JPH0771437B2 - Far infrared fish farming equipment - Google Patents
Far infrared fish farming equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0771437B2 JPH0771437B2 JP3286711A JP28671191A JPH0771437B2 JP H0771437 B2 JPH0771437 B2 JP H0771437B2 JP 3286711 A JP3286711 A JP 3286711A JP 28671191 A JP28671191 A JP 28671191A JP H0771437 B2 JPH0771437 B2 JP H0771437B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- water
- far
- fish
- infrared
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、遠赤外線養魚装置に関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a far infrared ray fish farming apparatus.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、サケ・マスを人工孵化し、稚魚
を人工飼育するには、湧水を使用することが、水質、水
温などの面から最も好ましく、しかも、流水状態で使用
し、繰り返し使用することはできず、大量の用水を必要
とする。しかしながら、養魚施設が普及し、また、自然
破壊などのために、湧水を確保することが年々困難にな
り、湧水に代わって、河川水、伏流水などを使用しなけ
ればならない状態に至っている。2. Description of the Related Art For example, to artificially hatch salmon and trout and artificially rear fry, it is most preferable to use spring water from the viewpoint of water quality, water temperature, etc. It cannot be used and requires a large amount of water. However, because of the widespread use of fish farming facilities and the destruction of nature, it has become difficult to secure spring water every year, and river water and underground water have to be used instead of spring water. There is.
【０００３】ところで、サケ・マスの稚魚にとって好ま
しい水温は、それぞれ育つ地方の湧水温度に依存してお
り、ほぼ８〜１２℃とされている。しかしながら、北海
道など、サケ・マスが回帰する地方の厳寒期の河川水や
伏流水の水温は、せいぜい0.３〜４℃程度であるので、
このまま飼育に使用すると、稚魚の放流時期までに、十
分発育させることができない。しかしながら、用水を加
熱して使用すると、前記のとおり、用水は使い捨てにす
る必要があるので、膨大な熱量が必要となり、経済的に
成り立たないばかりか、溶存酸素濃度の低下や、用水中
の微生物などの生態系に変化が起こるなどり、飼育環境
を悪化させるので好ましくない。By the way, the preferable water temperature for juvenile salmon and trout depends on the spring water temperature in the regions where they grow, and is set at about 8 to 12 ° C. However, the temperature of river water and underground water in the severe cold season of salmon and trout, such as Hokkaido, is at most 0.3-4 ° C, so
If it is used for breeding as it is, sufficient growth cannot be achieved by the time the fry are released. However, when the water is heated and used, as described above, the water needs to be thrown away, so a huge amount of heat is required, which is not economically feasible, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is lowered and microorganisms in the water are used. It is not preferable because it causes a change in the ecosystem such as and deteriorates the breeding environment.
【０００４】サケ・マスの仔魚、即ち、さいのうを持つ
稚魚は、さいのうを吸収し、取れるまで、一か所にじっ
としている習性があるが、水温の低い養魚槽内で飼育す
ると、これらの仔魚は、より好ましい場所を求めて流れ
を遡及する性質がある。したがって、仔魚が養魚槽の上
流部に集まり、固体密度が過大となるなど、成育環境を
悪化させるという問題がある。そこで、本発明者らは、
温度の低い河川水や伏流水で、仔魚を一定の場所にじっ
とさせる方法として、稚魚、特に、仔魚に、直接遠赤外
線を放射することにより、適温以下の水温でも、放流時
期までに十分発育させることのできる手段を発明した。The larvae of salmon and trout, that is, the juveniles with cypress, have a habit of staying in one place until they absorb the cypress and get it, but are bred in a fish tank with low water temperature. Then, these larvae have the property of tracing the flow in search of a more preferable place. Therefore, there is a problem that larvae gather in the upstream part of the fish tank and the solid density becomes excessively high, so that the growth environment is deteriorated. Therefore, the present inventors
As a method of keeping larvae in a certain place with low-temperature river water or underground water, far-infrared rays are directly radiated to juveniles, especially larvae, so that the larvae can grow sufficiently by the release time even at water temperatures below the optimum temperature I invented the means that can do it.
