JPH0769685B2 - Electronic stringed instrument - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to setting a sounding timing of an electronic string instrument, and more particularly to a technique of setting a sounding timing based on a change in an amplitude value of vibration generated in a string during plucking.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as an electronic string instrument of this type, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 99790 is known. The electronic stringed instrument disclosed in this publication supplies ultrasonic waves to a string and makes contact with the string based on the time interval from the transmission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the echo of the ultrasonic wave reflected by the frets in contact with the string. Determine which frets are playing. When the frets contacting the strings are determined in this way, the tone signals necessary for generating the tone of the pitch corresponding to the frets are synthesized when the plucked string whose amplitude is equal to or greater than a certain value is detected, and the sound system Generates a musical tone of the specified pitch on the frets that come into contact with the strings.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned electronic stringed instrument, a musical tone is generated when a vibration having an amplitude of a certain value or more is generated based on the plucked string of the performer. There is a problem in that the plucking timing cannot be set accurately because the plucking timing may be different from the plucking timing set by the player during the performance.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic stringed instrument capable of accurately detecting plucked strings.

[Means for Solving Problems] The inventor of the present application observed the amplitude of the string vibration due to the plucked string, and found that the amplitude value of the string vibration drastically changed during plucked string.

The invention of the present application was made based on the above findings.
As shown in the figure, the gist thereof is a string 3 stretched on a musical instrument main body 2 having a pitch designating portion 1 and a string 3 which is pressed by the pitch designating portion 1 when a pitch is designated, and a string 3 Position discriminating means 4 for giving a sound wave to discriminate the position of the pitch designating portion 1 with which the string 3 comes into contact based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave, and plucking detecting means for detecting a plucked string based on the string vibration of the plucked string. 5 and a musical tone generating means 6 for generating a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the position of the pitch designating portion 1 discriminated by the position discriminating means 4 at the time of plucking the string at a volume corresponding to the strength of the plucking. In the electronic string instrument having the above, the plucked string detection means 5 detects the maximum amplitude value within the time interval at regular time intervals.
And a maximum amplitude value in a preceding time interval and a maximum amplitude value in a time interval subsequent to the preceding time interval are compared, and a plucked string is detected when a predetermined increase is detected between these maximum amplitude values. The plucking recognition means 8 which recognizes that the maximum amplitude value of the subsequent time interval is compared with the maximum amplitude value of the subsequent time interval, and when a predetermined attenuation is detected between these maximum amplitude values, the above-mentioned Having a sound generation instruction means 9 for sending a sound generation instruction to the musical sound generation means 6 [Operation of the Invention] When the electronic stringed instrument according to the above configuration is played, the performer plays the string 3
While pressing the pitch designating part 1, pluck a string and play. When the player presses the string 3 on the pitch designating section 1, the position discriminating means 4 judges the contact position between the string 3 and the pitch designating section 1 and sends information on the contact position to the musical tone generating means 6. On the other hand, when plucking is performed, the maximum amplitude value detecting means 7 detects the maximum amplitude value within the time interval at regular time intervals, and the information concerning the maximum amplitude value is given to the plucking recognition means 8 and the sounding instructing means 9. And send to. The plucking recognition means 8 sequentially compares the maximum amplitude value in the preceding time interval and the maximum amplitude value in the time interval subsequent to the preceding time interval, and a predetermined increase is detected between these maximum amplitude values. When plucked, the plucked string is recognized and the plucked string is notified to the pronunciation instructing means 9. Based on the notification from the plucking recognition means 8,
The tone generation instruction means 9 sequentially compares the maximum amplitude value of the subsequent time interval with the maximum amplitude value of the subsequent time interval, and when a predetermined attenuation is detected between these maximum amplitude values, the musical tone is generated. A sounding instruction is sent to the means 6.

Based on the sounding instruction, the musical tone generating means 6 generates a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the contact position at a volume corresponding to the strength of the plucked string.

[Embodiment] Schematic Configuration of Electronic String Instrument FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 21 is a guitar body, and six strings 23, 2 having different diameters are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the guitar body 21.
5, ... are stretched in parallel with each other. Each string 23,25,
The piezoelectric element 27,29, ... is fixed to the guitar body 21 on the tail piece side so as to contact the corresponding string 23,25 ,. In the vicinity of, electromagnetic pickups 31, 33, ... Are fixed corresponding to the strings 23, 25 ,. Further, bend sensors 35, 37, ... Are connected between the piezoelectric elements 27, 29, .. and the electromagnetic pickups 31, 33 ,.
It is fixed to the guitar body 21 corresponding to 23,25, ..., and these bend sensors 35,37, .. bend effect on the musical sound generated by detecting the bend amount of the strings 23,25 ,. Is given. On the other hand, on the neck side of the guitar body 21, there are a plurality of, typically 24 frets 39, 41, ..., 43, 45 currently 23, 25 ,.
The strings 3, 25, ... are pressed at a right angle to the fret 39, 41 ,.
・ Contact with 43, 45.

These piezoelectric elements 27,29, ... and electromagnetic pickups 31,33,
.. and the bend sensors 35, 37, .. and the switch group 59 are connected to a bus system 63 via an interface 61, and the bus system 63 has a central processing unit (CP).
U) 65, program memory 67, register group 69, various tables 71, and tone generator 73 (TG) are further connected. The program memory 65 is composed of a read-only memory, and is shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 and 16 to 18.
Instructions for implementing the algorithm shown in each program of FIGS. 20 to 24 are held. Further, the register group 69 is composed of a read / write memory at any time, and rewritably holds various data described later. On the other hand, each table 71 is composed of a read-only memory, and stores fixed data that is referred to when the above program is executed. The tone generator 73 is supplied with data from the central processing unit 65 to form a musical tone signal, and the musical tone signal is supplied to a sound system 75 including an amplifier and a speaker to generate a musical tone. The circuit shown in FIG. 2 further includes a clock generation circuit 77, which is 1K.
A timer clock of Hz is supplied to the central processing unit 65 and the interface 61. The central processing unit 65 generates a timer interrupt when the timer clock is applied, and executes the program shown in FIG. On the contrary,
When the interface 61 receives the supply of the timer clock CK, the interface 61 holds the maximum amplitude value of the string vibration for every 1 msec, and prepares for access from the central processing unit 65. The latching of the maximum amplitude value of the string vibration will be described later in detail with reference to FIG.

Detailed Configuration of Interface 61 Next, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG.
The detailed configuration of will be described. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an ultrasonic wave generation circuit and an ultrasonic wave propagation time measurement circuit, and FIG. 4 shows the timing of main signals appearing in FIG. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a circuit for detecting the maximum value of the chord amplitude for each mesc. Further, FIG. 6 shows a circuit for processing the bend amount supplied from the bend sensor.

First, an ultrasonic wave generating circuit and a propagation time measuring circuit will be described with reference to FIGS. Although these circuits are provided for each piezoelectric element 27, 29, ..., Only the piezoelectric element 27 will be described below.

