JPH0754215B2 - Absorption cooling / heating water heater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention is used in general households, factories, etc., and is an absorption type cooling / heating system in which an absorption cooling / heating machine and a water heater are provided side by side for cooling / heating and hot water supply. Regarding the water heater.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as an absorption type cooling / heating water heater capable of heating / cooling and supplying hot water, one having a structure shown in FIG. 5 or 6 is known.

That is, the former is a high temperature regenerator 37, a low temperature regenerator 38, a condenser 3
9, the evaporator 40, the absorber 41, the high temperature heat exchanger 42, the low temperature heat exchanger 43, the refrigerant liquid circulation pump 44, the solution circulation pump 45 in the vapor portion of the high temperature regenerator 37 of the absorption chiller-heater 46 A heat exchanger 48 having a heat transfer pipe 47 for heating makeup water is additionally provided so that cooling and heating as well as hot water supply can be performed.

In the latter, the absorption chiller / heater 46 having the same structure as the former is provided with a hot water supply boiler 49 so as to be able to perform cooling / heating and hot water supply.
It is designed to preheat the hot water supply water 51 for the boiler 49 by recovering heat from the boiler 49.

Incidentally, in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, 52 is a refrigerant liquid (water), 53
Is a solution (LiBr aqueous solution), 54 is a cooling water pipe, 55 is a heat transfer pipe for an evaporator, 56 is a refrigerant liquid sprayer, 57 is a solution sprayer, 58 is a cooling and heating load, 59 is a hot water supply load, and 60 is fuel.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, in the former case, the heat transfer pipe 47 for heating makeup water is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant vapor 52 'generated in the high-temperature regenerator 37 to obtain hot water. Therefore, there is a problem that the hot water supply water 51 cannot be heated when the air conditioning is not used, and the hot water cannot be supplied.

Further, when the cooling and heating operation is performed without a hot water supply load, the makeup water 51 in the makeup water heating heat transfer tube 47 boils to a high pressure,
It is extremely dangerous.

Furthermore, if a damage such as a pinhole occurs in the heat transfer pipe 47 for heating the makeup water, there is a problem that the air-tightness of the absorption chiller-heater 46 is impaired and the operation becomes impossible.

On the other hand, in the latter case, since the hot water supply makeup water 51 is preheated by recovering the heat from the cooling water 50, the makeup water 61 cannot be preheated during the heating operation in which the cooling water 50 can be stopped, and as a result, the makeup is supplemented. There was a problem that the hot water supply capacity was significantly reduced in winter when the water temperature was low.

Also, during the cooling operation in summer, the temperature of the make-up water is 20 to 30 ° C, but the temperature of the cooling water is 40 ° C or less, so the temperature difference between the two is small, and the heat transfer pipe 47 for heating the make-up water becomes large. There was also.

The present invention was created in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to supply hot water even when the cooling and heating are not used, to prevent the makeup water from boiling and becoming high pressure, and to absorb the absorbed cold and hot water. (EN) An absorption-type cooling / heating water heater capable of maintaining airtightness of a machine, preheating makeup water even during heating operation, and obtaining a large amount of heat exchange even with a small heat transfer tube for heating makeup water.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, an absorption type cooling / heating water heater of the present invention comprises a double-effect absorption cooling / heating water heater and a water heater, and heat transfer for heating makeup water of the water heater. In an absorption type cooling / heating water heater in which makeup water in a pipe is heated by an absorption chiller / heater, in order to supply the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator of the absorption chiller / heater into the evaporator A supply pipe is connected and an opening / closing valve is arranged on the refrigerant vapor supply pipe, and a heat transfer pipe for heating makeup water of the water heater is arranged in the condenser of the absorption chiller-heater to preheat the makeup water with the refrigerant vapor. It was done like this.

It is preferable that a communication pipe that can supply a part of the refrigerant vapor into the condenser is provided between the condenser and the refrigerant supply pipe on the outlet side of the on-off valve.

Further, it is preferable that the heat transfer pipe for heating makeup water is a double pipe capable of detecting leak water.

