JPH077053B2 - Transceiver for speed measurement system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wave transmission / reception device for a velocity measurement system which is used in ships and the like and utilizes the Doppler effect. More specifically, the present invention relates to a plurality of ultrasonic pulse emission and An incident (transmission, reception) element (hereinafter, radiation for ultrasonic pulse and an element for incidence is simply referred to as an element) is integrally formed to form a wave transmitting / receiving portion on the outer surface of the bottom of a ship (hereinafter simply referred to as a ship bottom). , Etc., and further, in cooperation with the signal processing system, first, in the transmitting / receiving section, ultrasonic pulses formed in main radiation (hereinafter, referred to as a beam) in four directions are submerged. After that, each ultrasonic pulse is reflected on the sea bottom, etc., and the received signals in each of the four beam directions are discriminated from the ultrasonic pulses incident with the Doppler frequency deviation. To derive Therefore, it is possible to calculate the absolute speed and / or distance to the seabed in four directions, simplification of the structure and miniaturization, and the flexibility of arrangement on the ship bottom and the like is improved. Regarding wave device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Recently, in ships and the like, ground speed measurement systems that calculate and display absolute speed and / or distance and the like with respect to the sea bottom and the like are widely used. The ground speed measurement system first forms an ultrasonic wave (high frequency signal) of a frequency of 125 KHz into a pulse signal at a predetermined interval in cooperation with the wave transmitting / receiving unit fixed to the ship bottom and the signal processing system. The ultrasonic pulse is generated, amplified, and formed into a peak power 6 KW or the like, and radiated into the sea at a predetermined depression angle, for example, 60 °. Then, the ultrasonic pulse is reflected on the sea bottom or the like, and the reflected ultrasonic pulse is made incident on the transmitting / receiving unit. Then, the ultrasonic pulse incident from the wave transmitting / receiving unit is derived as a reception signal accompanied by Doppler frequency deviation. From the received signal derived in this way, the absolute velocity and / or the distance to the sea bottom are calculated and displayed.

Such a speed measuring system is called, for example, a Doppler sonar or a Doppler log. In a speed measuring system of this type that is actually used, for example, a wave transmitting / receiving unit configured as a separate body for individually emitting four-beam ultrasonic pulses is attached to the bottom of the ship near the bow.
This is to compensate for the absolute velocity of the ship's sway,
For example, four beams of ultrasonic pulses are radiated in the bow, stern direction, port and starboard directions, and the arithmetic mean and the like are calculated with the respective received signals obtained from the ultrasonic pulses reflected and reflected. On the basis of doing so and calculating a relatively accurate absolute velocity and / or distance etc.

The transmitting and receiving parts are 4 in the bow, stern direction and port and starboard directions.
Although a dedicated wave transmitting / receiving unit for emitting and emitting the ultrasonic pulse of the beam, that is, four wave transmitting / receiving units were separately arranged and used, a wave transmitting / receiving unit having a further simplified structure is used. Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho
It is possible to cite the wave transmission / reception device for the speed measurement system shown in the 63-48319 publication.

An outline of the wave transmission / reception device for the speed measurement system is shown in FIG. In this example, the elements L _{1 to} L _n are connected to a phase line (not shown) and arranged in a straight line, and the beams generated by the arrangement of the elements L _{1 to} L _n are arranged so as to occur in the bow and stern directions. The transmitting / receiving unit 2, and the phase inverter
4a and 4b, transmission / reception switching means 6a and 6b for deriving a reception signal by incidence of an ultrasonic pulse from the transmission / reception unit 2 and further supplying the ultrasonic pulse signal P _{W to} the transmission / reception unit 2, a predetermined width, and Ultrasonic pulse signal formed at peak power
RF power generation means 8 for generating P _W , λ / 4 (π / 2
It has a phase advancer 12, a λ / 4 delayer 14, and adders 16 and 18.