As described above, the clock generation circuit 77 generates the timer clock CK every 1 msec (see FIG. 4 (A)), and the timer clock is supplied to the monostable multivibrator (MM1) 79 of the interface 61 and the timer clock CK is supplied. C
Drive pulse P1 rising at the leading edge of K is generated (4th
See FIG. The drive pulse P1 is amplified by the constant current amplifier 81 and then supplied to the piezoelectric element 27. As a result, the piezoelectric element 27 mechanically vibrates at a high frequency (hereinafter, this high frequency vibration is referred to as an ultrasonic wave BR), and this ultrasonic wave BR is transmitted to the string 23. The ultrasonic wave BR transmitted to the string 23 propagates through the string 23, and the player desires the pitch to be specified by the performer.
When pressed against the neck of 21, the ultrasonic wave BR is reflected by the frets 39, 41, ..., 43 or 45 that are in contact with the string 23 and produces an echo EC. The echo EC propagates again through the string 23 and is converted into an electric signal (hereinafter referred to as an echo signal) by the piezoelectric element 27 (see FIG. 4 (C)). This echo signal is supplied to the analog gate 83, but since the analog gate 83 is turned off only during the existence period of the inhibition signal DS (see FIG. 4 (D)) from the monostable multivibrator (MM2), the echo signal is Is on at the time of arrival, the echo signal passes through the analog gate 83 and is supplied to the peak hold circuits 87 and 89 (see FIG. 4 (E)). The peak hold circuit 87 samples the echo signal in response to the 100 KHz timing signal and supplies it to the analog comparator 91. This analog comparator 91
Is a threshold supply circuit composed of a register holding a digital threshold value (echo threshold data, transferred from the register group 69) and an analog-digital converter (hereinafter referred to as A / D converter). The analog threshold value supplied from 93 is compared with the instantaneous value of the echo signal output from the peak hold circuit 87 every 1/100 msec, and the high period during which the instantaneous value of the echo signal exceeds the analog threshold value Echo detection signal ED that shifts to level rise detection circuit
95 and the fall detection circuit 97 respectively (4th
(See FIG. (F)). Therefore, the rising edge detection circuit 95 detects the leading edge of the echo detection signal ED and generates the first count end pulse P2 (see FIG. 4 (G)). On the other hand, the fall detection circuit 97 detects the fall of the echo detection signal ED and generates the second count end pulse P3 (see FIG. 4 (H)). On the other hand, the peak hold circuit 89 detects the maximum value of the echo signal and outputs the maximum value to the A / D converter 99.
Is converted to a digital value by the echo signal and the echo level data ECHLVL is returned in response to the latch signal supplied from the delay circuit 100.
It is stored in the register 101 as S.

In parallel with the processing related to the echo signal, preparations are made for timing the propagation time. That is, the flip-flops 103 and 105 reset by the preceding echo detection signal
When the timer clock CK is supplied to the flip-flops 103 and 105, the AND gates 107 and 109 are set.
One of the inputs is at a high level (Fig. 4 (I),
(See (J)). As a result, AND gate 107,
109 passes a 2MHz clock pulse and counters 111,1
13 starts counting the clock pulse supplied from the AND gate as the count pulse CNT. Therefore, the counters 111 and 113 count the count pulse CNT that is supplied during the period from the generation of the drive pulse P1, that is, the generation of the ultrasonic wave to the time when the rising edge detection circuit 9 and the falling edge detection circuit 97 reset the flip-flops 103 and 105, respectively. 4 (K), (L)). In other words, the counter
111 indicates the number of count pulses supplied from the generation of ultrasonic waves to the leading edge of the echo pulse, and counter 113 counts the number of count pulses supplied from the generation of ultrasonic waves to the trailing edge of the echo pulse. Will be done. The count values held in these counters 111 and 113 are added by the adder circuit 115, and then the echo count data ECH is added.
It is supplied and held in the register 117 as CNTS.

Next, a circuit for detecting the maximum value of the chord amplitude every 1 msec will be described with reference to FIG. Although this circuit is also provided for each electromagnetic pickup 31, 33, ..., Only the circuit provided for the electromagnetic pickup 31 will be described below.

In FIG. 5, the waveform of the analog electric signal output from the electromagnetic pickup 31 is similar to the waveform of the string vibration during plucking, and this analog electric signal is sampled at the sampling clock of 30 KHz and the A / D converter is used. Supplied to 119. The A / D converter 119 converts the instantaneous peak value of the analog electric signal into a digital value, and the absolute value extraction circuit 121 removes the sign bit thereof to obtain an absolute value (hereinafter, simply referred to as a digital peak value). This digital peak value is registered in register 123.
And the input terminal of the comparator 125 in parallel, and the output terminal of the register 123 is supplied in parallel to the other input terminal of the comparator 125 and the register 127. Therefore, after the register 123 is reset by the delay signal of the timer clock CK (formed by the delay circuit 129), the digital peak value sequentially supplied is latched, and the latched digital peak value is sequentially supplied. The high value is compared with the comparator 125. If the comparator 125 determines that the newly supplied digital peak value is larger than the digital peak value latched in the register 123, the comparator 125
The 125 sends a latch signal to the register 123, and the new digital peak value is held in the register 123. When rewriting the digital peak value based on the comparison result continues for 1 msec, the maximum digital peak value for the 1 msec remains in the register 123, and the maximum digital peak value is latched in the register 127 in response to the timer clock CK. Therefore, the register 127 holds the maximum digital peak value for the preceding 1 msec for the following 1 msec.
The digital crest value therein is read by the central processing unit 65 as the maximum crest value data PICKUPS as described later. The register 123 is reset by the delay signal of the timer clock CK after the register 127 latches the maximum digital peak value.

Next, a circuit for processing the bend amount will be described. This circuit is also provided for each of the bend sensors 35, 37, ... However, in the following description, only the circuit attached to the bend sensor 35 will be described. In FIG. 6, the bend sensor 35 is composed of a light emitting element 131, a light receiving element 133, and a shield plate 135 that changes the optical path area 134 with the movement of the strings 23, and the amount of light that changes with the movement of the shield plate 135 is The light receiving sensor 133 converts the digital light amount value by the A / D converter 137, and the digital light amount value is held in the register 139 as bend data BENDS. This bend data BENDS
The relationship between the rotation angle and the rotation angle of the shield plate 135 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. When the string 23 is in the neutral state, the shield plate 135 is substantially perpendicular to the string 23 as shown in FIG. 7 (A), and the optical path area 134 is approximately halved. The bend data value BENDS at this time is adjusted to be 40 (40 _H ) in hexadecimal. On the other hand, when the string 23 is tilted to the left, the optical path area becomes the maximum as shown in FIG. 7 (B), and the bend data BENDS at this time becomes 7F _H , while the string 23 is on the right. The optical path area 134 becomes the minimum when it is turned over, and the bend data BENDS becomes 00 _H. Therefore, bend data BE
NDS will change in response to movement of the left and right chord between 00 _H ~7F _H.

The use of the switches included in the switch group 59 connected to the switch interface 61 included in the switch group will be specifically described. The switch group 59 includes a main switch, a legato switch, a left hand switch, an initialization switch, a tone color selection switch, a volume selection switch, and a bend curve selection switch. The main switch is a switch used for starting and stopping the electronic stringed instrument.When the electronic stringed instrument is started by operating the main switch, a main switch-on event is detected by the central processing unit 65, and is shown in FIG. Execution of the main routine program is started. The legato switch is a switch for whether or not to impart legato to continuous musical sounds, and alternately determines whether legato is imparted or not for each legato switch on event. When legato is applied, the pitch of a plurality of musical tones is gradually changed without repeating the attack. That is,
When the fret is changed by operating the legato switch and the fret is changed (t1, t2), the envelope of the musical sound repeats the attack and repeats the plucking as shown in Fig. 8A, B, C. When it is a string, it decays rapidly. However, when the fret is changed after plucking the string without the legato by operating the legato switch, the pitch of the musical tone is continuously changed without being rapidly attenuated during plucking as shown in FIG. 8D. . In this case, the tone volume does not change. On the other hand, the left hand switch also determines the presence or absence of the left hand mode by the same operation. In the left hand mode, when the player presses the strings 23, 25, ... On the frets 39, 41, .., 43, 45, a musical tone is generated at a constant volume without plucking.

