JPH0763273B2 - Nursery mat - Google Patents
Nursery matInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0763273B2 JPH0763273B2 JP63179982A JP17998288A JPH0763273B2 JP H0763273 B2 JPH0763273 B2 JP H0763273B2 JP 63179982 A JP63179982 A JP 63179982A JP 17998288 A JP17998288 A JP 17998288A JP H0763273 B2 JPH0763273 B2 JP H0763273B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- far
- weight
- polymer
- ceramics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ＜産業上の利用分野＞ 本発明は、遠赤外線を効率よく放射する合成繊維を使用
し、植物の生育を促進する効果のある育苗マツトに関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a seedling raising mat having an effect of promoting the growth of plants by using a synthetic fiber that efficiently radiates far infrared rays.
＜従来の技術＞ 遠赤外線を用いて物体を加熱する場合の特徴としては、
輻射特性が極めて強く、被加熱物体は直接加熱され、中
間に空気層があつても阻害されず、被加熱物体の表面と
内部との熱伝達時間差が少なく、全体がほとんど同時に
加熱されること、および有機高分子化合物に対する加熱
効率が高いことが挙げられる。このような特徴を利用し
て、加熱、乾燥用としての産業用のほか、民生用として
の暖房器具に加えて遠赤外線サウナや温灸器として医療
および保健面などの用途が開発されている。<Prior Art> As a feature of heating an object using far infrared rays,
The radiation characteristics are extremely strong, the object to be heated is directly heated, even if there is an air layer in the middle, it is not disturbed, the heat transfer time difference between the surface and the inside of the object to be heated is small, and the whole is heated almost simultaneously, And high heating efficiency for organic polymer compounds. Utilizing such characteristics, in addition to industrial use for heating and drying, in addition to heating appliances for consumer use, far infrared ray saunas and moxibustion devices have been used for medical and health purposes.
しかし合成繊維とともに使用される育苗マツトはまだ開
発されていない。However, nursery mats for use with synthetic fibers have not yet been developed.
＜本発明の目的＞ 本発明は、植物中の有機化合物および水分が遠赤外線を
吸収し易いことを利用し、これによる温熱効果を利用し
て植物の種子の発芽および幼苗の発育を促進せんとする
ものである。<Object of the present invention> The present invention utilizes the fact that organic compounds and water in plants easily absorb far infrared rays, and promotes the germination of seeds of plants and the growth of seedlings by utilizing the thermal effect. To do.
＜課題を解決するための手段＞ 本発明は、波長1.5μｍ〜25μｍの電磁波の全放射率が5
00℃において0.6以上である粒径１μｍ以下の酸化物セ
ラミックス粒子を５〜35重量％含有する遠赤外線放射性
繊維が熱接着性繊維により接着保形されていることを特
徴とする育苗マットである。<Means for Solving the Problems> In the present invention, the total emissivity of electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of 1.5 μm to 25 μm is 5
A far-infrared radiation fiber containing 5 to 35% by weight of oxide ceramic particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less, which is 0.6 or more at 00 ° C., is bonded and shaped by a heat-adhesive fiber.
まず、本発明における遠赤外線放射性繊維は、植物が６
〜14μｍの波長を中心とする遠赤外線を吸収し易いこと
から、前記のような酸化物セラミツクスからなる遠赤外
線放射性微粉粒子を含むものを用いる。このような繊維
としては前記微粉粒子を繊維に付着または吸着させたも
のあるいは繊維構成ポリマー中に混入したものが使用さ
れる。特に摩擦等により微粉粒子が脱離せず、加工性の
良好な遠赤外線放射性繊維としては、前記微粉粒子がポ
リマー中に混合された繊維として成形された合成繊維が
望ましい。このようにポリマー中に遠赤外線放射性微粉
粒子が混合された繊維は酸化物セラミツクス微粉粒子等
を繊維形成性ポリマー中に配合、分散し、次いで常法に
よつて繊維化する、いわゆる練り込み方法によつて製造
したものが望ましい。この方法によつて、耐久性のある
良好な遠赤外線放射特性を有する合成繊維が容易にしか
も安価に製造される。First, the far-infrared radiative fiber in the present invention has 6 plants.
