JPH0768030B2 - Container handling method for container ships - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of loading and unloading containers between a quay and a docked container ship.

"Prior Art" Conventionally, when cargo handling is performed between a quay and a docked container ship, for example, a container crane as shown in Fig. 8 is used. This container crane 55 is permanently installed on the quay 16, and a horizontal girder 18 is supported by a support leg 17 movable along the quay 16 toward the sea side, and at the tip of the girder 18. The boom 19 is vertically rotatably connected so as to extend its length, and the trolley 20 moving along the girder 18 and the boom 19 is provided with the container suspending device 21. Is provided with a relay stand 56 for receiving the container 4 and an auxiliary girder 57 horizontally arranged above the relay stand 56.
57, container 4 between relay stand 56 and chassis 22 on land
Auxiliary trolley 58 for carrying the above is movably supported.

Then, with the boom 19 of the container crane 55 placed above the container ship 2 docked as shown in FIG. 8, the trolley 20 is placed along the boom 19 and the girder 18.
While reciprocating, the containers 4 on the container ship 2 are lifted one by one and transferred to the relay stand 56, and sequentially transferred from the relay stand 56 to the chassis 22 by the auxiliary trolley 58.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, with such a cargo handling method, as can be seen from FIG. 8, the auxiliary trolley 58 includes the relay stand 56 and the chassis 22.
While traveling a short distance to and from the girder 18
Since the trolley 20 moving along the boom 19 reciprocates over a long distance between the quay 16 and the side end of the container ship 2, the trolley 20 moves above the container 4 on the container ship 2. Time from when the container 4 is lifted to the relay stand 56, when it is returned to the container ship 2 and when it is positioned above the container 4 to be transferred next (hereinafter, one round trip is required). (The time is called cycle time) is longer than the cycle time of the auxiliary trolley 58,
Therefore, the working time as a whole is determined by the cycle time of the trolley 20, which tends to lengthen the time, and the auxiliary trolley 58 has a long waiting time due to the difference between the cycle times of the two trolleys 20 and 58. It will be. In this case, it is possible to increase the traveling speed of the trolley 20, but there is a limit in terms of design and the like. Generally, this type of quayside container crane is designed so that the length of the boom 19 is the maximum width of a so-called Panamax type container ship, and the boom 19 is used for container ships with a wider width. There is also a problem that the efficiency of the work is significantly deteriorated because it does not reach the side edge.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and shortens the container transfer distance borne by the trolley of a container crane to improve the efficiency of the work as a whole, shorten the cargo handling time, and increase the container width. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a container handling method that does not impair the efficiency of cargo handling even in the case of a ship.

"Means for Solving Problems" In the present invention, in addition to the container crane installed on the quay, the container ship is hoisted by a hoist to a position above the deck and travels in the width direction of the container ship. A transfer device and a relay device that has a container cradle that enters the lower position of the hoist and can travel in the width direction of the container ship are installed in advance, and the transfer device allows the container ship to move to the container storage area on the container ship. Aligning in the width direction and transferring the containers up and down to the upper position of the container storage area are performed.Transfer of the containers to and from the transfer device by the relay device and transfer of the containers in the width direction of the container ship are performed. Then, the container crane is used to transfer the container between the relay device and the quay. Adopt a technology to carry out the transfer work with the na crane in parallel and independently.

[Operation] In the cargo handling method of the present invention, the cargo handling work as a whole is divided on the container ship, and is divided into the work on the container ship by the transfer device and the work between the quay by the container crane. By shortening the container transfer distance borne by each of these transfer devices and container cranes, and by moving the relay device each time one container is loaded, the container loading position, etc. of the container storage that changes sequentially due to loading and unloading can be achieved. Accordingly, the container can be relayed at a position where the difference in the cycle time between the transfer device and the container crane is minimized, and the cargo handling time as a whole can be shortened.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the container handling method of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

When carrying out the cargo handling method of the present invention, in addition to the container crane installed on the quay, a relatively small transfer device and a relay device for transferring the container between the container crane and the transfer device. It will be used while being loaded on a container ship.

First, a transfer device, a relay device, and the like used when the loading / unloading method of the present invention is applied to loading / unloading of containers loaded on a deck of a container ship and in a cargo hold are shown in FIGS.
A description will be given based on the figure.

The transfer device 1 has a gate-shaped frame 5 formed to have a size capable of straddling a container 4 loaded on a deck 3 of a container ship 2, and a spreader 6 is mounted on the gate-shaped frame 5. The hoisting machine 7 for moving up and down is fixed, and wheels 8 are provided at the lower ends of the legs of the gate-shaped frame 5. Further, in the container ship 2, rails 10 are laid along the width direction of the container ship 2 on the decks 3 on both sides of the hatch 9, as shown in FIG. The transfer device 1 is mounted so as to straddle and can be driven by a drive mechanism (not shown).

On the other hand, the relay device 11 has a configuration in which wheels 13 are arranged on a container pedestal 12 having a width slightly smaller than the distance between the legs of the portal frame 5 of the transfer device 1, and the rail 10 for the transfer device 1 is provided. It is mounted so as to straddle the hatch 9 on the rail 14 that is laid inside, and can be moved in the width direction of the container ship 2 through between the legs of the portal frame 5. . The pedestal 12 of the relay device 11 may be configured so that the height can be changed and a plurality of containers 4 can be placed, if necessary.

The container crane 15 is a quay in the illustrated example.
A horizontal girder 18 is supported by a support leg 17 movable along 16 toward the sea side, and a boom 19 is vertically rotatable at the tip of the girder 18 so that its length can be extended. A trolley 20 that is continuously provided and moves along the girder 18 and the boom 19 is provided with a suspending tool 21 that suspends the container 4. Of course, the container crane having the relay stand 56 and the auxiliary trolley 58 as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to use 55.

Next, a method of loading and unloading the containers 4 loaded on the deck 3 of the container ship 2 using the transfer device 1, the relay device 11 and the container crane 15 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the boom 19 of the container crane 15 is arranged above the container ship 2 which is docked, and the transfer device 1 and the relay device 11 are mounted on the container ship 2 so that the relay device 11 can be installed. For example, it is arranged at the side end on the quay 16 side of the container ship 2 (left end in FIG. 1). Then, the transfer device 1 is
The relay device 11 lifts the containers 4 on the container ship 2 one by one while reciprocating along the width direction of the container ship 2.
Place it on the cradle 12 of the
The unit 20 reciprocates along the girder 18 and the boom 19 to suspend the container 4 on the cradle 12 and transfer it to the chassis 22 on the quay 16. That is, the work as a whole is divided into two on the container ship 2 and the work of transferring the container 4 to the relay device 11 on the container ship 2 and the relay device
The operation of transferring the container 4 transferred to 11 to the chassis 22 on the quay 16 is performed in parallel. Then, in this case, the relay device 11 also loads the container 4 each time the container 4 is loaded and unloaded according to the loading position of the container 4 in the container storage space on the deck 3, the position of the trolley 20, the transfer device 1, and the like. It is moved in the width direction, for example,
The container 4 received from the transfer device 1 is transferred to the container crane 15
Minimizes the difference between the cycle time until the next container 4 is carried from the current position of the transfer device 1 and the cycle time until the empty trolley 20 returns when the trolley is hung. Try to move it to the position. The container crane 15 moves the transfer device 1 and the relay device 11 in the lengthwise direction of the container ship 2.

In this way, by relaying the containers 4 on the container ship 2, the container transfer distance shared by the container crane 15 and the transfer device 1 is shortened to, for example, about half of the total, and each container 4 is loaded and unloaded. To move the relay device 11 for each and set the optimum relay position according to the loading position of the container 4 in the container storage that changes sequentially due to the cargo handling, to improve the work efficiency as a whole and shorten the cargo handling time. Is something that can be done.

When carrying out such cargo handling work, the transfer device 1 and the relay device 11 may be permanently installed in the container ship 2 or may be permanently installed on the quay 16 and then installed on the container ship 2 docked. It may be mounted by the container crane 15.

Further, when the container is loaded and unloaded by such a method, depending on the structure of the container ship and the like, as shown in FIGS.
It is also possible to use a device as shown. Hereinafter, these devices will be described, but the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which a transfer device and a relay device are mounted on an on-board container crane when loading and unloading containers loaded on the deck and in the hold. This onboard container crane 25 is a container ship 2 near both sides of the deck 3.
It is movably mounted on a rail 26 laid along the length direction of the container ship 2 along the width direction of the container ship 2.
The transfer device 30 including the trolleys 28 and 29 and the relay device 31 are movably suspended. Further, the transfer device 30 is configured to be movable above the cradle 12 suspended by the relay device 31, and the hanger of the container crane 15 is provided above the cradle 12 while avoiding the girder 27. 21 is to be hung.

Similar to the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 4 is an apparatus for loading and unloading containers on the deck and in the hold, but shows an example of a transfer apparatus integrally provided with a relay apparatus. The transfer device 35 is provided in the vicinity of the central portion in the height direction of the portal frame 5 which is the same as the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, with a horizontal rail 36 partially protruding outward. The relay device 11 is mounted on the rail 36. Then, the transfer device 35
When the container 4 is lifted, the relay device 11 is supported on the protruding end of the rail 36 so that the lower part of the spreader 6 is opened, and after the container 4 is lifted, the relay device 11 is lifted.
11 is moved below the spreader 6 and its container 4
After mounting on the pedestal 12, the relay device 11 is moved again onto the protruding end of the rail 36. Also, the container crane 15
When the relay device 11 is arranged on the projecting end of the rail 36, the container 4 on the cradle 12 is received and transferred onto the quay 16. In this case, after the container 4 is lifted by the spreader 6 and placed on the receiving stand 12 of the relay device 11, the current position of the trolley 20 of the container crane 15 at that time and the place where the container 4 to be transferred next is placed. Judging from this, the transfer device 35 is moved to the optimum position when the container 4 on the cradle 12 is delivered to the trolley 20.