【０００５】即ち、前記特許された手段は、養魚槽の上
を覆うように遠赤外線ヒーターを配置し、養魚槽の底に
潜む稚魚に向かって遠赤外線を放射するようにしたも
の、及び、養魚槽の底に発熱体を配置し、水底部に熱を
及ぼし、遠赤外線放射環境を形成するようにしたもので
ある。これらの発明のいずれも、養魚槽の中を流れる用
水を温めるものではなく、輻射熱、熱伝導により直接稚
魚に暖を採らせるようにしたものである。これらの方法
は、いずれも、流下する用水の温度を適温にするエネル
ギーより、遙かに低いエネルギー消費で、しかも、発熱
体を養魚槽の上、又は、水底に配置するという比較的簡
単な設備で足りるので、経済的であり、しかも、低温の
用水を使用して、放流時期に、十分な大きさに成長させ
ることに成功し、実用段階に達している。That is, the patented means is one in which a far-infrared heater is arranged so as to cover the top of the fish tank, and the far-infrared rays are radiated toward the juvenile fish lurking at the bottom of the fish tank. A heating element is placed at the bottom of the tank to apply heat to the bottom of the water to form a far infrared radiation environment. In none of these inventions, the water flowing in the fish tank is warmed, but the fry are warmed directly by radiant heat or heat conduction. In all of these methods, the energy consumption is much lower than the energy that makes the temperature of the flowing water appropriate, and the heating element is a relatively simple facility that is placed on the fish tank or at the bottom of the water. Since it is sufficient, it has been economical, and has succeeded in using water at low temperature to grow it to a sufficient size at the time of discharge, and has reached the practical stage.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、前記実用水
槽は、全長ほぼ６０ｍ、幅ほぼ２ｍ、飼育時の水深１０
cmの水槽に、毎分約３０〜１００リットルの流量、平均
水温２℃の用水を使用し、遠赤外線を放射して仔魚を飼
育したところ、水温がほぼ0.０１７℃／ｍの割合で上昇
し、上流側と下流側とで、１〜２℃程度の温度差を生じ
た。このような環境のもとでは、上流側の仔魚と、下流
側の仔魚とでは、発育状態に明確な差が生じる結果が観
測された。したがって、放流時期に合わせて全稚魚を同
様の時期に放流することができないという問題が生じ
た。By the way, the above practical water tank has a total length of about 60 m, a width of about 2 m, and a water depth of 10 at the time of breeding.
Using a water tank with a flow rate of about 30 to 100 liters per minute and an average water temperature of 2 ° C in a cm water tank and radiating far infrared rays to raise larvae, the water temperature rose at a rate of approximately 0.017 ° C / m. Then, a temperature difference of about 1 to 2 ° C. was generated between the upstream side and the downstream side. Under such an environment, it was observed that there was a clear difference in the growth state between the larvae on the upstream side and the larvae on the downstream side. Therefore, there arises a problem that all the fry cannot be released at the same time according to the release time.
【０００７】 一方、養魚池に設置したヒートパイプに
よって養魚池の下流側の廃熱を上流側に汲み上げること
により、養魚池の上流側と下流側の温度差を小さくする
発明が提案されているが、この発明は、実用に供するこ
とができないものである（特開平１−２６２７４５号公
報参照）。 即ち、このヒートパイプは、銅製の細いパイ
プ内に液化したフロンを封入し、養魚池の下流側の廃熱
を用して液化フロンを蒸発させる一方、蒸発したフロン
ガスを養魚池の上流側で凝縮させることにより、養魚池
の下流側の廃熱を上流側を移行させるものであるが、こ
の養魚池は、平均水温が摂氏２℃であり、しかも、上流
側と下流側の温度差が摂氏１℃しかないので、実質的に
機能しないものと推察される。 また、この発明は、養魚
池の上方に配置した遠赤線放射体と飼育床に埋設した遠
赤線放射体をオンオフ制御するようになっていないの
で、養魚池の水温を制御できないばかりでなく、通電し
通しであるから、かなりの電力を無駄に使用しているこ
とになる。本発明は、係る従来の問題に着目してなされ
たものであり、その目的は、水槽中の上流側と下流側と
の温度差を小さくすると同時に、水槽の上方及び飼育床
内に設置させた多数の発熱体をきめ細かくオンオフ制御
して水槽の温度をよりきめ細かく制御して、従来よりも
稚魚の成育をより均一化させると共に、消費電力の無駄
使いを防止し得る非常に実用的な遠赤外線養魚装置を提
供することにある。 On the other hand, for heat pipes installed in fishponds
Therefore, pumping waste heat from the downstream side of the fishpond to the upstream side
To reduce the temperature difference between the upstream and downstream of the fishpond
Although an invention has been proposed, this invention is not suitable for practical use.
