JPH0775654B2 - Desulfurization desalination equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a desulfurization and desalination apparatus using incinerator ash.

(Prior art) Although new culture is created by modern industries and industries developed by humankind, on the other hand, it also has a great impact on the natural environment and destroys and pollutes nature beyond the purifying action of nature. It has occurred.

In order for humankind to secure a healthy and cultural life, it is necessary to eliminate the adverse effects of industrial development and create a new environment suitable for the development of life.

The problem of treating garbage incineration ash, which is the most familiar pollution in daily life, has become a problem in each country. Although various institutes in each country are conducting various researches on the problem of incineration ash disposal of raw garbage, the current situation is that no drastic solution has been found.

In addition, with the progress of the chemical industry and the increase of automobiles, the problem of exhaust gas containing sulfur, chlorine, or lead, which causes acid rain, etc., has become a problem for each country as well, which is also a breakthrough. No solution has been found.

Conventional exhaust gas treatment methods, for example, flue gas desulfurization, include two methods, a dry method and a wet method. In the dry method, after adsorption or reaction with activated carbon, activated manganese, etc., it is recovered as sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, etc. The wet method includes a method in which sulfur dioxide is washed with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, etc., and calcium carbonate is added to the absorbing solution to recover it as gypsum, and a method in which it is recovered as ammonium sulfate after being absorbed in an ammonium hydroxide solution.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, these methods have drawbacks such that the treated exhaust gas is acidic and a special large-scale device is required.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides one powerful method for solving the garbage incineration ash treatment problem, overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional treatment methods for the acidic exhaust gas containing sulfur and chlorine, and can emit the exhaust gas in neutral. A desulfurization and desalination device is provided.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The desulfurization and desalination equipment of the present invention comprises a gas inlet, a neutralization layer filled with a neutralization filter material, an adjustment layer filled with an adjustment filter material, And a pH sensor provided between the adjusting layer and the gas outlet for detecting pH 6 to 7, wherein the neutralizing filter material is animal bone powder, tie aid, active ingredient of incinerator ash, alumina and 40% by weight of animal bone powder obtained by molding and firing organic powder
With the above-mentioned porous and granular molded filter media with high alkalinity,
The adjusted filter material is formed by molding and firing animal bone powder, tie-up material, active ingredient of raw garbage incineration ash, alumina and organic powder, and has less content of animal bone powder than neutralized filter material and low alkalinity porous It is characterized in that it is a granular molded filter material.

The gas to be treated in the present invention is an acidic gas containing mainly sulfur or chlorine. For example, it is an exhaust gas obtained by burning coal, heavy oil, light oil, propane, gasoline and the like.

The above-mentioned garbage is garbage discharged in daily life, and the incinerator ash usually contains organic matter, ignition loss component, humic acid, residues (silicon dioxide), metals and harmful heavy metals.

As the garbage incineration ash used in the neutralizing filter material and the adjusted filter material of the present invention, the garbage ash that does not substantially contain harmful heavy metals is preferable. The active ingredient of incinerator ash is an incinerator ash that does not substantially contain this harmful heavy metal.

The garbage incineration ash powder that does not substantially contain this harmful heavy metal,
Raw garbage incinerated ash powder without harmful heavy metals, or incinerated ash powder obtained by incinerating while removing heavy metals when incinerating garbage, such as mercury, cadmium, lead in the presence of heavy metal adsorbents. It is an incinerated ash powder obtained by incineration while adsorbing chromium, etc.

The garbage incineration ash that does not substantially contain harmful heavy metals in the present invention is usually 0.05 m of alkyl mercury per 1 kg of garbage incineration ash.
g or less, cadmium 1 mg or less, lead 10 mg or less, hexavalent chromium 5 m
It is g or less, preferably incinerated ash powder in which these heavy metals are not detected. This incinerated ash powder is alkaline.

As the animal bone powder, bones that have been mostly discarded in the past, such as cattle, horses, and sheep, are mainly used.

Raw bones of these animals are cut into a size that is easy to burn, put into a pressure cooker, and boiled at about 200 to 400 ° C for about 90 minutes. Then, put this bone in the firing furnace, 900 ~ 1100
Bake for about 60 to 180 minutes at about ℃, and naturally cool in the furnace for about 60 minutes to return to room temperature or a state close to this.

It is important to remove the organic substances such as gelatin, fats, proteins, and glues other than the bone components remaining in the bones because they may cause oxidative rot. By the above-mentioned boiling step, most of the organic substances attached not only to the outside but also inside the pores can be separated and removed from the bone.

Then, by passing through the above-mentioned firing step, the remaining organic substances can be completely removed, and at the same time, the humidity (water content) in the bone can be lowered to several% or less, preferably to almost 0%. Further, according to the above-mentioned firing conditions, the bone becomes white and maintains the original structure having innumerable pores.

After firing and cooling as described above, the bone is crushed and powdered into a powdery bone meal of about 20 to 200 mesh, particularly preferably 50 to 100 mesh.