Therefore, the player can play the electronic stringed instrument with only one hand, usually the left hand. The initialization switch is a switch used when resetting various data that was initialized at the time of the main switch ON event.
The subroutine program executed in the initialization mode shown in FIGS. 11 to 11 is executed again. This initialization switch-on event will be described in detail in the description relating to FIG. The tone color selection switch is a switch used when selecting a tone color of a musical tone generated by an electronic stringed instrument, and in this embodiment, in addition to the tone color of an electric guitar, a tone color selection switch is used for tone colors of various musical instruments and electronic synthesized sounds. Can be generated based on the choice of The volume selection switch is a switch for selecting the volume of a musical tone generated by an electronic stringed instrument, and it is possible to collectively select the entire six strings or adjust the volume balance for each string. The bend curve selection switch is a switch for selecting the locus of the pitch change of the musical sound when the string is bent, and in the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, there are three types of loci, E, F, and G. A desired trajectory can be selected from. That is, when the string in the neutral state (40 _H ) is tilted to the left side (7F _H ) or the right side (00 _H ) as described with reference to FIGS. 7B and 7C, the locus E is selected. The pitch of the musical sound becomes constant after abruptly changing to the middle, but when the locus F is selected, the pitch of the musical sound changes constantly over the entire width of the neck. On the other hand, when the locus G is selected, the pitch of the musical sound changes gradually at first and then changes sharply. Therefore, the player can operate the bend curve selection switch to select the locus of the pitch suitable for the musical impression.

Data Held in Register Group Next, Table 1 shows data held in the register group 69 and used for executing a program to be described later in detail.

Various Tables The various tables shown in FIG. 2 include the following.

(1) BENDCNV: a table for converting the output values of the bend sensors 35, 37, ... To the pitch change amount of the musical tone, and is represented by BENDCNV (BEND) according to the bend sensor data BEND. It is used when the pitch change data calculation subroutine shown in FIG. 18 is executed.

(2) FKCNV: This is a table that holds the key code FKCNV (FRET) corresponding to the fret number data FRET for each string, and is used when the key-on subroutine shown in FIG. 22 is executed. The correspondence between the fret position and the key code for each string is shown in Appendix 1, and the correspondence between the key code and the key is shown in Appendix 2.

(3) RNGR, RNGL: Right and left limit values of the virtual bend amount, these limit values are set for each fret position,
For example, it is represented by RNGR (FRET). This is because the width of the neck portion becomes narrower as it approaches the 0th fret and is not constant. It is used when the pitch change data calculation subroutine shown in FIG. 18 is executed.

_{(4) 1 0 ~1 24,} 1 BEND: distance from bottom piece to each fret, and from the bottom piece to the bend sensor. Specific values are shown in Appendix 3.

Main Routine Program First, the main routine program executed by the central processing unit 65 will be described with reference to FIG. When the main switch of the electronic stringed instrument is turned on, the central processing unit 65 sequentially executes steps P1 and P2 with the timer interrupt disabled, and initializes the registers described below. That is, the data value “0” is set to the count data N and the accumulated value data SUM, and the data value of the mode data MODE is set to “1” (step P1). Therefore, when the timer interrupt is released, the electronic stringed instrument enters the initialization mode based on the data value "1" of the mode data MODE. In the following step P2, the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT, key-on trigger data ONTRG, preceding peak value data OPCK, pickup maximum value data PEAK, mute count data MUTECNT, fret position data NFRET, and key code data OKC are set to "0". Set. Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 releases the timer interrupt prohibition and enables the interrupt based on the timer clock CK (step P3). Therefore, after step P3, the timer interrupt becomes possible, and at the time of the timer interrupt, various subroutine programs described later with reference to FIG. 11 are executed. However, at the end of the subroutine program executed by the timer interruption, the main routine program is returned to and the execution is continued. Therefore, the following description of the main routine program will be continued assuming that the timer interrupt has not occurred.

When the timer interrupt is released as described above, the central processing unit 65 reads the mode data MODE from the register group 69 and determines whether the data value is "0" (step P4). Mode data MODE data value is "0"
Otherwise (N), the electronic string instrument is in the default value setting mode,
The central processing unit 65 repeats step P4 and waits for switching to the performance mode. As described above, since the data value of the mode data MODE is set to "1" in step P1 in the main switch-on event of the electronic string instrument,
The central processing unit 65 waits for the end of the subroutines P200, P300, P400 for setting the initial value while repeating step P4. However, when the initial value setting is completed and the initial value setting mode is switched to the performance mode, the determination result of step P4 is "Yes" (Y), so that the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P5 to proceed to the legato switch on event. Whether or not it has occurred is determined (step P5). When detecting the occurrence of the legato switch-on event in step P5, the central processing unit 65 switches the data value of the legato state data LGT from "0" to "1" or vice versa ("LGT ← 1.
-LGT "calculation (step P6)). After that, it is determined in step P7 whether or not a left hand switch on event has occurred. When the non-occurrence of the legato switch-on event is detected in step P5, the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step
Without executing P6, the process proceeds to step P7, and it is determined whether or not the left hand switch on event is detected. When the left hand switch on event is detected in step P7, the data value of the left hand mode data LEFT is set to "0".
To "1" or vice versa ("LEFT ←
1-LEFT "calculation (step P8)). After that, the process proceeds to step P9, and other processes such as tone color selection and volume selection are executed. On the other hand, when it is determined in step P7 that the left hand switch on event has not occurred, the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P9 without executing step P8. After this, the central processing unit 65 determines in step P10 whether or not there is an initialization switch-on event, and when the initialization switch-on event occurs (Y), timer interrupt is again prohibited (step P11).
Returning to 1, the initialization routine including steps P1, P2, P3, P4, P200, P300 and P400 is executed. On the other hand, when the initialization switch-on event is not detected in step P10, the process returns to step P5, and thereafter, steps P5 to
Deal with the timer interrupt while repeatedly executing the process configured by P10.

Timer interrupt processing routine As described above, the clock generation circuit 77 generates the timer clock CK at intervals of 1 msec.
When a timer interrupt based on the timer clock CK occurs during P4 to P10, the central processing unit 65 executes the timer interrupt processing routine shown in FIG. 11 in response to the timer clock CK. In addition, the following explanation is for string 23
However, since the other 5 strings are the same,
It can be processed in parallel by time division.

When a timer interrupt occurs, the central processing unit 65 reads the mode data MODE from the register group 69 and judges the value (P100). If the data value of the mode data MODE is "0", the performance mode processing described later is performed. If the mode data MODE has a value of "1", "2" or "3", the subroutines (P200, P300, P400) described below are executed. In the case of this embodiment, the initial value setting mode of the subroutines P200, P300, P400 is configured.

First, the case where the data value of the mode data MODE is “1” will be described. As described above, since the mode data MODE is set to "1" in step P1 of the main routine program, the judgment in step P100 is not made at the time of the timer interrupt after the occurrence of the main switch-on event or the occurrence of the initialization switch-on event. The mode data value becomes "1". Therefore, the central processing unit 65 executes the bend sensor initialization subroutine shown in FIG.

Bend Sensor Initial Setting Subroutine When the bend sensor initial setting subroutine is started, the central processing unit 65 reads the bend data BENDS from the register 139 (step P201), and sends the bend data BENDS to the register group as bend sensor data BEND ( Step P202). After that, the central processing unit 65 reads the accumulated value data SUM and adds the value of the bend sensor data BEND to the value of the accumulated value data SUM (step P203). At the time of the first processing, since the value of the accumulated value data is "0" (see step P1), the accumulated value data SUM is the bend sensor data BEN.
It has the same value as D. Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 increments the count data N by "1" (step P204), and then determines whether or not the value of the count data N reaches "16" (step P205). While the determination result in step P205 is NO (N), the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine and the main routine program, and waits for the timer interrupt to occur again.