Cannot be achieved (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-262745)
See the report). In other words, this heat pipe is made of thin copper pie.
Liquefied CFC is enclosed in the pump, and waste heat from the downstream side of the fish pond
Liquefied CFCs are vaporized by using
By condensing gas on the upstream side of the fish pond,
The waste heat on the downstream side of the
The fishpond has an average water temperature of 2 degrees Celsius and is upstream
Since the temperature difference between the downstream side and the downstream side is only 1 degree Celsius, practically
It is speculated that it does not work. In addition, this invention is a fish farming
A far-infrared ray radiator placed above the pond and a far-infrared ray emitter buried in the breeding floor.
It ’s not designed to control the red line radiator on and off.
Not only can you not control the water temperature in the fish pond,
Since it is through, it consumes a lot of power in vain.
Becomes The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a conventional problem, and an object thereof is to provide an upstream side and a downstream side in a water tank.
At the same time as reducing the temperature difference between the
On / off control of many heating elements installed inside
And control the temperature of the water tank more finely,
More uniform growth of fry and waste of power consumption
Providing a very practical far-infrared fish farming device that can prevent use
To serve.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち、本発明の遠赤
外線養魚装置は、上流側に新水取入口、下流側に排水口
を有する養魚用水槽の飼育床を、その長手方向に沿って
多数の区画に区分すると共に、各区画に発熱体を埋設
し、更に、前記水槽の上方に、水槽に向かって遠赤外線
を照射する多数の発熱体を水槽の長手方向に沿って配設
し、更に、新水取入口と排水口及び飼育床の各区画に温
度検出器を設け、これらの各温度検出器が測定した温度
に基づいて新水取入口の水温ｔ １ と排水口の水温ｔ
ｎ＋１ との温度差Δｔが小さくなるように、前記発熱体
を個々にオンオフ制御することを特徴とするものであ
る。That is, the far-infrared fish farming apparatus of the present invention has a fresh water intake on the upstream side and a drainage port on the downstream side.
Along the longitudinal direction of the breeding floor of the fish tank with
Divide into many sections and embed heating elements in each section
In addition, far infrared rays toward the water tank above the water tank.
A large number of heating elements that irradiate the water are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the water tank.
In addition, the new water intake and drainage ports and each section of the breeding floor are warmed.
Temperature detector, and the temperature measured by each of these temperature detectors
Based on the water temperature of the new water inlet t 1 and the water temperature of the drain outlet t
The heating element so that the temperature difference Δt from n + 1 becomes small.
Is individually controlled to be turned on and off .
【０００９】前記遠赤外線放射体の熱源には、特に限定
はないが、電気ヒーターを使用することが、発熱量及び
温度の調節が容易であるので好ましい。即ち、フレキシ
ブルボード、アルミ板などの耐熱性の板に、電気ヒータ
ーを取り付け、その上に珪砂などのセラミック粉を混入
したバインダーをコーティングし、表面温度を１０〜５
０℃程度に加熱するものなど、従来から使用されるもの
をそのまま使用することができる。遠赤外線放射量の調
節は、通常は、供給電力を調節することによって行う
が、水面上方に取り付ける遠赤外線放射体の温度制御手
段として、赤外線放射体と水面との距離を調節する手段
を含ませることができる。また、養魚用水槽の底に配置
する前記発熱体には、特に限定はないが、電気ヒーター
を使用することが、発熱量及び温度の調節が容易である
ので好ましい。The heat source of the far-infrared radiator is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use an electric heater because it is easy to control the heat generation amount and temperature. That is, an electric heater is attached to a heat-resistant plate such as a flexible board or an aluminum plate, and a binder mixed with a ceramic powder such as silica sand is coated on the electric heater so that the surface temperature is 10 to 5
Conventionally used materials such as those heated to about 0 ° C. can be used as they are. The far-infrared radiation amount is usually adjusted by adjusting the power supply, but a means for adjusting the distance between the infrared radiation body and the water surface is included as a temperature control means for the far-infrared radiation body mounted above the water surface. be able to. The heating element arranged at the bottom of the aquarium for fish culture is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use an electric heater because the calorific value and the temperature can be easily adjusted.