Further, it is preferable to dispose a water leakage detector for detecting water leakage into the space formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the double pipe.

Further, the heat transfer tube for heating makeup water may be a heat pipe.

(Function) During the cooling operation, the on-off valve is closed and the absorber and the condenser are filled with the cooling water, the pump is operated to circulate the refrigerant liquid and the solution, and the cooling water is taken out from the evaporator for cooling.

At this time, in the condenser, heat is exchanged between the makeup water at room temperature in the heat transfer tube for hot water supply and the relatively high temperature refrigerant vapor flowing into the condenser from the low temperature regenerator, and a large temperature difference between the two can be obtained. In addition, the heat of condensation of the refrigerant vapor is transferred. As a result, a large amount of exchange heat can be obtained even with a small-sized heat transfer tube for heating makeup water, and the makeup water can be sufficiently preheated.

Moreover, since the temperature of the refrigerant vapor flowing into the condenser is less than 100 ° C., the makeup water does not boil and become a high pressure.

Further, in the condenser, the cooling capacity is increased by the cooling effect of the cooling water and the cooling effect of the makeup water, and the refrigerating capacity is significantly improved.

On the other hand, during heating operation, the on-off valve is opened, cooling water is stopped from flowing into the absorber and the condenser, the pump is operated to circulate only the solution, and hot water is taken out from the evaporator for heating.

At this time, a part of the refrigerant vapor flowing into the evaporator from the high temperature regenerator through the refrigerant vapor supply pipe is supplied into the condenser by the connecting pipe to preheat the makeup water in the makeup water heating heat transfer pipe. This makes it possible to sufficiently preheat the makeup water even in winter when the makeup water temperature is low.

Further, since the connecting pipe is provided, the temperature inside the low-temperature regenerator and the condenser does not drop too much and becomes low. As a result, the flow of the solution from the low temperature regenerator to the absorber does not deteriorate.

When a double pipe is used as the heat transfer pipe for heating the make-up water and a water leak detector for detecting water leak into the space formed between the inner and outer pipes of the double pipe is provided, replenishment due to damage to the heat transfer pipe Water leakage can be detected. As a result, measures can be taken before the makeup water flows into the condenser, and the airtightness of the absorption chiller-heater can be maintained.

Further, when a heat pipe is used as a heat transfer pipe for heating makeup water, and when the makeup water and the refrigerant vapor are indirectly heat-exchanged, even if the makeup water leaks due to corrosion, the water tightness of the absorption chiller-heater can be maintained. .

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described in detail based on drawing.

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an absorption-type cooling / heating water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is provided with a dual-effect absorption cooling / heating water heater 1 and a water heater 2 and is capable of performing heating / cooling and hot water supply. is there.

The double-effect absorption chiller / heater 1 includes a high temperature regenerator 3, a low temperature regenerator 4, a condenser 5, an evaporator 6, an absorber 7, a high temperature heat exchanger 8, a low temperature heat exchanger 9, and a refrigerant liquid circulation pump 10. And a solution circulation pump 11 and the like, which are connected to each other by pipes like those conventionally known.

The high temperature regenerator 3 and the evaporator 6 are connected by a refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 so that the refrigerant vapor 12 'generated in the high temperature regenerator 3 can be supplied into the evaporator 6, and this refrigerant vapor supply pipe
An on-off valve 14 is arranged at 13.

Further, between the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 on the outlet side of the on-off valve 14 and the condenser 5, a communication pipe 15 is provided so that a part of the refrigerant vapor 12 ′ can be supplied into the condenser 5.

On the other hand, the water heater 2 is installed side by side with the absorption chiller heater 1,
In the present embodiment, the water heater 2 is a normal hot water boiler.

That is, the hot water boiler includes a combustor (not shown) and a heat transfer tube 16
Boiler main body 17 having, etc., a water supply pipe 18 connected to the heat transfer pipe 16, and a make-up water heating heat transfer pipe 19 connected to the water supply pipe 18, and the like, the make-up water heating heat transfer pipe 19 The make-up water 20 in the heat transfer tube 19 disposed in the condenser 5 is the refrigerant vapor 1
It is designed to be preheated at 2 '.

In FIG. 1, 12 is a refrigerant liquid (water), 21 is a solution (Li
Br aqueous solution), 22 is a cooling water pipe, 23 is cooling water, 24 is a heat transfer tube for an evaporator, 25 is a refrigerant liquid sprayer, 26 is a solution sprayer, 27 is a cooling and heating load, 28 is a hot water supply load, and 29 is fuel.

Next, the operation of the absorption type cooling / heating water heater will be described.

During the cooling operation, the on-off valve 14 is closed, the cooling water 23 is passed through the cooling water pipe 22, and the pumps 10 and 11 are operated.

Then, in the evaporator 6, the refrigerant liquid circulation pump 10
The refrigerant liquid 12 is transferred from the refrigerant liquid sprayer 25 to the evaporator heat transfer tube.
The fluid 30 in the evaporator heat transfer tube 24 is sprayed and evaporated to cool the fluid 30 in the evaporator heat transfer tube 24. Thereby, cold water is obtained and cooling is performed.

In the absorber 7, the concentrated solution 21 is sprayed from the solution sprayer 26 onto the cooling water pipe 22, and the liquid film formed on the outer surface of the cooling water pipe 22 is cooled by the cooling water 23 while the evaporator 6 is formed on the liquid film. It absorbs the refrigerant vapor 12 (temperature of around 5 ° C) flowing in from.

Further, the diluted solution 21 stored at the bottom of the absorber 7 is sent to the high temperature regenerator 3 via the low temperature heat exchanger 9 and the high temperature heat exchanger 8 by the solution circulation pump 11, and is supplied to the high temperature regenerator 3 by an external heat source. After being heated to generate the refrigerant vapor 12 'and concentrated to an intermediate concentration, it is sent to the low temperature regenerator 4 via the high temperature heat exchanger 8.

Then, the refrigerant vapor 12 'generated in the high temperature regenerator 3 (temperature of about
150-160 ℃) is sent to the low temperature regenerator 4
After further heating and concentrating the solution 21 therein, saturated water (temperature of about 90 ~
Cooling water 23 and make-up water together with the refrigerant vapor 12 ″ flowing into the condenser 5 from the low temperature regenerator 4
Cooled by 20 cooling actions.

The refrigerant liquid 12 in the condenser 5 returns to the evaporator 6, and the solution 21 in the low temperature regenerator 4 returns to the absorber 7.

In the condenser 5, at a relatively high temperature (80 to 80%) when the room temperature hot water supply water 20 flows into the condenser 5 from the low temperature regenerator 4.
Since it is preheated with 12 "of the refrigerant vapor of 95 ° C and the condensation heat transfer of 12" of the refrigerant vapor, a large amount of heat exchange can be obtained even with the small heat transfer pipe 19 for heating the make-up water, and the preheat of the make-up water 20 is sufficient. And surely.

Further, since the temperature of the refrigerant vapor 12 ″ is less than 100, the makeup water 20 does not boil to a high pressure even when the cooling operation is performed without a hot water supply load.

Further, in the condenser 5, in addition to the cooling action of the cooling water 23, the cooling action of the makeup water 20 is added, and since the makeup water temperature is generally lower than the cooling water temperature, the cooling capacity increases and the refrigeration capacity increases. It will be greatly improved.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, the opening / closing valve 14 is opened and the cooling water 23 is prevented from flowing into the cooling water pipe 22, and the solution circulation pump 11 is operated.

Then, the refrigerant vapor 12 'generated in the high temperature regenerator 3 is
It is supplied into the evaporator 6 through the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 and heats the fluid 30 in the evaporator heat transfer pipe 24. As a result, hot water is obtained and heating is performed.

