JPH0754198B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air conditioner, and in particular, it is possible to perform centralized heating and cooling by blowing cool air or warm air from a single heating and cooling source to a plurality of rooms, and The present invention relates to an air conditioner capable of individually adjusting the amount of air blown to each room.

[Prior Art] As a conventional air conditioner for centralized heating and cooling, there is a duct type air conditioner that distributes cold air or warm air through a duct to each room by a blower. However, in this method, when the amount of air blown to a particular room is changed by stopping or increasing it, the amount of air blown to other rooms will also be affected, and therefore the amount of heat supplied to other rooms will change. Fluctuates and the room temperature changes. Therefore, in this type of air conditioner, various measures have heretofore been adopted as means for adjusting the air flow rate. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-24022 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-22696 disclose means for adjusting the air flow rate. The former method is
It detects wind pressure and temperature changes at the root of the duct before blowing air to each room and controls the drive of the blower.The latter method also changes the temperature at the root of the duct and the outlet of each room. The amount of airflow is detected to control the drive of the blower. As a concrete example representing these conventional examples, refer to Fig. 2 ・ 10 (Page 41 of Chapter 2 of the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Handbook issued by the Japan Refrigeration Association (new edition, 4th edition, application), page 41 of the air conditioning system. There is a).

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional air conditioner described in the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Handbook.

In the figure, 1 is an air-conditioned room to be air-conditioned (in the figure, the case of 4 rooms is shown, 2 is arranged in the ceiling or the like of the air-conditioned room 1 and functions as a blower source of cold air or warm air) The indoor unit 3 is an air filter that removes dust in the air to purify the air, 4 is a heat exchanger that cools or heats the air, 5 is a blower that blows air or warm air, and 6 is indoors. The main duct communicating with the air outlet of the machine 2, 7 is a branch duct branched from the main duct 6 in accordance with the number of each air-conditioned room 1, 8 is attached to each branch duct 7 part, and is connected to each air-conditioned room 1. A blower adjusting unit of a throttle type for adjusting the amount of blown air, a damper 9 rotatably mounted in the blower adjusting unit 8 of the throttle type, a blower outlet 10 located at the end of the branch duct 7,
11 is a suction port provided under the door of the air-conditioned room 1, 12
Is a ceiling suction port provided on the ceiling surface of the corridor outside the air-conditioned room 1, and 13 is a suction duct that connects the ceiling suction port 12 and the suction port of the indoor unit 2. 14 is a room thermostat for setting and detecting room temperature installed in each air-conditioned room 1, 15 is a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of air blown from the blower 5 in the main duct 6, and 16 is also a blower in the main duct 6. A pressure detector for detecting the wind pressure due to the air blown from 5 and a heat source device 17 such as a heat pump that is connected to the heat exchanger 4 and controls the heat conversion operation in the heat exchanger 4.

The conventional duct type air conditioner for centralized heating and cooling is configured as described above, and the air cooled or heated by the heat exchanger 4 is blown or warmed by the blower 5 to form the duct 6 and / or the branch duct 7. Centralized air-blowing means for distributing and blowing air to each room of the plurality of air-conditioned rooms 1 through the air-conditioning means, and air-blowing adjusting means mounted on each of the branch ducts 7 for adjusting the amount of cool air or warm air to the air-conditioned room 1. It has a barrel throttle type air flow adjusting unit 8 and a room thermostat 14 which is a room temperature setting / detecting means for setting the room temperature in the air-conditioned room 1 installed in each of the plurality of air-conditioned rooms 1 and detecting the actual room temperature. ing.

Next, the operation of the conventional air conditioner configured as above will be described.

First, according to the temperature difference between the set temperature set by the user in each room thermostat 14 and the detected current actual room temperature, the opening degree of the damper 9 of the throttle type air flow adjusting unit 8 is adjusted to an arbitrary position. To do. The pressure in the main duct 6 also changes according to the opening degree of the damper 9. This change in pressure is detected by the pressure detector 16, and the blower capacity by the blower 5 is adjusted so that the preset pressure is obtained. Further, since the temperature of the air blown on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 4 also changes with the change in the amount of air blow, the temperature detector 15 detects this change and controls the capacity of the heat source unit 17 so that the air temperature reaches a preset air flow temperature. To do.

By such a series of control, an appropriate amount and temperature of air, which is adjusted to a substantially constant temperature, is blown into the air-conditioned room 1 from the air outlet 10. That is, the air volume is blown out according to the magnitude of the heat load in each air-conditioned room 1. Further, the air conditioned in the air-conditioned room 1 flows into the ceiling suction port 12 from the suction port 11 through a space such as a corridor,
It returns to the indoor unit 2 again via the suction duct 13. Then, the same flow is repeated again according to the above operation.