【００１０】前記温度測定手段は、数十ｍ当たりの温度
変化が１℃程度の、ごく僅かな温度変化を検出する必要
があるので、水温の摂氏温度など、温度の高さそのもの
の外に、流れに沿う２点間の温度差を測定する手段を用
い、温度変化を検出することが好ましい。養魚用水槽の
底には、稚魚、特に仔魚が潜むことのできるように、例
えば３〜４cm程度の小石や、プラスチック板を湾曲させ
た小片などの漁礁を配置することが好ましい。Since the temperature measuring means is required to detect a very slight temperature change of about 1 ° C. per several tens of meters, it is necessary to detect a temperature change such as a water temperature in degrees Celsius. It is preferable to detect the temperature change using a means for measuring the temperature difference between two points along the flow. At the bottom of the aquarium for fish cultivation, it is preferable to arrange a fishing reef such as a pebble of about 3 to 4 cm or a small piece of a curved plastic plate so that fry, especially larvae can hide.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下添付の図を対照して、一実施例により、
本発明を具体的に説明する。本実施例は、人工孵化し、
放流するまでのサケ・マスの稚魚の飼育によって実施し
たものであり、孵化後、さいのうが取れふ上するまでの
仔魚の飼育時期は、仔魚を刺激しないために、昼夜共
に、可及的に暗くして飼育した。EXAMPLE In contrast to the accompanying drawings, according to one example,
The present invention will be specifically described. In this example, artificial hatching,
This was carried out by rearing the juvenile salmon and trout until release, and the larval breeding period after hatching and until the cypresses are lifted up is as long as possible day and night so as not to stimulate the larvae. Raised in the dark.
【００１２】図１に示す遠赤外線養魚装置の水槽１は、
図示しない建屋内に幅２ｍ、長さ６０ｍのもので、上流
側と下流側とに上辺に三角ノッチ（図示せず）を設けた
上流側の堰２と下流側の堰４とを設けたものである。な
お、図１に示す符号６は、堰２を着脱するための溝であ
る。そして、水槽１内には、基礎８上に敷設した断熱層
10の上に複数の発熱体12を間隔を詰めて配置し、その上
に押えモルタルから成る飼育床14を形成した。本実施例
では、堰４により、水深ｈを１０〜５０ｃｍに調節可能
にし。飼育床14の上には、３〜４cm程度の大きさの小石
を敷詰め、仔魚（図示せず）の漁礁16とした。The water tank 1 of the far-infrared fish farming apparatus shown in FIG.
A building (not shown) having a width of 2 m and a length of 60 m, in which an upstream weir 2 and a downstream weir 4 having triangular notches (not shown) on the upper sides of the upstream side and the downstream side are provided. Is. Reference numeral 6 shown in FIG. 1 is a groove for attaching and detaching the weir 2. Then, in the water tank 1, a heat insulating layer laid on the foundation 8
A plurality of heating elements 12 were arranged on top of each other at intervals, and a breeding floor 14 made of a presser mortar was formed on the heating elements 12. In this embodiment, the weir 4 allows the water depth h to be adjusted to 10 to 50 cm. Pebbles with a size of about 3-4 cm were laid on the breeding floor 14 to form a reef 16 of larvae (not shown).
【００１３】水槽１の上方の前記飼育床14を覆う部分に
配置した複数の遠赤外線放射体18は、上面に断熱層10を
取り付け、クレーン17によって巻き上げ、巻き戻し自在
とした策20によって、取り付け高さ及び横持ち可能に取
り付けている。該遠赤外線放射体18の高さＨ方向の調節
は、各放射体18ごとに、水面19から２ｍの範囲で任意の
高さに調節可能にした。A plurality of far-infrared radiators 18 arranged above the aquarium 1 in a portion covering the breeding floor 14 are mounted with a heat insulating layer 10 on an upper surface thereof, a crane 20 to wind them up, and a mechanism 20 to rewind them freely. It is mounted so that it can be held vertically and horizontally. The height H direction of the far-infrared radiator 18 can be adjusted to any height within a range of 2 m from the water surface 19 for each radiator 18.
