JPH0769687B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an electronic percussion instrument, an electronic string instrument, or the like that generates a musical tone based on the vibration amount of a performance operator such as a drum pad or a string that has been operated. The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument suitable for application.

As is well known "prior art", the electronic percussion instrument, as shown in FIG. 14, on the board 2, for example, arranged eight pads P ₁ to P _8, performer using stick detecting a vibration amount of each pad P ₁ to P ₈ generated when hitting each pad P ₁ to P _8, based on the detection result, the percussion sounds assigned to the pads P ₁ to P _8, set The sound is generated according to the musical tone parameters set by various setting operators of the operation unit 4.
As a result, for example, percussion instrument sounds such as bass drum, cymbal, tom, snare drum, hi-hat open, and hi-hat closed are produced.

Here, the pads P _{1 to} P ₈ have a relatively large operation surface, and when the performer strongly hits one of the pads P _{1 to} P ₈ , for example, the pad P ₁ At the same time ₁ itself vibrates, the other pad P ₂ to P ₈ that under the influence of vibration is disposed on the board 2 of the pad P ₁ also vibrates. The former is called self-oscillation and the latter is called excitation.

"SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION" By the way, each pad P ₁ to P _8, which is disposed on the board 2 as described above, since vibration due to excitation and self oscillation occurs, vibration occurring currently self Is it due to vibration,
Alternatively, it is necessary to determine whether it is due to excitation and control the pronunciation according to these. As such an electronic musical instrument, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-177085 has been conventionally proposed. According to this, as shown in FIG. 15, each pad P ₁ ~
The vibration of the vibrating body 5 provided corresponding to P ₈ is converted into an electric signal by the vibration detector 6, the signal is half-wave rectified by the diode D, and then smoothed by the capacitor C, and this is obtained. The excitation was detected based on the envelope signal. However, in this electronic musical instrument, the excitation is detected based on the envelope signal that changes in direct response to the vibration of the vibrating body 5, so that, for example, when the envelope signal changes due to a cause other than the excitation, etc. In the above, there is a problem that the excitation cannot be surely discriminated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of arbitrarily setting a reference for discriminating the excitation and thereby reliably discriminating the excitation. There is.

"Means for Solving the Problem" The present invention relates to a vibration detecting means for detecting the vibration amount of a performance operator to be performed and a maximum value storage for storing the maximum value of the vibration amount output from the vibration detecting means. Means and reference value generating means for generating a reference value corresponding to a virtual pseudo-envelope similar to the envelope of the actual vibration of the performance operator based on the value stored in the maximum value storage means. A tone generation instruction means for instructing the generation of a tone by comparing the vibration amount with the reference value, and a tone corresponding to the value stored in the maximum value storage means in response to the tone generation instruction by the tone generation instruction means. And a musical sound generating means for generating.

"Operation" The maximum value of the vibration amount of the performance operator is stored in the maximum value storage means, and based on this maximum value, a virtual pseudo-envelope similar to the envelope of the actual vibration of the performance operator is corresponded. The reference value is generated from the reference value generating means, the reference value and the vibration amount are compared, the excitation is detected, and the musical tone is generated when the excitation is detected. Therefore, the pseudo envelope is appropriately set. As a result, the excitation can be reliably determined.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the eight pads P ₁ arranged on the board 2
To to P _8, as shown in FIG. 2, the vibration detector 6 which converts the vibration of the vibrator 5 was provided each corresponding to each pad P ₁ to P ₈ into an electrical signal, the vibration detector A vibration detection circuit 9 including a rectifier 7 that performs full-wave rectification on the signal output from 6 is provided. When the respective pads P ₁ to P ₈ vibrates tapped by the stick, the vibration detecting circuit 9, the vibration detection signal SB ₁ to SB ₈ of the full-wave rectification waveform corresponding to these vibrations of the pads P ₁ to P ₈ Are respectively supplied to the multiplexer 10.

The multiplexer 10 selectively selects one of the vibration detection signals SB _{1 to} SB ₈ according to the vibration of each of the pads P _{1 to} P ₈ based on a channel select signal CS supplied from a CPU 20 described later. The signal selected by the multiplexer 10 is converted into digital data by the A / D converter 11 and then output to the bus line 12. Further, the A / D converter 11 supplies the input interrupt signal SI to the SPU 20 at a cycle of 0.1 [ms].

On the other hand, reference numeral 13 shown in the figure indicates the board 2 together with the pads P _{1 to} P _8.
ON / OFF of various setting operators of the setting operation unit 4 provided above
This is an operation switch detection circuit for detecting the off state, and the detection data is output to the bus line 12. Reference numeral 14 is a musical tone signal generation circuit for generating musical tone signals for eight channels corresponding to the pads P _{1 to} P ₈ by time division processing, and data for specifying a tone generation channel and a tone color is supplied via the bus line 12. If so, a musical tone signal of a percussion instrument sound corresponding to these musical tone parameters is generated and output to the amplifier 16 in the sound system 15. Then, the musical tone signal amplified by the amplifier 16 is sounded as a musical tone from the speaker 17. Further, 20 is a CPU that executes various arithmetic processing.
(Central processing unit), 21 is a ROM (read only memory) in which a program (see FIGS. 4 to 12) to be executed by the CPU 20 is stored, and 22 is a data temporarily required during the execution of the program. It is a RAM (random access memory) for storing, and these are mutually connected via a bus line 12. Reference numeral 23 is an interrupt timer that supplies a timer interrupt signal TI to the CPU 20 at a cycle of 1 [ms].

Here, of the various data stored in the RAM 22, those relevant to the gist of the present embodiment are listed below.

□ Input data IN (i); data corresponding to the vibration value of each pad Pi (i = 1 to 8) sampled by the A / D converter 11.

□ Maximum vibration value MAX (i); data corresponding to the maximum vibration value of each pad Pi obtained based on the input data IN (i) output from the A / D converter 11.

□ Reference value CRT (i); data that is calculated based on the maximum vibration value MAX (i) and that changes over time corresponding to a virtual pseudo-envelope similar to the actual vibration envelope of each pad Pi. In this case, the pseudo envelope is set to be larger than the envelope of the actual vibration of each pad Pi.

□ Status ST (i): Indicates the vibration state of each pad Pi, and has a value of “0” to “30”.

□ Subtraction values DLT1 and DLT2; data used when calculating the reference value CRT (i). In this embodiment, since the degree of decrease (slope) of the pseudo envelope is changed in two steps, two types of subtraction are performed. The value is set.

□ Threshold level THRS1, THRS2; Input data IN
It is data serving as a threshold value for obtaining the maximum vibration value MAX (i) based on (i).

□ Interference value Kij; Pad Pj (j = 1 to 8) and Pad Pi (i =
It is a value indicating the degree of interference between 1 to 8, but i ≠ j).
That is, the relative positional relationship (especially distance) of the pads P _{1 to} P ₈ is different from each other, and the closer the positional relationship is, the stronger the influence of vibration appears. So each pad
A table showing the interference value Kij between Pj and the pad Pi is stored in advance in the ROM 21 shown in FIG.

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument having the above configuration will be described.

First, the outline of the operation will be described with reference to the waveform chart shown in FIG.

The CPU 20 sequentially takes in the input data IN (i) of each pad Pi converted and output by the A / D converter 11 at a constant sampling interval as indicated by points D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ ... When each input data IN (i) exceeds the threshold level THRS1, the status ST (i) is changed from “0” to “1”, and thereafter the input data IN (i) is sequentially stored in the RAM 22.

Here, the statuses ST (i) = 1 to 30 are classified into the following four periods.

Vibration maximum value detection period During the period of status ST (i) = 1, when the input data IN (i) that had been increasing as shown by point D ₇ in the figure first decreased, at the point D ₆ immediately before it. Obtained input data IN
(I) is specified as the maximum vibration value MAX (i), and at the same time, the status ST (i) is changed from "1" to "2".

Sound generation standby period This is a period of status ST (i) = 2 to 7, and each time the timer interrupt signal TI arrives from the interrupt timer 23 at an interval of 1 [ms], the status ST (i) is sequentially incremented. Also, each time the input interrupt signal SI arrives from the A / D converter 11 in a cycle of 0.1 [ms], the subtraction value DLT1 is sequentially subtracted from the maximum vibration value MAX (i) to calculate a new reference value CRT (i). Then, the reference value CRT (i) corresponding to the pseudo-envelope that decreases with a constant slope is obtained. Then, if excitation occurs for some reason and the input data IN (i) exceeds the maximum vibration value MAX (i), the maximum vibration value MAX (i) is updated and the input data IN (i) is changed. When the reference value CRT (i) at that time is exceeded, the reference value CRT (i) is updated.