When the timer interrupt is generated again, the data value of the mode data MODE is still "1", so the central processing unit 65
Executes a bend sensor initialization subroutine, and repeats steps P201 to P205. In this way, the central processing unit 65 has the function of registering each time a timer interrupt occurs.
While reading the bend data BENDS from 139 and adding this to the accumulated value data SUM, the value of the count data N is "1.
Repeat steps P201 to P205 until "6" is reached. Therefore, when the value of the count data SUM reaches “16”, the accumulated value data is the bend data BEND for 16 times.
It is the cumulative value of S. Therefore, the central processing unit 65 divides the value of the cumulative value data SUM by “16”, and from the quotient, “40 _H ”.
Is subtracted to calculate the correction value BENDI of the bend data BENDS and sent to the register group 69 (step P206). After this,
The central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P207, resets the value of the count data N and the value of the accumulated value data SUM to "0", respectively, and sets the value of the mode data MODE to "2" at the subsequent step P208 to bend the data. The sensor initialization subroutine ends.

Echo level initial setting subroutine As described above, the mode data MODE is set to "2" before the end of the bend sensor initial setting subroutine, so when the timer interrupt occurs after the end of the bend sensor initial setting subroutine, the steps of the timer interrupt processing routine are executed. The determination result of P100 is to request execution of the echo level initialization subroutine, and the central processing unit 65 executes the echo level initialization subroutine shown in FIG. In the echo level initialization subroutine, first,
The central processing unit 65 outputs the echo level data E from the register 101.
Read CHLVLS (step P301) and send it to register group 69 as reception level data ECHLVL (step P301)
P302). After that, the central processing unit 65 determines that the accumulated value data SU
Read M, and receive level data in the value of accumulated value data SUM
The value of ECHLVL is added (step P303). At the time of the first processing, the value of the cumulative value data is "0" (step
(Refer to P207) Cumulative value data SUM is reception level data ECHLVL
Same value as. Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 increments the count data N by "1" (step P304), and thereafter determines whether or not the value of the count data N reaches "16" (step P305). While the determination result in step P305 is NO (N), the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine and the main routine program, and waits for the timer interrupt to occur again.

When the timer interrupt occurs again, the data value of the mode data MODE is still "2", so the central processing unit 65
Executes the echo level initialization subroutine, and repeats steps P301 to P305. In this way, the central processing unit 65 has the function of registering each time a timer interrupt occurs.
The echo level data ECHLVLS is read from 101, and while adding this to the accumulated value data SUM, steps P301 to P305 are repeatedly executed until the value of the count data N reaches "16". Therefore, the value of the count data SUM is "1.
When reaching 6 ”, the cumulative value data is the cumulative value of the echo level data ECHLVLS for 16 times. Therefore, the central processing unit 65 divides the value of the cumulative value data SUM by “16” to calculate the open string level data ECHLVLI and sends it to the register group 69 (step P306).

After that, the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P307 to calculate the mute threshold data MUTE. That is, the open string level data ECHLVLI is multiplied by 0.7 and sent as mute threshold data MUTE to the register group 69. continue,
The central processing unit 65 calculates the echo threshold data THLVL (step P308). In this embodiment, the echo threshold data THLVL is 0.2 times the open string level data ECHLVLI, and the central processing unit 65 echoes. Threshold data THLVL
Is calculated and then sent to the register group 69. In this way, when the echo threshold data THLVL is held in the register group 69, the central processing unit 65 causes the echo threshold data THLVL to
L is transferred to the register of the threshold supply circuit 93 to be used for discrimination between echo signal and noise in the performance mode (step P3
09). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 resets the count data N and the cumulative value data SUM to "0" (step P310), and thereafter sets the mode data MODE to "3" and terminates the echo level initial setting subroutine. .

Fret position calculation subroutine As described above, since the mode data MODE is set to "3" before the echo level initial setting subroutine ends, when a timer interrupt occurs after the echo level initial setting subroutine ends, step P100 of the timer interrupt processing routine. The result of the judgment is to request execution of the fret position calculation subroutine, and the central processing unit 65 executes the fret position calculation subroutine shown in FIG. In the fret position calculation subroutine, first, the central processing unit
The 65 reads the echo count data ECHCNTS from the register 117 (step P401) and receives it as the reception count data EC.
It is sent to the register group 69 as HCNT (step P402).
After that, the central processing unit 65 reads the accumulated value data SUM and sets the received count data ECHCN to the value of the accumulated value data SUM.
The value of T is added (step P403). At the time of the first processing, the value of the cumulative value data is “0” (step P310
), Accumulated value data SUM is reception count data ECHCNT
Same value as. Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 increments the count data N by "1" (step P404), and thereafter determines whether or not the value of the count data N reaches "16" (step P405). While the determination result in step P405 is NO (N), the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine and the main routine program, and waits for the timer interrupt to occur again.

When the timer interrupt is generated again, the data value of the mode data MODE is still “3”, so the central processing unit 65
Executes the fret position calculation subroutine and repeats steps P401 to P405. In this way, the central processing unit 65 causes the register 117 to register each time a timer interrupt occurs.
The echo count data ECHCNTS is read from, and while adding this to the accumulated value data SUM, steps P401 to P405 are repeatedly executed until the value of the count data N reaches "16". Therefore, the value of the count data SUM is "1.
When it reaches “6”, the cumulative value data is the cumulative value of the echo count data ECHCNTS for 16 times. Therefore,
The central processing unit 65 divides the value of the accumulated value data SUM by “16” to calculate the open string count data ECHCNTI and register 6
9 (step P406).

After that, the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P407 and sets the fret count data i to "0". Next, the central processing unit 65 calculates the fret boundary data CNTTHi (step P408). That is, the frets are piezoelectric elements 27, 29, ... from the 0th fret 39 (F0) where ultrasonic waves are reflected when the string is open.
· Fret numbers as shown in Figure 15 toward
F0, F1, ..., Fi, ..., F23, F24 are added. The piezoelectric elements 27 and 29, when the distance 1 ₀ from ... 0 th fret 39 (F0), i-th fret boundary data CNTTHi indicating the threshold of the propagation time for fret Fi is CNTTHi = (1 _{i -1 -1 i) / (2 ·} 1 0) is determined by × ECHCNTI. In the above equation, (1 _i-1 −1 _i ) / 2 indicates the distance from the piezoelectric elements 27, 29, ... to the midpoint of the adjacent fret, and the open string count data ECHCNTI obtained in step P406. The propagation time for each fret is calculated by proportionally distributing. The distance 1 _i to each fret is fixedly held on each table 71. In this way, when the threshold value of the propagation time for the fret F _i specified by the fret count data i is calculated (since the fret count data i is “0” at the present time, the fret boundary data CNT for the virtual fret F _−1).
You can get TH _-1 .
As shown in FIG. 15, it is a non-existing fret farther from the 0th fret when viewed from the piezoelectric element.) This is transferred to the register group 69, and then the central processing unit 65 sets the fret count data i to "1". Step forward (step P40
9), it is determined whether the fret count data i has reached "24" (step P410). While the determination result of step P410 is No (N), the central processing unit 65 returns to step P408 and repeats steps P408 to P410 while performing virtual fret.
Fret boundary data CNTT for F _-1 and frets F0 to F24
Calculate Hi. The fret boundary data CNTTHi calculated in this way is sent to and held in the register group 69.