Refrigerant vapor 12 'that has heated the evaporator heat transfer tube 24 has a temperature of 60
After about ℃, it is absorbed by the solution 21 in the absorber 7, sent to the high temperature regenerator 3 and separated from the solution 21, and then supplied to the evaporator 6 via the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13.

At this time, a part of the refrigerant vapor 12 'in the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 enters the condenser 5 via the connecting pipe 15, and the heat transfer pipe for heating make-up water.
Preheat the makeup water 20 in 19. As a result, it is possible to sufficiently preheat the makeup water 20 even in winter when the makeup water temperature is low. In the conventional absorption chiller-heater, when the temperature in the low-temperature regenerator 4 and the condenser 5 becomes too low and becomes low, the flow of the solution 21 from the low-temperature regenerator 4 to the absorber 7 and the condenser 5 The phenomenon in which the flow of the refrigerant liquid 12 to the evaporator 6 deteriorates sometimes occurs,
In the present invention, since a part of the refrigerant vapor 12 'is supplied into the condenser 5, these disadvantages can be avoided.

In the above embodiment, a normal pipe was used for the makeup water heating heat transfer pipe 19, but in other embodiments, a double pipe 31 is used for the makeup water heating heat transfer pipe 19, A water leak detector 32 may be provided to detect water leak.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a U-shaped double pipe 31 having a slit-shaped space 33 in the longitudinal direction is provided inside the condenser 5 so that both ends thereof are located outside the condenser 5. A plurality of them are arranged side by side, and the inlet side and the outlet side of the inner pipe 31a of each double pipe 31 are connected to the water supply pipe 18 having the partition wall 34, and both ends of the outer pipe 31b are formed on the outer wall surface of the condenser 5. A water leak detector 32 such as a float switch connected to an air leak detection space 35 and connected to an alarm (not shown) is provided in the water leak detection space 35.

Thus, when the makeup water 20 flowing in the inner pipe 31a leaks due to cracks due to corrosion, holes, etc., the makeup water 20 flows into the leakage detection space 35 through the slit-shaped space 33, and the leakage detector 32. Detected by. As a result, it is possible to take measures before the makeup water 20 flows into the condenser 5, prevent various adverse effects due to leakage of the makeup water 20, and improve the safety and reliability of the hot and cold water heater. Will be done.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the pipe or double pipe 31 is used as the heat transfer pipe 19 for heating makeup water, but in other embodiments, the heat pipe 36 is used as the heat transfer pipe 19 for heating makeup water. May be used.

That is, the heat pipe 36 is one in which water, alcohol, or another working fluid is sealed in an appropriate amount in a decompressed, hermetically sealed pipe, and heat is conveyed by evaporative condensation of the working fluid and reflux of the working fluid by capillary action. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat pipe 36
A plurality of them are arranged side by side in the condenser 5 such that the condensation section side is located outside the condenser 5 and the evaporation section side is located inside the condenser 5.
The condenser section side of the heat pipe 36 is arranged in the water supply pipe 18.

As described above, when the heat pipe 36 is used to indirectly exchange heat between the makeup water 20 and the refrigerant vapor 12 ′, the makeup water 20 corrodes the feed pipe 18 and absorbs the makeup water 20 even if it leaks. The airtightness of the chiller / heater 1 is not impaired.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the absorption-type cooling / heating water heater of the present invention includes a double-effect absorption cooling / heating machine and a water heater, and an opening / closing valve is provided between the high temperature regenerator and the condenser of the absorption cooling / heating machine. It is possible to supply the refrigerant vapor into the evaporator through the refrigerant vapor supply pipe where is arranged, and the heat transfer pipe for heating the make-up water of the water heater is arranged in the condenser of the absorption chiller-heater to make the make-up water the refrigerant. Since it is preheated with steam, hot water can be supplied even when cooling / heating is not used, and make-up water can be preheated by the refrigerant vapor during cooling / heating operation, and since the temperature difference between the refrigerant vapor and the make-up water is large, a small make-up water A large amount of exchange heat can be obtained even in the heating heat transfer tube, and since the refrigerant vapor heats the makeup water after passing through the low temperature regenerator, the makeup water does not boil to a high pressure.