In the structure, as shown in FIG. 2, the element L ₁ ,
The distance L between L ₂ , L ₃ ... L _n is defined as a half wavelength (λ / 2), and the element L ₁ ,
When L ₂ , L ₃ ... L _n are alternately excited in opposite phases, the directivity of the ultrasonic pulse A _S appearing in the visible region is formed at 60 °. At the time of transmission, as shown in FIG. 3A, the beam is 60 ° on the straight line in the bow and stern direction with the normal line in between.
Are formed with an interval of. On the other hand, when receiving,
After the ultrasonic pulse reflected with the same beam direction as that at the time of transmission is made incident on the transmitting / receiving section 2, the signals S ₁ and S ₂ derived from the transmission / reception switching means 6a and 6b are respectively transmitted by λ.
In the / 4 phase advancer 12 and the λ / 4 phase lag device 14, π / 2 phase advance and lag phase signal processing is performed. Then, when combined in the adders 16 and 18, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the ultrasonic pulses that are incident with the normal line formed at 30 ° in the bow and stern directions are received signals. Derived separately into E _F and E _A.

The received signals E _F and E _A are formed into digital signals, for example, and then signal processing is performed using a microprocessor or the like to calculate the absolute velocity and / or distance from the ship bottom to the sea bottom, etc. Further, it is displayed with a number on a display device such as a counter.

When the example shown in FIG. 1 is put into practical use,
Emit ultrasonic pulse A _S formed into four beams in the bow, stern direction and port, starboard, and receive signal E _F obtained from the reflected and incident ultrasonic pulse and
The absolute velocity and / or distance from the sea bottom is calculated from E _{A using} the arithmetic mean, and the error due to the rocking of the ship is corrected by this. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, two sets of the transmitting / receiving sections 2 are formed, for example, with a predetermined depression angle, and at the bow, the stern direction and the port side.
It is necessary to dispose two sets of the wave transmitting / receiving section 2 separately formed on the ship bottom so that the beam is formed in the starboard direction. Further, as a result, a corresponding number of power supply lines are laid, and relatively complicated improvements have been demanded.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a wave transmitting / receiving unit in which a plurality of elements are integrally formed so as to form a beam in four directions is used in a ship or the like. It is installed on the bottom of the ship, etc., and in cooperation with the transmitting / receiving unit and the signal processing system,
First, ultrasonic waves formed into four beams from the transmitting / receiving unit are simultaneously radiated downward in the sea or the like, and then each ultrasonic pulse is reflected on the sea bottom or the like, where the Doppler frequency deviation is accompanied by the ultrasonic waves. An ultrasonic pulse that is made incident on the wave transmitting / receiving unit is formed into a reception signal and supplied to the signal processing system.
Further, the signal processing system discriminates and derives each of the received signals of the four-direction beams, thereby making it possible to calculate the absolute velocity and / or distance with respect to the sea bottom in the four directions, while simplifying the configuration and reducing the size. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wave transmission / reception device for a speed measurement system in which the arrangement of the wave transmission / reception section on the ship bottom or the like is relatively unrestricted, that is, the degree of freedom of arrangement on the ship bottom or the like is improved. And