As described above, in the duct-type air conditioner for centralized cooling and heating using the conventional general throttle-type air-blowing adjustment unit 8, the air-blowing temperature and the air-blowing according to the fluctuation of the heat load in each air-conditioned room 1 The optimum values for the pressure are determined, and the capacities of the heat source unit 17 and the blower 5 are appropriately controlled so that these values are substantially constant.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional air conditioner as described above, control of the amount of air blower 5 and control of the capacity of the heat source device 17 are performed by controlling the pressure change in the main duct 6 during air blowing. It was used as a control index.

Therefore, what you really want to control is the air flow itself,
With the control of the blowing capacity of the blower 5 using the pressure in the main duct 6 as a control index, it has always been difficult to maintain an appropriate air volume. In such control, since the pipe shape and length of the main duct 6 are different in the actual installation state, the correlation between the pressure in the main duct 6 and the blown air volume to each air-conditioned room 1 is clearly logically configured. It was not always easy to do.

Ideally, the control of the capacity of the heat source device 17 is also performed based on the actual amount of heat radiation or the heat load. However, in the control using the pressure in the main duct 6 as a control index,
It has always been difficult to maintain an appropriate amount of heat. In such control, it is not always easy to form a clear logical configuration for the capacity control of the heat source device 17, and direct control is difficult. Therefore, in practice, an indirect method has to be adopted by controlling the blowout temperature to the air-conditioned room 1 to be constant or having an appropriate predetermined width.

A device that does not use the pressure change in the main duct 6 as a control index is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-47497 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-69643. In the former case, the terminal air volume control unit at each outlet has a function as a wind speed sensor to control the blower 5 and the like. Also,
The latter is equipped with a special device that generates Karman vortices for each branch duct as a wind speed sensor and measures the air volume and speed.
The blower 5 and the like are controlled based on this measurement.

In JP-A-50-12838, temperature control means for controlling the heating amount or the heat absorption amount of the heat generating source in response to the temperature of the common passage portion before the hot air or the cold air is diverted to each room and each Disclosed is a central cooling and heating device having a warm air control means for detecting a signal sum due to warm air at an outlet of a room and controlling the rotation speed of a fan motor by the detected signal. Furthermore,
In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-114334, the air flow rate adjusting means provided at each air outlet of the duct adjusts the air flow rate according to the load of each room and detects the increase or decrease of the air flow rate in the duct to increase or decrease the air flow rate. There is disclosed an air conditioner including control means for controlling the capacity of a compressor in accordance with the above.

However, in the techniques disclosed in the above publications, although an appropriate air volume can be obtained at each air outlet, each terminal air volume control unit or the like becomes large and extremely expensive due to the presence of the air velocity sensor. Normally, this type of air conditioner has 5 terminals
~ 15 and this price determination was extremely important.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive air conditioner capable of appropriately controlling the capacity of a blower and the capacity of a heat source device with a simple configuration and means.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the air conditioner according to the present invention, the air cooled or heated by the heat exchanger 4 is cooled by the blower 5 as cold air or hot air through the duct 6 and / or the branch duct 7. Air-conditioned room 1
The air is distributed to each room in the room. Blower adjusting means that is mounted on each branch duct 7 and adjusts the amount of cool air or warm air blown to each air-conditioned room 1, and the air-conditioned room 1 installed in each of the plurality of air-conditioned rooms 1 Room temperature setting / detecting means for setting the room temperature of the air conditioner and detecting the actual room temperature, and the damper 9 of each air blow adjusting means in accordance with each signal from the room temperature setting / detecting means.
A damper opening / closing determining means 18 for determining each opening / closing degree, a damper control means 19 for controlling each opening / closing operation of the damper 9 of each of the air blowing adjusting means in response to a signal from the damper opening / closing determining means 18, and the damper opening / closing. Air volume determination means for determining the volume of air blown by the blower 5 according to a signal from the determination means 18.
20 and an air volume measuring means 21 for detecting the air volume from the blower 5 with an air volume detector 16a to measure the actual air volume, and by both signals from the air volume measuring means 21 and the air volume determining means 20. The drive of the air blower 5 is controlled so that the actual air flow rate becomes the air flow rate determined by the air volume measuring means 21, and the air temperature from the air blower 5 is detected by the temperature detector 15 to measure the actual air flow temperature. Based on both signals from the temperature measuring means 22, the temperature measuring means 22 and the air flow rate determining means 20, the capacity determining means 24 determines the capacity of the heat source device 17 that controls the heat conversion operation in the heat exchanger 4. The drive of the heat source unit 17 is controlled according to the signal from the capacity determining unit 24.

