JPH0773400B2 - Multilayer ribbon type push-pull drive dynamic speaker system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (A). Industrial applications.

The field of industrial application of the present invention relates to dynamic speakers for audio.

(B). Conventional technology.

The present invention improves on the drawbacks of the conventional cone-type dynamic speaker, the drawbacks of the horn-type speaker and the dome-type speaker, and the problems of the full-drive speaker represented by a ribbon-type speaker or a condenser-type speaker. is there.

Then, the problem is (C). Problems to be solved by the invention.

(A) In the cone type dynamic speaker, the air resistance was considerably different between when pushed forward and when pulled backward. That is, when pushing forward, the resistance of the air was large, and when pulling backward, the resistance of the air was small, so there was a great possibility that distortion of the waveform would occur.

(B) The cone-type dynamic speaker is a one-point drive system that drives the apex of a cone (cone), and is not an ideal full drive.

(C) A single cone-type dynamic speaker is not capable of widening the band, and a corrugation curve, sub-cone paper, etc. were attached to measure the wide band.

(D) Therefore, it had to be multi-way with 2 ways, 3 ways and 4 ways.

(E) When multi-waying is performed with two ways, three ways, and four ways, the phase of the sound wave rotates (that is, shifts) in each frequency band. In order to solve this demerit, a certain audio manufacturer has released a speaker system that has been devised so that the phases of the tweeter, squawker, woofer, etc. are shifted and the phases are matched in the air.

(F) A horn-type speaker and a dome-type speaker drive around a semi-circle, so they are close to the ideal, but the coverage band is narrow and the entire band is very unreasonable. After all, it is useless unless it is multi-wayed as before.

(G) The ribbon speaker is ideal for full drive, but the drawback is that the impedance is too low and the power amplifier will be short-circuited if this condition is left, so a matching transformer is required. Moreover, it is easy to be exclusively used for high-pitched sound, and there is a full-band one, but it is not general.

(H) Condenser type speakers are driven entirely, but the drawback is that the impedance is too high, so a matching transformer is also required in the opposite sense to the previous ribbon speaker. In addition, dust in the air and discharge noise called cracking due to the influence thereof are generated, and there is a tendency not to be suitable for a large volume. Also, the electrodes are in the path of the sound waves, which becomes an obstacle (especially, some attenuation in the high-pitched part).

(I) Both the ribbon speaker and the condenser type speaker have lower amplitude than the cone type dynamic speaker.

(J) Both the ribbon speaker and the condenser type speaker have lower sensitivity than the cone type dynamic speaker.

There are problems (a) to (j) above.

(D). A means to solve the problem.

For this reason, the present invention provides (I) full-surface driving.

(II) Remove the matching transformer.

(III) A design in which the entire band is multi-way, and the entire band is multi-way.

(IV) Push-pull drive.

(V) Especially, there should be no necessary but obstructing objects such as electrodes and magnets in the middle of sound wave propagation, especially for high frequencies.

(VI) The disadvantage of the cone type dynamic speaker is to overcome this because the air resistance when pushing forward and when pulling backward is quite different. That is, the design should be able to completely eliminate and improve the point that the air resistance is large when pushing forward and the air resistance is small when pulling backward.

(VII) It is a condition that it does not take up a large area and is compact, that is, it does not become too large for the listener, like the condenser type and the full band ribbon type.

(VIII) High input strength.

(IX) Large amplitude.

(X) The sensitivity can be relatively high.

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems (I) to (X).

(E). Configuration of the invention.

In order to solve this problem, the following configuration is used.