[Means for Achieving the Object] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention involves emitting a ultrasonic pulse from a moving body and causing a Doppler frequency deviation from a substantial reflecting surface that reflects the ultrasonic pulse. In the wave transmission / reception device for a velocity measurement system, which introduces a reflected ultrasonic pulse and derives a signal indicating the velocity between the moving body and the reflection surface from the received signal obtained, the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave is λ. When n is a natural number of 2 or more, 2n vibrating elements in the transverse direction and 2n vibrating elements in the column direction, and the spacing between adjacent vibrating elements, respectively. 4 vibrating elements which are two-dimensionally arranged so as to form a square and are composed of two vibrating elements which are adjacent to each other in the transverse direction and two vibrating elements which are adjacent to each other in the column direction and which do not overlap in the traverse direction and the column direction. Is defined as one block, and it is divided into a positive-phase block and a negative-phase block alternately in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the vibrating elements having the corresponding positional relationship among the four vibrating elements of each block of the same phase are commonly connected. The eight vibrating element groups are respectively connected to the signal lines, and the first to fourth
One end of the phase inverter is connected to each of the four signal lines of the anti-phase block, and the other ends of the first to fourth phase inverters are connected to the signal line connected to one end of the phase inverter. Radiation of the ultrasonic pulse by connecting to each of the four signal lines to which the vibration element corresponding to the positional relationship in the positive-phase block and the corresponding vibration element are connected. At the same time, by simultaneously supplying signals of the same phase to the four power supply lines, ultrasonic pulses having the same depression angle in front and back and left and right are simultaneously emitted in four directions, while at the time of reception, supersonic waves in the four directions reflected by the reflecting surface are received. A transmitting / receiving unit that receives a sound wave pulse and outputs first to fourth signals from the four power supply lines; and a first adder that adds the first signal and the fourth signal. , The phase of the second signal A second adder for adding the inverted signal of the third signal and the third signal, a third adder for adding the second signal and the third signal, and a phase of the fourth signal A fourth adder for adding a signal obtained by inverting and an output signal of the first adder, a signal obtained by delaying the output signal of the first adder by λ / 4, and an output signal of the second adder. A fifth adder for adding, a sixth adder for adding a signal obtained by advancing the output signal of the first adder by λ / 4 and an output signal of the second adder, and the third adder Of the output signal of the third adder and a signal obtained by adding the output signal of the fourth adder to the output signal of the fourth adder and the output signal of the third adder by a λ / 4 phase advance. And a signal processing system having an eighth adder for adding the output signal of the fourth adder to the output signal of the fifth to eighth adders. And characterized by sending a signal indicating the four directions of the velocity of the left and right.

[Embodiment] Next, a preferred embodiment of the wave transmission / reception device for a velocity measurement system according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in order to avoid complication in the text, the same components are denoted by the same reference symbols, and
A duplicate description will be omitted.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, an ultrasonic pulse is radiated in four directions, for example, port, starboard and bow, and a stern direction, and a transmitting / receiving section 40 for injecting an ultrasonic pulse reflected at the seabed, A predetermined pulse width to the wave transmitting / receiving unit 40, and sends out an ultrasonic pulse signal P _S formed to a peak value power, further received signal S ₅ to obtained from the ultrasonic pulse made incident on the wave transmitting / receiving unit 40 The signal processing system 44 performs a discrimination process corresponding to 4 beams from S ₈ respectively.

First, the transmitting / receiving unit 40 will be described. In the wave transmitting / receiving unit 40, the respective elements a to d are arranged in columns and rows with a space between them in the transverse direction. They are arranged separately. Therefore, the elements a to d are arranged with a distance of 1λ between the diagonal lines. Here, each of a to d forms one block. Further, each block is divided into a positive-phase block and a negative-phase block alternately in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the element forming the positive-phase block is not necessary, and the element forming the negative-phase block is (See FIG. 5 and FIG. 6). Note that λ is one wavelength of the ultrasonic pulse signal P _S. The elements a to d are formed in a so-called phased array type as illustrated on the positive phase side and the antiphase side of each of the phase lines FL _a , FL _b, FL _c, and FL _d. Are connected (hereinafter, in each of the elements a to d, the elements excited in a positive phase are indicated by or). Here, in order to avoid complication, details of the actual configuration are omitted. For example, the elements a to d have 16 rows in the beam direction and 16 rows in the direction perpendicular to the beam.
256 elements arranged in rows are used, and in order to suppress side lobes, the corresponding elements a to d are weighted. Then, one of the line -aj one end of the phase inverter 52 phase line FL _a, i.e., is connected to the device connection side, one of the lines -bj phase line FL _b is connected to one end of the phase inverter 54 There is. Further, one line −cj of the phase line FL _c is connected to one end of the phase inverter 56, and
One line -dj of FL _d is connected to one end of the phase inverter 58, respectively. Then, the other ends of the phase inverters 52, 54 and 56, 58, that is, the input side of the ultrasonic pulse signal P _S at the time of transmission, and the derivation side of the signal at the time of reception are the phase lines FL _a and FL _{b respectively} . The other track + aj, + bj and +
cj and + dj are connected. With this configuration, the feed lines are connected to the other ends of the phase inverters 52, 54 and 56, 58.
L _a , L _b and L _c , L _d are connected. The power supply line
For L _a , L _b and L _c , L _d , for example, a coaxial cable 62 or the like is used, and a signal processing system 44 installed at a required place in the ship.
It is connected between and.