[Operation] In the air conditioner of the present invention, in accordance with each signal from each room temperature setting / detecting means installed in each of the plurality of air-conditioned rooms 1, cold air or warm air to each air-conditioned room 1 is generated. The opening / closing degree of the damper 9 of the air blowing adjusting means for adjusting the air blowing amount is determined, and the opening / closing operation of the damper 9 is controlled. In addition, the blower amount by the blower 5 is determined according to the signal that determines the opening / closing degree of the damper 9, and the actual blown amount from the blower 5 is measured, and the actual blown amount is determined by the blower determined above. The drive of the blower 5 is controlled so that the air volume will be adjusted.
Furthermore, the actual blown temperature from the blower 5 is measured, the capacity of the heat source unit 17 is determined by this temperature and the air flow rate determination signal, and the drive of the heat source unit 17 is controlled. The control and the capacity control of the heat source device 17 are appropriately performed based on the actual blown air amount and blown air temperature, and cold air or warm air having an appropriate amount and an appropriate temperature is stably supplied to each air-conditioned room 1.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the entire system of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. Note that, in the figure, 1, 2, 4 to 11, 14, 15, and 17 are the same or corresponding constituent portions as those of the above-described conventional example, and therefore, redundant description will be omitted here. In particular, this air conditioner, like the conventional example,
Centralized air-blowing means for distributing the air cooled or heated by the heat exchanger 4 into each room of the plurality of air-conditioned rooms 1 through the ducts 6 and the branch ducts 7 as cold air or hot air by the blower 5,
A throttle-type air-blowing adjusting unit 8 that is attached to each of the branch ducts 7 and serves as an air-blowing adjusting unit that adjusts the amount of cold air or warm air to the air-conditioned rooms 1, and the plurality of air-conditioned rooms 1
The room thermostat 14 is a room temperature setting / detecting means for setting the room temperature in the air-conditioned room 1 installed in each room and detecting the actual room temperature.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 16 a is an air volume detector for detecting the volume of air blown from the blower 5, which is arranged in the main duct 6.
Reference numeral 18 denotes a damper open / close determining means for determining the open / close degree of the damper 9 of each throttle type air flow adjusting unit 8 in accordance with a signal from the room thermostat 14. That is, the opening degree of each damper 9 of the diaphragm type air flow adjusting unit 8 is determined from the difference between the set temperature signal from the room thermostat 14 and the detected temperature signal. Reference numeral 19 is a damper control means for controlling the opening / closing operation of the damper 9 of each throttle type variable air volume unit 8 in response to a signal from the damper opening / closing determining means 18, and a drive mechanism for individually performing the opening / closing operation of each damper 9 ( The opening / closing of the damper 9 is controlled by operating (not shown). 20 is an air volume determining means for determining the total air volume of the blower 5 according to the damper open / close information which is a signal from the damper open / close determining means 18, and 21 is an air volume for measuring the actual air volume based on the detection signal of the air volume detector 16a. The measuring means 22 is a temperature measuring means for measuring the actual blowing temperature based on the detection signal of the temperature detector 15. 23 compares the current actual air flow rate by the air flow rate measurement means 21 and the determined value of the air flow rate to the air flow rate determination means 20, so that the actual air flow rate becomes the air flow rate determined by the air flow rate measurement means 21. It is a blower control means for controlling the drive of the blower 5. 24 is a heat source device 17 based on the output signal from the temperature measuring means 22 and the determined total air volume output signal from the air volume determination means 20.
The heat conversion operation of the heat exchanger 4 is controlled according to the capacity of the heat source unit 17, and the heat exchange rate and the like are determined. Reference numeral 25 is a heat source machine control means for actually controlling the drive of the heat source machine 17 according to the signal from the capacity determination means 24.

The air conditioner of this embodiment is configured as described above and operates as follows. The operation of this air conditioner will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the control operation of the air conditioner of the embodiment of the present invention. In addition, this figure is an operation example of the heating operation.

When the heating operation by the air conditioner is started, operation control is performed according to the following routine.