Since it is easy to absorb far-infrared rays centered at a wavelength of -14 μm, those containing far-infrared radiation fine powder particles made of the above oxide ceramics are used. As such a fiber, one obtained by adhering or adsorbing the fine powder particles to the fiber or one mixed with a fiber constituent polymer is used. In particular, as the far-infrared radiation fiber which does not separate fine powder particles due to friction and has good workability, a synthetic fiber formed by mixing the fine powder particles into a polymer is desirable. In this way, the fibers in which the far infrared radiation fine powder particles are mixed in the polymer are compounded with oxide ceramic fine powder particles or the like in the fiber-forming polymer, dispersed, and then fiberized by a conventional method, a so-called kneading method. It is desirable that it is manufactured. According to this method, a synthetic fiber having good durability and good far-infrared radiation characteristics is easily and inexpensively produced.
本発明で使用する酸化物セラミツクスとしては、波長1.
5〜25μｍの電磁波の全放射率が0.6以上、好ましくは、
0.8以上、さらに好ましくは0.85以上である遠赤外線ヒ
ーター用のセラミツクス粉末であればよい。その例とし
ては、TiO2、SiO2、ZrO2、Cu2O、NiO、Y2O3、V2O5、Fe2
O3などの金属酸化物や粘土に酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニ
ウム、酸化スズなどをはじめとする金属酸化物を添加し
て焼結させたものがあり、具体的にはZrO2−SiO2系セラ
ミツクス、Al2O3−SiO2系セラミツクス、TiO2−Cr2O3系
セラミツクス、Al2O3−（Si,Ti）O2系セラミツクス、
（Al,Fe,B,Cr）2O3−SiO2−（アルカリ金属、アルカリ
土類金属）酸化物系セラミツクスが挙げられる。市販品
の例としてはホトンセラミツク社製の＃101や＃102セラ
ミツクパウダーが挙げられる。酸化物セラミツクスは微
粉砕して粒径を５μｍ以下、好ましくは１μｍ以下にし
て使用するのが望ましい。The oxide ceramics used in the present invention have a wavelength of 1.
The total emissivity of electromagnetic waves of 5 to 25 μm is 0.6 or more, preferably,
Any ceramic powder for far-infrared heaters having a particle size of 0.8 or more, more preferably 0.85 or more may be used. Examples are TiO 2 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Cu 2 O, NiO, Y 2 O 3 , V 2 O 5 , Fe 2
There are metal oxides such as O 3 and clay, and titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, there are those obtained by adding and sintering metal oxides such as tin oxide. Specifically, ZrO 2 -SiO 2 system ceramics, Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 system ceramics, TiO 2 -Cr 2 O 3 based ceramics, Al 2 O 3 - (Si , Ti) O 2 series ceramics,
(Al, Fe, B, Cr) 2 O 3 —SiO 2 — (alkali metal, alkaline earth metal) oxide-based ceramics. Examples of commercially available products include # 101 and # 102 ceramic powder manufactured by Photon Ceramics Co., Ltd. It is desirable that the oxide ceramics be finely pulverized to have a particle size of 5 μm or less, preferably 1 μm or less before use.
練り込み方法としては、酸化物セラミツクスを合成繊維
を形成するポリマーの重合工程で加える方法、マスター
ペレツト化したのちベースポリマーと混練する方法、酸
化物セラミツクスを予めポリマー溶融或いはポリマーと
相溶性のある分散媒や可塑剤などと混合してスラリー状
となした添加組成物を押出機への供給ペレツトに加える
か又は紡糸直前の液状ポリマー流中に加えて、静的或い
は動的混練分散を行なうなどの方法による。配合後は公
知の方法、例えば溶融紡糸法によつて繊維化される。As a kneading method, a method of adding oxide ceramics in a polymer polymerization step for forming a synthetic fiber, a method of kneading with a base polymer after master pelletizing, a method of previously mixing oxide ceramics with a polymer or having compatibility with the polymer Addition composition made into a slurry by mixing with a dispersion medium or plasticizer, etc. is added to the feed pellets to the extruder or added to the liquid polymer stream immediately before spinning to perform static or dynamic kneading dispersion. Method. After compounding, it is made into fibers by a known method, for example, a melt spinning method.
合成繊維を形成するポリマーとしては、ポリエチレン、
ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリビニ
ルアルコール、アクリル系重合体などの合成繊維用のポ
リマーが挙げられる。As the polymer forming the synthetic fiber, polyethylene,
Examples thereof include polymers for synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and acrylic polymers.