Next, the signal processing system 44 will be described. Is the signal processing system 44 feeding line L _a is, for example, a coaxial relay, is connected to a first end of the transmission and reception switching unit 66 using a semiconductor switch or the like, also the feed line L _b is the first end of the transmission and reception switching unit 68 It is connected.
Further, the feeding line L _c is connected to the first end of the transmission / reception switching means 70, and the feeding line L _d is connected to the first end of the transmission / reception switching means 72.

On the other hand, the second of each of the transmission / reception switching means 66, 68 and 70, 72
An ultrasonic pulse signal P _S formed in a pulse shape with a predetermined peak value power is supplied from the high frequency power generating means 74. Next, the third ends of the transmission / reception switching means 66, 68 and 70, 72 are connected to the reception signal discriminating portion 80, respectively.

The received signal discriminating unit 80 includes phase inverters 82 and 84 and an adder.
86, 88 and 92, 94. The third end of the transmission / reception switching means 66 is connected to the phase inverter 82 and the adder 94. Further, the third end of the transmission / reception switching means 68 and the adder 88
And 92 are connected to each other, and the fourth end of the transmission / reception switching means 70 is connected to the phase inverter 84 and the adder 88. Next, the third end of the transmission / reception switching means 72 is connected to the adders 86 and 94.

The adder 86 is connected to the adders 95 and 96, and the adder 88 is connected to the λ / 4 phase advancer 97a and the λ / 4 phase retarder 97b. Further, the output ends of the λ / 4 phase advancer 97a and the λ / 4 phase retarder 97b are connected to the adders 95 and 96, respectively. Adder 92 and adders 98 and 99 are connected, and adder 94 and λ / 4 phase advancer
The output terminals of 100a and the λ / 4 phase retarder 100b are respectively connected to the adder 98 and
Connected to 99.

From the adders 95, 96 and 98, 99 connected in this way, reception direction signals S _Ra , S _Rb and S _Rc , S _Rd corresponding to the port, starboard, bow and stern directions are derived.

The wave transmission / reception device for a velocity measurement system according to this embodiment is configured as described above, and its operation and effect will be described below.

Here, the principle will be described in order to facilitate understanding of the operation of the wave transmission / reception device for a speed measurement system. In the wave transmission / reception device for the velocity measurement system, the reception direction signals S _Ra , S _Rb and S _Rc , S for calculating the absolute velocity and / or the distance with respect to the sea bottom in four directions based on the Doppler frequency deviation.
_{Although Rd} is derived, the above calculation is performed using the frequency (f ₀ ) of the ultrasonic pulse radiated from the wave transmitter / receiver 40, and the frequency (f ₀ ) reflected by the sea bottom and injected again in the wave transmitter / receiver 40. _It suffices to obtain it by the well-known formulas in _b ) etc. Therefore, detailed explanation will not be required.

Here, a part of the element a of the wave transmission / reception unit 40 in FIG.
The sequences of b, c and d are shown in FIG. The transmission / reception unit 40 is known as an equal amplitude excitation linear phased array type in which the elements a, b, c and d are excited with a constant amplitude and a positive phase and a reverse phase. Is the excitation phase difference δ, the directivity R
(Θ) is Indicated by.

However, φ = 2π / λ · d · sin θ−δ (2) The principle described above can change the main beam direction by changing the excitation phase difference δ of each element a, b, c, d. It is possible to form a so-called phased array.

