JPH0771764B2 - Crossing rail processing machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a machine for cutting the upper surface, side surface, end surface, etc. of a crossing rail.

(Prior Art) As shown in FIG. 4, a crossing rail used for a conventional track turnout has an upper surface (step surface) 51 and a see-through (side surface) 52 of the rail 7 with respect to a horizontal plane and a vertical plane. Since it is tilted to one side, it is necessary to provide faced parts 53 and 54 at the ends as shown by the diagonal lines in order to match the upper and side surfaces of the general rail that is connected to both ends. , Guide processing for processing the side surface of the guide 56, seam processing for forming the eye plate mounting surface 57 for rail connection,
Similarly, complicated processing such as drilling for forming holes 58 for connection must be performed in various places. Conventionally, this rail processing is performed by milling machines for top surface processing, see-through processing and seam processing, with a planer for guide processing, and with a boring machine for drilling, and with a hand grinder for top surface processing, through surface processing and nose processing. I was doing it.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, according to the above-mentioned conventional processing method, since it is necessary to change the set of the rail to each processing machine, it takes setup time,
Each process cannot be performed at the same time, and since many rails made of high manganese steel are particularly difficult to process, grinding with a hand grinder requires a great deal of time and labor for up to 5 hours, and there are many variations in the processing dimensions.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a crossing rail machining machine in which setup time and machining time are shortened and machining accuracy is improved.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The crossing rail machining machine according to the present invention includes a bed having a guide path extending in the horizontal direction, and a table attached to the bed so as to be reciprocally movable along the guide path. A rail mounting pallet that is detachable on the table, an automatic pallet changing device that exchanges the pallet, and a second horizontal direction that is disposed above the guide path and that extends in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. First arranged in parallel
When the vehicle has a guideway and a second guideway, it is reciprocally mounted along the first guideway and is vertically reciprocable and rotatable about a horizontal axis. A first spindle head having the first spindle head and a second spindle which is reciprocally mounted along the second guide path, vertically reciprocally rotatable and rotatable about a horizontal axis and a vertical axis, and having a spindle extending vertically. 2 spindle head and a tool for upper surface machining, upper surface machining, nose machining and seam machining of the crossing rail mounted on the pallet, the tool being attached to and detached from the main spindle of the first spindle head; An angle head tool for see-through machining, see-through surface machining, guide machining, end face machining and drilling of a single rail, wherein the angle head tool is attached to and detached from the spindle of the second spindle head and the first spindle. Become equipped with automatic tool changer removing or inserting the tool into the head of the spindle, and an automatic Atatsuchimento changer removing or inserting the angle head tool into the second spindle head of the spindle, the each component NC
This is a crossing rail processing machine that is driven by control.

