JPH0754170B2 - Kitchen waste incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a garbage incinerator that heats and incinerates garbage in a home or the like with high frequency, and is an energy-saving type capable of recovering waste heat. It is a thing.

(Prior Art) In recent years, garbage incinerators have been remarkably spread to households, and direct disposal is progressing in each household.

However, when kitchen garbage such as kitchen waste that is discharged from the kitchen at home is immediately processed at home, it is difficult to incinerate it in a conventional incinerator due to the high water content.

Therefore, an incinerator using dielectric heating by microwave has been proposed.

Dielectric heating by microwave does not require heating electrodes,
The incinerator is heated by the irradiation of microwaves from the microwave source and is incinerated from the inside of the object.Therefore, there are few restrictions on the shape and dimensions of the incinerator, which makes it effective even for garbage. It can be incinerated.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) There is a problem that it is difficult to incinerate kitchen waste containing a large amount of water in a conventional domestic incinerator.

By the way, in the case of using a microwave incinerator that requires power consumption instead of this in each home, there is a demand for one that consumes less power and can be incinerated at low cost.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a garbage incinerator that consumes less power and can reduce operating costs.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to an apparatus for heating and incinerating kitchen waste put in an incinerator by microwaves,
Equipped with a heat exchanger composed of a metal member having a function of exchanging heat between high-temperature exhaust gas generated at the time of heating and burning of garbage and the air supplied to the incinerator from the outside and a function of blocking leakage of high frequency. The point is to do.

(Function) The heat exchanger performs heat exchange between the high-temperature exhaust gas and the supply air while preventing generation of high-frequency leakage, recovers the thermal energy of the exhaust gas, and lowers the temperature of the exhaust gas. .

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

1 is a front view showing the internal structure, FIG. 2 is a rear view thereof,
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the heat exchanger.

First, the structure will be described. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is an outer box, and a door 2 for throwing garbage is attached to the upper part of the outer box 1 so as to be openable and closable by pivoting with a hinge portion (not shown) as a pivot. Has been. A locking member 3 for closing is attached to the open end of the door 2.

A metal partition plate 10 is erected in the substantially central portion inside the outer box 1, and a metal inner box 4 serving as a cavity is formed on the upper part of one side (open end side of the door 2) thereof. .

A heat insulating material 6 is provided on the inner wall surface of the inner box 4.
The microwave generator magnetron 7 is installed in the waveguide 8
Is installed through.

An incinerator 5 made of a heat-resistant material is arranged in the inner box 4. The incinerator 5 is composed of a furnace body 51 and a bottom plate 52 formed as follows.

That is, the furnace body 51 has an inverted conical shape on the lower side and a narrower shape on the lower end side, and the narrowed portion projects downward from the hole formed in the lower surface of the inner box 4. An intake hole 56 and an exhaust hole 57, each of which is composed of a plurality of small holes, are formed in the opposing peripheral wall portions of the furnace body 51.

The furnace body 51 has its lower end cut obliquely at a required angle and opened in an inclined manner. The bottom plate 52 is openable and closable and attached to the inclined opening.

The bottom plate 52 is attached to the rotary shaft 58, and the rotary shaft 58 is rotated by the rotation driving motor 9 to open and close the bottom plate 52. Thus, the bottom plate 52 is formed by the rotation shaft 58, the rotation driving motor 9, and the like.
The opening and closing mechanism of is configured.

The lower part of the furnace body 51 may be formed in an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape.
Further, between the furnace body 51 and the bottom plate 52, an appropriate drainage gap may be formed for discharging the water contained in the kitchen waste.

A lid 13 of the incinerator 5 is formed on the back surface of the door 2 corresponding to the upper opening of the incinerator 5 by the heat resistant material 11 and the heat insulating material 12. A choke 14 having a property of blocking microwaves is formed around the lid portion 13 to prevent microwave leakage.

Further, below the incinerator 5, an ash storage box 15 for receiving the ash after garbage combustion is arranged so that it can be taken in and out freely.

In the ash storage box 15, a water receiving portion 152 is formed by a partition plate 151 at a position corresponding to the inclined lower end of the bottom plate 52. 153 is a handle, 1
54 is a wheel for movement.

An internal intake hole 16 composed of a plurality of small holes is formed in the partition plate 10 between the ash storage box 15 and the inner box 4.

A door 21 for taking in and out is attached to the portion of the outer box 1 corresponding to the position of the ash storage box 15 so as to be openable and closable. A choke 22 having a microwave blocking property is also formed around the door 21.

On the other hand, on the other side inside the outer box 1, the heat exchanger 23
Is provided.