Further, in the transmitting / receiving unit 40, a beam having a depression angle of 60 ° is incident, but the formation of the depression angle of 60 ° will be described here. It is assumed that an ultrasonic pulse of a sinusoidal plane wave is incident on the n elements a, b, c, and d arranged on a straight line at an angle θ with respect to the vertical line. With reference to the _0th element R ₀ , the reception signal of the _mth element R _m is delayed by the time required for the ultrasonic pulse to travel the distance l _m = md cos θ. That is, frequency ω =
The phase delay for an ultrasonic pulse of wavelength λ at 2πf is Then, if the phase delay between adjacent elements is expressed in radians, Becomes

Therefore, in order to input a plane wave in the direction of 60 ° with a phase difference of π / 2, it is understood that the intervals of the elements a, b, c and d should be λ / 2.

Also, Substituting the above relationship into the expression Therefore, And is not affected by the speed of sound.

Further, each of the elements a to d and the phase line FL
_As an example of forming a specific main beam direction and depression angle with an array of a to FL _d , for example, transmission / reception with the contents described in Chapter 5, "Array Antenna", published by Ohmsha, Inc. By arranging and arranging the respective elements in the wave device, it is possible to realize and actually operate a transducer in which a beam is formed in the depression angle and direction required in the present invention.

Based on this principle, focusing on the X _A1 -X _A2 axis in FIG. And are arranged as element rows having phases opposite to each other. This opposite phase In the column, first, elements are connected to the positive phase side line of the phase line FL _b , and then to the antiphase side line of the phase line FL _c. Are formed by being connected to each other. Then, during transmission, the element and are excited in the same phase. In this case, the element is connected to the positive phase side line of the phase line FL _a , and the element is connected to the positive phase side line of the phase line FL _b . Further, the elements and are connected to the positive phase side lines of the phase lines FL _c and FL _d , respectively, and the elements or are formed in the same phase.

Similarly, a pair of transmission beams are formed in the port and starboard directions X _B1 -X _B2 axis directions. Furthermore, the same applies to the Y _A1 −Y _A2 axis. In the row, for example, a pair of beams are formed in the bow and stern directions Y _B1 -Y _B2 axial directions. Therefore, at the time of transmission, as shown in FIG. 6, 4 in the X ₁ -X ₂ axis direction and the Y ₁ -Y ₂ axis direction.
Beam simultaneously in the direction of port and beam B _{MX1 in the} port and starboard directions
B _MX2 , and beam B _{MY1 in the} bow and stern direction
And B _MY2 are formed.

Here, the synthesis and separation of the port and starboard directions and the bow and stern beams at the time of reception are shown in FIG.
Performed with signal processing at 80. From the array of elements --- on the X _B1 -X _B2 axis, the phase of the received signal S ₈ of the element and the received signal S _{5 of the} element are inverted by the phase inverter 82 and added by the adder 86, respectively, and further added to the adder 95. input.
Further, the signal from the adder 88 is supplied to the adder 95 as a λ / 4 phase shifter.
It is input via 97a and becomes a port-side reception direction signal S _Ra (this is a 0-phase signal).

Next, in the X _A1 −X _A2 axis Are arranged, and if signals are added as they are, the phase becomes positive. However, compared with the received signals S ₇ and S ₈ and S ₅ of the element and the element, the phase becomes a delay of λ / 2, which becomes a delay of π / 2 phase at a depression angle of 60 °. Where the received signal
S ₇ and S ₆ are added by the adder 88, passed through the λ / 4 delay device 97b, and further added by the adder 96 together with the signal from the adder 86. Therefore, the reception direction signal S _{Rb in} the starboard direction having a π / 2 phase with respect to the reception direction signal S _Ra in the port direction is obtained. Thus, the receiving direction signals S _Ra and S in the port and starboard directions, respectively.
_Can be separated into _Rb .

Similarly, for the Y _B1 − Y _B2 axis With the received signal S ₆ of The received signal S _{7 of 1} is inverted in phase by the phase inverter 84, added by the adder 92, and input to the adder 98. Further, the signal from the adder 94 is fed to the adder 98 by the λ / 4 phase shifter 100a.
The signal is input via the terminal to derive a reception direction signal S _Rc in the bow direction. Note that the reception direction signal S _Rc has zero phase.

Next, on the Y _A1 -Y _A2 axis, the reception signals S ₅ and S ₈ of the elements and are added by the adder 94, and via the λ / 4 phase retarder 100b, the signal from the adder 92 is added together with the adder 99. Are added to obtain a reception direction signal S _Rd in the stern direction, which is delayed by π / 2 phase with respect to the reception direction signal S _Rc . As a result, it is possible to separate the reception direction signals S _Rc and S _{Rd in the} bow and stern directions, respectively.

Seventh beam X ₁ to the port and starboard direction in FIG, X _2, shows a further state of the bow and aft beam Y _1, Y ₂ are formed, also received as shown in FIG. 4 in FIG. 8 The working circuit of the signal discriminating unit 80 is shown. In this example, the received signals S _{5 to} S _8
Are supplied to the comparators 102 to ₁₀₈ via resistors R _{102a to} R _108b for obtaining a predetermined driving state. Here, the receiving direction signals S _Ra , S corresponding to the port, starboard, bow, and stern directions
_Rb, S _Rc and S _Rd are derived. Note that the comparators 102 to 1
08 has an input polarity as shown, and signal processing is performed by the same phase processing as the adders 86 to 94 shown in FIG.

By doing so, the wave transmission / reception unit 40 is integrated,
For example, four-beam ultrasonic pulses are simultaneously emitted at a predetermined depression angle in a single housing, and at the time of reception, reception direction signals S _Ra , S _Rb and S in port, starboard and bow / stern directions are received. _Rc and S _Rd can be created. The reception direction signals S _Ra , S _Rb and S _Rc , S _Rd derived here are formed into, for example, digital signals, and thereafter, subjected to signal processing in a microcomputer or the like, from the ship bottom to the sea bottom. After the absolute speed and / or the distance is calculated, the numerical value is displayed on a display device such as a counter.

In this way, the transceiving section that simultaneously radiates four beams is formed in an integral shape, so that, for example, it is approximately 20% compared to a 70 KHz single-plate element, and a 2-beam phased array transceiving section. It is downsized to about 45% compared to the case of using two sets. As a result, for example, on the bottom of a large ship, it is possible to dispose the Lp-p (total length) / 10 close to Lp-p (total length) / 10 in which bubbles are not generated (foaming) when the water is shallow.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a wave transmitting / receiving unit in which a plurality of elements are integrally formed so as to form beams in four directions is arranged on a ship bottom or the like. At the same time, under the cooperation of the transmitting / receiving unit and the signal processing system, first, the ultrasonic pulses formed into 4 beams from the transmitting / receiving unit are simultaneously radiated downward in the sea, and then, The respective ultrasonic pulses are reflected by the sea bottom or the like, and the ultrasonic pulses that are incident on the transmitting / receiving section with Doppler frequency deviation are formed into a reception signal and supplied to the signal processing system. Further, the signal processing system discriminates and derives each of the received signals of the four-direction beams, thereby making it possible to calculate the absolute velocity and / or distance with respect to the sea bottom in the four directions, while simplifying the configuration and reducing the size. Is achieved, and the arrangement of the wave transmission / reception section on the ship bottom is relatively unrestricted,
That is, the degree of freedom of arrangement on the ship bottom or the like is improved. As a result, the following advantages and effects are further exhibited.

The wave transmission / reception unit is integrally formed, for example, housed in a single frame, which simplifies the configuration and reduces manufacturing steps and the like.

By forming the wave transmission / reception unit composed of a plurality of elements in a single frame, the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the ship bottom and the like is improved, that is, it is possible to arrange the optimum position and at the same time maintain the function, that is, The convenience of maintenance and inspection is improved.