【００１４】 次に、図２に示す回路図によって制御装
置２１の概要を説明する。図２において、水槽１には、
図の右側の上流側から下流に向かって、それぞれ、ｎ区
画の発熱体１２１，１２２，１２３，…，１２ｎ（ｎ
は、例えば１０）と、その上方に複数の遠赤外線放射体
１８１，１８２，１８３，…，１８ｎとを配置し、更
に、水槽１に供給する用水温度を検出する温度検出器２
２Ｉと、堰４（図１参照）から排出する水温を検出する
温度検出器２２Ｆと、各区画ごとの上昇水温を検出する
温度差検出器２３１，２３２，…，２３ｎとを配置し
た。前記区画は、一つの発熱体で形成してもよく、ま
た、複数の発熱体で区画を形成してもよい。なお、以
下、各部材を総称したり、誤解を生ずるおそれのない場
合には、各符号の前記サフィックスを省略する。[0014] Next, an outline of the control device 21 by the circuit diagram shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, in the water tank 1 ,
From the upstream side to the downstream side on the right side of the figure , n sections of heating elements 12 1 , 12 2 , 12 3 , ... , 12 n (n
Includes, for example, 10), its upper multiple far-infrared radiator 18 1, 18 2, 18 3, ..., arranged and 18 n, further
And a temperature detector 2 for detecting the temperature of the water supplied to the water tank 1.
And 2 I, weir 4 and the temperature detector 22 F for detecting the water temperature to be discharged from (see FIG. 1), the temperature difference detector 23 1 to detect the elevated temperature for each compartment, 23 2, ..., and 23 n Was placed. The partition may be formed by one heating element, or may be formed by a plurality of heating elements. Note that, hereinafter, the suffixes of the respective reference numerals will be omitted when the respective members are collectively referred to and there is no risk of misunderstanding.
【００１５】各発熱体12には、それぞれ発熱用抵抗体ｒ
と、該発熱体12の温度を検出する温度検出器24とを取り
付けている。同様に、遠赤外線放射体18には、それぞれ
発熱用抵抗体Ｒと、該遠赤外線放射体18の温度を検出す
る温度検出器26とを取り付けている。そして、各発熱用
抵抗体ｒ，Ｒごとに電源をオンオフするスイッチ28を設
けている。なお、本実施例のスイッチ28は、無接点スイ
ッチでも、リレーなど有接点スイッチのいずれのものを
使用してもよい。Each heating element 12 has a heating resistor r.
And a temperature detector 24 for detecting the temperature of the heating element 12. Similarly, the far-infrared radiator 18 is provided with a heating resistor R and a temperature detector 26 for detecting the temperature of the far-infrared radiator 18, respectively. A switch 28 for turning on / off the power source is provided for each of the heating resistors r and R. Note that the switch 28 of this embodiment may be either a non-contact switch or a contact switch such as a relay.
【００１６】 天然のサケ・マスの稚魚、特に仔魚は、
上流から流れてきた冷たい水ではなく、川底から湧く、
温度が一定した湧水に集まり、石の下などに潜んで、天
敵をさけながら成長する。本遠赤外線養魚装置の制御装
置２１は、係る状況を全水槽１にわたり、より自然に近
い形を出現させるものである。即ち、水温を検出する温
度検出器２２Ｉ，２２Ｆ及び温度差検出器２３の検出信
号に基づき、各発熱体１２１，…，１２ｎ及び遠赤外線
放射体１８１，…１８ｎの発熱量を調節し、温度検出器
２２Ｉが検出する堰２（図１参照）から流入する用水の
水温ｔ１と、堰４から流出する用水の水温ｔｎ＋１との
温度差Δｔを、０．５℃以下に抑えるように、各発熱用
抵抗体ｒ，Ｒに供給する電力を制御する。Natural salmon and trout fry, especially larvae,
Instead of the cold water flowing from the upstream, it springs from the bottom of the river,
Gather in spring water with a constant temperature, hide under stones, and grow while avoiding natural enemies. The control device 21 of the present far-infrared fish farming device makes such a situation appear in a more natural shape over the entire aquarium 1. That is, based on the detection signals of the temperature detectors 22 I and 22 F for detecting the water temperature and the temperature difference detector 23 , the heat generation amount of each of the heating elements 12 1 , ..., 12 n and the far-infrared radiators 18 1 , ... 18 n . The temperature difference Δt between the water temperature t 1 of the water flowing in from the weir 2 ( see FIG. 1) detected by the temperature detector 22 I and the water temperature t n + 1 of the water flowing out of the weir 4 is 0.5 ° C. The power supplied to the heat generating resistors r and R is controlled so as to be suppressed below.
