JPH0758146B2 - Absorption cold / hot water device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption cold / hot water system, and more particularly to an absorption cold / hot water system which operates using exhaust heat of an engine as a heat source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Normally, in an absorption refrigerator, during cooling operation,
Cooling water is passed through the absorber and condenser, hot water that is a heat source (heat discharged from the engine, etc.) is passed through the generator, and cold water for cooling is taken out from the evaporator. The cooling cycle operates as a normal absorption refrigeration cycle. On the other hand, in the case of heating, the hot water serving as a heat source and the hot water for heating may be directly heat-exchanged, but the route of the air conditioning fluid (cool water, hot water) is different between cooling and heating. I need a valve. That is, cold water is obtained from the evaporator, and hot water is obtained from the heat exchanger between the heat source hot water and the heating hot water.

Further, in the absorption refrigeration system which operates by using the exhaust heat of the engine as a heat source, the absorption refrigeration system serves not only to produce cold water but also to cool the exhaust heat as a heat source. Usually, in an absorption refrigeration system that operates using exhaust heat of an engine as a heat source, the amount of heat source entering the generator (hot water flow rate or steam amount) is adjusted to control the cold water temperature,
When the temperature of the heat source is too high, it is common to use a radiator (or a cooler) to release the heat of the heat source.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an absorption cold / hot water apparatus which can take out cold water and hot water of which temperature is controlled from the same equipment and can also serve as a radiator (or a cooler) which releases a heat source. The purpose is to provide.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator and a solution heat exchanger are main constituent devices, and these are solution pipes and refrigerant pipes. In the absorption chilled / hot water device that is connected by the above to form a cycle, a refrigerant vapor pipe for guiding the refrigerant vapor of the generator or the condenser to the absorber or the evaporator is provided, and a refrigerant vapor valve is provided in the vapor pipe, and the evaporation is also performed. A temperature detector is provided in the external fluid passage passing through the reactor, and a heat source excess degree detector is provided in the external fluid passage passing through the generator.Refrigerant vapor based on the detection values from the temperature detector and the heat source excess degree detector. An absorption cold / hot water device characterized by having a mechanism for adjusting a valve, and in the present invention, a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, and a solution heat exchanger as main constituent devices. , Connect these with solution piping and refrigerant piping. In the absorption cold water system constituting a cycle, a condenser, a refrigerant system of the evaporator, the absorber,
A refrigerant pipe for guiding a refrigerant to the solution circulation system of the solution heat exchanger and the generator is provided, a refrigerant valve is provided to the refrigerant pipe, and a temperature detector is provided to an external fluid passage passing through the evaporator, and the generator is passed through the generator. A heat source excess detector is installed in the external fluid passage,
An absorption refrigerating apparatus is characterized in that a mechanism for adjusting a refrigerant valve is provided based on detection values from the temperature detector and the heat source excess degree detector.

In the above-described absorption cold / hot water system, the mechanism for adjusting the valves of the refrigerant vapor valve and the refrigerant valve uses the detection value for opening the valve from the heat source excess degree detector as the valve value from the temperature detector. It is preferable that the detection value in the closing direction is prioritized over the detection value.

Further, according to the present invention, in the absorption cold / hot water apparatus in which a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, and a solution heat exchanger are main constituent devices, and these are connected by a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe to form a cycle. , The refrigerant vapor of the generator or condenser,
A refrigerant vapor pipe leading to the absorber or the evaporator is provided, a refrigerant vapor valve is provided in the vapor pipe, and a refrigerant circulation system of a condenser, an evaporator, a solution circulation system of an absorber, a solution heat exchanger, and a generator. A refrigerant pipe for guiding a refrigerant is provided, a refrigerant valve is provided in the refrigerant pipe, a temperature detector is provided in an external fluid passage passing through the evaporator, and a heat source excess detector is provided in the external fluid passage passing through the generator. A mechanism for adjusting the refrigerant valve based on the detection value from the temperature detector and adjusting the refrigerant vapor valve based on the detection value from the heat source excess degree detector is provided. It is an absorption cold / hot water device.

In the above-mentioned absorption cold / hot water system, the heat source excess detector is preferably a heat source thermometer when the heat source is hot water, and a heat source thermometer or a heat source steam pressure meter when the heat source is steam. Good to use.