In the case of beef bones, the bone meal is about a weight ratio compared to raw bones.
A yield of 40% is obtained. The particles are mainly composed of calcium (about 33% by weight), phosphorus (about 16.7%) and barium (about 1.
03%), sodium (about 0.76%), sulfur (about 0.64)
%) In addition to magnesium, potassium, chlorine, amine, iron, etc., and countless micropores are continuously present inside and outside the particles. This bone meal is alkaline due to calcium and the like.

Clay-like materials are suitable as the tie aid, and examples thereof include bentonite, acid clay, activated clay, kaolin clay, sericite, pyrophyllite, refractory clay, montmorillonite, and chlorite.

It acts as a binder for alumina, and the addition of alumina increases the strength of the filter medium, but if it is too large, the pores in the filter medium tend to decrease.

The organic powder is a material that produces fine pores in the molded body when fired by mixing with other components to form and firing it, and it is sufficient as long as it has that function, but to obtain a filter medium at low cost Inexpensive materials such as wood flour, rice bran, wheat dregs,
Rice husk, waste powder, starch dregs, shochu dregs, and the like are preferable.

The amount ratio of each component of the neutralizing filter material and the adjusting filter material used in the present invention may be within the range in which the object of the present invention is achieved.

That is, the ratio of the neutralization filter material is usually 60 to 1 animal bone powder to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of raw garbage incineration ash powder and tie aid.
90 parts by weight, preferably 95-125 parts by weight; alumina 9-27
Parts by weight, preferably 14 to 23 parts by weight; organic powder 4 to 12 parts by weight, preferably 6 to 10 parts by weight.

In addition, the ratio of the adjusted filter material is usually 10 to 30 parts by weight of animal bone powder, preferably 16 to 26 parts by weight; and 8 to 26 parts by weight of alumina, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of raw refuse incineration ash powder and tie aid. Parts, preferably 13 to 21 parts by weight; organic powder 2 to 6 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 5 parts by weight.

Garbage incineration ash powder increases the strength of the filter medium and increases the flue gas treatment capacity. In addition, animal bone powder has adsorptivity and has a property of reacting with acid gas in flue gas, and has an effect of increasing the amount of pores of the filter medium.

In the production of the neutralizing filter material and the adjusting filter material, each of the above-mentioned components is weighed so as to have a desired composition and stirred,
After adding water and mixing, granulate. The obtained granules are dried, calcined and cooled to obtain a product.

Usually, the drying temperature is around 200 ° C and the firing temperature is around 800-1000 ° C.

The neutralizing filter material and the adjusting filter material are both granular, and their sizes are usually 3 to 8φ and 10 to 15φ, respectively.

When showing one aspect of the blending ratio of each component of each filter medium, the neutralization filter medium is preferably 50 parts of animal bone powder (weight part, the same hereinafter), the total amount of the binder aid and the garbage incineration ash is 40 parts. , 7 parts of alumina, the organic powder is 3 parts for making the neutralizing filter material a porous body, and the neutralizing filter material has a high content of animal bone powder and a high alkalinity.

Further, the adjusted filter material is preferably 15 parts of animal bone powder, the total amount of the binder aid and the garbage ash is 70 parts, the alumina is 12 parts, and the organic powder is 3 parts.

Such a neutralizing filter material and a regulated filter material are used by being placed in a flue gas passage and brought into contact with flue gas.

(Operation and effect) The present invention utilizes the property that animal bone powder exhibits high alkalinity, and for example, acidic exhaust gas containing sulfur or chlorine as a gas to be treated sucked up by a prower,
It is inhaled from the gas inlet, neutralized by passing through the neutralization layer, and then PH of 6 to 7 by passing through the adjustment layer.
Is adjusted to neutral and discharged from the gas outlet.

Further, a PH sensor is provided between the adjustment layer and the gas outlet, and when the PH of the exhaust gas exceeds neutral, the neutralizing filter material and the adjusting filter material described above are replaced.

The neutralization filter material and the adjusted filter material used in the desulfurization and desalination equipment of the present invention utilize raw refuse incineration ash, and can be one of the effective means for solving the raw refuse incineration ash treatment problem.

According to the present invention, acid flue gas containing sulfur or chlorine can be desulfurized or desalted and released as neutral exhaust gas, so that flue gas pollution can be removed. For example, sulfur oxides emitted from chimneys of factories, refuse incinerators, etc. are reacted with the neutralization filter material and the adjusted filter material of the present invention to form sulfuric acid, or nitrogen oxides emitted from cars are reacted to nitric acid, and It can react harmful substances and can remove them by adsorption. Further, although the flue gas is acidic (PH3 to 4), the flue gas after treatment is neutral (PH6 to PH6) by using the neutralizing filter material and the adjusted filter material of the present invention.
7).

Since the neutralizing filter material and the adjusted filter material used in the present invention are extremely porous, there is an advantage that the processing speed is high.

Further, if the neutralizing filter material and the adjusting filter material are used, these treatments can be easily performed without requiring a special device.