(Operation) In the crossing rail processing machine of the present invention, the crossing rail that is the workpiece is mainly manually attached to the pallet using the fixture, and then the whole pallet is attached to the table by the automatic pallet changing device. Machined automatically by NC control. Machining is performed by the first spindle head and the second spindle head.
The spindle head is the second which is perpendicular to the horizontal direction of movement of the bed.
Since it can be moved and swiveled around horizontal, vertical, and horizontal axes, it can be used to process the upper surface of the crossing rail using the front milling cutter as the tool. Perform the seam processing used. In addition to the movement and turning in the same respective directions as the first head, the second head can be turned about the vertical axis, so an angle head tool having a horizontally oriented main head can be used for the crossing rail. It is possible to perform see-through processing, see-through surface processing, guide processing, end surface processing, and drilling processing. A tool is attached to and detached from each spindle by an automatic tool changing device and an automatic attachment changing device, and a pallet after processing is transferred from the table by an automatic pallet changing device.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In the figure, 1 is a bed, and the guide path 2 is horizontal (X-axis direction).
It is fixed on the foundation 3 toward. A table 4 is mounted on the bed 1 so that it can be reciprocated along a guide path 2 by a DC motor 5. 6a and 6b are pallets for mounting a rail (crossing rail) 7 as a workpiece, which is fixed to a predetermined position on the table 4 by a fixture such as an automatic clamp. In the state where the fixation is released, the table 4 is fixed. It is supported so that it can move laterally. 8a and 8b are automatic pallet changing devices, one on each side of the bed 1 on the front and rear sides of the side 9, and on the pedestal 10
The pallets 6a and 6b are transferred between a and 10b and the bed 4, and 11a and 11b are cylinders for driving during transfer. Reference numeral 12 denotes a column fixedly erected on the foundation 3, and a horizontal member 9 fixed on the column 3 has a first guide path 13 extending in a second horizontal direction (Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
The second guide path 14 is provided on the front side and the rear side. 15a and 15b are carriages that are reciprocally mounted along the first guide path 13, and swivels 16a and 16b are supported by the carriages so as to be rotatable (tilted) about the X axis.
First spindle heads 17a and 17b are attached to the swivel base so as to be reciprocable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). 18 is a DC motor for driving the carriage, 19 is for driving the swivel, 20 is each vertical motor for driving the spindle head, and 21 is a spindle 22 extending in the X-axis direction.
It is a motor for rotationally driving a and 22b. 1st guideway 13
At the lower ends of both ends, automatic tool changing devices 25a and 25b for attaching and detaching a milling tool such as a face mill 23 and a full-form milling cutter 24 to the spindles 22a and 22b are installed. On the other hand, on the rear side of the lying side 9, reciprocals 30a and 30b are reciprocally mounted along the second guide path 14, and revolving bases 31a and 31b revolve (tilt) around the X axis.
It is supported freely, and lifts 32a and 32b are reciprocally mounted on the swivel in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and the second spindle heads 33a and 33b are mounted on the lift in the vertical axis (Z-axis).
It is mounted so that it can swing around. 34 is a direct-current motor for driving the carriage, 35 is for driving the swivel, 36 is for driving the elevator, and 37 is each direct-current motor for driving the spindle head, and 38 is rotational drive of spindles 39a and 39b extending in the X-axis direction. Motor for.
Below the both ends of the second guide path 14, automatic attachment changing devices 42a and 42b for attaching and detaching angle head tools such as a side milling cutter 40 and a drill unit 41 to the main shafts 39a and 39b are installed. The DC motor of each part of the above configuration is connected to a control device (not shown) that performs NC control.

Next, the processing procedure of the rail 7 by the apparatus having the above-mentioned configuration will be described in
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 5, first, the pedestal 10
The pallet 6a having the two rails 7 mounted on a is transferred onto the table 4 by the cylinder 11a of the automatic pallet changing device 8a, positioned and fixed on the table, and the processing is started. The first spindle head 17 (generic term for 17a and 17b; the same applies to other parts below) The front spindle 23 is attached to the main spindle 22, and the side milling cutter 40 is attached to the main spindle 39 of the second spindle head 33. After simultaneously machining the upper surface 51 and the see-through 52 of 7, the upper surface of the faced portion 53 is processed by the front milling cutter 23 by using the first spindle head 17, and then by the side surface milling 40 by using the second spindle head 33. The see-through surface-imparting process of the imposition part 54 and the guide process of machining the side surface of the guide 56 are performed. Next, a small-diameter face milling cutter (not shown) is attached to the main spindle 22 of the first main spindle head 17 to perform nose processing for cutting the tip of the nose 55, and the main spindle 39 of the second main spindle head 33 is of an end mill type not shown. Attach an angle head tool and machine each end face 59 of the rail. Next, the general-purpose milling cutter 24 is attached to the main spindle 22 to perform seam processing for cutting the eye plate attachment surface 57, and the main shaft 39 is attached with a drill unit 41 to perform a drilling process for forming a hole 58. Finished and cylinder 11
The pallet 6a is moved onto the gantry 10a by a. On the other hand, in parallel with the above process, at the pallet 6b portion on the pedestal 10b, the processed rail 7 is removed and subjected to Dalai (chip) treatment, and then the rail 7 which is a new workpiece is pallet 6b.
Mounted on the table 4 and waited, and when processing by the pallet 6a is completed, it is transferred onto the table 4 by the automatic pallet changing device 8b,
Thereafter, the same procedure as described above is repeated, and the rail is repeatedly attached to and detached from each pallet.

In this way, the rails can be automatically processed by simply attaching and detaching them to and from the pallet once. Therefore, as in the past, the rails were changed for each processing step and transferred between processing machines. Compared with, the setup time is greatly shortened, and the troublesome and long-time manual work of grinding becomes unnecessary.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, each of the first spindle head and the second spindle head has two
Since the base is provided so that two rails can be machined at the same time, the machining can be performed particularly efficiently.
You may make it provide one each spindle head. Further, in the above embodiment, since two automatic pallet changing devices are provided, the unprocessed rail and the processed rail can be delivered to the table at the same time, which is more efficient. However, one automatic pallet changing device is used for processing. The pallet of the finished rail may be taken out from the bed and sent to the side, and the pallet of the unfinished rail from another setup station may be transferred onto the table via the exchanging device. The rail machining portions of the first spindle head and the second spindle head may be shared other than the above, and for example, the seam machining may be performed by attaching an end mill type angle head tool to the second spindle head. Further, in the above embodiment, the angle head tool was attached to and detached from the second spindle head. However, the angle head portion is always attached to the spindle head, and the tool having the horizontal axis in the head is attached and detached by the automatic tool changer. The automatic tool changing device in this case is also included in the automatic attachment changing device according to the present invention.

Further, the present invention can be applied to a processing machine for a crossing rail having a shape other than the rail 7, such as a crossing rail having a movable nose portion.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, each processing portion such as the upper surface, side surface, and end surface of the crossing rail can be automatically processed into a desired shape, and the setup time for rail processing can be increased. Provided is a useful crossing rail machining machine that is shortened and does not require manual labor for grinding, can greatly save labor and reduce machining time, and can also improve machining accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a plan view of a crossing rail processing machine showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a side view of the same as BB, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rail showing an example of a workpiece using the machine of FIG. 1, and FIG.
Similarly, the figure is an explanatory view of the processing steps. 1 ... Bed, 2 ... Guideway, 4 ... Table, 6a, 6b
…… Pallet, 7 …… Rail (crossing rail),
8a, 8b ... Automatic pallet changing device, 9 ... sideways, 13 ...
… First guideway, 14 …… Second guideway, 15a, 15b …… Reciprocating carriage, 16a, 16b …… Swivel base, 17a, 17b …… First spindle head, 22
a, 22b …… spindle, 23 …… face milling machine, 24 …… form milling machine, 25a, 25b …… automatic tool changer, 30a, 30b …… reciprocating machine, 31a, 31b …… swivel table, 32a, 32b… … Elevating platform, 33
a, 33b …… Second spindle head, 39a, 39b …… Spindle, 40 …… Side milling cutter, 41 …… Drill unit, 42a, 42b …… Automatic attachment changing device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A bed having a guide path extending in the horizontal direction, a table reciprocally attached to the bed along the guide path, a rail mounting pallet detachably mounted on the table, and a pallet of the pallet. An automatic pallet exchanging device for exchanging, and a first guide path and a second guide path, which are arranged above the guide path and arranged in parallel with each other, extending in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. A first spindle head which is reciprocally attached along the first guide path, is vertically reciprocable, and is rotatable about a horizontal axis, and has a vertically extending main spindle; and the second guide. A second spindle head which is reciprocally mounted along a road, is vertically reciprocable, and is rotatable about a horizontal axis and a vertical axis, and has a spindle extending vertically; and the pallet. A tool for upper surface processing, upper surface processing, nose processing and seam processing of the crossing rail attached above, which is attached to and detached from the spindle of the first spindle head, and through-hole machining of the crossing rail, An angle head tool for see-through surface processing, guide processing, end surface processing and hole drilling, the angle head tool being detachable from the spindle of the second spindle head, and the tool for the spindle of the first spindle head. And an automatic attachment changer for attaching and detaching the angle head tool to and from the main spindle of the second spindle head, and the above-mentioned components are driven by NC control. Single rail processing machine. 2. The crossing rail according to claim 1, wherein the first guideway has two first spindle heads and the second guideway has two second spindle heads. Processing machine.