JPH0760704B2 - Organic electrolyte battery - Google Patents
Organic electrolyte batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0760704B2 JPH0760704B2 JP61175920A JP17592086A JPH0760704B2 JP H0760704 B2 JPH0760704 B2 JP H0760704B2 JP 61175920 A JP61175920 A JP 61175920A JP 17592086 A JP17592086 A JP 17592086A JP H0760704 B2 JPH0760704 B2 JP H0760704B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- organic electrolyte
- thf
- solvent
- tetrahydrofuran
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWBQKUZVJVKXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(oxolan-2-yl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1CCCO1 KWBQKUZVJVKXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJYVFFLYCSUEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(oxolan-3-yl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1CCOC1 HJYVFFLYCSUEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 2-Acetyl-tetrahydrofuran 3-Acetyl-tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium disulfide Chemical compound S=[Ti]=S CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、負極にリチウムなどを用いた有機電解質電池
の改良に関するものであり、特に有機電解質を構成する
有機溶媒の改良に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement in an organic electrolyte battery using lithium or the like for a negative electrode, and more particularly to an improvement in an organic solvent constituting an organic electrolyte.
従来の技術 有機電解質電池として、負極にリチウムやマグネシウム
などのアルカリ金属，アルカリ土類金属を用い、正極に
フッ化黒鉛や、二酸化マンガンを用いた電池が研究さ
れ、一部実用化されている。また最近では、負極にリチ
ウム、正極に二硫化チタンを用いたリチウム有機電解質
二次電池の研究も活発に行われている。2. Description of the Related Art As an organic electrolyte battery, a battery using an alkali metal such as lithium or magnesium or an alkaline earth metal for a negative electrode and fluorinated graphite or manganese dioxide for a positive electrode has been studied and partially put into practical use. Recently, research on a lithium organic electrolyte secondary battery using lithium for the negative electrode and titanium disulfide for the positive electrode has also been actively conducted.
これら電池の電解質には、溶媒にプロピレンカーボネー
ト（PC）やテトラヒドロフラン（THF）,2−メチルテト
ラヒドロフラン（２−Me−THF）を用い、これら溶媒
に、過塩素酸リチウム（LiClO4）やリチウムヘキサフロ
ロアルシネート（LiAsF6）を溶質として溶解した有機電
解質が用いられてきた。Propylene carbonate (PC), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-Me-THF) were used as the electrolytes for these batteries, and lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) and lithium hexafluoro Organic electrolytes have been used in which aluminate (LiAsF 6 ) is dissolved as a solute.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 これらの有機電解質を用いた電池では、高率放電を行っ
た場合、電池の電圧が低下するという問題点があった。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In batteries using these organic electrolytes, there is a problem that the voltage of the battery decreases when high rate discharge is performed.
問題点を解決するための手段 本発明では、従来の有機電解質に用いる溶媒に、２およ
び３の位置にアセチル基を有するテトラヒドロフランを
使用することを特徴としている。Means for Solving Problems The present invention is characterized by using tetrahydrofuran having an acetyl group at the 2 and 3 positions as a solvent used for a conventional organic electrolyte.
作用 従来の代表的溶媒のPCは誘電率は大であるが粘度が大で
あり、このため、電池に使用すると高率放電時に電圧の
低下、正極の利用率の低下が起こった。一方、THFや２
−Me−THFでは、粘度は小さいが、誘電率が小のため、
高率放電時には、正極の利用率は大となるが電池電圧の
低下が起こった。したがって、THFや２−Me−THFの類で
誘電率を大にすることにより、電池に使用した場合、良
好な特性が得られることが予想できる。Action PC, which is a typical conventional solvent, has a large dielectric constant but a large viscosity. Therefore, when it is used in a battery, the voltage drops and the utilization factor of the positive electrode decreases at a high rate discharge. On the other hand, THF and 2
-Me-THF has a low viscosity but a low dielectric constant,
At high rate discharge, the utilization factor of the positive electrode increased, but the battery voltage decreased. Therefore, it can be expected that good characteristics can be obtained when used in a battery by increasing the dielectric constant of THF or 2-Me-THF.
実施例 本発明は、THFを改良し、下に示すようにTHFの２および
３の位置にアセチル基を持たせることにより、誘電率が
増大し、電池特性を向上させたものである。Example The present invention is an improvement of THF, and an acetyl group at the 2 and 3 positions of THF as shown below, thereby increasing the dielectric constant and improving the battery characteristics.
２−アセチル−テトラヒドロフラン ３−アセチル−テトラヒドロフラン 〔実施例１〕 負極に直径17.5mm,厚さ0.5mmのリチウムを用いた。この
時の理論充填量は247mAhである。正極には、二酸化マン
ガン100重量に、導電剤としてのアセチレンブラック10
重量部、結着剤としてのポリ四フッ化エチレン樹脂10重
量部よりなる合剤0.4gを、直径17.5mmの円盤状に圧縮成
型したものを用いた。この正極の理論充填容量は103mAh
であった。この正極，負極を用いて第２図に示したコイ
ン形電池を構成し、有機電解質の違いによる特性差を検
討した。なお、第２図において１は正極、２は負極、３
はセパレータである。有機電解質の溶質として、全て１
モル/lのLiClO4を用いた。有機電解質の溶媒として、本
発明の２−アセチル−テトラヒドロフランを用いた電池
をＡ、従来のPC,THF,2−Me−THFを用いた電池を各々B,
C,Dとする。また従来の混合溶媒の例として、溶媒に体
積比で1:1のPCとTHFの混合溶媒を用いた電池をＥとす
る。Ａ〜Ｅの電池の有機電解質の量は、全て200μｌと
した。これらの電池を100Ωの負荷で放電させた時の放
電特性を第１図に示す。従来のPCを用いた電池Ｂでは、
放電初期の電圧は大であるが、利用率が低い。またTHF
や２−Me−THFなどの低粘度溶媒を用いたC,Dの電池で
は、利用率は向上しているが電圧が低いことがわかる。
そこで従来の高誘電率の溶媒と低粘度の溶媒を組み合わ
せたPCとTHFの混合溶媒を用いた電池Ｅでは、B,C,Dに比
べ電池特性は向上している。しかし、本発明の２−アセ
チル−テトラヒドロフランを溶媒に用いた有機電解質電
池Ａでは、Ｂ〜Ｅに比べ、電圧，利用率ともに向上して
いることがわかる。 2-Acetyl-tetrahydrofuran 3-Acetyl-tetrahydrofuran [Example 1] Lithium having a diameter of 17.5 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was used as a negative electrode. The theoretical filling amount at this time is 247 mAh. For the positive electrode, 100 weight of manganese dioxide and 10 of acetylene black as a conductive agent
0.4 g of a mixture containing 10 parts by weight of a polytetrafluoroethylene resin as a binder was compression-molded into a disk having a diameter of 17.5 mm. The theoretical filling capacity of this positive electrode is 103mAh
Met. The positive and negative electrodes were used to construct the coin battery shown in FIG. 2, and the difference in characteristics due to the difference in organic electrolyte was examined. In FIG. 2, 1 is a positive electrode, 2 is a negative electrode, 3
Is a separator. All 1 as solute of organic electrolyte
Mol / l LiClO 4 was used. As the solvent of the organic electrolyte, the battery using 2-acetyl-tetrahydrofuran of the present invention is A, the battery using the conventional PC, THF, 2-Me-THF is B, respectively.
C and D. Further, as an example of a conventional mixed solvent, a battery using a mixed solvent of PC and THF at a volume ratio of 1: 1 is designated as E. The amount of organic electrolyte in each of the batteries A to E was 200 μl. Fig. 1 shows the discharge characteristics when these batteries were discharged under a load of 100Ω. In Battery B using a conventional PC,
The voltage at the beginning of discharge is high, but the utilization rate is low. Also THF
It can be seen that in the C and D batteries using a low-viscosity solvent such as 2-Me-THF or the like, the utilization rate is improved but the voltage is low.