(Example) The neutralizing filter material is 50 parts of animal bone powder, 40 parts of the total amount of the binder aid and the garbage incineration ash, 7 parts of alumina, and 3 organic powders
Parts are weighed so that the composition is in the above proportion, stirred, water is added and mixed, and then granulated to 3 to 8φ. The obtained granules are dried at around 200 ° C, calcined at around 800 to 1000 ° C, and cooled to produce.

On the other hand, as the adjusted filter material, 15 parts of animal bone powder, 70 parts of the total amount of the binder aid and the garbage incineration ash, 12 parts of alumina and 3 parts of the organic powder are weighed so as to have the composition of the above ratio and stirred. ,
After adding water and mixing, granulate to 10 to 15φ. The obtained granules are dried at around 200 ° C, calcined at around 800 to 1000 ° C, and cooled to produce.

The neutralized filter material and the adjusted filter material thus produced are filled in the container shown in FIG.

The container shown in FIG.
A bottom plate 4 in which two holes 2a and 3a are formed is welded, and two small cylinders 2 and 3 are arranged inside the cylinder. Small cylinders 2 and 3 have bottom surfaces 2a and 3a opened, and top surfaces 2b and 3a.
3b is sealed, and a large number of small holes are formed on its side surface.

The neutralization filter material or the adjusted filter material is filled inside the container (around the small cylinders 2 and 3).

This container is sucked from above by, for example, a blower, so that the exhaust gas supplied from the lower part of the container is guided into the small cylinders 2 and 3 as shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure, and further provided on the side surface thereof. It is introduced into the container through the small hole, and is sucked upward after coming into contact with the neutralization filter material or the adjusted filter material filled in the container.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of a desulfurization and desalination equipment as one embodiment.

In the figure, a gas inlet 10 is an inlet for taking in exhaust gas. The cylindrical main body 11 has a closed structure, and a container 12 filled with a neutralizing filter material is arranged in the lower part of the inside of the main body 11, and a regulated filter is arranged in the upper part of the inside with a predetermined space 13. A container 14 filled with the material is arranged. These containers 12 and 14 can be inserted and removed by a door (not shown) provided on the side surface of the main body 11 so that the adjusted filtering material or the neutralizing filtering material can be replaced.

An upper part of the main body 11 is a flue channel for guiding exhaust gas, and a blower 15 is provided in the middle part of the flue channel. Further, a chimney 16 is attached to the end of the blower 15, and the tip of the chimney 16 serves as a gas outlet 17. Further, a PH sensor 18 is provided inside the chimney 16 near the gas outlet to detect the concentration of the exhaust gas desulfurized and desalted.

In the desulfurization and desalination equipment having such a configuration, the blower 15
Is driven, the exhaust gas supplied from the gas inlet 10 is guided as shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure. First,
The exhaust gas is guided into a small cylinder of the container 12 filled with the neutralizing filter material, flows out to the surroundings from a large number of small holes provided on the side surface thereof, and contains a large amount of animal bone powder, and the alkalinity is high. The Japanese filter material is contacted and neutralized. The exhaust gas neutralized in the container 12 is filled with the adjusted filter material through the space 13, and is guided into the small cylinder of the container 14 arranged so that the small cylinder position is orthogonal to the container 12, for example, The pH is adjusted to 6 to 7 by flowing out from a large number of small holes provided on the side surface to the periphery and coming into contact with the adjusted filter material containing an appropriate amount of animal bone powder.

The exhaust gas whose pH has been adjusted in this way passes through the flue passage, the blower 15, and is discharged from the gas outlet of the chimney 16.
At this time, the concentration of the discharged gas is monitored by the PH sensor 18, and if this concentration exceeds a neutral value (for example, PH7), an alarm will be issued on the monitoring panel provided in another place. ing. This causes the operator to replace the neutralization filter material or the adjusted filter material.

As described above, since the exhaust gas is adjusted to be neutral and discharged by passing through the neutralization filter material and the adjusted filter material, smoke pollution can be prevented.

The case where two small cylinders are provided in the container has been described, but the number of small cylinders is not limited to this.
It may be any number.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view in which a part of the desulfurization and desalination equipment of the present invention is cut away, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a container for accommodating a neutralization filter material or a regulated filter material. 10 ... Gas inlet, 12 ... Container filled with neutralization filter material (neutralization layer), 14 ... Container filled with adjustment filter material (adjustment layer),
17 …… Gas outlet, 18 …… PH sensor.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B01D 53/81 B01D 53/34 ZAB

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gas inlet, a neutralization layer filled with a neutralization filter material, an adjustment layer filled with an adjustment filter material, and pH 6 to 7 provided between the adjustment layer and the gas outlet are detected. It has a pH sensor capable of neutralization, and the neutralization filter material contains animal bone powder, binder aid, active ingredient of garbage incineration ash, alumina and organic powder of 40% by weight or more. Porous and granular shaped filtering material with high alkalinity, the adjusted filtering material is formed by molding and burning animal bone powder, tie aid, active ingredient of raw garbage incineration ash, alumina and organic powder, and neutralization filtering material. Also, a desulfurization and desalination device characterized by being a porous and granular molded filter material having a low content of animal bone powder and a low alkalinity.