When the fret boundary data CNTTHi is calculated for all frets, the determination result in step P410 is YES (Y).
Therefore, the central processing unit 65 uses the fret number data FRET
And the fret position data NFRET are set to "0" (step P411), and then the mode data MODE is set to "0".
To complete the fret position calculation subroutine.
In this way, the initial value setting mode ends when the fret position calculation subroutine ends, and the mode data MODE specifies the performance mode.

Processing in the performance mode Since the data value of the mode data MODE becomes "0" when the fret position calculation subroutine ends as described above, when the central processing unit 65 executes the timer interrupt processing in response to the timer interrupt, The judgment result of step P100 designates the performance mode, and the central processing unit 65 determines the fret judgment subroutine P500 and the bend performance judgment subroutine P90.
0, the key-on detection subroutine P1100 and the mute discrimination subroutine P1200 are sequentially executed.

In the fret determination subroutine P500, the value of the echo count data ECHCNTS formed based on the echo signal is sequentially compared with the fret boundary data CNTHi calculated in the above fret position calculation subroutine (see FIG. 14) to contact the string. When the frets are discriminated and the same fret is detected three times in a row, the fret position is decided, and the key-off subroutine, the key change subroutine or the key-on subroutine is executed depending on whether the decided frets and the left hand mode are set.

In the bend performance determination subroutine P900, the bend sensor 35
Determine whether the bend data BENDS supplied from is valid or invalid, and if the bend data BENDS is valid data, the pitch change amount is calculated based on the bend curve selected in advance and the pitch change amount is sent to the tone generator 73. Send out.

On the other hand, in the key-on detection subroutine P1100, the peak time of the string vibration is determined from the maximum peak value data PICKUP,
When it is detected that the string vibration has attenuated three times in succession after the string vibration reaches its peak, the occurrence of plucking is recognized, and a key-on subroutine is executed to generate a musical sound.

Further, in the mute discrimination subroutine P1200, the reception level data ECHLVL when the mute count data MUTECNT set to the maximum value when the key-on subroutine is executed becomes the minimum value “0”, the echo level initial setting subroutine (FIG. 13). If the mute threshold data is set to the value set in (), the player's mute operation is detected and the key-off program is immediately executed.

In the play mode, the central processing unit 65 controls the registers 101 and 11
While accessing the data held in 7, 127, 139, the above subroutine P500, P900, P1100, P1200 is executed for each timer interrupt to determine the operation of the performer, and the tone generator 73 is determined by the performer's will. According to the instruction, generation of a musical tone and an addition of an effect to the musical tone corresponding to various playing methods are instructed.

The subroutine executed in the performance mode will be described in detail below.

Fret Discrimination Subroutine The algorithm for the fret discrimination subroutine P500 is shown in FIG.

When the fret determination subroutine starts, the central processing unit
65 reads the echo count data ECHCNTS from the register 117 (step P501), receives the read echo count data ECHCNTS in the register group 69, and receives the count data ECHCNS.
Transfer as T (step P502). Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 sets "-1" to the count data N (step P503) and sets the fret count data i to "0" (step P504). After that, the central processing unit 65 compares the fret boundary data CNTTHi regarding the virtual fret F _-1 with the reception count data ECHCNT (step P505), and the value of the fret boundary data CNTTHi is the reception count data ECHCNT.
If it is larger than the value of, the determination result of step P505 is YES (Y), so after the fret count data i is transferred to the count data N (step P506), the value of the fret count data i is increased by “1”. Then (step P507), it is determined in step P508 whether the fret count data i exceeds "24". While the fret count data i designates a fret farther than the fret that generated the echo signal, the determination result of step P505 is YES (Y), so the central processing unit 65 causes the central processing unit 65 to perform steps P505-
While repeatedly executing the loop constituted by P508, wait until the determination result of step P505 changes to NO (N). When the determination result in step P505 is NO (N), the central processing unit 65 advances to step P507, and the fret count data i
The value is incremented by "1" without setting the value in the count data N. In this way, the central processing unit
Step 65 repeats steps P505 to P508 to search for the fret that generated the echo signal, and waits for the judgment result in step P508 to become yes (Y).

If the decision result in the step P508 is YES, the central processing unit 65 has compared the received count data ECHCNT with the fret boundary data CNTTHi of the virtual frets to the 24th fret in order, so the flow advances to the step P509, and the count data N is counted.
Is "-1" indicating the virtual fret or "24" indicating the 24th fret, and if the judgment result is YES (Y), the echo signal is generated on the non-existing fret beyond the virtual fret. Or no pitch assigned
Since it has occurred on the 24th fret, the reception count data ECHCNT is determined to be error data and the fret position confirmation determination data SMCNT is set to "0" (step P
510). When the fret position confirmation determination data SMCNT is set to "0" in this way, no musical tone is generated for the echo signal that generated the reception count data ECHCNT. On the other hand, if the determination result in step P509 is NO (N), it is determined whether the value of the fret number data FRET and the value of the count data N are equal (step P511).
If the determination result in step P511 is YES (Y), the determined fret is being continuously pressed, and therefore the fret position determination determination data SMCN is determined in step P510 without key-on processing.
The value of T is set to "0" and the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine (Fig. 11). On the other hand, if the determination result in step P511 is YES (Y), it is determined in step P512 whether the value of the count data N is equal to the value of the fret position data NFRET. If they are not equal, the (N) fret position confirmation determination data SMCNT is determined. Is set to "1" (step P513), and then the value of the count data N is changed to the fret position data NF.
Set as RET (step P514). On the other hand, when the value of the fret position data NFRET is equal to the value of the count data N, the value of the fret position confirmation determination data SMCNT is increased by "1" (step P515), and the fret position determination determination data SMCNT is changed to "3". Is determined (step P516). If the decision result in the step P516 is NO (N), the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine (FIG. 11),
If the determination result in step P516 is YES (Y), the value of the fret number data FRET is matched with the value of the fret position data NFRET (step P517), and the fret position confirmation determination data is obtained.
SMCNT is set to "0" (step P518). As described above, in the present embodiment, only when the same fret is detected three times, the fret is recognized as the fret in contact with the string.

The central processing unit 65 subsequently judges whether or not the value of the fret number data FRET is "0" (step P519), and if the value of the fret number data FRET is "0", the string is pressed and plucked. Since it has shown that the string has been changed to the open string, the central processing unit 65 executes the key-off subroutine P600 to stop the generation of the musical sound. On the other hand, fret number data
If the FRET value is other than "0", the process proceeds to step P520, and it is determined whether or not the left hand mode data LEFT value is "1". If the result of the determination is YES (Y), the pickup is made in preparation for the left hand performance. Set "40 _H " indicating the average volume value to the value data PEAK (step P521), then execute the key-on subroutine and return to the timer interrupt subroutine (step P700).
If the determination result of P520 is no (N), the central processing unit 65 executes the key change subroutine P800 and returns to the timer interrupt processing routine. The key-off subroutine, the key-off subroutine, and the key-change subroutine described above will be described in detail later.