FIG. 5 shows a transfer device suitable for loading and unloading the containers in the hold, and the relay device 11 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The transfer device 40 also has a gate-shaped frame 41, and the gate-shaped frame 41 has a height that can cross one container 4 when the container 4 is mounted on the cradle 12 of the relay device 11. It is often formed in a smaller size than the portal frame 5 of the above-mentioned FIG.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a transfer device integrally provided with a relay device when loading and unloading a container in a hold. This transfer device 45 is the same as the portal frame 41 of FIG.
A relay device 47 having a pair of left and right cradle 46 is provided, and the hoisting machine 7 can move in the length direction of the container ship 2 (direction orthogonal to FIG. 6). When the container 4 is suspended by the spreader 6, the pedestal 46 is moved to the gate-shaped frame 41 as shown in FIG.
Left and right outside, and after the spreader 6 has lifted the container 4, the pedestal 46 is placed below the container 4, and after the container 4 is placed on the pedestal 46, the container 4 is placed above it. The hoisting machine 7 is moved so as to open, and the container 4 is hoisted and transferred from above by the container crane 15.

FIG. 7 shows a case where stack cells are provided on the deck of a container ship. The stack cell 50 is equipped with the transfer device 40 and the relay device 11 shown in FIG. The cargo handling is performed while moving along the width direction of the container ship 2.

In the above description, the container 4 loaded on the container ship 2 is transferred to the quay 16 by way of example. However, it goes without saying that the container 4 can be transferred from the quay 16 to the container ship 2 by the reverse procedure.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, according to the container cargo handling method of the present invention, the cargo handling work as a whole is divided on the container ship,
Container transfer work on a container ship by a transfer device,
Since it is divided into container transfer work with the quay by the container crane, the container transfer distance borne by these transfer devices and the container crane can be shortened, and
Since the relay device is moved every time one container is loaded / unloaded, the cycle time required to transfer the container between the transfer device and the container crane is changed according to the container loading position, etc. in the container storage that changes sequentially due to the loading / unloading of the container. You can relay both works at the position where the difference between
The efficiency of the cargo handling work as a whole can be improved and the cargo handling time can be shortened. Further, since the container is transferred using the transfer device and the relay device mounted on the container ship, the container crane can be used even in the case of a container ship having a larger hull width than the existing container crane on the quay. Therefore, the cargo can be effectively handled and the work efficiency is not impaired.

In addition, it is not necessary to process the part of the container crane, and it is possible to maximize the functions of the container crane and improve the cargo handling efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 7 show an example of a transfer device and a relay device used when carrying out the cargo handling method of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is loaded on a deck of a container ship and in a hold. 2 is a front view showing an apparatus used for loading and unloading a container, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example in which a transfer device and the like are mounted on an onboard container crane, and FIG. 4 is a front view showing a transfer device integrally provided with a relay device when loading and unloading containers on the deck and in the hold. FIGS. 5 and 5 are front views showing a device suitable for loading and unloading containers in the hold, and FIG. 6 is a front view showing a transfer device integrally provided with a relay device when loading and unloading containers in the hold. FIG. 7 is a front view showing a device suitable for loading and unloading containers in a container ship having stack cells, and FIG. 8 is a front view of a container crane used in a conventional container loading / unloading method. . 1 ... Transfer device, 2 ... Container ship, 3 ... Deck, 4 ...
… Container, 5 …… Gate frame, 6 …… Spreader,
7 ... Winding machine, 8 ... Wheels, 9 ... Hatch, 10 ...
Rail, 11 …… Relay device, 12 …… Cradle, 13 …… Wheels,
14 …… rail, 15 …… container crane, 16 …… quay,
17 …… Support legs, 18 …… Girder, 19 …… Boom, 20 …… Trolley, 21 …… Suspension, 22 …… Chassis, 25 …… Boat container crane, 26 …… Rail, 27 …… Girder, 28・ 29 ...
… Trolley, 30… Transfer device, 31… Relay device, 35… Transfer device, 36… Rail, 40… Transfer device, 41… Gate frame, 45… Transfer device, 46 …… Cradle, 47 …… Relay device, 48 …… Trolley, 50 …… Stack cell.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A container ship (2) having a trolley (20) for hoisting and transferring a container (4) on a quay (16).
A container crane (15) that movably supports to the upper position of the container ship is installed, and the container ship is lifted by the hoisting machine (7) to a position above the deck (3) to move in the width direction of the container ship. Mounting device (1,3
0,35,40,45) and a relay device (11,31,47) that has a container cradle (12) that can enter the lower position of the hoist and can travel in the width direction of the container ship. Every time, the transfer device aligns the container ship in the width direction with respect to the container storage area on the container ship and moves the container up and down to the upper position of the container storage area. And transfer of the container in the width direction of the container ship,
A container crane is used to transfer a container between a relay device and a quay, and the transfer device, the relay device, and a container crane perform the transfer work independently in parallel. Handling method.