The heat exchanger 23 is for heating the kitchen waste and for exchanging heat between the high-temperature exhaust gas generated at the time of incineration and the air supplied to the incinerator 5 from the outside, and as shown in FIG. The metal corrugated fins 231 and the plate bodies 232 are alternately stacked, and the corrugated fins 231 adjacent to each other are arranged such that the corrugated directions thereof are orthogonal to each other.

An air intake flow path is formed in the gap between the corrugated fins 231 and the plate body 232 aligned in the X direction, and an exhaust gas exhaust flow is formed in the gap between the corrugated fins 231 and the plate body 232 aligned in the Y direction. A path is formed.

A heat exchanger 23 having a discharge flow path and the like formed of a plurality of thin tube structures formed of metal corrugated fins 231 and a plate body 232.
Has a flow passage cross-sectional area set to an appropriate value with respect to the oscillation frequency of the microwave oscillated by the magnetron 7, thereby providing a cutoff characteristic for microwave leakage.

An air suction hole 24 composed of a plurality of small holes is formed in a portion of the outer case 1 facing the inlet of the suction flow path (flow path in the X direction) of the heat exchanger 23. The air suction hole 24 and the inlet of the suction flow path of the heat exchanger 23 are connected by a suction duct 25. The outlet of the suction flow path of the heat exchanger 23 is connected to the suction hole 56 of the incinerator 5 through the internal suction hole 16 and the gap between the incinerator 5 and the inner box 4.

Further, the inlet of the discharge flow path (Y-direction flow path) of the heat exchanger 23 is connected to the exhaust hole 57 of the incinerator 5 via the discharge duct 26. Inside the exhaust duct 26, a deodorant 27 made of, for example, an oxidation catalyst, and a heater 28 for heating the deodorant 27 are arranged.

On the other hand, the outlet of the discharge flow path in the heat exchanger 23 communicates with a casing 32 in which a blower wheel (exhaust means) 31 is installed via another discharge duct 29. 33 is a drive motor for the blower wheel 31.

One end of the casing 32 is opened to the outside of the device at the outer box 1 portion. From the lower surface of the casing 32, a drain pipe (drainage channel) 34 for removing condensed water generated by cooling the exhaust gas communicates with a water receiving portion 152 in the ash storage box 15.

Exhaust gas generated in the incinerator 5 is discharged so as to be sucked out by the blower wheel 31 arranged on the exhaust duct 29 side, and the inside of the incinerator 5 becomes a negative pressure, so that air is supplied to the incinerator 5. Is performed by a negative pressure suction type.

35 is mainly, for example, the rotation drive motor 9 and the blower wheel 31.
Is a controller for the driving motor 33 and the like.

Next, the operation will be described.

The hooking member 3 is removed, the door 2 is opened, and garbage is put into the incinerator 5. Since kitchen waste is a waste of vegetables, seafood, etc. from the kitchen at home, kitchen waste contains a high proportion of water.

Immediately after the kitchen waste is put into the incinerator 5, a part of this water content is generated from the drainage gap formed between the furnace body 51 and the bottom plate 52, or a slight gap formed by the weight of the thrown garbage, The water receiving part 15 in the ash storage box 15 flows from the bottom end of the bottom plate 52 flowing from the inclined lower end.
Run down to 2.

When a switch (not shown) is turned on, the magnetron 7 oscillates to generate microwaves, the drive motor 33 rotates the blower wheel 31 to start the exhaust operation, and the heater 28 removes the deodorant 27. It is heated and prepared for deodorization.

Then, the generated microwaves are absorbed by the garbage in the incinerator 5, and the garbage is started to be heated from the inside.

In this initial heating process, the water remaining in the kitchen waste is first evaporated. Since evaporation is a phase change from a liquid phase to a vapor phase, the kitchen waste is heated to around 100 ° C., and the evaporated high temperature moisture is discharged from the exhaust hole 57 to the exhaust duct 26 and deodorized by the deodorant 27, and then heated. It flows through the discharge flow path of the exchanger 23 and is discharged to the outside of the device by the rotation of the blower wheel 31.

Since the gas generated in the incinerator 5 is discharged by the blower wheel 31 arranged on the exhaust gas flow path side in this way, the pressure state in the incinerator 5 becomes a negative pressure and the air from the outside is discharged. Due to negative pressure suction, the air is sucked from the air suction hole 24, flows through the suction flow path of the heat exchanger 23, further flows from the internal suction hole 16 through the gap between the incinerator 5 and the inner box 4, and then from the suction hole 56 to the inside of the incinerator 5. Is supplied to.