[0009]

In the present invention, the heat quantity of the heat source coming into the generator is
Rather than directly controlling, the heat source coming into the generator always heats and concentrates the solution. The cold water temperature control closes the refrigerant vapor valve or the refrigerant valve when the cold water temperature is high, that is, when the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerator is smaller than the cooling load. If it is still high, the heat source heat quantity is insufficient and out of the control range. When the cold water temperature is low, that is, when the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerator is larger than the cooling load, in the device provided with the refrigerant vapor piping and valve, the refrigerant vapor on the high pressure side (generator and condenser) is passed through the refrigerant vapor valve, Discharge to low pressure side (absorber and evaporator). In the absorber, the refrigerant vapor from the high pressure side and the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator are absorbed, the amount of refrigerant vaporized in the evaporator is limited, and the capacity of the refrigerator can be reduced.

Further, in the device provided with the refrigerant pipe and the valve, the refrigerant (mainly the refrigerant liquid) of the refrigerant system (evaporator and condenser system) is used.
Is discharged to the solution circulation system (absorber, solution heat exchanger, generator system) through the refrigerant valve. As a result, the solution concentration decreases, the absorption capacity of the absorber decreases, the amount of refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator decreases, and the capacity of the refrigerator can be reduced.

If the heat source temperature is too high, the cooling of the engine will be hindered, but the lowering of the heat source temperature need not be considered. It can be used as a heat source for an absorption chiller, and does not reduce the temperature to a level that would damage the engine. When the heat source temperature is high (when the heat source is excessive), in the device equipped with the refrigerant vapor pipe and valve, the refrigerant vapor valve is opened and the refrigerant vapor from the generator or condenser is discharged to the absorber or evaporator. Then, the refrigerant vapor pressure of the generator is reduced, the temperature of the generator solution is reduced accordingly, and the heat amount of the heat source is consumed in the generator to reduce the heat source temperature or the heat source vapor pressure. This operation is an operation when this device is used for heating operation, and heating operation can be performed by stopping the introduction of cooling water, condensing the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator, and passing hot water through the external liquid passage of the evaporator. .

Further, in an apparatus provided with a refrigerant pipe and a valve, the refrigerant valve is opened and the refrigerant (mainly the refrigerant liquid) in the refrigerant system (evaporator and condenser system) is circulated through the refrigerant valve in the solution circulation. Discharge to the system (absorber, solution heat exchanger, generator system). This reduces the solution concentration and the boiling temperature in the generator. Therefore, it is possible to consume a large amount of heat of the heat source in the generator and reduce the heat source temperature or the heat source vapor pressure.

Next, in the apparatus provided with both the refrigerant pipe and the valve and the refrigerant vapor pipe and the valve, the temperature control of the cold water closes the refrigerant valve when the cold water temperature is high. When the cold water temperature is low, the refrigerant (mainly the refrigerant liquid) of the refrigerant system (evaporator and condenser system) is discharged to the solution circulation system (absorber, solution heat exchanger, generator system) through the refrigerant valve. . This reduces the solution concentration and reduces the absorption capacity of the absorber,
The amount of refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator is reduced, and the capacity of the refrigerator can be reduced.

When the heat source temperature is high (when the heat source is excessive), the refrigerant vapor valve is opened and the refrigerant vapor of the generator or condenser is discharged to the absorber or evaporator, and the refrigerant vapor pressure of the generator is increased. Is lowered, and the temperature of the generator solution is lowered accordingly, and the amount of heat of the heat source is consumed in the generator to lower the heat source temperature or the heat source vapor pressure.

In the present invention, a temperature detector is provided in the external fluid passage passing through the evaporator to detect the temperature of the fluid, and a heat source excess detector is provided in the external fluid passage passing through the generator. Since the temperature or vapor pressure of the fluid is detected and the refrigerant vapor valve or the mechanism for adjusting the refrigerant valve is adjusted based on the detected value, the cold water temperature and the heat source temperature can be automatically controlled and kept constant. .

[0016]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of the absorption refrigeration system of the present invention. In FIG. 1, G is a generator, A is an absorber, E is an evaporator, and C is
Is a condenser, H is a solution heat exchanger, V ₁ is a refrigerant vapor valve, 1
1, 12 are pumps, T _H is a heat source excess detector, T _C is a cold water temperature detector, 17 is a cooling tower, pipes 1 to 4 are solution passages, pipes 5 to 6 are refrigerant passages, and pipe 8 is refrigerant vapor piping. , Tubes 13, 14
Is a heat source passage, pipe 18 is a cold water passage, and 19 to 20 are cooling water passages.