First, in step S1, the room thermostat of each room temperature and the actual room temperature from the room thermostat 14 in each room 1 to be air-conditioned is input. In step S2, the opening / closing degree of the damper 9 of each throttle type air flow adjusting unit 8 is determined according to each room thermo signal from each room thermostat 14. This determination is made by the damper opening / closing determining means 18. Then, in step S3, a control signal for controlling the actual opening / closing operation of the damper 9 of the diaphragm-type air flow adjusting unit 8 is output according to the determination in step S2. For example, if the room temperature of the specific air-conditioned room 1 is lower than the set value, the damper 9 of the throttle type air flow adjusting unit 8 for the air-conditioned room 1 is driven in the opening direction, and conversely, if it is high, it is driven in the closing direction. A control signal for causing the output is output. This output is performed by the damper control means 19.

Next, in step S4, the total set air volume QS is determined from the sum of the predetermined air volumes qsi of the dampers 9 which are in the open state. This determination is made by the air volume determining means 20. It should be noted that this total set air volume QS is obtained by the following <1> equation or <2> equation.

QS = Σqsi ...... <1> Further, if the predetermined air volume qsi of each damper 9 is the same value, QS = {number of open dampers / total number of dampers} x maximum air volume ...... <2> Become. The maximum air volume here is the total air volume when all the dampers are all in the open state, and is a predetermined value. In step S5, a control signal for driving the blower 5 at a rotation speed corresponding to the total set air volume QS is output. This output is made by the blower control means 23.
This signal causes the blower 5 to be roughly driven temporarily.

Then, in step S6, the temperature detector 15 and the air volume detector 16
Both signals from a are taken in and the actual passing air volume QA and air blowing temperature TA in the current main duct 6 are measured. These measurements are performed by the air volume measuring means 21 and the temperature measuring means 22. In step S7, the actual passing air volume QA is compared with the total set air volume QS. If QA> QS, in step S8 the rotation speed of the blower 5 is reduced according to the difference between QA and QS. Conversely, QA
<In the case of QS, in step S9, the rotation speed of the blower 5 is set to QA.
Increase according to QS difference. If QA = QS, the current state of the rotation speed of the blower 5 is maintained in step S10. In step S11, the steps S8 to S10 are performed.
Based on the determination, the control signal for actually correcting the rotation speed of the blower 5 is output by frequency control or the like. This corrected output is made by the blower control means 23.

In the next step S12, the heat source device 1 corresponding to the total set air volume QS
7 abilities are determined. This is because, for example, it is necessary to make the capacity of the heat source device 17 proportional to the total blown air volume in order to keep the blowout temperature constant. The capacity of the heat source machine 17 is determined by the capacity determining means 24. In step S13, a control signal for actually controlling the capacity of the heat source device 17 is output. This output is made by the heat source machine control means 25. For example, heat source machine 17
When a heat pump is adopted as, the number of revolutions of the compressor is controlled.

From step S14, the correction operation of the capacity control of the heat source device 17 is performed. In step S14, the actual blast temperature TA in the main duct 6
Is compared with a preset temperature TS set in advance. The set temperature TS is set to maintain the efficiency of the heat source device 17 and prevent the blowout temperature from decreasing during heating. Also,
It is set for the purpose of correcting the capacity change due to other factors (for example, in the case of a heat pump, the influence of the outside air temperature). Furthermore, it is set for the purpose of preventing an abnormal temperature and ensuring safety. As a result of the comparison in step S14, if TA <TS, in step S15, the capacity of the heat source unit 17) is reduced according to the difference between TA and TS. On the contrary, if TA <TS, in step S16 the capacity of the heat source device 17 is increased according to the difference between TA and TS. If TA = TS, the heat source unit 17 is used in step S17.
Will remain unchanged and will not change. Step S18
Then, a control signal for actually modifying the capacity of the heat source device 17 is output based on the determinations in steps S15 to S17. This output is made by the heat source machine control means 25.

The series of control operations from step S1 to step S18 described above are repeatedly performed at regular time intervals. In addition, in order to clarify the point in the above description, description of the system stop (stop of the blower 5, the heat source device 17, etc.) when all the dampers are all closed is omitted. Also,
These controls are performed using a microcomputer, but the description of the circuit is omitted.