Repronunciation prohibited period It is a period of status ST (i) = 8 to 15, and the status is
When ST (i) changes from “7” to “8”, the musical tone signal generating circuit 14 is instructed to generate a sound based on the maximum vibration value MAX (i) stored in the RAM 22, and the so-called key-on state is set. Becomes Also in this period, the status ST (i) is sequentially incremented each time the timer interrupt signal TI arrives. Also, each time the input interrupt signal SI arrives, the subtraction value DLT1 is subtracted to add a new reference value CRT.
(I) is calculated to obtain the reference value CRT (i) corresponding to the pseudo-envelope that decreases with a constant slope. When the input data IN (i) exceeds the reference value CRT (i) at that point in time, the reference value CRT (i) is updated. However, repronunciation is not permitted during this period.

Re-sound generation permission period This is a period of status ST (i) = 16 to 30, and the status ST (i) is sequentially incremented each time the timer interrupt signal TI arrives. Also input interrupt signal
Each time SI arrives, the subtraction value DLT2 (> DLT1) is subtracted to calculate a new reference value CRT (i), and the status ST (i) =
The reference value CRT (i) corresponding to the pseudo-envelope that decreases with a larger gradient than in the case of 2 to 15 is obtained. When the input data IN (i) exceeds the reference value CRT (i) at that point in time, the reference value CRT (i) is updated. At this time, the input data IN (i) is the reference value CRT
Beyond (i), the difference is the threshold level THRS2
If it is larger than the above, the status is immediately changed to ST (i) = 1 in order to perform re-pronunciation.

Next, the above-mentioned operation will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

First, when a power switch (not shown) is turned on, the CPU 20 executes the main program shown in FIG. That is,
After clearing various data in step SP1 or performing initial setting by setting initial values, step SP2
The process proceeds to step 14 and the tone signal generation circuit 14 sets the volume of the entire musical sound to be generated set by the volume setting operator (not shown) and the tone parameters set by various setting operators (switches) provided in the setting operation section 4. set, further proceeds to step SP3, the tone assigned to each pad P ₁ to P _8, after performing the assignment processing for designating the respective tone generation channels of the musical tone signal generating circuit 14 returns to step SP2 again After that, these steps SP2 and SP3 are cyclically processed.

While the CPU 20 cyclically processes the main program, every time the interrupt timer 23 supplies the timer interrupt signal TI at a cycle of 1 [ms], the fifth
The timer interrupt process shown in the figure is executed, and each time the input interrupt signal SI is supplied from the A / D converter 11 at a cycle of 0.1 [ms], the input interrupt process shown in FIG. 6 is executed.

In the timer interrupt process shown in FIG. 5, first, in step SP10, the value i = 1 is set to specify the process of the _first pad P ₁ , and then in step SP11 the i-th pad Pi is set. It is determined whether or not the status ST (i)> 1 relating to the above is obtained and a negative result is obtained, that is, the status ST (i) is “0” or the vibration maximum value detection period is “1”. If so, the process jumps to step SP23, increments the value i by 1 in order to shift to the process of the _second pad P ₂ , and returns from the next step SP24 to step SP11. On the other hand, if a positive result is obtained in step SP11, the process proceeds to the next step SP12, where the status ST (i) is incremented by 1 and step SP
Proceed to 13. In this step SP13, the status ST
It is determined whether or not (i) has reached 8, and if a negative result is obtained, the process proceeds to step SP21. In this step SP21, it is determined whether or not the status ST (i)> 30, and if a negative result is obtained, the process directly proceeds to step SP23, and if a positive result is obtained, the status ST (i) is obtained in step SP22. ) = 0, and then proceeds to step SP23.

On the other hand, if a positive result is obtained in step SP13, that is, if it is determined that the above-mentioned re-prohibition period has been reached, in the next step SP14, the value j = which specifies the j-th pad Pj Set to 1 and proceed to step SP15. In this step SP15, it is determined whether or not the value j = i. If a positive result is obtained, the process proceeds to step SP18, and if a negative result is obtained, the process proceeds to step SP16.

In this step SP16, the maximum vibration value MAX (j) for the j-th pad Pj is smaller than the value obtained by multiplying the maximum vibration value MAX (i) for the i-th pad Pi by the interference value Kij, Moreover, it is determined whether or not the status ST (j) regarding the j-th pad Pj is larger than 0 and is 7 or less. That is, within the predetermined time (status ST (j) is 7 or less) after the j-th pad Pj is hit, the MAX
If the relationship (j) <Kij · MAX (i) is obtained, then the jth
It is judged that the excitation has occurred in the pad Pj of the th, and the process proceeds to the next step SP17, where the status ST (j) = 8, the maximum value vibration value MAX (j) = 0, and the reference value C regarding the jth pad Pj.
Set RT (j) = 0 and proceed to step SP18. If a negative result is obtained in step SP16, the process jumps to step SP18. In this step SP18,
After incrementing the value j by 1, the process proceeds to step SP19. Then, in step SP19 until it became a value j> 8 is determined, repeat steps SP15~18 described above, the excitation of the pad P ₁ to P _8, except for the i-th pad Pi is determined.

When a positive result is obtained in step SP19,
In step SP20, the maximum vibration value MAX of the pad Pi for the i-th sound generation channel of the tone signal generation circuit 14 is reached.
Instruct pronunciation based on (i). Then, step SP23
Go to and increment the value i by 1, then step
Go to SP24, and in this step SP24 the value i>
Step SP described above until it is determined to be 8
11 to 22 are repeatedly executed, and after the processing for all the pads P _{1 to} P ₈ is completed, the process returns to the main program.

Next, in the input interrupt processing shown in FIG. 6, first, at step SP30, the value i = 1 is set to specify the processing of the _first pad P ₁ , and then at step SP31 the input described later. The processing routine is executed, then the process proceeds to step SP32, and the value i is incremented by one. Then, the process proceeds to step SP33, until it has a value i> 8 In this step SP33 is determined to perform repeated steps SP31~32 described above, after finishing the processing for all of the pads P ₁ to P ₈ , Return to the main program.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the input processing routine in step SP31, first, in step SP40, the input data IN (i) of each pad Pi converted and output by the A / D converter 11 at a constant sampling interval is output. In sequence,
In the next step SP41, the status ST (i) = 0
Depending on 30, the process proceeds to any of steps SP42 to SP46. In this case, if the status ST (i) = 0, the process proceeds to the rising edge detection processing routine in step SP42, and if the status ST (i) = 1, the step
Proceed to SP43 vibration maximum value detection routine, and
If ST (i) = 2 to 7, the process proceeds to the tone generation standby processing routine of step SP44, and the status ST (i) = 8 to 15
If the status ST (i) = 16 to 30, the process proceeds to the re-pronunciation prohibition processing routine of step SP45. After processing each of these routines, the routine proceeds to step 32 shown in FIG.

In the rising detection processing routine, as shown in FIG. 8, first, in step SP50, input data is input.
It is determined whether or not IN (i) exceeds the threshold level THRS1, and if a negative result is obtained, the processing routine is ended, and if a positive result is obtained, the step is performed.
After proceeding to SP51, the status ST (i) = 1 is set, the input data IN (i) is set as the maximum vibration value MAX (i), and then the processing routine is ended.

In the vibration maximum value detection processing routine, as shown in FIG. 9, first, in step SP60, it is determined whether or not the input data IN (i) exceeds the maximum vibration value MAX (i), When a positive result is obtained, the newly obtained input data IN (i) is set as the maximum vibration value MAX (i), and the processing routine ends. Meanwhile, step
If a negative result is obtained at SP60, step SP
After proceeding to step 62 and setting the maximum vibration value MAX (i) as the reference value CRT (i), proceed to step SP63 to set the reference value CRT (i).
The subtraction value DLT1 is subtracted from to calculate a new reference value CRT (i), and then in step SP64, the status ST
(I) is set to 2 and the processing routine ends.

Further, in the tone generation standby processing routine, in step SP70 shown in FIG. 10, the subtraction value DLT1 is subtracted from the reference value CRT (i) to calculate a new reference value CRT (i), and then the process proceeds to step SP71. Input data IN (i) is reference value CRT
It is determined whether or not (i) is exceeded, and if a positive result is not obtained, the processing routine ends. On the other hand, if a positive result is obtained in step SP71, the process proceeds to the next step SP72, the reference value CRT (i) is updated to the newly obtained input data IN (i), and the process proceeds to step SP73. In this step SP73, it is judged whether or not the input data IN (i) exceeds the maximum vibration value MAX (i), and if a negative result is obtained, the processing routine is terminated and a positive result is obtained. If so, the maximum vibration value MAX (i) is updated to the newly obtained input data IN (i), and then the processing routine ends. As a result, for example, in FIG.
As shown in, input data IN (i)
Exceeds the reference value CRT (i) at that time, this input data IN (i) is reset as a new reference value CRT (i).

In the re-pronunciation prohibition processing routine, as shown in FIG. 11, the reference value CRT (i) is set in step SP80.
After subtracting the subtraction value DLT1 from to calculate a new reference value CRT (i), the process proceeds to step SP81, where it is determined whether or not the input data IN (i) exceeds the reference value CRT (i), and the result is negative. When a result is obtained, the processing routine is ended, while when a positive result is obtained, the process proceeds to step SP82.
Reference value CRT (i) newly obtained input data IN (i)
After updating to, the processing routine ends.

Further, in the re-pronunciation permission processing routine, the 12th
As shown in the figure, in step SP90 the reference value CRT
A new reference value CRT is obtained by subtracting the subtraction value DLT2 from (i).
After calculating (i), proceed to step SP91 to input data
It is determined whether or not IN (i) exceeds the reference value CRT (i), and if a negative result is obtained, the processing routine ends. On the other hand, if a positive result is obtained, step SP
In 92, it is judged whether or not the difference between the input data IN (i) and the reference value CRT (i) exceeds the threshold level THRS2, and if a negative result is obtained, step SP94
Go to step SP93 if a positive result is obtained. In step SP93, the status ST (i) is set to 1
And set the maximum vibration value MAX (i) to the newly obtained input data IN (i), and then proceed to step SP94 to set the reference value CRT.
After making (i) the newly obtained input data IN (i),
The processing routine ends. Thereby, for example, the thirteenth
If the input data IN (i) exceeds the reference value CRT (i) and the difference is larger than the threshold level THRS2 during the re-sound production permission period as indicated by the chain line B in the figure, Immediate status ST (i) to perform pronunciation
= 1. In this case, if the difference between the input data IN (i) and the reference value CRT (i) is less than or equal to the threshold level THRS2 as shown by the chain line C in FIG. 13, the reference value CRT (i) is updated. It is updated to the input data IN (i) obtained in.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, each status ST
The setting of the range of (i) may be changed arbitrarily. Also,
Although the reduction rate of the reference value CRT (i) is changed at the boundary of the status ST (i) = 15, it is not always necessary to change it in two steps as described above, and it is possible to change it in another step. Of course it doesn't matter. Furthermore, in the example,
Although the electronic percussion instrument has been described as an example, the electronic percussion instrument may be used as long as it can detect similar vibrations.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the maximum value of the vibration amount of the performance operator is stored in the maximum value storage means, and the actual vibration of the performance operator is determined based on this maximum value. A reference value corresponding to a virtual pseudo-envelope similar to the envelope is generated from the reference value generating means, the reference value and the amount of vibration are compared to detect excitation, and when the excitation is detected, a musical tone is generated. Since it is generated, it is possible to freely set the pseudo envelope that is the reference for determining the excitation, and by appropriately setting this pseudo envelope, it is possible to reliably determine the excitation. Is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention,
2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a vibration detection circuit for detecting the vibration of the pad of the same embodiment, FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the same embodiment, and FIGS. 4 to 12 are the same. FIG. 13 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the embodiment, FIG. 13 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment, FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a performance operation section of a conventional electronic percussion instrument, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a vibration detection circuit in the performance operation section. P _{1 to} P ₈ …… Pad, 10 …… Multiplexer, 11 …… A / D
Converter, 14 …… Sound signal generator, 20 …… CPU, 21
...... ROM, 22 ...... RAM, 23 ...... Interrupt timer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vibration detecting means for detecting a vibration amount of a performance operator to be played, a maximum value storing means for storing a maximum value of the vibration amount output from the vibration detecting means, and a maximum value storing means. Based on the value stored in, the reference value generating means for generating a reference value corresponding to a virtual pseudo envelope similar to the envelope of the actual vibration of the performance operator, the reference value and the amount of vibration A tone generation instruction means for comparing and instructing the tone generation, and a tone generation instruction by the tone generation instruction means,
An electronic musical instrument, comprising: a musical sound generating means for generating a musical sound corresponding to the value stored in the maximum value storing means.