Next, a cooling cycle using this device will be described. The diluted solution that has absorbed the refrigerant passes from the absorber A through the pipe 1 and is sent to the heated side of the heat exchanger H by the pump 11.
The diluted solution heated by heat exchange is introduced into the generator G through the tube 2. In the generator G, the refrigerant vapor that has been heated by a heat source such as hot water of the engine jacket from the pipe 13 is evaporated and concentrated. The concentrated concentrated solution passes from the pipe 3 through the heating side of the heat exchanger H, is introduced from the pipe 4 to the absorber A, absorbs the refrigerant again, and becomes a dilute solution, which is circulated from the pipe 1.

On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor generated in the generator G reaches the condenser C, is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser C, is condensed, and is introduced into the evaporator E from the pipe 5. In the evaporator E,
The refrigerant takes heat from the cold water, exerts a freezing effect, and evaporates. The vaporized refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the solution in the absorber A.
The absorbed heat at the time of absorption is cooled by the cooling water from the pipe 19 flowing through the absorber A.

In such a cooling cycle, when the chilled water temperature or the heat source temperature fluctuates and adjustment becomes necessary,
Refrigerant vapor valve V of the refrigerant vapor pipe 8 leading from the condenser to the evaporator
_{This is} done by adjusting the opening of ₁ . First, the cold water temperature detector T _C and the heat source excessive Detector T _H, detects the cold water temperature and heat source temperature, based on the detected value, to adjust the refrigerant vapor valve V _1.

Specifically, the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ is adjusted by closing the valve from the evaporator external fluid temperature detector T _C with a detected value from the heat source excess detector T _H in the opening direction. It is preferable to give priority to the detection value to be oriented, and an example thereof is shown in a flowchart in FIG. FIG. 3 is a graph of the flowchart of FIG. In the figure, T _CO is the cold water target temperature, T
_HO indicates the heat source target temperature.

4 and 5, regarding the adjustment of the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ , the valve opening is obtained from the heat source excess detector T _H , and
An example of obtaining the valve opening from the evaporator external fluid temperature detector T _C is also shown. The larger value is used to adjust the valve.
The opening of the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ may be calculated from the detected value of the heat source excess detector _{TH and} the detected value from the evaporator external fluid temperature detector T _C, and may be adjusted based on that. It should be noted that there is no problem even if the refrigerant liquid enters the refrigerant vapor guided from the high pressure side to the low pressure side.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of an absorption refrigerating apparatus of another example of the present invention. 6 is different from FIG. 1 in that instead of the refrigerant vapor pipe 8 and the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ , a refrigerant pipe 7 is provided from the refrigerant passage 6 to the solution passage 1 and the refrigerant valve V ₂ is provided in the pipe 7. It is in the point provided.

The cooling cycle of this device is the same as that of the device of FIG. 1, but the chilled water temperature or the heat source temperature fluctuates,
The control method is different when adjustment is necessary. That is, in this embodiment, the operation is performed by adjusting the opening degree of the refrigerant valve V ₂ provided in the refrigerant pipe 7. First, the cold water temperature detector T _C and the heat source excessive Detector T _H, detects the cold water temperature and heat source temperature, based on the detected value, to adjust the refrigerant valve V _2.

More specifically, the adjustment of the refrigerant valve V ₂ is performed by setting the detected value from the heat source excess detector T _H in the opening direction to the valve from the evaporator external fluid temperature detector T _C in the closing direction. It is preferable to give priority to the detected value of (1), and an example thereof is shown in a flowchart in FIG. FIG. 8 is a graph of the flowchart of FIG.

9 and 10, regarding the adjustment of the refrigerant valve V ₂ , the valve opening degree is obtained from the heat source excess degree detector T _H, and the valve opening degree is also obtained from the evaporator external fluid temperature detector T _C. An example of obtaining The larger value is used to adjust the valve. The opening degree of the refrigerant valve V ₂ may be calculated from the detected value of the heat source excess degree detector _{TH and} the detected value from the evaporator external fluid temperature detector T _C, and may be adjusted based on that.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 11 shows a flow configuration diagram of an absorption refrigeration system of another example of the present invention. In FIG. 11, both the refrigerant vapor pipe 8 and the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ of FIG. ₁ and the refrigerant pipe 7 and the refrigerant valve V ₂ of FIG. 6 are provided.

The cooling cycle of this device is the same as that of the device of FIG. 1, but the chilled water temperature or the heat source temperature fluctuates,
The control when adjustment is necessary is performed as follows. That is, the temperature control of the cold water is performed by the refrigerant valve V ₂ , and the refrigerant valve V ₂ is operated based on the detection value of the temperature detector T _C of the cold water. When the temperature of the cold water is high, the refrigerant valve V ₂ is closed, and when the temperature of the cold water is low, the refrigerant is flowed through the refrigerant valve V ₂ into the solution circulation system to reduce the refrigeration capacity.