【００１７】 その手段として、発熱体１２及び遠赤外
線放射体１８の設定温度を、上流側を高く、下流側を低
く設定し、温度検出器２４１，…，２４ｎ，２６１，
…，２６ｎからの信号に基づき、スイッチ２８をオンオ
フする。更に、飼育床１４と魚礁１６との部分（図１参
照）、即ち、水槽１の底の部分が、上方からの遠赤外線
と、飼育床１４からの熱及び遠赤外線の放射によって、
水温が温められた状態となるように、温度検出器２２の
検出信号に基づき通電時間を、各発熱用抵抗体ｒ，Ｒご
とに制御し、また、遠赤外線放射体１８の高さＨを調節
することにより、温度検出器２２Ｉ，２２Ｆ、及び温度
差検出器２３ｉ（ｉ＝１〜ｎ）の検出温度差を所定の値
以下となるように制御する。この温度制御は、全体系を
完全に自動化する制御手順を制御装置２１に記憶させ、
該制御手順の個々の制御水準を、その都度、設定するこ
ともできるが、稚魚又は仔魚の成長状態を、各区画ごと
に観察し、それぞれの設定値の適否を判断し、不適切と
判断される都度、変更するようにしてもよい。温度検出
器２３は、例えば、温度差を測定する部位に、白金抵抗
体を配置し、その抵抗値の差を検出するなどの手段で、
高い精度で水温の上昇を検出することができる。前記制
御装置２１は、複数の検出値を用い、複数の制御対象を
制御する必要があるので、マイクロコンピュータによる
制御を採用した。As means for this, the set temperatures of the heating element 12 and the far-infrared radiator 18 are set high on the upstream side and low on the downstream side, and the temperature detectors 24 1 , ... , 24 n , 26 1 ,
... on the basis of a signal from the 26 n, turning on and off the switch 28. Furthermore, the part of the breeding floor 14 and the fish reef 16 (see FIG. 1).
Irradiation), i.e., the bottom portion of the tank 1, and the far infrared rays from above, by heat and far infrared radiation from the breeding floor 14,
The energization time is controlled for each of the heating resistors r and R based on the detection signal of the temperature detector 22 so that the water temperature is kept warm, and the height H of the far infrared radiator 18 is adjusted. it, the temperature detector 22 I, 22 F, and controls the detected temperature difference of the temperature difference detector 23 i (i = 1~ n) below and Do so that a predetermined value. In this temperature control, a control procedure for completely automating the entire system is stored in the control device 21 ,
The individual control levels of the control procedure, each time, can be set, the growth state of the juvenile or larvae were observed every each partition, to determine the appropriateness of each setting value, it is determined to be inappropriate that in each case, it may be changed. The temperature detector 23 is, for example, a means for disposing a platinum resistor at a site for measuring a temperature difference and detecting a difference in resistance value thereof.
As possible out to detect an increase in water temperature with high accuracy. Since the control device 21 needs to control a plurality of control targets using a plurality of detection values, control by a microcomputer is adopted.
【００１８】 次に、本実施例で使用した遠赤外線放射
体１８は、図３に示すように、アルミ板３０とプラヒー
ト（商標名）３２とによって形成し、その上を断熱材１
０で覆って上方への放射熱を遮断したものであり、図示
しない天井から上下方向に昇降可能に吊り下げられてい
る。なお、図３の符号３４は、遠赤外線放射体１８の周
囲に設けた枠である。前記プラヒート３２は、発熱体Ｒ
の周囲をポリエチレンなどの可撓性絶縁樹脂３６で覆っ
たものであり、発熱体Ｒは、可撓性樹脂にカーボンを分
散させたものであり、両側に金属から成る電極３８，３
８を取り付けたものである。図３では、プラヒート３２
は１個のみ記載しているが、プラヒート３２の電極３
８，３８の間隔は、使用電源及び許容電流密度によって
定まるので、実際は、複数本並べて遠赤外線放射体１８
を形成している。Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the far-infrared radiator 18 used in the present embodiment is formed of an aluminum plate 30 and a plastic heat (trademark) 32, and the heat insulating material 1 is placed thereon.