Bend rendition style determination subroutine When the central processing unit 65 returns to the timer interrupt processing routine upon completion of the above fret position determination subroutine,
The bend performance method determination subroutine P900 is executed. In the bend rendition style determination subroutine P900, first, it is determined whether or not the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is "0" (step P901). If the value is no (N), the bend rendition style determination is stopped. Then, the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine. As described in the section regarding the register group 69, the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is set to the initial value “10” when plucking is detected, so a certain period (about 10
msec) can be set not to distinguish the bend playing style. This is because the string vibration during plucking is not mistakenly determined as the movement of the string due to the bend. On the other hand, if the determination result of step P901 is YES (Y), the central processing unit 65 reads the bend data BENDS from the register 139 (step P902), and sends this bend data BENDS to the register group 69. The bend sensor data BEND is held (step P903). After this, the central processing unit 65 corrects the bend sensor data BEND (step P904). That is, the above-described bend sensor initial setting subroutine (see FIG. 12)
The bend correction data BENDI calculated in step 1 is added to the bend sensor data BEND, and this is again held in the register group 69 as the bend sensor data BEND. After correcting the bend sensor data BEND as described above, the central processing unit 65 determines the validity of the corrected bend sensor data BEND. That is, it is determined in step P905 whether or not the value of the bend sensor data BEND has overflowed, and at the time of overflow, the maximum value (7F _H ) is set in the bend sensor data BEND (step P906), but no overflow has occurred. If the judgment result of step P905 is NO (N), or if there is underflow (if the judgment result of step P907 is YES (Y)), the minimum value (00 _H ) is set as the bend sensor data BEND. Is set (step P908). In this way, when the bend sensor data BEND is corrected again and kept within a certain range, the central processing unit 65 executes the pitch change data calculation subroutine shown in FIG. 18 (step P1000).

Before explaining the pitch change data calculation subroutine P1000, the virtual bend amount will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 19 is a plan view showing the guitar body 21, and 141 is a lower piece. As shown in FIG. 19, since plucking is performed at the position PC, the frets contacting the strings based on the bend amount detected by the bend sensors 35, 37, ...
Calculating the string displacement at P1 would exceed the width of the neck of the guitar body 21. On the other hand, the displacement at the contact position P2 with the fret of the string based on the bend playing method should be within the range of the neck part of the guitar, and the bend amount detected by the bend sensors 35, 37, ... The virtual bend amount X is calculated as follows based on the detection values of the bend sensors 35, 37, ... To determine whether the displacement is due to a bend operation.

X = (BEND−40 _H ) · LF where BEND is the value of the bend sensor data corrected in steps P904 to P908, and LF is the bend position indicating the distance from the lower piece to the fret on which the string is pressed. The data. Therefore, (BEND-40 _H ) is the inclination angle of the string, and by multiplying the inclination angle by the bend position data LF, the position P
The virtual bend amount X (P1) or X (P2) at 1, P2, etc. can be obtained. If the virtual bend amount calculated in this way exceeds the width of the neck part like the value X (P1) at the position P1, the bend operation should not have been performed. Should not cause pitch changes. On the other hand, the virtual bend amount X (P
If the displacement of the strings is within the width of the neck as shown in 2), the pitch of the musical tone must be changed to change the pitch corresponding to the bend style.

Therefore, the central processing unit 65 reads the distance to the fret in contact with the string from the table 71 based on the fret number data FRET detected by the fret discrimination subroutine, and stores this in the register group 69 as bend position data LF (step P1001). Then, the central processing unit 65 (BEN
D-40 _H ) · LF is calculated to calculate the virtual bend amount X (step P1002). When the virtual bend amount X is calculated in this way, the central processing unit 65 compares the virtual bend amount X with the right limit value RNGR (FRET) held in the table 71, and the virtual bend amount X is changed to the right limit value. It is determined whether or not RNGR (FRET) or more (step P1003). If the determination result in step P1003 is NO (N), the virtual bend amount X is invalid, so the value of the pitch change data BENDC is set to "0" (step P10
04), if the determination result of step P1003 is YES (Y), the central processing unit 65 compares the virtual bend amount X with the left limit value RNGL read from the table 71, and determines whether the virtual bend amount X is less than or equal to the left limit value RNGL. It is determined (step P1005).
If the determination result in step P1005 is NO (N), the virtual bend amount X is still invalid, so the pitch change data BENDC is set to "0" to maintain the pitch of the musical tone constant.

On the other hand, if the determination result of step P1005 is YES (Y), the virtual bend amount X is valid, so the central processing unit
In step P1006, the process proceeds to step P1006, where the pitch change data BE is changed from the bend sensor data BEND according to the preselected bend curve (E, F, or G in FIG. 9 in this embodiment).
NDC is calculated and held in the register group 69 (calculation of such pitch data is expressed as BENDCNV (BEND)).

As described above, when the pitch change data BENDC is calculated, the central processing unit 65 returns to the bend rendition style determination subroutine and determines in step P909 whether the pitch change data BENDC is "0". If the judgment result of step P909 is YES (Y), it is not necessary to change the pitch of the musical sound,
Return to the timer interrupt processing routine. Meanwhile, step
If the judgment result of P909 is no (N), pitch change data BEND
Since C indicates the pitch of the musical sound to be changed, the central processing unit 65 sends pitch change data BENDC to the tone generator 73 (step P910). When the pitch change data BENDC is sent to the tone generator 73 in this way, the tone generator 73 changes the pitch of the musical tone based on the supplied pitch change data BENDC. As a result, the player can give the musical tone a pitch change corresponding to the bend playing style by moving the strings in the width direction of the neck portion. When the central processing unit 65 sends the pitch change data BEND to the tone generator 73 in step P910, it returns to the timer interruption processing routine and executes the key-on detection subroutine P1100.

Key-On Detection Subroutine In the above-mentioned key-on detection subroutine P1100, the central processing unit 65, as shown in FIG. 20, firstly, the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is "1"-
It is judged whether or not it is "7" (step P1101), and if the judgment result is YES (Y), the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is decreased by "1" (step P110).
2). As described with regard to the register group 69, the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT becomes key-on, that is, the sound generation starts when the value becomes "7".
If the value of the electromagnetic pick-up time control data PCKCNT in 101 is "1" to "7", control is made to return to the timer interrupt processing routine through step P1102, so that at least 7 msec will not be reproduced after the sound is once generated. Become.

On the other hand, if the determination result of step P1101 is no (N),
The central processing unit 65 receives the maximum peak value data PIC from the register 127.
Read KUPS (step P1103) and register it as register group 6
It is sent to 9 and held (PICKUP) (step P1104). Subsequently, in Step P1105, it is determined whether or not the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is larger than the value of the pickup threshold data PCKTH, and if the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is the value of the pickup threshold data PCKTH or less, the maximum The peak value data PICKUP is determined to be noise, and the process proceeds to step P1114, and the maximum peak value data PICKUP is held in the register group 69 as the preceding peak value data OPCK. On the other hand, maximum peak value data PICKUP
If the value of is greater than the value of the pickup threshold data PCKTH, the central processing unit 65 determines that the maximum peak value data PICKUP is the data based on the plucked string and proceeds to step P1106 to set the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP to the electromagnetic pickup. The size of the boundary value data PCKLS is compared with that of the boundary value data PCKLS. The electromagnetic pickup boundary value data PCKLS is a boundary value for selecting the value of the plucking scale factor data MPL, and the central processing unit 65 reads from the register group 69 prior to the execution of step P1106, and sets the maximum peak value data PICKUP. Used for comparison. Maximum peak value data PICKUP value is electromagnetic pickup boundary value data
If it exceeds the value of PCKLS, the judgment result of step P1106 becomes YES (Y), and the central processing unit 65 judges that the high level string vibration is generated by the plucked string and sets the string plucking magnification data to " Set to 1.5 ”(step P1107). On the other hand, if the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is less than the value of the electromagnetic pickup boundary value data PCKLS, the central processing unit 65 determines that it is a low level string vibration and sets the plucking scale data MPL to “2.0”.
(Step P1108). After setting the string plucking magnification data MPL, the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not the value of the key-on trigger data ONTRG is "1" (step P1109). The key-on trigger data ONTRG indicates whether or not the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP exceeds the value obtained by multiplying the preceding peak value data OPCK by the string plucking magnification data MPL, and the value is detected during execution of the preceding key-on detection subroutine. It is determined. Therefore, during the execution of the preceding key-on detection subroutine, the maximum peak value data PICKU larger than (OPCK x MPL)
If P is not detected, the determination result of step P1109 is NO (N), the preceding peak value data OPCK is multiplied by the plucking string magnification data MPL, and the product is compared with the maximum peak value data PICKUP (step P1110). ). Maximum peak value data PICKUP
If the value is larger than the value of the above product, the determination result in step P1110 is YES (Y), and the central processing unit 65 sets the value of the key-on trigger data ONTRG to "1" (step P11).
11), electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is "10"
(Step P1112). Then the central processing unit 6
5 sets the pickup maximum value data to "0" (step P1113), and holds the maximum peak value data PICKUP in the register group 69 as the preceding peak value data OPCK (step P1).
114). In the case of the present embodiment, if the string vibration reaches a peak and then the value of the detected maximum peak value data PICKUP decreases three times in succession, it means that the plucked string is detected, so in steps P1111 to P1113. Preparations for the above-mentioned plucking detection will be made. On the other hand, if the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is smaller than the product of the preceding peak value data OPCK and the plucking scale data MPL, sufficient vibration has not occurred yet to be regarded as a string. , Proceeds to Step P1114 without preparing for plucking detection.

