JPH0775701B2 - Collection quality improvement device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for improving the quality of collected materials used in, for example, a bulky waste crushing plant, a waste sorting plant, a scrap car processing plant and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, various kinds of oversized garbage such as wooden and steel furniture, home electric appliances such as TVs, refrigerators and washing machines, bicycles, tatami mats, carpets, etc. have been increasing due to the increase of citizens' income and model change. It is going on all the way. These bulky wastes are crushed at the bulky waste crushing plant of the local government and classified into combustibles, incombustibles and iron three times, or aluminum is added to four classifications, inflammables are incinerated, incombustibles are landfilled, Iron and aluminum are sold. On the other hand, general ordinary waste is collected in bags and incinerated, but depending on the local government, a waste sorting plant is set up to sell paper and plastics, bottles, iron and aluminum by hand sorting, air sorting and magnets. However, there are also cases where the remaining miscellaneous materials are incinerated. As a private business, there is also an example in which scrapped cars are crushed and iron is removed by a magnet, and copper and aluminum are manually selected to bury the remaining combustibles.
Figure 1 shows a large-sized waste crushing plant 1 used by local governments.
An outline of 00 is shown. In the figure, 101 is a waste pit, and a large amount of oversized waste is fixedly supplied by a crane 102 by a crane 10.
It is thrown into the hopper 104 of No. 3, is supplied to the rotary crusher 106 by the supply conveyor 105, and is crushed. The crushed material passes through the openings of the grate 107 to a size of about 150 mm or less, and the vibrating screen device 109 is moved by the conveyor 108.
(Sometimes using a trommel device.) In the vibrating screen device 109, incombustibles are dropped and stored in the lower hopper 110, and the rest are sent by the conveyor 111. Reference numeral 112 is a magnet, and iron is adsorbed on the iron hopper 1
Stored in 13. Reference numeral 114 denotes a linear motor type aluminum separating device, which repels aluminum and stores it in an aluminum hopper 115. The remaining combustibles fall into the combustibles hopper 116 and are stored. Iron and aluminum are then sold, combustibles are incinerated in a refuse incinerator, and incombustibles are landfilled. However, in reality, even if the sieve is vibrated, it can be divided into a large size and a small size. Since the small size of these is made non-combustible, it includes a fairly combustible material, the crown of a beer bottle, the lid of an aluminum can, and the like. Even if iron is adsorbed by a magnet, iron will catch mainly flammable materials such as pieces of cloth, strings, and pieces of paper. For this reason, in a good plant, the magnets are provided in two stages, but the proportion of iron increases, but this is not perfect. The same applies to the aluminum repulsion device, and the flammable material on the aluminum also repels together, and the aluminum hopper mixes a fair amount of combustible material. For this reason, a good plant has two stages of aluminum repulsion, but it is not perfect. When selling such quality products, the price is determined by the purity, and the products with poor purity cannot be collected. In addition, iron and aluminum that have slipped through are mixed in the remaining combustibles, and a considerable amount of incombustibles are also mixed in. When burned in an incinerator, high calorie dust and earth and sand, glass, etc. Clinkers are easily generated due to the mixture of non-combustible substances, which often hinders the operation of the incinerator. Table 1 shows the purity and the recovery rate of the recovered material in the coarse waste crushing plant, which is considered to be the best in Japan. The purity shown in the table shows that it is not perfect. Incombustible purity 60
% Means that 40% of combustibles are mixed,
This is a state where combustibles are fairly visible even in landfills. The purity of combustibles is 70%, which means that 30% of incombustibles are mixed. In this state, clinker is generated in the incinerator. Iron purity 98%, flammable material 2%, aluminum purity 90
% Means that 10% of combustible material is contained. Although they are respectively in weight%, since the specific gravity of the combustibles is small, they are in a dirty state due to the fact that the actual combustibles are noticeable.

[Table 1] This year, the “Waste Recycling Promotion Law” submitted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry passed the Diet. This is for the purpose of collecting waste discharged from homes and businesses as valuable resources, reducing the amount of waste, and at the same time protecting resources. In the future, the above-mentioned bulky waste crushing plant,
It is expected that the number of garbage sorting plants and scrap car processing plants will increase, and at the same time, the quality of collected materials will be emphasized.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems and was devised to solve it. The purpose of the present invention is to dispose of a bulky waste crushing plant, a waste sorting plant, and a scrap car. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for improving the quality of recovered materials that improves the quality value by increasing the purity of recovered materials recovered from processing plants and the like.