Therefore, in the battery E using the conventional mixed solvent of PC and THF in which the solvent having a high dielectric constant and the solvent having a low viscosity are combined, the battery characteristics are improved as compared with B, C and D. However, in the organic electrolyte battery A using 2-acetyl-tetrahydrofuran of the present invention as a solvent, both voltage and utilization are improved as compared with B to E.
〔実施例２〕 本実施例では、二次電池に応用した場合について示す。[Embodiment 2] In this embodiment, an application to a secondary battery will be described.
実施例１と同様に電池を構成した。ただし、正極の活物
質には、二酸化マンガンの代りに、二硫化チタンを用
い、合剤配合量，合剤充填量は実施例１と同じである。
したがって正極の理論充填量は80mAhであった。有機電
解質の溶質は、LiClO4の代りに１モル/lのLiAsF6を用い
た。本発明の３−アセチル−テトラヒドロフランを溶媒
に用いた電池をF,PC,THF,2−Me−THF,体積比で1:1のPC
とTHFの混合溶媒を用いた電池を各々G,H,I,Jとする。こ
の電池を10mAの定電流で充放電をくり返した。放電は、
電池電圧が1.2Vになる時点、充電は、2.8Vになる時点で
止めるようにした。第３図には、第３サイクルでの放電
曲線を示す。これより本発明の３−アセチル−テトラヒ
ドロフランを用いた電池は、従来の溶媒を用いたものに
比べ、電圧，利用率ともに向上していることがわかる。A battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 1. However, titanium disulfide was used as the active material of the positive electrode instead of manganese dioxide, and the mixture mixture amount and mixture mixture amount were the same as in Example 1.
Therefore, the theoretical filling amount of the positive electrode was 80 mAh. As the solute of the organic electrolyte, 1 mol / l LiAsF 6 was used instead of LiClO 4 . The battery using the 3-acetyl-tetrahydrofuran of the present invention as a solvent is F, PC, THF, 2-Me-THF, and the volume ratio of PC is 1: 1.
Let G, H, I, and J be the batteries that use a mixed solvent of THF and THF, respectively. This battery was repeatedly charged and discharged at a constant current of 10 mA. The discharge is
Charging was stopped when the battery voltage reached 1.2V and when it reached 2.8V. FIG. 3 shows the discharge curve in the third cycle. From this, it is understood that the battery using 3-acetyl-tetrahydrofuran of the present invention has improved voltage and utilization rate as compared with the battery using the conventional solvent.
発明の効果 以上示したように、本発明の２または３の位置にアセチ
ル基を有するテトラヒドロフランを有機電解質の溶媒に
用いた電池では、高率放電特性に優れている。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the battery of the present invention in which tetrahydrofuran having an acetyl group at the 2 or 3 position is used as the solvent of the organic electrolyte is excellent in high rate discharge characteristics.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の有機電解質電池の放電曲線
図、第２図は特性測定に用いたコイル形電池の断面図、
第３図は二次電池の第３サイクル目の放電曲線図であ
る。 A,F……本発明の一実施例の有機電解質電池、Ｂ〜E,G〜
Ｊ……従来例の電池。FIG. 1 is a discharge curve diagram of an organic electrolyte battery of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coil type battery used for characteristic measurement,
FIG. 3 is a discharge curve diagram of the secondary battery in the third cycle. A, F ... Organic electrolyte battery of one embodiment of the present invention, B to E, G to
J: Conventional battery.
Claims (1)
該有機電解質の溶媒に、２または３の位置にアセチル基
を有するテトラヒドロフランを用いることを特徴とする
有機電解質電池。1. A negative electrode, a positive electrode, and an organic electrolyte,
An organic electrolyte battery, wherein tetrahydrofuran having an acetyl group at the 2 or 3 position is used as a solvent for the organic electrolyte.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61175920A JPH0760704B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Organic electrolyte battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61175920A JPH0760704B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Organic electrolyte battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6332872A JPS6332872A (en) | 1988-02-12 |
| JPH0760704B2 true JPH0760704B2 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
Family
ID=16004558
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61175920A Expired - Lifetime JPH0760704B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Organic electrolyte battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0760704B2 (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-07-25 JP JP61175920A patent/JPH0760704B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6332872A (en) | 1988-02-12 |
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