On the other hand, the temperature control of the heat source is performed by the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁
Performed in, by operating the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ on the basis of the detected value of the excess of the detector T _H of the heat source. When the heat source temperature is high, the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ is opened and the refrigerant vapor of the generator G or the condenser C is discharged to the absorber A or the evaporator E to reduce the refrigerant vapor pressure of the generator G. This lowers the temperature in the generator and lowers the heat source temperature. FIG. 12 shows an example of adjusting the refrigerant vapor valve V ₁ , and FIG. 13 shows an example of adjusting the refrigerant valve V ₂ .

[0030]

According to the present invention, by disposing the refrigerant vapor pipe and the valve and / or the refrigerant pipe and the valve, the temperature of the cold water and the heat source can be easily controlled, and the heat of the heat source can be released. , Can also serve as a radiator that releases the exhaust heat of the engine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow configuration diagram of an absorption refrigeration apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing adjustment of a refrigerant vapor valve.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram in which the flowchart of FIG. 2 is graphed.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between cold water temperature and refrigerant vapor valve opening.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between heat source temperature and refrigerant vapor valve opening.

FIG. 6 is a flow configuration diagram of an absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing adjustment of a refrigerant valve.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram in which the flowchart of FIG. 7 is graphed.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between cold water temperature and refrigerant valve opening.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between heat source temperature and refrigerant valve opening.

FIG. 11 is a flow configuration diagram of an absorption refrigeration apparatus showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between heat source temperature and refrigerant vapor valve opening.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between cold water temperature and refrigerant valve opening.

[Explanation of symbols]

G generator A absorber E evaporator C condenser H solution heat exchanger V ₁ refrigerant vapor valve V ₂ refrigerant valve _TH heat source excess detector T _C temperature detector 1-4 solution passage 5, 6 refrigerant passage 7 refrigerant Piping 8 Refrigerant vapor piping 11, 12 Pump 13, 14 Heat source passage 17 Cooling tower 18 Cold water passage 19, 20 Cooling water passage

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An absorption chilled / hot water apparatus comprising a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, and a solution heat exchanger as main constituent devices, and connecting them with a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe to form a cycle. A refrigerant vapor pipe for guiding the refrigerant vapor of the condenser to the absorber or the evaporator is provided, a refrigerant vapor valve is provided for the vapor pipe, and a temperature detector is provided for an external fluid passage passing through the evaporator. Absorbed cold / hot water characterized in that a mechanism for adjusting the refrigerant vapor valve based on the detection values from the temperature detector and the heat source excess degree detector is provided along with a heat source excess degree detector provided in the external fluid passage. apparatus. 2. An absorption cold / hot water apparatus in which a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, and a solution heat exchanger are main constituent devices, and these are connected by a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe to form a cycle. A refrigerant pipe for guiding the refrigerant from the refrigerant system of the evaporator to the solution circulation system of the absorber, the solution heat exchanger, and the generator is provided with a refrigerant valve in the refrigerant pipe, and an external fluid passage passing through the evaporator is provided. A temperature detector is provided, a heat source excess degree detector is provided in the external fluid passage passing through the generator, and the refrigerant valve is adjusted based on the detection values from the temperature detector and the heat source excess degree detector. An absorption refrigeration system characterized by the above. 3. The mechanism for adjusting the valve includes a mechanism for prioritizing a detection value from the heat source excess degree detector in the opening direction over a detection value from the temperature detector in the closing direction. The absorption cold water heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. 4. An absorption chilled / hot water apparatus comprising a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, and a solution heat exchanger as main constituent devices, and connecting them with a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe to form a cycle, A refrigerant vapor pipe for guiding the refrigerant vapor of the condenser to the absorber or the evaporator is provided, a refrigerant vapor valve is provided for the vapor pipe, and the absorber and the solution heat exchanger are connected from the refrigerant system of the condenser and the evaporator. , A refrigerant pipe for guiding a refrigerant to the solution circulation system of the generator is provided, a refrigerant valve is provided in the refrigerant pipe, a temperature detector is provided in an external fluid passage passing through the evaporator, and an external fluid passage passing through the generator is provided. Is a mechanism for providing a heat source excess degree detector, adjusting the refrigerant valve based on the detection value from the temperature detector, and adjusting the refrigerant vapor valve based on the detection value from the heat source excess degree detector. An absorption cold / hot water device characterized in that 5. The heat source excess detector is a heat source thermometer when the heat source is hot water, and is a heat source thermometer or a heat source steam pressure gauge when the heat source is steam. The absorption cold water heater according to 2, 3 or 4.