On the other hand, if the key-on trigger data ONTRG is already set to "1" in the preceding key-on detection subroutine (the determination result in step P1109 is YES (Y)), the preparation for the above-described plucking detection is performed. Since it has already ended, the central processing unit 65 proceeds from step P1109 to step P1115, and determines whether or not the value of the preceding peak value data OPCK is larger than the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP. If the value of the preceding peak value data OPCK is smaller than the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP, the determination result of step P1115 is NO (N).
And the amplitude of the string vibration is still increasing,
The electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is set to "10" (step P1116), and the maximum peak value data PICKUP is held in the register group 69 as the preceding peak value data OPCK (step P1123). On the other hand, the maximum peak value data P
If the value of ICKUP is smaller than the value of the preceding peak value data OPCK, the damping of the string vibration has started (step P111).
The judgment result of 5 is yes (Y)), the central processing unit 65
Indicates that the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT has a value of "10"
Is judged (step P1117), and if the judgment result is YES (Y), it is judged whether the value of the pickup maximum value data PEAK is larger than the value of the preceding peak value data OPCK (step P1118). If the determination result of step P1118 is NO (N), the preceding peak value data OPCK is held in the register group 69 as the pickup maximum value data PEAK (step
If the determination result of step P1118 is YES (Y), the process proceeds to step P1120 without executing step P1119, and the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is decreased by "1". On the other hand, if the judgment result in step P1117 is NO (N), the process proceeds to step P1120 without executing steps P1118 and P1119, and the electromagnetic pickup time control data P
Decrease the value of CKCNT by "1". Therefore, the pickup maximum value data PEAK becomes equal to the maximum value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP after the plucking is detected.

After that, the central processing unit 65 judges whether or not the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT has reached “7” (step P1121), and the electromagnetic pickup time control data PK
If CKCNT is larger than “7”, the above-described condition for plucking detection in step P1121 is not satisfied, so step P1123.
Then, the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is held in the register group 69 as the preceding peak value data OPCK. However, if the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT reaches "7", the condition for plucking detection is satisfied, so the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P700 and executes the key-on subroutine described later to execute a musical tone. Generate. When the musical tone is generated in this way, the central processing unit 65 sets the value of the key-on trigger data ONTRG to "0" (step P1122), and registers the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP as the preceding peak value data OPCK. It is held in the group 69 to prepare for subsequent key-on detection (step P1123). After this, the central processing unit 65 returns to the timer interrupt processing routine.

Mute Discrimination Subroutine After the completion of the key-on detection subroutine, the central processing unit 65 returning to the timer interrupt processing routine executes the mute discrimination subroutine (see FIG. 21). That is, the central processing unit 65 receives the mute count data from the register group 69.
MUTECNT is read and it is determined whether the value of the mute count data MUTECNT is "0" (step P1201). The mute count data MUTECNT is set to "50" when it is judged to be the mute rendition during the execution of the key-on subroutine, so a value other than "0" is set for a certain period after the musical tone is generated by the execution of the key-on subroutine during the mute rendition. have. In other words, the judgment result of step P1201 becomes No (N) until a certain time has elapsed after the generation of the musical sound, the value of the mute count data MUTECNT is decreased by "1" (step P1202), and the value of the mute count data MUTECNT is again calculated. It is determined whether or not has reached "0" (step P1203). If the value of the mute count data MUTECNT has not reached "0" yet, the central processing unit 65 ends the execution of the mute discrimination subroutine and returns to the timer interrupt processing routine. On the other hand, step P120
If the judgment result of 3 is yes (Y), the central processing unit 65 recognizes the elapse of the certain period, reads the echo level data ECHLVLS from the register 101 (step P1204), and uses this (ECHLVLS) as reception level data ECHLVL in the register group. It is held at 69 (step P1205). After this, the central processing unit 65 accesses the reception level data ECHLVL and the mute threshold data MUTE and compares them (step P1206), and the value of the reception level data ECHLVL is smaller than the value of the mute threshold data MUTE. If step P1206
Since the result of the judgment is No (N), the key-off subroutine P600 is executed to stop the musical sound rapidly. On the other hand, if the decision result in step P1206 is YES (Y), it is decided that the player has not performed the mute operation, and the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine without executing the key-off subroutine. Since the mute count data is "0" during normal plucking, the answer in step P1201 is YES (Y), and the same processing (P1204 to P1206) is performed to determine whether or not the mute operation was performed during plucking, and the key-off subroutine Whether to execute is determined.

Key-on Subroutine The central processing unit 65 executes the key-on subroutine when it is necessary to generate a musical sound based on the left hand performance during the fret position determination subroutine, or when the condition of the repulsion detection is satisfied during the key-on detection subroutine. In the key-on subroutine, as shown in FIG. 22, the central processing unit 65 uses the echo level data ECHLVLS.
Is read from the register 101 (step P701), the read echo level data ECHLVLS is sent to the register group 69 and held as reception level data ECHLVL (step P702). After this, the central processing unit 65 compares the reception level data ECHLVL with the mute threshold data MUTE (step P703), and if the value of the reception level data ECHLVL is larger than the mute threshold MUTE (Y), the central processing unit. 65 determines that normal sounding is desired and causes the pickup group maximum value data PEAK to be held in the register group 69 as touch data TOUCH (step P704). The value of this pickup maximum value data PEAK is set to the reference value (40 _H ) of the volume data in the left hand performance mode (step P521), but during normal performance, the maximum peak value data PICKUP at the peak of string vibration is set. The values are equal (step P1119). If the value of the reception level data ECHLVL is less than or equal to the value of the mute threshold value data MUTE, the central processing unit 65 multiplies the pickup maximum value data PEAK by "0.4" and holds the product as touch data TOUCH in the register group 69 (step P705). Therefore, when the performer performs a mute operation, the musical sound is produced with a low volume. After the execution of step P705, the central processing unit 65 sets the mute count data to "50" (step P706), and keeps the time for a fixed period in the mute discrimination subroutine.

When the touch data TOUCH used for volume control of the tone generator 73 is set in this way, the central processing unit 65
Reads the fret number data FRET determined by the fret discrimination subroutine from the register group 69, reads the key code FKCNV (FRET) corresponding to the fret number data FRET from the table 71 based on the fret number data FRET, and this key code FKCNV ( FRET) as the fret position corresponding key code data KC in the register group 69 (step P707). Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 reads the key code data OKC of the tone currently being sounded from the register group 69 and judges whether the value is "0" (step P708). If there is a tone that is currently sounding, step P7
Since the judgment result of 08 is no (N), the tone generator 73 is instructed to stop the sound generation of the musical sound being generated (step P709). On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P708 is YES (Y), the central processing unit 65 sends the fret position corresponding key code data KC and the touch data TOUCH to the tone generator 73 without executing the step P709, and instructs the tone generator 73 to generate a musical tone. Yes (step P710). In this way, when the tone generator 73 is instructed to generate a musical tone, the central processing unit 65 sets the fret position-corresponding key code data KC as the key code data OKC of the musical tone currently being generated to the register group 69.
(Step P711), and then returns to the timer interrupt processing routine or the key-on detection subroutine.

Key-Off Subroutine When the execution of the key-off subroutine is requested in the fret discrimination subroutine or the mute discrimination subroutine, the central processing unit 66 causes the key code data OKC regarding the musical tone being currently sounded to be "0", as shown in FIG.
(Step P601), if the value of the key code data OKC is "0", the generation of the musical sound has already stopped, and the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine. On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P601 is NO (N), the tone generator 73 is instructed to stop the tone generation of the musical tone which is currently being produced, which is indicated by the key code data OKC (step P602).

Key Change Subroutine When the execution of the key change subroutine is requested in the fret judgment subroutine, the central processing unit 65 causes the value of the legato state LGT to be "1" as shown in FIG.
Or not (step P801), step P801
If the result of the judgment is NO (N), it is judged whether or not the value of the key code data OKC relating to the tone currently being sounded is "0" (step P802). The value of key code data OKC is "0"
Otherwise, the tone generator 73 is producing sound (No (N)), so the central processing unit 65 controls the tone generator 73 to stop the generation of the musical tone represented by the key code OKC (step P803), and then at step P804. The key code data KC corresponding to the fret position and the touch data TOUCH are supplied to the tone generator 73 to instruct the generation of a musical sound. Therefore, the tone generator 73 stops the musical tone that has been generated until then, and generates a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the fret detected by the fret discrimination subroutine according to the volume represented by the touch data TOUCH. Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 causes the register group 69 to hold the fret position-corresponding key code data KC as key code data OKC relating to the musical tone being currently sounded (step P805).

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P801 is YES (Y), it is decided that the control of the musical sound by the Legard playing method (see FIG. 8) is desired, and the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not there is a musical sound being produced. The key code KC corresponding to the fret position and the touch data TOUCH are supplied to the tone generator 73 to instruct generation of a musical sound (step P806). After that, the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not there is a musical tone currently being sounded by key code data OK.
Judge from C (step P807). As a result, if there is a musical tone being sounded, the key code data OKC is "0", so the determination result in step P807 is NO (N), and the central processing unit
65 designates the stop of the generation of the musical sound represented by the key code data OKC (step P808). If the determination result in step P807 is YES (Y), or after the execution of step P808 ends,
The central processing unit 65 is the key code data KC corresponding to the fret position.
Is stored in the register group 69 as the key code data OKC for the tone currently being generated (step P809). As described above, when a musical tone is generated based on a legato performance, the musical tone generation instruction for the fret position corresponding key code data KC is preceded to generate a musical tone having an envelope as shown in D of FIG. You can

The functions realized by the above software can be configured by hardware, and the number of strings is not limited to 6 strings. In the above embodiment, the mute threshold value data MUTE and the echo threshold value data THLVL are uniquely determined from the reception level data ECHLVL, but they may be set by the performer before or during the performance. Furthermore, the number of times of reading data in the bend sensor initial setting subroutine, the echo level initial setting subroutine, and the fret position calculation subroutine is not limited to "16", and can be set to any number. The touch data TOUCH is the maximum pickup value data PEA.
K may be set to a converted value, and the left limit value and the right limit value need not be set for each fret unless the width of the neck portion changes significantly. The key code corresponding to the fret is not limited to that in the embodiment, but the player may be allowed to correspond to each string independently.

The information processing unit (including the central processing unit) tone generator 73 and the like may be instructed to the body of the electronic stringed instrument, or may be separate from the body. Further, when the tone generator 73 is controlled by MIDI, the following initial settings are required, for example. That is, the reception MONO mode and the channel independent control including the pitch bend, however, since these settings are very troublesome, they should be automatically set by software when the power is turned on. Further, the generation of ultrasonic waves and the reception of echoes may be shared by separate piezoelectric elements. Further, not only an instrument that detects plucked strings such as a guitar, but an instrument that uses rubbed strings such as a violin may be used.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the plucking recognition means recognizes a plucked string by judging the increase of the maximum amplitude value based on the detection result of the maximum amplitude value detection means. After that, the pronunciation instructing means instructs the pronunciation based on the attenuation of the maximum amplitude value, so that the plucked string by the player can be accurately detected, and the musical tone can be generated according to the intention of the player. .

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a part of an interface, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another part of the interface in detail, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another part of the interface in detail. 7 (A) to 7 (C) are operation explanatory views showing the relationship between the bend amount and the bend data, FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing an envelope during a legato playing style, and FIG. 9 is a selectable bend curve. Graph, FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a main routine of one embodiment, FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt processing routine, and FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a bend sensor initial setting subroutine. , Fig. 13 is a flow chart of the echo level initial setting subroutine, Fig. 14 is a flow chart of the fret position calculation subroutine, Fig. 15 is a fret arrangement diagram, Fig. 16 is a flow chart of the fret discrimination subroutine, and Fig. 17 is FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a bend rendition style determination subroutine, FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a pitch change data calculation subroutine, FIG. 19 is a plan view of a neck portion for explaining a virtual bend amount, FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a key-on detection subroutine, 21 FIG. 22 is a flowchart of the mute discrimination subroutine, FIG. 22 is a flowchart of the key-on subroutine, FIG. 23 is a flowchart of the key-off subroutine, and FIG. 24 is a flowchart of the key-change subroutine. 1 ... Pitch designating part, 2 ... Instrument body, 3 ... String, 4 ... Position discriminating means, 5 ... Plucking detecting means, 6 ... Musical sound generating means, 7 ... Maximum amplitude value detecting means, 8 ... string plucking recognition means, 9 ... pronunciation instruction means.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A position discrimination for discriminating between a string stretched on a musical instrument main body having a pitch designating part and pressed by the pitch designating part when the pitch is designated, and a position of the pitch designating part with which the string comes into contact. Means, a plucking detection means for detecting a plucked string based on the string vibration of the plucked string, and a plucked musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the position of the pitch designating portion determined by the position determination means at the time of the plucking of the plucked string. In the electronic stringed musical instrument having a musical sound generating means for generating a sound volume corresponding to the strength of, the plucking detecting means is a maximum amplitude value detecting means for detecting a maximum amplitude value within a certain time interval, The maximum amplitude value in the preceding time interval and the maximum amplitude value in the time interval subsequent to the preceding time interval are compared and plucked when a predetermined increase is detected between these maximum amplitude values. The recognized plucked string recognition means and the maximum amplitude value of the following time interval And a maximum amplitude value within a time interval thereafter, and a sounding instruction means for sending a sounding instruction to the tone generating means when a predetermined attenuation is detected between these maximum amplitude values. An electronic stringed instrument characterized by. 2. The strength of plucking of the electronic stringed instrument based on the maximum amplitude value at any time interval from the time interval on which the plucked string is recognized to the time interval on which the pronunciation instruction is based. 2. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a sound volume indicating means for forming information concerning the plucking strength and supplying information concerning the strength of the plucked string to the tone generating means.