Thus, the moisture is removed from the kitchen waste in which the evaporation of the moisture is promoted by the action of discharging the vaporized moisture and the action of supplying the external air.

When the high-temperature exhaust gas (humidity) and the air supplied from the outside flow through the heat exchanger 23, heat exchange between the two is performed, the supply air is heated, and the heat energy of the high-temperature humidity is recovered. It At this time, the electric power for heating the deodorant 27 by the heater 28 is also recovered. In addition to these effects, the temperature of the high temperature exhaust gas is lowered and then released to the outside.

When the high-temperature exhaust gas containing moisture is cooled to a temperature below the saturation point, condensed moisture is generated, and this condensed moisture flows to the water receiving portion 152 via the drain pipe 34. The water flowing down to the water receiving portion 152 is naturally dried or heated by the microwave reaching the water receiving portion 152 and evaporated.

Next, when the water content from the kitchen waste evaporates, the kitchen waste heats up rapidly due to microwave heating, and combustion starts.

The function of discharging the gas generated by the combustion and the function of supplying the external air by sucking the negative pressure are almost the same as those in the evaporation process of water.

However, since the temperature of the exhaust gas during the combustion process becomes higher than that during the evaporation process, the heat exchange action between the exhaust gas in the heat exchanger 23 and the air supplied from the outside is more effective. As a result, the thermal energy of the exhaust gas is recovered in the incinerator via the supply air, and power consumption is reduced. Further, along with this, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged to the outside is lowered.

And in the above-mentioned water vaporization process and combustion process, a tendency of microwave leakage occurs through the exhaust hole 57 and the deodorant 27, etc., but the heat exchanger 23 is made of a metal material, and its discharge flow path is Since it is configured to have a cutoff or attenuation characteristic with respect to the oscillation frequency, external leakage of microwaves can be accurately prevented.

Exhaust holes 57 and the like formed in the furnace wall deteriorate with time and the tendency of microwave leakage from these parts and the like increases with the use of the device, but even in such a case, heat exchanger 23
Thus, microwave leakage is properly prevented.

After the combustion is finished, the inside of the incinerator 5 is appropriately cooled, and then a drive signal is sent to the rotary drive motor 9 to open the bottom plate 52, the ash after the combustion is dropped into the ash storage box, and further outside the device. Taken out.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the heat exchanger is
Since it has the function of exchanging heat between the high temperature exhaust gas generated at the time of kitchen heating and incineration and the air supplied from the outside to the incinerator and the function of blocking high frequency, it does not require a large space, It is possible to perform heat exchange while preventing leakage to the outside, so that the thermal energy of the exhaust gas is recovered, power consumption is reduced, and operating costs can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a garbage incinerator according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view showing the internal structure, FIG. 2 is a rear view, and FIG. 3 is an inside of a heat exchanger. It is a perspective view which shows a structure. 5: incinerator, 51: furnace body, 52: bottom plate, 56: intake hole, 57: exhaust hole, 7: magnetron, 15: ash storage box, 23: heat exchanger, 231: corrugated fins, 232: plate body, 31: Blower wheel (exhaust means), 34: Drain pipe (drainage channel).

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Fumihiro Imamura 4-21, Yoshihara-cho, Nishi-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Inside the Nagoya factory of Toshiba Corporation (72) Toshio Kakizawa 4--21, Yoshihara-cho, Nishi-ku, Aichi Toshiba Corporation Nagoya factory (56) Reference JP-A-61-228217 (JP, A) Actually open 59-158801 (JP, U) Actually open 56-128921 (JP, U)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A device for heating and incinerating kitchen waste put into an incinerator with high frequency, and a function and a high frequency for performing heat exchange between exhaust gas generated when the kitchen is heated and incinerated and air supplied from the outside to the incinerator. An incinerator for incinerating waste, comprising a heat exchanger composed of a metal member having a function of blocking the leakage of the waste. 2. The heat exchanger, wherein the fins are formed so that the cross-sectional area of the flow path along the flow direction of the exhaust gas is large enough to exhibit high-frequency cutoff characteristics, and the flow of the exhaust gas. The fins formed along the flow path direction of the air supplied to the incinerator from the outside orthogonal to the road direction have a structure in which the fins are alternately stacked. Kitchen waste incinerator. 3. The exhaust gas outlet side of the heat exchanger is provided with a drainage channel for removing condensed moisture of the exhaust gas, as set forth in claim 1 or 2. Kitchen waste incinerator. 4. The exhaust gas flow path is provided with an exhaust means, and the supply of air to the incinerator is of a negative pressure suction type. The garbage incinerator according to the third item.