JPH0763284B2 - Method for controlling infectious diseases of aquatic animals in ponds and method for controlling pond water pollution - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to treatment of an infectious disease in aquaculture aquatic animals caused by water pollution or the like, in an aquaculture pond, where the infectious disease is likely to occur. The present invention relates to a method for controlling infectious diseases by proliferating bacteria effective for purification of sewage and sewage, and a method for controlling pollution of pond water.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, in aquaculture aquaculture ponds, even if the water flowing into the ponds is not polluted, it is contaminated with organic matter considerably due to overfeeding, which causes a shortage of DC (dissolved oxygen),
Or, it is not uncommon for an infectious disease caused by harmful microorganisms to occur and sometimes cause mass mortality.

Although DC has been replenished by a water wheel and a water sprinkler installed in the pond, it has little effect on the control of infectious diseases, and mass mortality has continued in recent years in the cultivation of grass flies in Taiwan. Microorganisms such as Fusarium solani, various bacteria, and monodon bactovirus (MBV; mono) are the pathogenic microorganisms of the infectious disease.
don bacutovirus) or protozoa such as Vorticella.

Antibiotics and bactericides are also used for controlling infectious diseases, but sufficient effects have not been obtained. In addition, regarding the control of pond water pollution as seen at golf courses, no effective measures are known other than large-scale work such as replacement of pond water.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Since conventional methods cannot effectively control infectious diseases of cultured aquatic animals, the present inventor improves the water quality by changing the biological system including the microorganisms in the aquaculture pond as a drastic measure,
At the same time, it was intended to control pollution of pond water.

[Means for solving problems]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention relates to a dissolved oxygen-increasing water stream generator in an aquaculture pond and a downstream of the water stream, which is capable of retaining microorganisms inoculated with Actinomyces longissimus or Dactylosporandium tylandense. Wood, and a method for controlling an infectious disease of aquatic animals in aquaculture ponds and a method for controlling pollution of pond water, and actinomyces A method for controlling infectious diseases in aquaculture ponds, which comprises throwing Longis simus or Dactylosporandium tylandense into aquaculture ponds where infectious diseases of aquatic animals have occurred.

Examples of aquatic animals that are cultivated in the aquaculture pond include shrimp, crab, salmon, carp, goldfish, eel, and sea bass.

As a dissolved oxygen (DC) increasing water flow generator, it is preferable to use a combination of an air compressor and an ejector, and an ozone generator may be used together if necessary. The generated DO increasing water flow can be guided to a desired position by a submersible pump and a pipe.

The DO increasing water flow may be generated continuously or intermittently depending on the degree of pollution or pollution.

As the porous molding material, one having a large number of fine pores through which air or water can be passed, although it can hold microorganisms.
The size of the pores is generally different, but it is sufficient if the above-mentioned function is obtained as a whole. As such a molding material, for example, a molding material composed of a porous mineral such as zeolite or pearlite, an open-cell foam or fiber of an organic polymer such as polyurethane, polyvinylidene chloride or the like can be used.

The molding material may have a plate shape, a column shape, a frame shape, a donut shape, or a flexible string shape, and a string formed by closely entwining fibers of an organic polymer such as polyvinylidene chloride is preferable. .

The shape and size of the molding material can be selected according to the flow velocity and flow rate of the DO increasing water flow, the distance between the water flow outlet and the molding material, and the like.

When using a plate-shaped molding material, for example, a thickness of 1 to 3 cm,
One or two moldings each having a length of 1 to 2 m in the vertical and horizontal directions may be laminated or arranged so as to block the water flow. The vertical and horizontal surfaces of the moldings are approximately perpendicular to the water flow. However, if desired, they may be arranged parallel or oblique to the water flow.

When the molding material has a plate-like or donut-like shape with a space in the center, it can be used by stacking it on the bottom of a pond.

When the molding material is a flexible string, for example, the string diameter is set to several cm, and the strings are alternately hung up and down alternately on several beams provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hexahedral skeleton made of iron pillars. It is also possible to form a bent string pattern group and install it in the pond.

In an open system such as an aquaculture pond, in order to maintain a preferable microbial phase and concentration, it is necessary that the desired microorganism be immobilized and the microbial membrane formed thereby does not easily peel off. It is necessary that the micro-organisms that form the soil are in an ecologically balanced state.

In the present invention, a porous molding material is used, and since the pores have different sizes, various kinds of microorganisms can coexist, and since the microorganisms enter inside the pores, peeling of the microbial membrane is unlikely to occur.

Moreover, since the DO increasing water flow can be applied to the molding material from a certain direction at a slow speed, a DO concentration gradient is formed, aerobic microorganisms grow in the high DO concentration portion, and facultative anaerobic bacteria in the low concentration portion. It grows and as a result the microbial flora becomes diversified and thickened, the food chain process of complex organisms becomes complicated, water can be purified almost completely, and the amount of sludge generated is small.