(I). Each of the four magnets 1 having the same magnetic force has the same length, width, and height, and is designed to have the same volume and shape. 4 more magnets 1
Are placed close to each other, and the four adjacent neighbors are placed so that all four keep the same appropriate distance. Then, the space created by the four magnets 1 is set so that it is exactly square when viewed from the side. In addition, the magnetic poles are opposed to each other. (B). Therefore, the facing magnetic poles facing directly in front of the magnet 1 are the N pole and the S pole, that is, different poles. (C). Further, one side of each magnet 1 adjacent to each other has the same pole, and the other one has the other pole. That is, as a whole, there are two neighbors next to each other with the same pole, and two neighbors next to each other with two different poles. (D). Just as viewed from the side, this space created by the square magnet 1 is completely free of the boundary line between the attractive magnetic fields of the N and S poles and the repulsive magnetic fields of the N and N poles and the S and S poles. Configure the magnetic field. (E). In the space created by the magnet 1, and in the two gaps formed by opening the magnets with the same magnetic poles of the same polarity and with a proper distance, the non-conductive material and the flat diaphragm 3 are made of a single non-magnetic material. It is inserted so as to penetrate through the space created by and the two gaps, and is also set so as to properly protrude outside the two gaps. (F). Only on one surface of the flat diaphragm 3, a metal of a non-magnetic but conductive material made of aluminum or the like is metalized 2 at a position where the magnetism of the magnet 1 is applied. (G). Further, the flat diaphragm 3 has the same length on both the front and back sides and the flat ribbon non-magnetic material having different widths, but the conductive ribbons 5 are arranged in the order of increasing width, that is, in the order of being closer to the diaphragm 3. The ribbons 5 are arranged so that they are not in contact with each other, and the rods 6 made of a non-conductive material are interposed by a small non-magnetic material so that they are piled up on both sides of the diaphragm 3 in a mountain shape. (H). In order that the metallized surface 2 of this diaphragm 3 and the ribbon 5 conform to the Fleming left-hand rule,
In addition, all lead wires are used so that current flows in the same direction. (Re). The conductor wire should be laid in a place where the diaphragm 3 is not metallized and in a place where the magnetic field of the magnet 1 is not so much applied, and the terminal of the conductor wire is connected to the power amplifier. The above is the configuration of the present invention, which is the basis of means for solving the problem. Now let's get into the specifics.

(F). Example (action, operating principle, etc.).

Let's look at Figure 1. First, the structure of the magnetic circuit by the magnet 1 is a unique structure not found in the magnetic circuit of the conventional speaker. In this structure, two of the four magnets 1 are adjacent to each other with the N poles of the magnetic poles facing each other at an angle of 90 degrees, and the other two are facing each other with the S poles of the opposite magnetic poles facing each other. This speaker is different from other speakers in that it is arranged so that the space formed by the four magnets 1 adjacent to each other is maintained at an angle of 4 degrees and is square when viewed from the side. And these four adjacent magnets 1 and 1
Design to maintain an appropriate distance between. This is because the diaphragm 3 at the center is inserted into this appropriate distance, that is, the gap, and sound waves (especially high frequencies) are emitted from here. The next unique thing is the diaphragm ribbon system.

As shown in Fig. 1, the length before and after the central diaphragm 3 is
Ribbons 5 made of aluminum or the like having almost the same width but different widths are stacked in front of and behind the central diaphragm 3, and in order from the widest one. Of course, the wider side of the ribbon 5 is the bass portion, and the narrower side is the treble portion. It should be noted that the rod 5 is interposed between the ribbons 5 so that the ribbons 5 are set so as not to come into contact with each other.

In this magnetic circuit, as shown in FIG. 2, the space created by the four magnets 1 is not a uniform magnetic field. As shown in the graph, the magnetic flux density has considerable unevenness. However, since the speaker drive system is push-pull drive, the distortions cancel each other out (see Fig. 7). The reason why such a magnetic flux density is obtained is that 1 to 2 along the X-axis direction as shown in FIG.
When moving to, it means moving from 9 to 8 in the Y-axis direction. In this figure, the scale of the square graph is divided into 10 equal parts vertically and horizontally for the sake of clarity. The line running diagonally is the surface of the magnet 1. Now, assuming that the repulsive magnetic field is in the X-axis direction and the attractive magnetic field in the Y-axis direction at this time, the repulsive magnetic field is 2 in this figure.
Double away means that only 8/9 can be approached by the attractive magnetic field. The opposite is exactly the same. That is, moving from 1 to 2 along the Y-axis direction means moving from 9 to 8 along the X-axis direction. Moving away from the magnetic field twice as much as the attractive magnetic field means that it is only 8/9 closer to the repulsive magnetic field. However, in reality, if you want an equal magnetic field, it is necessary to move away from the repulsive magnetic field by a factor of two. On the contrary, it is necessary to approach twice as much as the repulsive magnetic field to move away twice with the attractive magnetic field. In this case, the space here is an equal magnetic field, but this is the ninth
This will be explained with reference to FIG. 12 and FIG.

In FIGS. 9 and 12, the surface of the magnet 1 is a convex surface, and therefore the magnetic field line density is somewhat equalized. In FIG. 3, because of the straightness, there is an unequal magnetic field. The above is FIG. 3 as an explanation of the graph of FIG. Now, with such an unequal magnetic field, the reproduced sound of this speaker becomes a very distorted sound. However, in the present invention, the distortions cancel each other due to the push-pull operation (described later in FIG. 7).

Next, FIGS. 4 and 5 (A) and (B) will be described.
FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram at the time of supplying an audio current to the ribbon 5, and is a side view of a place where the conductive wire is wired in an empty place where the ribbon 5 of the central diaphragm 3 is not set. . Now, a conductive wire 8 serving as a voice coil is bonded to an empty place of the central diaphragm 3. However, the current flows in a direction that matches the Fleming's left-hand rule, regardless of the driving force. In general, the front and rear sides of the central diaphragm 3 are integrated into one circuit. Specifically, the front side of the ribbon 5 (the side farther from the central diaphragm 3 and the shorter width of the ribbon 5) is above the conducting wire (the side farther from the metallized portion 2 bonded to the central diaphragm 3 and the ribbon 5). The rear side of the ribbon 5 (the side closer to the central diaphragm 3 and having a wider width) is connected to the lower side of the conductive wire. The other side is the same. That is,
When viewed from the left side of FIGS. 5A and 5B, FIG. 4 is obtained.
However, when viewed from the opposite right side of FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), unlike these connections, they are connected in a twisted form. The reason is that the ribbon 5 has a width, and in order to make the current flow evenly in this width, the position of the terminal provided on one of the shorter widths of the ribbon 5 as shown in FIGS. Assuming now that the upper part (or the lower part) is provided as shown in FIG. 5, the position of the terminal provided on the other end is preferably the lower part (or the upper part). Note that the conductor 8 comes to both terminals. It should be noted that the reason why the number of ribbons 5 is 6 and the number of conductors 8 is 6 is that because of the presence of the metallized portion 2, 6 conductors 8 are required both before and after the diaphragm 3 for the convenience of wiring. In addition, in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), the length of the ribbon 5 is drawn differently along with the width (the larger the width of the ribbon 5, the longer the length). This is to make it easier to see in terms of expression.
Therefore, the lengths of the ribbons 5 can be interpreted as substantially the same.

Next, FIG. 6 is a view of the magnet 1, the pole piece 4, the yoke 7 and the like viewed from the front (that is, the position of the listener). It is possible to directly face the magnet 1 to the ribbon 5, but the ball piece 4 is used as an intermediary. There is also a method of making the ribbon 5 face the ribbon 5.
The merit of this method is that the pole pieces 4 are formed in a lattice shape as shown in FIG. 6 to improve the passage of sound waves.

FIG. 7 shows the strength of the average line of magnetic force exerted by the magnet / magnetic circuit system on the entire ribbon / diaphragm system when the position is moved with the lapse of time (t) as seen from the ribbon / diaphragm system in which the voice power flows. It is the figure which graphed the change of the height. Therefore, it is completely different from the graph showing the density (strength) of the magnetic force lines in FIG. That is, FIG. 7 shows the actual operation of the speaker and is therefore dynamic, and FIG. 2 is a static view showing the strength of the magnetic field lines of a simple magnetic circuit. It can be said that FIG. 7 is a graph for explaining the reason why the distortion is canceled by the push-pull operation. That is, M in FIG.
The curves of M and M'are the ribbon of each magnet 1.
The change in average strength of magnetic force lines exerted on the entire diaphragm system is represented, where M is the front magnet 1 and M ′ is the rear magnet 1. D is the locus (trace of movement) of the entire ribbon-diaphragm system, and the distortion is canceled as shown in the figure.
That is, the ribbon diaphragm is equidistant without being biased by either of the front and rear magnets 1 when there is no signal, and the strength is the same. The magnetic force lines are inversely proportional to the square of the distance and accordingly become stronger. At the same time, when the magnetic lines of force move away from the magnet 1 on the opposite side, the magnetic force lines of the magnet 1 are inversely proportional to the square of the distance and accordingly weaken. Therefore, the pulling force and the pushing force of the magnet 1 are mutually at the same time,
Moreover, it works in the opposite way to cancel the distortion. 7th
The diagram expresses that.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an acoustic bandpass filter and a mechanical bandpass filter which are the principles of the present invention. The laminated ribbons 5 serve as an acoustic bandpass filter and a mechanical bandpass filter. However, it is the split vibration described later that makes this possible. As shown in FIG. 8, since the narrow high-pitched ribbon 5 is present on the wide low-temperature ribbon 5, the high-pitched ribbon 5 has a higher acoustic band than the low-pitched ribbon 5. It acts as a filter. That is, it stands up against the front surface of the low-pitched ribbon 5 and becomes an obstacle, which serves as a filter. Because the treble is easy to go straight, and if there is an obstacle in front, it is difficult to go out from there. This serves as an acoustic bandpass filter. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the width of each ribbon 5 has a different band due to the difference in mass, so that this width serves as a mechanical zone filter. This is split vibration. Therefore, treble sounds come from the front and bass sounds come from the rear. The treble is lowered by even a little obstacle (thin cloth), so the treble is better in the front and the bass (a little in the middle) wraps around, so you can put it out from the rear. In addition, even if a small amount of obstruction (shelf etc.) is generated, standing waves are likely to be generated and the directivity is deteriorated. Therefore, it is better to emit high frequencies from the front (like a cone speaker like a double cone speaker). Ribbon 5 without cone paper
Are piled up. However, a high-pitched sound like a cone type speaker, which goes out from the center in the rear is contrary to the above-mentioned theory).