Are those I covered with 0 to cut off the radiant heat upward, have suspended vertically movable from the ceiling (not shown) in the vertical direction
It The reference numeral 34 in FIG. 3 is a frame provided around the far infrared radiator 18. The plastic heat 32 is a heating element R.
Is covered with a flexible insulating resin 36 such as polyethylene. The heating element R is a flexible resin in which carbon is dispersed, and electrodes 38, 3 made of metal on both sides.
8 is attached. In Figure 3, Purahito 32
Although only one is described, the electrode 3 of the plastic heat 32
Spacing of 8, 38, so determined by the power supply used and the allowable current density, in fact, far-infrared radiator side by side several double 18
Is formed.
【００１９】 また、本実施例に使用した飼育床１４
は、図４に示すように、図示しない基礎の上に断熱材１
０を敷き詰め、その上に、図３によって説明したプラヒ
ート３２を所定間隔で敷き詰め、その上をコンクリート
で押さえ、モルタル仕上げして形成した。以上、説明し
た遠赤外線放射体１８及び飼育床１４は、例示のために
示したものであり、本発明は、これに限らず、実際に則
して、適宜、変更することができる。Further, the breeding floor 14 used in this example
As shown in FIG. 4, the heat insulating material 1 is placed on the foundation (not shown).
Paved 0, thereon, paved Purahito 32 described by Figure 3 at predetermined intervals, concrete over its
In pressing it was formed by mortar finish. Above, infrared radiator 18 and raised floor 14 far described are those for illustrative purposes, the present invention is not limited to this, actually conformity, as appropriate, may be changed.
【００２０】 上記のように、本発明は、上流側に新水
取入口、下流側に排水口を有する養魚用水槽１の飼育床
１４を、その長手方向に沿って多数の区画に区分すると
共に、各区画に発熱体１２を埋設し、更に、前記水槽１
の上方に、水槽１に向かって遠赤外線を照射する多数の
発熱体１８を水槽１の長手方向に沿って配設し、更に、
新水取入口と排水口及び飼育床の各区画に温度検出器２
１Ｉ，２１Ｆ，２２を設け、これらの各温度検出器２１
Ｉ，２１Ｆ，２２の測定した温度に基づいて新水取入口
の水温ｔ １ と排水口の水温ｔ ｎ＋１ との温度差Δｔが小
さくなるように、前記発熱体１２及び１８を個々にオン
オフ制御するので、水槽１中の上流側の水温ｔ １ と下流
側ｔ ｎ＋１ の水温との温度差Δｔを非常に小さくできる
同時に、水槽１内の水温をきめ細かく制御できるように
なった。 また、本発明は、上記のように、水槽１の上方
及び飼育床内に設置させた多数の発熱体１２及び１８を
きめ細かくオンオフ制御することにより、水槽１の上流
側と下流側との水温の差が殆ど生じないので、稚魚の成
育が、従来よりも、より一層、均一化するようになっ
た。また、消費電力の無駄使いも少なくなった。 As described above, according to the present invention, fresh water is provided on the upstream side.
Breeding floor of aquarium 1 for fish farming that has an intake port and a drain port on the downstream side
14 is divided into a number of sections along its length,
In each case, a heating element 12 is embedded in each compartment, and further, the water tank 1
Of the far infrared rays to the aquarium 1 above
The heating element 18 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the water tank 1, and
Temperature detector 2 in each section of new water intake and drain and breeding floor
1I, 21F, 22 are provided, and each of these temperature detectors 21
New water intake based on the measured temperature of I, 21F, 22
The temperature difference Δt between the water temperature t 1 of the water and the water temperature t n + 1 of the drainage port is small.
Turn on the heating elements 12 and 18 individually
Since the off control is performed, the water temperature t 1 on the upstream side in the water tank 1 and the downstream
The temperature difference Δt with the water temperature on the side t n + 1 can be made very small.
At the same time, so that the water temperature in the water tank 1 can be finely controlled
became. Further, the present invention, as described above, is provided above the water tank 1.