Further, for example, the microflora on the molding material can be changed as necessary by adjusting the amount of air blown into the ejector or the flow velocity flowing out from the ejector.

Thus, the action of microorganisms can be used to control pollution and pollution of pond water, control diseases, and clarify pond water.

Actinomyces longis sims (Acti
nomyces longissimus IFO 13055) and Dactylosporundium thailand
Inoculate with actinomycetes such as ense IFO 12593) that are effective against diseases such as flies and fish. As a result, a colony of these bacteria can be formed in the three-dimensional space of the molding material and can coexist with other microbial groups. The above bacteria are listed on the preservation bacteria list of the Fermentation Research Institute.

The above-mentioned actinomycetes can be directly added to the target pond to prevent the occurrence of disease or reduce disease. The required input amount of the bacterium depends on the area of the target pond, the amount of water, and other conditions, but generally 10 ² / is preferable.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.

Example 1 It carried out on the above-mentioned conditions. The Agricultural Commission announced that 95% of the cultured grass flies in Taiwan during this period were killed by disease, but no disease occurred in either of the experimental ponds A and B above.

The transparency of the pond water could be seen to the bottom in pond A, but B
In the pond, a white plate with a diameter of 10 cm can be seen only up to a depth of 70 cm from the surface of the pond, and the water purification effect of the molding material is clear.

In both A and B ponds, the growth of flies was very good, and the average length was 15 cm after 3 months of freezing, and the growth was not delayed by the method of the present invention.

Example 2 Place Tainan County, Taiwan Season March to July Experimental Pond Area of ABC Pond 1ha (approx. 300 tsubo) Depth (water depth) of the same pond 1.5m 〃 〃 Seed buds (body length 2cm) 〃 〃 Release date March 4 〃 〃 Release flow 300,000 〃 〃 Inoculated microorganisms ^* 2 species similar to Example 1 None None DO water flow generator ^** None None Porous material ^*** None None Actinomyces longissimus and dak Tyrosporandium tylandense suspension 31 for each (bacteria 10 ⁸ / ml)
Address: ** Submersible pump 1.2KW 4 units, Compressor 2.2KW 2 units, Ejector 4 inch 4 units *** Same material as Example 1 4 units Tested under the above conditions. A is the method of the present invention, B is the case where the microorganism of the present invention is not used and natural microorganisms are attached to the porous material, and C is the case where neither the microorganism of the present invention nor the porous material is used.

The results are shown in Table 1, and the method of the present invention is overwhelmingly superior to B and C in the number of live fish, average weight and yield after 4 months.

Example 3 Location Tainan County, Taiwan Season March to July Experimental Pond A A Pond area 0.3 ha (approx. 100 tsubo) Depth (water depth) of the pond 1.5 m 〃 Seed bud grass (body length 2 cm) 〃 Release date March 10 〃 Discharge rate 100,000 fish 〃 Input microorganisms ^* 2 types similar to Example 1 None DO water flow generator ^** * Same * Suspension liquid of each of 2 types of bacteria (number of bacteria 10 ⁸ / ml) 31 each ** Submersible pump 1.2KW 2 units, Compressor 2.2KW 1 unit, Ejector 4 inch 2 units Experimented under the above conditions.

A is the method of the present invention, and B is the case where the microorganism of the present invention is not added.

The results are shown in Table 2, and the yield of B was 0. on the other hand,
In the method A of the present invention, although the porous material was not used, the average body weight and the total yield were about 85 as compared with the method A of the present invention using the porous material in Example 2.
% Has been reached.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, in aquaculture aquaculture ponds, it is possible to purify and safely aquaculture by refining pond water pollution due to overspreading of bait or contamination of inflow water while preventing or eliminating the occurrence of diseases. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

A drawing is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which an arrow indicates a water flow direction and each numeral indicates the following. 1 ... Air compressor 2 ... Ozone generator (option) 3 ... Ejector 4 ... Submersible pump 5 ... Porous molding material

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display area C02F 3/10 Z

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A device for increasing a dissolved oxygen flow in aquaculture ponds and a breathable porosity capable of retaining microorganisms inoculated with Actinomyces longissimus or Dactylosporandium tylandense downstream of the water flow generator. A method for controlling infectious diseases of aquatic animals in aquaculture ponds, characterized in that a molding material is installed and an increased oxygen dissolved water flow is applied to the molding material from one direction. 2. A method for controlling infectious diseases in aquaculture ponds, which comprises introducing Actinomyces longissimus or Dactylosporangium tylandense into aquaculture ponds where infectious diseases of aquatic animals have occurred. 3. A dissolved oxygen-increasing water flow generator in a pond and a breathable porous molding material capable of holding microorganisms inoculated with Actinomyces longissimus or Dactylosporandium tylandense downstream of the water flow generator. The method for controlling pond water pollution is characterized in that the dissolved oxygen-increasing water flow is made to act on the molding material from one direction.