FIG. 9 is a view in which the surface of the magnet 1 (or the pole piece 4) facing the ribbon 5 is a convex surface together with FIG.
The figure is in particular a graph of its magnetic flux density. Compared to Fig. 2, it is closer to a uniform magnetic field. This is because the rate of moving away from (or approaching) the attracting magnetic field and the rate of approaching (or moving away from) the repulsive magnetic field are close to an inverse proportional relationship, as described above.

The next FIG. 10 is a diagram of the push-pull operation. As already mentioned, the magnetic circuit has an unequal magnetic field, but since it is push-pull, the distortion is canceled. If the entire band is piston motion, distortion will not occur in principle in all bands. That is, although the magnetic circuit is an unequal magnetic field, since the front-back symmetry is centered around the diaphragm 3 in the center, the distortion generated in the front and the distortion in the opposite phase are generated in the rear and cancel out. However, this is only the case of full band piston motion. However, the push-pull drive and the above-mentioned divisional vibration are inconsistent, but the present invention absolutely requires a trade-off between them. The reason is that push-pull drive requires an integrated movement and, at the same time, requires division vibration for widening the band. That is, the integrated motion, in other words, the piston motion is an absolute condition for push-pull drive, which is the exact opposite of split vibration. Thus, the push-pull drive of the present invention is 100% perfect at low frequencies and close to single operation at high frequencies. At intermediate frequencies,
From the ribbon 5 right next to the central diaphragm 3, two or several ribbons 5 move together. That is, that range is the push-pull drive region at that frequency.

FIG. 11 shows the distance between the actual magnet 1 and the ribbon 5. In other words, the fact that 1.4 times the amplitude can be obtained is an operation that sets it apart from other fully driven speakers (regardless of dynamic type or condenser type). As described above, one of the greatest features of the present invention is the gap of the magnet 1 because of the special magnetic circuit. The amplitude of can be realized. However, 4 magnets 1
Under the condition that they are arranged at right angles to each other and that the shape of the space created by these four magnets 1 is square. Therefore, strictly speaking, the distance between the magnet 1 and the ribbon 5 is more correct than the gap width of the magnet 1. However, since the amplitude of the normal full-drive dynamic speaker is limited by the gap width of the magnet 1,
Since the same condition is the distance between the magnet 1 and the ribbon 5 in the present invention, if the expressions are the same, one of the greatest features of the present invention is that the gap width of the magnet 1 is The amplitude of can be realized.

FIG. 12 is a device for making the magnetic circuit close to the uniform magnetic field as described above. That is, in the figure in the case where the surface of the magnet 1 (or the pole piece 4) facing the ribbon 5 is a convex surface, the rate of moving away from (or approaching) the attracting magnetic field and the rate of approaching (or moving away from) the repulsive magnetic field are inversely proportional to each other. Because it will be close. This makes it close to the equal magnetic field.