合成繊維中の酸化物セラミツクスの含有量は５〜35重量
％、好ましくは８〜28重量％であるのが望ましい。含有
量が５重量％以下では、遠赤外線の放射性能が低く満足
すべき性能は発現しない。一方35重量％を超えると、繊
維化が困難であるばかりでなく繊維性能が劣つてくる。The content of oxide ceramics in the synthetic fiber is 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 8 to 28% by weight. When the content is 5% by weight or less, far infrared radiation performance is low and satisfactory performance is not exhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 35% by weight, not only is it difficult to form fibers, but also the fiber performance becomes poor.
このような遠赤外線放射性合成繊維には、酸化物セラミ
ツクスの他に、酸化防止剤、安定剤、分散助剤、難燃
剤、抗菌剤、着色剤、紫外線吸収剤などの改質剤や機能
性付与物質が包含されていてもよい。In addition to oxide ceramics, such far-infrared radiation synthetic fibers also have modifiers and functionalities such as antioxidants, stabilizers, dispersion aids, flame retardants, antibacterial agents, coloring agents, and ultraviolet absorbers. A substance may be included.
本発明の育苗マツトは、前記のような遠赤外線放射性繊
維を主体とした不織布（およびその積層物）あるいは繊
維集束体から形成されたものである。これらの不織布あ
るいは集束体は、通常の方法によりニードルパンチング
等による絡合、あるいは接着剤、接着性繊維等による接
着により育苗マツトとして形成される。特に接着による
場合、近年多く利用されるようになつた低融点ポリマー
からなるかまたは該ポリマーを複合したような熱接着性
繊維を用いることが望ましい。The seedling raising mat of the present invention is formed of a nonwoven fabric (and a laminate thereof) mainly composed of far-infrared radiation fibers as described above or a fiber bundle. These non-woven fabrics or bundles are formed as seedling mats by entanglement by needle punching or the like by an ordinary method, or by adhesion with an adhesive, an adhesive fiber or the like. Particularly in the case of adhesion, it is desirable to use a heat-adhesive fiber composed of a low melting point polymer which has been widely used in recent years or a composite of the polymer.
本発明においては、遠赤外線放射性繊維が育苗マツトの
主体をなすことが必要であり、該マツト中の繊維は50重
量％以上であることが望ましい。これ以下では温熱効果
が小さく植物の発芽、育生に大きい効果を期待すること
ができない。次に本発明を実施例により具体的に述べ
る。In the present invention, the far-infrared radiation fiber must be the main constituent of the seedling mat, and the fiber content in the mat is preferably 50% by weight or more. Below this, the heating effect is small and a large effect on plant germination and growth cannot be expected. Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
＜実施例＞ 波長1.5〜25μｍの電磁波の全放射率が500℃において0.
8以上の酸化物セラミツクス（ホトンセラミツクス社製
＃101セラミツクパウダー）を微粉砕して得られた１μ
ｍ以下の微粉末と、1,4ブチレングリコールとアジピン
酸よりなる低分子量ポリエステル（分子量約3,000:分散
媒）とからなる重量比が4:1である100℃のスラリーを調
整した。紡糸直前の極限粘度（〔η〕）0.65の溶融ポリ
エチレンテレフタレートに対して前記スラリーを20重量
％定量的に添加してスタテイツクミキサーによつて混練
分散したのち公知の溶融紡糸方法よつて繊維化した。<Example> The total emissivity of electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of 1.5 to 25 µm is 0.5 at 500 ° C.
1μ obtained by finely pulverizing 8 or more oxide ceramics (# 101 ceramic powder manufactured by Photon Ceramics Co., Ltd.)
A 100 ° C. slurry having a weight ratio of 4: 1 composed of a fine powder of m or less and a low molecular weight polyester (molecular weight about 3,000: dispersion medium) composed of 1,4 butylene glycol and adipic acid was prepared. 20 wt% of the slurry was quantitatively added to molten polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity ([η]) of 0.65 immediately before spinning, and the mixture was kneaded and dispersed by a static mixer, and then fiberized by a known melt spinning method. .
得られた繊維の繊度は10dr、強度は2.8g/dr、伸度は25
％でありセラミツクスの含有量は16重量％であつた。繊
維横断面をみたところ、酸化物セラミツクスは、均一に
分散していることがわかつた。The fineness of the obtained fiber is 10dr, the strength is 2.8g / dr, and the elongation is 25.
%, And the content of ceramics was 16% by weight. From the cross section of the fiber, it was found that the oxide ceramics were uniformly dispersed.