The number of coaxial cables from the transmitting / receiving unit is, for example, one, which simplifies the laying of the coaxial cables to the signal processing system having a relatively long distance in the ship.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment,
It goes without saying that various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a wave transmission / reception device for a velocity measurement system according to a conventional technique, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram provided for explaining an operation of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a pattern diagram showing the characteristics of radiation and incidence of ultrasonic pulses in the explanation of the operation of the example shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an embodiment of a wave transmission / reception device for a velocity measurement system according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial configuration diagram showing an arrangement state of elements in the wave transmitting / receiving section of one embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a transmitter / receiver in one embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern diagram showing the radiation characteristics of ultrasonic pulses with respect to the arrangement of the elements of the wave portion. FIG. 7 is an explanation of the operation for discriminating the received signals in four directions from the incidence of ultrasonic pulses in the embodiment shown in FIG. Of the incident pattern for use in the system, Fig. 8 It is a circuit diagram showing a production circuit of the reception signal discrimination unit shown in Figure 4. 40 ... Transmission / reception section, 44 ... Signal processing system 52,54,56,58 ... Phase inverter 66,68,70,72 ... Transmission / reception switching means 80 ... Reception signal discrimination section 86,88,92, 94 …… Adder a ～ d …… Element for emitting and injecting ultrasonic pulse ………… Positive phase excitation element S _Ra …… Port direction reception direction signal S _Rb …… Starboard direction reception direction signal S _Rc …. … Reception direction signal in the bow direction S _Rd …… Reception direction signal in the stern direction FL _a , FL _b , FL _c , FL _d …… Phase line

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A ultrasonic wave pulse emitted from a moving body and reflected by the Doppler frequency deviation from a substantial reflecting surface for reflecting the ultrasonic wave pulse, and an ultrasonic wave pulse reflected from the received ultrasonic wave is obtained from the received signal. In a wave transmission / reception device for a velocity measurement system for deriving a signal indicating a velocity between a moving body and the reflecting surface, when the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave is λ and n is a natural number of 2 or more, 2n in the transverse direction and 2n vibrating elements in the column direction, the spacing between adjacent vibrating elements respectively 4 vibrating elements which are two-dimensionally arranged so as to form a square and are composed of two vibrating elements which are adjacent to each other in the transverse direction and two vibrating elements which are adjacent to each other in the column direction and which do not overlap in the traverse direction and the column direction. Is defined as one block, and it is divided into a positive-phase block and a negative-phase block alternately in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the vibrating elements having the corresponding positional relationship among the four vibrating elements of each block of the same phase are commonly connected. The eight vibrating element groups are respectively connected to the signal lines, and the first to fourth
One end of the phase inverter is connected to each of the four signal lines of the anti-phase block, and the other ends of the first to fourth phase inverters are connected to the signal line connected to one end of the phase inverter. Radiation of the ultrasonic pulse by connecting to each of the four signal lines to which the vibration element corresponding to the positional relationship in the positive-phase block and the corresponding vibration element are connected. At the same time, by simultaneously supplying signals of the same phase to the four power supply lines, ultrasonic pulses having the same depression angle in front and back and left and right are simultaneously emitted in four directions, while at the time of reception, supersonic waves in the four directions reflected by the reflecting surface are received. A transmitting / receiving unit that receives a sound wave pulse and outputs first to fourth signals from the four power supply lines; and a first adder that adds the first signal and the fourth signal. , The phase of the second signal A second adder for adding the inverted signal of the third signal and the third signal, a third adder for adding the second signal and the third signal, and a phase of the fourth signal A fourth adder for adding a signal obtained by inverting and an output signal of the first adder, a signal obtained by delaying the output signal of the first adder by λ / 4, and an output signal of the second adder. A fifth adder for adding, a sixth adder for adding a signal obtained by advancing the output signal of the first adder by λ / 4 and an output signal of the second adder, and the third adder Of the output signal of the third adder and a signal obtained by adding the output signal of the fourth adder to the output signal of the fourth adder and the output signal of the third adder by a λ / 4 phase advance. And a signal processing system having an eighth adder for adding the output signal of the fourth adder to the output signal of the fifth to eighth adders. And left and right four directions of the velocity measurement system for transducing apparatus characterized by sending a signal indicative of the speed.