(G). The invention's effect.

first. First of all, the distance between the magnet 1 and the ribbon diaphragm The greatest advantage is that the amplitude of is possible.

second. The next big advantage is that there is no phase shift over a wide band from high to low.

Third. Especially, high frequencies are emitted from the front and low frequencies are emitted from the rear, preventing standing waves and deterioration of directivity.

Fourth. Push-pull operation produces less distortion and therefore a wider dynamic range.

Fifth. The entire surface is driven by the ribbon 5.

Sixth. It is a complete plane drive (there is no difference in front and rear air resistance like cone type).

Seventh. It is a multi-way speaker that is coaxial and in the same magnetic field because it is a single and integrated diaphragm (a large number of ribbons 5 having different widths are joined by a rod 6).

Eighth. The ribbon 5 is used, so it is more efficient (no gap between conductors) than a voice coil using conductors, and it also has good heat dissipation (wide area) and high input resistance.

Ninth. It's not a dream to make it smaller (because of several layers of ribbon 5).

[Brief description of drawings]

Fig. 1 Side view of the basic form of the present invention Fig. 2 Magnetic flux density graph of the basic form of the present invention Fig. 3 Illustration of the reason why the magnetic circuit is distorted Fig. 4 Feeding diagram of the ribbon diaphragm system Fig. 5 (A) Previous Fig. 4 as seen from the front Fig. 5 (B) Fig. 4 as seen from the front Fig. 4 as seen from the rear Fig. 6 Front view of the present invention Fig. 7 Explanatory diagram of the reason why the distortion is canceled Fig. 8 (I) Sound Fig. 8 (II) Explanatory diagram of acoustic band filter Fig. 9 Magnetic flux density graph with convex curve on the opposite side Fig. 10 (P) Diagram of voice signal in upper half cycle period Fig. 10 (Q) Diagram of voice signal in lower and upper half cycles Fig. 12 Example of convex curve on the opposite side Number 1 in each figure 1, magnet 2, metallized part 3, diaphragm (vibrating membrane) 4, pole piece 5, ribbon 6, rod 7, yoke 8, conductor wire

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Each of four magnets 1 having the same magnetic force,
All four dimensions of length, width and height are designed to be the same and have the same volume and shape, and four magnets 1 are placed close to each other, and four adjacent horizontal neighbors have the same appropriate distance. So that the space created by the four magnets 1 is exactly square when viewed from the side, and in addition, the magnetic poles face each other so that the magnetic poles face each other. The magnetic poles are N pole and S pole, that is, different poles. Therefore, one side of each magnet 1 is a same pole comrade, the other one is a different pole, and the other side is a same pole comrade. Two places and two adjacent neighbors have two different poles. Therefore, when viewed from the side, this space created by the square magnet 1 has an attractive magnetic field of N pole and S pole facing each other, and N pole and N pole. There is no boundary line between the S pole and the repulsive magnetic field that the S pole faces. And a gap formed by the magnet 1 and two magnetic poles having the same poles and having the same poles with a proper distance from each other, and a flat diaphragm 3 made of a non-magnetic and non-conductive material It is inserted so as to penetrate the space created by each magnet 1 and the gap between these two places, and is set so that it also protrudes properly outside the gap between the two places, and only one of the flat diaphragm 3 is attached. At the position where the magnetism of the magnet 1 is applied to the surface, the metal of the conductor is made of a non-magnetic material, such as aluminum, is metalized, and the flat diaphragm 3 has the same length on both the front and back sides. The flat ribbons 5 made of non-magnetic material having different widths are intervened by the rods 6 made of non-magnetic material non-conductive material so that the ribbons 5 do not come in contact with each other from the bottom in the order of increasing width, that is, from the order closer to the diaphragm 3. Te, stacked even speak several stages Both surfaces of such a diaphragm 3 made of a shape of a mountain, metallized surface 2 of the diaphragm 3
And the ribbon 5 are guided and wired by a conductive wire so that the Fleming's left-hand rule may be met and all the currents flow in the same direction, and this conductive wire is at a non-metallized remaining portion of the diaphragm 3, Moreover, it is a laminated ribbon type push-pull drive dynamic speaker system that is configured to be wired in a place where only the magnetic field of the magnet 1 is applied and whose terminal is connected to a power amplifier.