Further, in the condenser, in addition to the cooling action by the cooling water, the cooling action by the makeup water is added, and the makeup water temperature is generally lower than the cooling water temperature, so that the cooling capacity is increased and the refrigeration capacity is improved. become.

In addition to the above effects, the device according to the second to fifth aspects can exert the following effects.

In the apparatus of claim 2, a connecting pipe is provided between the condenser vapor supply pipe on the outlet side of the on-off valve and the condenser to supply a part of the coolant vapor into the condenser. Therefore, during the heating operation, the preheating of the supplementary water can be performed more reliably and sufficiently even in winter when the temperature of the supplementary water is low. Further, the temperature in the low-temperature regenerator and the condenser does not become too low and the pressure becomes low, and the flow of the solution or the refrigerant liquid is not adversely affected.

In the device of claim 3, since the double pipe is used as the heat transfer pipe for heating the makeup water, the makeup water hardly leaks into the condenser, and the airtightness of the absorption chiller-heater can be maintained. , Leakage water can be detected.

In the apparatus of claim 4, since the water leakage detector for detecting the water leakage into the space formed between the inner and outer pipes of the double pipe is arranged, the leakage of the makeup water due to the corrosion of the double pipe is detected. Therefore, it is possible to take measures before the makeup water flows into the condenser.

In the apparatus of claim 5, since the heat pipe is used as the heat transfer tube for heating the makeup water and the makeup water and the refrigerant vapor are indirectly heat-exchanged, even if the makeup water leaks due to corrosion. The airtightness of the absorption chiller / heater can be maintained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an absorption-type cooling / heating water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part using a double pipe for a make-up water heating heat transfer pipe, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heavy pipe, FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part using a heat pipe for a make-up water heating heat transfer pipe, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic system diagrams of a conventional absorption-type cooling / heating water heater. . 1 is an absorption chiller / heater, 2 is a water heater, 3 is a high temperature regenerator, 5 is a condenser, 6 is an evaporator, 12 'is a refrigerant vapor, 13 is a refrigerant vapor supply pipe, 14 is an on-off valve, and 15 is a communication pipe. , 19 is a heat transfer pipe for heating makeup water, 20 is makeup water, 31 is a double pipe, 31a is an inner pipe, 31b is an outer pipe,
32 is a leak detector, 33 is a space between the inner and outer pipes, and 36 is a heat pipe.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A double-effect absorption chiller / heater (1) and a water heater (2), which absorbs and cools makeup water (20) in a heat transfer pipe (19) for heating makeup water of the water heater (2). In an absorption type cooling / heating water heater heated by a water machine (1), a refrigerant vapor (1) generated in a high temperature regenerator (3) of the absorption cooling / heating machine (1).
In order to supply 2 ') into the evaporator (6), both are connected by a refrigerant vapor supply pipe (13) and this refrigerant vapor supply pipe (13)
An on-off valve (14) is installed in the water heater (2) to absorb the make-up water heating heat transfer pipe (19) and the condenser (5) of the chiller-hot water machine (1).
An absorption type cooling / heating water heater characterized in that the makeup water (20) is pre-heated with a refrigerant vapor (12 ') provided inside. 2. The outlet side of the on-off valve (14) is provided between the refrigerant vapor supply pipe (13) and the condenser (5), and a part of the refrigerant vapor (12 ') is supplied into the condenser (5). The absorption type cooling / heating water heater according to claim 1, wherein a connecting pipe (15) is interposed so as to do so. 3. The absorption type cooling / heating water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat transfer pipe (19) for heating makeup water is a double pipe (31) capable of detecting water leakage. 4. An inner pipe (31a) and an outer pipe (31b) of the double pipe (31).
The absorption type cooling / heating water heater according to claim 3, further comprising a water leakage detector (32) for detecting water leakage into the space (33) formed between the water heater and the space. 5. The absorption type cooling / heating water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat transfer pipe (19) for heating makeup water is a heat pipe (36).