As described above, in the air conditioner of this embodiment, in accordance with each signal from each room thermostat 14 installed in each of the plurality of air-conditioned rooms 1, the cold air or warm air to each air-conditioned room 1 is supplied. The opening / closing degree of the damper 9 of the diaphragm type air flow adjusting unit 8 for adjusting the air flow rate is determined, and the opening / closing operation of the damper 9 is controlled (steps S1 to S3). The blower 5 determines the amount of air blown by the blower 5 according to the signal that determines the opening / closing degree of the damper.
The actual blown air amount is measured, and the drive of the blower 5 is controlled so that the actual blown air amount becomes the blown air amount determined above (steps S4 to S11). Further, the actual blowing temperature from the blower 5 is measured, the capacity of the heat source device 17 is determined by this temperature and the air flow rate determination signal, and the drive of the heat source device 17 is controlled (step S6 and step). S1
2 to step S18).

As described above, in this embodiment, the capacity control of the blower 5 and the capacity control of the heat source unit 17 are performed based on the actual blown air amount and blown air temperature, and pressure change is not used as a control index as in the conventional case. The capacity control and the capacity control of the heat source device 17 can be directly performed. Moreover, these controls can be corrected by comparing them with the actual air flow rate and air flow temperature. Further, these controls can be performed with a simple configuration without using a special terminal air volume control unit or the like.

Therefore, more reliable and appropriate control can be performed, and an appropriate amount of high temperature cold air or hot air can be stably supplied to each air-conditioned room 1, resulting in economical and efficient operation. Air conditioning can be realized. In particular, when the heat load is small, the transport power can be reduced and the efficiency of the heat source device 17 can be improved, which is economical.

By the way, in the above-described embodiment, the control method of the damper 9 is described as the control in the fully open or fully closed state, but the same control is possible even if the opening is set proportionally.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the air conditioner of the present invention is configured such that cold air or warm air to each air-conditioned room is set according to each room temperature setting and each signal from the detection means installed in the air-conditioned room. The opening / closing operation of the damper of the air flow adjusting means for adjusting the air flow rate is controlled. Further, the blower amount by the blower is determined according to the signal that determines the opening / closing degree of the damper, and the actual blown amount from this blower is measured, and this actual blown amount becomes the blown amount determined above. To control the drive of the blower. Furthermore, the actual blowing temperature from the blower is measured, the capacity of the heat source device is determined by this temperature and the air flow rate determination signal, and the drive of the heat source device is controlled.
The capacity control of the blower and the capacity control of the heat source device are performed appropriately based on the actual air flow rate and air temperature with a simple configuration, and a stable amount of cold air or warm air with an appropriate amount and temperature is supplied to each air-conditioned room. Therefore, economical and efficient air conditioning can be performed. In particular, since it is not necessary to dispose an air volume control unit at each outlet, the cost is extremely low.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the entire system of an air conditioner which is an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the control operation of the air conditioner which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the air conditioner. In the figure, 1: Air-conditioned room, 4: Heat exchanger, 5: Fan, 6: Main duct, 7:
Branch duct, 9: damper, 15: temperature detector, 16a: air volume detector, 17: heat source device, 18: damper open / close determination means, 19: damper control means, 20: air volume determination means, 21: air volume measurement means, 22 : Temperature measuring means, 23: Blower control means, 24: Capacity determining means, 25:
It is a heat source machine control means. In the drawings, the same reference numerals and symbols indicate the same or corresponding constituent parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A centralized air-blowing means for distributing and blowing air cooled or heated by a heat exchanger as cold air or warm air by a blower into each of a plurality of air-conditioned rooms through ducts and branch ducts, and each branch. A blower adjusting means that is attached to the duct part to adjust the blowing amount of cold air or warm air to each of the air-conditioned rooms, and sets the room temperature of the air-conditioned room installed in each of the plurality of air-conditioned rooms, and actually Room temperature setting to detect the room temperature of
A detection means, a damper opening / closing determining means for respectively determining the opening / closing degree of the damper of each of the air flow adjusting means according to each signal from each of the room temperature setting / detecting means, and the damper according to the signal from the damper opening / closing determination means. A damper control unit that controls the opening / closing operation of the damper of each blower adjusting unit, an air volume determination unit that determines the amount of air blown by the blower according to a signal from the damper open / close determination unit, and an amount of air blown from the blower Air volume measuring means for detecting the actual air volume detected by the detector, and the air volume measured by both signals from the air volume measuring means and the air volume determining means so that the actual air volume becomes the air volume determined by the air volume measuring means. Blower control means for controlling the drive of the blower, temperature measurement means for detecting the blower temperature from the blower with a temperature detector to measure the actual blown temperature, the temperature measuring means and the front Capacity determining means for determining the capacity of the heat source machine that governs the heat conversion operation in the heat exchanger by both signals from the air flow rate determining means, and controlling the drive of the heat source machine according to the signal from the capacity determining means. An air conditioner comprising: a heat source device control means.