このセラミツクス練り込み繊維を75重量％と、芯部がポ
リエチレンテレフタレート、鞘部がイソフタル酸変性ポ
リエチレンテレフタレートからなる芯鞘構造のバインダ
ー繊維（繊度3dr、強度3g/dr、伸度40％）を25重量％と
を混綿した後、カーデイングしウエツブを積層した後、
150℃×１分の熱風処理をし、プレスしてマツトを試作
した。マツトの厚さは10mmであり、目付は1Kg/m2であつ
た。３個のマツトに10Kg/m2の水を含ませてそれぞれに
青じそ、綿花、かいわれだいこんの種をまいて生育状況
をチエツクした。３日後、７日後の種子の生育状況をチ
エツクしたところ、発芽数も顕著に多く生育状況も顕著
に良好であつた。75% by weight of this ceramic kneaded fiber, 25% by weight of a core-sheath binder fiber (thinness 3dr, strength 3g / dr, elongation 40%) consisting of polyethylene terephthalate in the core and isophthalic acid-modified polyethylene terephthalate in the sheath %, And after carding and laminating the web,
Hot matting was performed at 150 ° C for 1 minute and pressed to make a mat. The mat had a thickness of 10 mm and a basis weight of 1 Kg / m 2 . Three mats were soaked with 10 Kg / m 2 of water, and seeds of green perilla, cotton, and radish radish were seeded on the mats to check the growth condition. When the growth conditions of the seeds after 3 days and 7 days were checked, the number of germination was remarkably large and the growth condition was remarkably good.
＜比較例＞ 通常のポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維（10dr）を75重
量％と上記のバインダー繊維を25重量％混綿した同上の
マツトを作つた。そして同様にマツトの厚さを10mmと
し、目付を1Kg/m2とした。３個のマツトに10Kg/m2の水
を含ませて同様に青じそ、綿花、かいわれだいこんの種
をまいて生育状況をチエツクした。３日後、７日後の種
子の生育状況をチエツクしたところ発芽数も少なく、生
育状況は不良であつた。<Comparative Example> A mat of the same type was made by mixing 75% by weight of a normal polyethylene terephthalate fiber (10dr) and 25% by weight of the above binder fiber. Similarly, the thickness of the mat was set to 10 mm and the basis weight was set to 1 kg / m 2 . Three mats were soaked with 10 Kg / m 2 of water, and seeds of green perilla, cotton, and radish radish were also sowed to check the growth status. When the seeds were checked for growth after 3 days and 7 days, the number of germination was small and the growth was poor.
＜発明の効果＞ このように本発明の遠赤外線放射性繊維で作製した育苗
マツトは顕著に発芽を促進し、育苗効果を有する。<Effect of the Invention> As described above, the seedling raising mat produced from the far infrared radiation fiber of the present invention remarkably promotes germination and has a seedling raising effect.
Claims (1)
が500℃において0.6以上である粒径１μｍ以下の酸化物
セラミックス粒子を５〜35重量％含有する遠赤外線放射
性繊維が熱接着性繊維により接着保形されていることを
特徴とする育苗マット。1. A far-infrared radiation fiber containing 5 to 35% by weight of oxide ceramic particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less and a total emissivity of electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of 1.5 μm to 25 μm of 0.6 or more at 500 ° C. is a heat-adhesive fiber. A seedling-growing mat characterized by being adhesively shaped by.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63179982A JPH0763273B2 (en) | 1988-07-18 | 1988-07-18 | Nursery mat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63179982A JPH0763273B2 (en) | 1988-07-18 | 1988-07-18 | Nursery mat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0227925A JPH0227925A (en) | 1990-01-30 |
| JPH0763273B2 true JPH0763273B2 (en) | 1995-07-12 |
Family
ID=16075387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63179982A Expired - Fee Related JPH0763273B2 (en) | 1988-07-18 | 1988-07-18 | Nursery mat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0763273B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3240023B2 (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 2001-12-17 | 新東工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of durable air-permeable type |
| JP4495061B2 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2010-06-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Metal ring circumference correction method and circumference correction apparatus |
| JP5872277B2 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2016-03-01 | 多機能フィルター株式会社 | Functional fiber sheet, greening sheet, greening material filling and greening method |
| CN105265293A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-27 | 梁可文 | Milletia speciosa champ seed rapid propagation method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01289423A (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1989-11-21 | Tomoaki Otsuka | Method for growing plant |
-
1988
- 1988-07-18 JP JP63179982A patent/JPH0763273B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0227925A (en) | 1990-01-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |