JPH0769343B2 - Ion anemometer - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an ion anemometer for measuring wind speed and the like by ions generated by corona discharge.

[Prior Art] The measurement of wind speed has been diversified, and recently, there has been an interest in anemometers with good responsiveness. In order to improve responsiveness, it is essential that there are no moving parts, and therefore anemometers that utilize various principles have been developed. Ion anemometers also fall into this category and measure wind speed from the movement of a group of ions generated by corona discharge. Various principles have been proposed for the ion anemometer itself.

A conventional ion anemometer is provided with ion collectors facing each other around a corona discharge line and arranged so as to be aligned in the wind flow direction. In this ion anemometer, when the wind speed is zero, the ions emitted from the corona discharge line flow equivalently to the ion collector on the upstream side and the ion collector on the downstream side. Since it is made to flow to the downstream side, the wind speed can be detected by the difference between the current value flowing to the upstream side ion collector and the current value flowing to the downstream side ion collector.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, although this ion anemometer can detect the wind speed, it cannot detect the wind direction, and the ion flow is in the upwind and downwind directions. Therefore, there is a problem that the upstream side ion collector and the downstream side ion collector must be accurately arranged.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ion anemometer capable of detecting a wind speed and a wind direction.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a diameter of about 0.1 mm.
Ion consisting of a corona discharge wire consisting of a tungsten rod and a tungsten rod with a diameter of about 1 mm, which is grounded at equal intervals of 4 to 8 on a circle with a radius of several tens of mm around the corona discharge wire. It has a collector, a high-voltage power supply that applies a DC voltage of several kv between the corona discharge line and the ion collector, and a current detector that detects the current value flowing in each ion collector. It is provided with an arithmetic unit for measuring the wind speed and the wind direction.

[Operation] According to the above configuration, 4 to 8 ion collectors are provided on the circumference centered on the corona discharge line, so that the ions generated by the corona discharge from the corona discharge line are on the circumference. Are generated uniformly in the air conditioner, and are appropriately flowed by the wind to be collected in each ion collector. As a result, the current value of each ion collector can be detected and the wind direction and the wind speed can be obtained from each current value. In this case, the discharge wire has a diameter of about 0.
By forming it with a 1 mm tungsten rod and forming the ion collector with a tungsten rod with a diameter of about 1 mm, there is no bias in corona discharge even if it is used for a long period of time, and these ion collectors are arranged on a circle with a radius of several tens of mm. Since there is little physical resistance, the wind is not obstructed by the ion collector, and accurate wind direction and wind speed can be measured.

[Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertically provided corona discharge line, which is connected to a high voltage power supply 2. 4-10 ion collectors 3 on the circumference centered around this corona discharge line 1
₁ to _N are provided.

Each of the ion collectors 31 to _N includes a lead wire 4
To the ground 5 through each of which the current detectors ₆₁ to _N of the arithmetic unit 7 are connected to the respective lead wires 4. This current detector 6
The detected values of _{1 to N} are respectively input to the arithmetic unit 7, and the arithmetic unit 7 obtains the wind direction and the wind speed.

First, the corona discharge line 1 and the ion collectors 31 to _N are
As shown in FIG. 2, it is held between upper and lower supports 8 and 9 made of an insulating material. The mounting seats 10 and 11 for the corona discharge wire 1 are provided at the centers of the upper and lower supports 8 and 9, and the corona discharge wire 1 is stretched between the mounting seats 10 and 11 and the corona discharge wire 1 is provided.
Ion collectors 31 to _N are provided at substantially equal intervals on a circle centered at. A mark 12 indicating a direction such as north is provided on the lower support 9, and the mark 12 is automatically oriented in a set direction such as north.

The corona discharge wire 1 has a diameter of 0.1 mmφ and an effective discharge length of 3
The ion collector 31 to _N is made of a tungsten wire having a diameter of 0 mm, and the ion collectors 31 to _N are made of a tungsten rod having a diameter of 1 mm and are provided around the corona discharge wire 1 at a radius of 12 mm at intervals of 45 degrees. .

A positive or negative DC high voltage of 4 to several tens KV is applied to the corona discharge line 1 by the high voltage power supply 2.

Each of the ion collectors 31 to _N is provided on the outer periphery of the lower support 9.
Terminal 13 is provided corresponding to
_Are connected to the current detectors ₆₁ to _N via the lead wires 4, respectively, and the detected values are input to the arithmetic unit 7, and the arithmetic unit 7 obtains the wind direction and the wind speed.

When measuring the wind speed, the arithmetic unit 7 has an ion collector group 3 _W located on the windward side of the corona discharge line 1 and an ion collector group located on the leeward side with respect to the wind direction W as shown in FIG.
3 divided into _L, windward ion collector unit 3 _W with the detected current value I _W and the downwind current value detected by the ion collector group 3 _L positioned on the side I _L and the current - voltage exchanger 14 _W, After converting into voltage values V _W and V _L with 14 _L , these voltage values V _W and V _L are subtracted
After subtraction and addition by the adder 16 and the adder 16, respectively, the subtraction value (V _W −V _L ) and the addition value (V _W + V _L ) are divided by the divider 17 (V _W −V _L / V _W + V _L ) and outputs the output V ₀ as a wind speed value. As for the wind direction, the respective ion collectors 31 to _N are appropriately divided into the leeward side and the windward side, and the output V _{0 of the} wind speed value as described above.
The output is obtained from the angle at which the mark 12 has the maximum value, and at the same time, the maximum value is obtained as the wind speed.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

First, the mark of the ion anemometer of the present invention shown in FIG.
Place the mark 12 so that it coincides with a predetermined direction such as north, or use a gyro or the like so that the mark 12 automatically faces the predetermined direction. A high voltage is applied to the corona discharge wire 1 Thereafter, ions generated by ionization to initiate a corona discharge, each ion collector 3 ₁ by an electric field and corona discharge wire 1 is formed between the ion collector 3 _{1 to N} It flows toward _N , but it is made to flow slightly downwind by the wind. Therefore, the current values detected by the ammeters _{61- N} from the ion collectors 31- _N are affected by the wind direction and the wind speed, so that the currents detected by the ammeters _{61- N} from the ion collectors 31- _N are affected. The wind direction and wind speed with respect to the mark 12 can be detected by arithmetically processing the value by the arithmetic unit 7.

Next, the data obtained by actually obtaining the wind speed and the wind direction are shown in FIGS.
It will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 4 shows that the number of ion collectors for the corona discharge line is 4 to 8 and the applied voltage of the corona discharge line 1 is 4 to 10 KV.
It shows the relationship between the applied voltage and the total current value I _W + I _L detected by the ion collector when changed. The figure also shows data when two ion collectors are provided for comparison. As can be seen from the figure, as the number of ion collectors increases, the corona discharge inception voltage decreases, and as the applied voltage increases, the total current value I _W + I _L also increases. Moreover, the change of the total current value was investigated by changing the wind speed and the wind direction variously. The total current value I _W + I _L was 4 to 8 ion collectors.
Although there was no change in the book, it was found that the total current value changed in the case of two books.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the number of ion collectors is set to 8, a wind whose wind speed is known is flowed in the direction of the mark 12, and the applied voltage of the corona discharge line 1 is changed to 5 to 10 KV to change the wind speed. The data obtained by _calculating the change in the output V ₀ is shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 5, when the wind speed increases, the output V ₀ also rises, and it is recognized that the relationship has a constant proportional relationship although there is a deviation in the vicinity of zero wind speed. Further, the output V ₀ decreases as the applied voltage increases, which is considered to be because the electric field strength increases and the Coulomb force increases.

FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the wind speed and the output V ₀ when the wind direction is known in advance, but the actual wind has different wind directions.

FIG. 6 shows changes in the output V ₀ when the applied voltage is changed from 5 to 10 KV, the ion anemometer of the present invention is rotated with respect to the wind direction, and the angle θ of the mark 12 with respect to the wind direction is changed. . In the figure, when θ = π / 2, the position of the mark 12 is in a state of facing upwind as shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the polarity of the output V ₀ is different with respect to the rotation angle,
At θ = π / 2 and θ = −π / 2, the maximum sine change occurs.
Therefore, in order to obtain the wind direction, the current value at the ion collector is appropriately divided into the windward side and the leeward side to obtain each output V ₀ , the maximum value is obtained, and the angle for each group at the maximum value is obtained. , The wind direction can be obtained, and the maximum output value can be obtained as the wind speed.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.

(1) By providing 4 to 8 ion collectors on the circumference around the corona discharge line, the wind speed and the wind direction can be accurately measured.

(2) Since there are no moving parts with respect to the wind and the ion collector is arranged within the circumference of a radius of several tens of millimeters, an anemometer with good response can be obtained.

(3) By forming the discharge line with a tungsten rod with a diameter of about 0.1 mm and forming the ion collector with a tungsten rod with a diameter of about 1 mm, there is no bias in corona discharge even after long-term use, and a radius of several tens. Since these ion collectors are arranged on the circumference of mm, the physical resistance is small, so that the wind is not obstructed by the ion collector, and the accurate wind direction and speed can be measured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view, Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing details of the arithmetic unit in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between an applied voltage and a collected ion current in the present invention, and Fig. 5 is a wind speed in the present invention. And FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output of the arithmetic unit and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the wind direction and the output. In the figure, 1 is a corona discharge wire, 3 is an ion collector, 6 is an ammeter, and 7 is an arithmetic unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A corona discharge wire made of a tungsten rod having a diameter of about 0.1 mm, and a radius of about ten and more around the corona discharge wire.
Ion collector consisting of 4 to 8 tungsten rods with a diameter of about 1 mm, which are grounded at equal intervals on the circumference of mm, and a high-voltage power supply that applies a DC voltage of several kv between the corona discharge line and the ion collector. And an ion wind speed having a current detection unit for detecting a current value flowing in each of the ion collectors, and an arithmetic unit for measuring a wind speed and a wind direction from the detected current value of the current detection unit. Total.