JPH0755100B2 - Water-cooled cultivation device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water-cooled cultivation device used in institutional horticulture, seedling production, plant factories and the like.

(Prior art) In greenhouses, plant factories, phytotrons, etc., in order to provide a suitable growth environment for plants, in the summer, the entire room is cooled using an air conditioner, or the evaporation heat of water is used for evaporation. The temperature inside the room is lowered by cooling. However, there is a drawback in that a large amount of equipment cost and operation cost are required to use the air conditioner, and there is a problem that the evaporative air conditioner cannot exert a sufficient effect in Japan where the humidity is high.

In addition, forcing cultivation of strawberries requires low-temperature treatment of seedlings in the summer to break dormancy.This treatment is conventionally performed in the refrigerator, but the seedlings are kept in the dark during the treatment. There was a drawback that photosynthesis could not be performed and that seedlings were weakened at a time after treatment.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the conventional problems as described above, and can lower the temperature in the summer cultivation room without using an expensive air conditioner, and further, can grow plants. It was completed for the purpose of an economical water-cooled cultivation device that can secure the necessary amount of solar radiation.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The above-mentioned problems can be achieved by a water-cooled cultivation device characterized in that an upper water tank made of a transparent material is provided on the ceiling of a cultivation room. Further, the above-mentioned problems can also be achieved by a water-cooled cultivation device characterized in that an upper water tank made of a transparent material is provided on the ceiling of the cultivation room and the entire cultivation room is immersed in the lower water tank.

(Example) Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated example. In FIGS. 1 and 2, (1) is a cultivation room,
A medium (2) such as rock wool for cultivating a plant is provided in the inside thereof, and liquid fertilizer is contained or circulated.
(3) is an upper water tank made of a transparent material such as acrylic resin, which is provided on the ceiling of the cultivation room (1) and has a water injection hole (4) at one end. Water is injected into the water tank (3). As described above, an upper water tank made of a transparent material is provided in the upper part of the cultivation room, water is poured into the upper water tank, and the water depth is adjusted to suppress the light transmission amount and adjust the heat ray absorption amount. The water depth is preferably about 1 to 50 cm. The water depth can be set freely by changing the height of the drain hole (5). The ceiling surface (6) of the cultivation room (1) that separates the cultivation room (1) and the upper water tank (3) is an inclined surface. The inclination angle is preferably 5 ° or more, more preferably 10 ° to 30 °. This is because the water droplets that have condensed on the ceiling surface (6) do not fall on the plants, and the fine water droplets that have condensed on the ceiling surface form a cloudy glass, which reduces the amount of light transmission. It is a structure for collecting water drops along the ceiling surface (6) and collecting it in the gutter (7) so that there is no roof, the structure of the inclined surface is a roof type as shown in the figure, one-sided flow shape, dome shape etc. It can have any shape. In addition, it is preferable to surface-treat the transparent material or apply a surfactant to prevent water droplets from adhering to the ceiling surface. Further, it is preferable to provide a fan for blowing air toward the ceiling surface in order to expose the water droplets and agitate the air in the cultivation room.

The first invention has the above-mentioned configuration, but the second invention makes the lower water tank (8) an essential component. As shown in the figure, the cultivation room (1) is entirely immersed in the lower water tank (8), but the bottom is fixed by a fixture (9) so as not to float due to buoyancy. In this embodiment, the water overflowing from the drain hole (5) of the upper water tank (3) flows into the lower water tank (8) and is discharged to the outside from the drain pipe (10).
If it is desired to adjust the temperature to a higher degree, it is of course possible to inject water into the lower water tank (8) by another system.

Also, the hot water obtained from the upper water tank (3) and the lower water tank (8) can be effectively used. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the bottom part of the upper water tank (3) has a roof shape and is shared with the ceiling of the cultivation room (1), but the upper water tank (3) and the cultivation room ( An inner ceiling for receiving water droplets may be provided separately from 1).

(Function) The one configured in this manner absorbs heat rays by flowing water into the upper water tank (3), and easily lowers the temperature in the cultivation room (1) by about 15 to 20 ° C than the outside air temperature. In addition, since sunlight reaches the cultivation room (1) through the upper water tank (3) made of a transparent material and the water inside thereof, there is no fear of inhibiting the growth of plants. As shown in the data below, the water volume and depth in the upper water tank (3) do not significantly affect the temperature in the cultivation room (1), but the water depth greatly changes the amount of light reaching the drainage hole (5). It is preferable to appropriately adjust the height depending on the height. Moreover, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the water droplets condensed on the ceiling surface (6) of the cultivation room (1) flow along the inclined ceiling surface and are discharged from the gutter (7) to the outside, so that they drop on the plant. It does not damage the plant and does not partially change the growth environment of the plant due to the presence or absence of water droplets.

Further, as in the second aspect of the present invention, the lower water tank (8) is also used, and the ground temperature in the cultivation room can be freely controlled by the water temperature and the water amount. Therefore, when the water flowing in the upper water tank (3) is made to flow into the lower water tank (8) as in the embodiment, it is necessary to appropriately control the water depth, the water amount, the water temperature and the like.

Figures 3 to 6 show the results of measuring changes in the outside temperature, the temperature in the cultivation room, and the ground temperature in the cultivation room for one day by changing the water depth and the amount of injected water in the upper aquarium and flowing about 10 ° C water in summer. It is a graph. In this way, the cultivation room temperature and the ground temperature can be kept sufficiently lower than the outside temperature. The amount of solar radiation reaching the plant is 15 to 20 when the depth of the upper tank is 2 cm.
%, It was confirmed that when the water depth was 8 cm, it decreased by 30-40%. Also, as mentioned above, 12
When low temperature treatment of ~ 13 ° C was performed by the apparatus of the present invention,
Since the seedlings could be treated in the condition that the sunlight reached them, photosynthesis was not interrupted and the treated seedlings could be kept in a healthy state.

(Effect of the invention) As is apparent from the above description, the present invention can reduce the temperature in the cultivation room even in the summer without using an air conditioner, and further, the light required for plant growth and organ formation. The quality and quantity of light can be secured. The second
According to the invention, the temperature of the rhizosphere of the plant can be kept sufficiently low. Further, by preventing the dripping of condensed water droplets, the growth environment of the plant can be further improved, and the subsequent acclimation treatment can be facilitated.
Therefore, the present invention is extremely large in that it contributes to the development of the industry as a water-cooled cultivation apparatus that eliminates the conventional problems.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 6 are graphs of the outside temperature, the temperature in the cultivation room, and the ground temperature in the cultivation room, which are measured by changing the water depth and the water amount using the apparatus of the embodiment. Is. (1): Cultivation quality, (3): Upper water tank, (6): Ceiling surface,
(8): Lower water tank.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A water-cooled cultivation apparatus, characterized in that an upper water tank (3) made of a transparent material is provided on a ceiling of a cultivation room (1). 2. An upper water tank (3) made of a transparent material is provided on the ceiling of the cultivation room (1), and the entire cultivation room (1) is immersed in the lower water tank (8). Water-cooled cultivation device.