And a large number of heating elements 12 and 18 installed in the breeding floor
By finely controlling the on / off, the upstream of the water tank 1
Since there is almost no difference in water temperature between the downstream side and the downstream side, the growth of fry
Growth is becoming more uniform than before.
It was Also, the waste of power consumption is reduced.
【図１】 本発明に係る遠赤外線養魚装置の概略断面図
である。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view <br/> far infrared fish device according to the present invention.
【図２】 本発明に係る遠赤外線養魚装置に使用する制
御装置のブロック回路図である。2 is a block circuit diagram of a control apparatus for use in the far infrared fish device according to the present invention.
【図３】 本発明に係る遠赤外線養魚装置に使用する遠
赤外線放射体を一部破断して示した部分斜視図である。3 is a far partial perspective view of the far-infrared radiator used shown partially broken away to infrared fish device according to the present invention.
【図４】 本発明に係る遠赤外線養魚装置に使用する飼
育床を一部破断して示した部分斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a breeding floor used in the far-infrared fish farming apparatus according to the present invention .
１ 水槽 ２ 堰 ４ 堰 １０ 断熱層 １２ 発熱体 １４ 飼育床 １６ 魚礁 １８ 遠赤外線
放射体 １７ クレーン １９ 水面 ２１ 制御装置 ２２ 温度検出
器 ２３ 温度差検出器 ２４ 温度検出
器 ２６ 温度検出器 ２８ スイッチ1 water tank 2 weir 4 weir 10 insulation layer 12 heating elements 14 housed bed 16 reef 18 far infrared radiator 17 crane 19 water 21 controller 22 temperature test can 23 temperature difference detector 24 temperature detector 26 temperature detector 28 switch
Claims (1)
有する養魚用水槽（１）の飼育床（１４）を、その長手
方向に沿って多数の区画に区分すると共に、各区画に発
熱体（１２）を埋設し、更に、前記水槽（１）の上方
に、水槽（１）に向かって遠赤外線を照射する多数の発
熱体（１８）を水槽（１）の長手方向に沿って配設し、
更に、新水取入口と排水口及び飼育床の各区画に温度検
出器（２１Ｉ，２１Ｆ，２２）を設け、これらの各温度
検出器（２１Ｉ，２１Ｆ，２２）が測定した温度に基づ
いて新水取入口の水温ｔ １ と排水口の水温ｔ ｎ＋１ との
温度差Δｔが小さくなるように、前記発熱体（１２）及
び（１８）を個々にオンオフ制御することを特徴とする
遠赤外線養魚装置。1. A fresh water intake on the upstream side and a drain port on the downstream side.
The length of the breeding floor (14) of the fish tank (1)
Divide into a number of sections along the direction and
The heat body (12) is buried and further above the water tank (1).
A large number of sources that irradiate the water tank (1) with far infrared rays.
The heating element (18) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the water tank (1),
In addition, the temperature of the new water intake, drainage port and each section of the breeding floor will be monitored.
The output device (21I, 21F, 22) is installed and each of these temperatures
Based on the temperature measured by the detector (21I, 21F, 22)
There the water temperature t 1 of the Shinmizuto inlet and water temperature t n + 1 of the drain outlet in
In order to reduce the temperature difference Δt, the heating element (12) and
A far-infrared fish farming device characterized in that each of the (18) and (18) is individually controlled to be turned on and off .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3286711A JPH0771437B2 (en) | 1991-10-31 | 1991-10-31 | Far infrared fish farming equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3286711A JPH0771437B2 (en) | 1991-10-31 | 1991-10-31 | Far infrared fish farming equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05123082A JPH05123082A (en) | 1993-05-21 |
| JPH0771437B2 true JPH0771437B2 (en) | 1995-08-02 |
Family
ID=17708013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3286711A Expired - Lifetime JPH0771437B2 (en) | 1991-10-31 | 1991-10-31 | Far infrared fish farming equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0771437B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002010778A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-15 | Misato Kk | Method for promoting proliferation of cell |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63214126A (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1988-09-06 | ミサト株式会社 | Fish breeding basin |
| JPS6324832A (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-02-02 | ミサト株式会社 | Fish breeding method and apparatus |
| JPH01262745A (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-19 | Misato Kk | Fish culture unit |
-
1991
- 1991-10-31 JP JP3286711A patent/JPH0771437B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05123082A (en) | 1993-05-21 |
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