[0004]

The recovered material quality improving apparatus of the present invention basically comprises a sieving apparatus for incinerating a recovered material mixed with combustible material and sieving it into incinerated ash and valuable materials. The present invention is characterized in that it comprises a heating air supply device which is provided in a sieving device and supplies heated air for igniting and burning combustible materials.

[0005]

The recovered material mixed with the combustible material is supplied to the sieving apparatus, and the heated air from the heated air supply apparatus is supplied to the sieving apparatus. The combustible material mixed with the recovered material is ignited and incinerated by heated air into incinerated ash and valuables, which are sieved by a sieving apparatus. In other words, by incinerating the recovered material recovered from a bulky waste crushing plant, a waste sorting plant, a scrap car processing plant, etc. by contacting it with the heated air of the ignition temperature of the combustible material mixed therewith, that is, 200 to 250 ° C or more. To do. For example, when the recovered material is a valuable material such as iron or aluminum, the combustible material mixed with these is spontaneously ignited by contacting it with heated air and incinerated. However, if burned at a temperature that is too high, iron and aluminum will be oxidized, so combustion should be performed at a low temperature. Where this device is different from the incinerator, it burns a large amount of combustibles in the incinerator, so it becomes extremely high temperature.However, in this device, a small amount of each combustible intervening between recovered materials is incinerated individually, Since it burns with a large amount of excess air,
The inside of the apparatus only rises to the temperature of the supply air by a slight amount of heat generation.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a bulky refuse crushing plant and a collected product quality improving apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention applied to the plant. FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view showing a collected product quality improving apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a vertical side view of FIG. The recovered material quality improving apparatus 1 includes a sieving apparatus 2 that incinerates the recovered material A mixed with a combustible material B and sifts it into incinerated ash C and valuables D, and a combustible material B provided in the sieving apparatus 2. Air supply device 3 for supplying heated air E for igniting and incinerating
The main part is composed of, and in this example, the sieving apparatus 2 is provided with a vibrating screen 4 capable of vibrating and
A vibrating screen is used in which heated air E is supplied from below.
In FIG. 2, 5 is a supply hopper in which the recovered material A is put. Reference numeral 6 denotes a supply pusher, which supplies the recovered material A in a fixed amount. Reference numeral 7 is a damper, which opens when used. Reference numeral 4 is a vibrating screen which is composed of wire mesh and grizzling and is capable of vibrating with respect to the fixed side. Reference numeral 8 is a main body provided to cover the upper part of the vibrating screen 4. Reference numeral 9 denotes a hopper provided below the vibrating screen 4, in which hot air E heated to about 250 ° C. by supplying cold air from a forced draft fan 11 to high-temperature gas from a direct-fire air heating furnace 10. Is blown into the main body 8 from below the vibrating sieve 4 and comes into contact with the combustible material B in the recovered material A for incineration. 12 is an oil or gas burner. 13 is an air damper for the burner. 14 is an air damper for cold air. The exhaust gas passes through the outlet duct 15 and is separated into soot and dust by the cyclone 16 and is discharged into the atmosphere by the attracting fan 17. The incinerated ash C separated by the vibrating screen 4 falls into the hopper 9, passes through the double damper 18, and then the ash conveyor 19
Is discharged by. Reference numeral 20 is a rotary valve for the cyclone 16, and the soot dust is discharged into the ash conveyor 19. On the other hand, the valuables D with improved quality are discharged by the valuables conveyor 22 through the double damper 21. Reference numeral 23 is a flexible seal for cutting the edge between the fixed side and the main body 8. A thermometer 24 sends this signal to the controller 25 in order to maintain the temperature inside the main body 8 between the ignition temperature of the combustible material B and the oxidation temperature of the valuable material D, and the burner air damper 13 and the cooling air. The damper 14 is adjusted and the amount of oil or gas in the burner 12 is controlled. In FIG. 1, first, the combustible material is taken out from the combustible material hopper 116 of the oversized waste crushing plant 100, sent to the recovered material quality improving apparatus 1 by the conveyor 26, and only the sieving action is performed without sending the heated air E. The incombustible material mixed with the combustible material is separated, the purity of the combustible material is increased, and the combustible material is sent to the combustible material hopper 27 by the conveyor 22. In this case, since the combustible material is incinerated later by an incinerator (not shown), it is not necessary to thoroughly raise the purity. Next, the iron is taken out from the iron hopper 113, and the conveyor 2
6 to the recovered product quality improvement device 1, where the combustible substances mixed with iron are incinerated by the heated air E, and then the conveyor 2
Deliver to the iron hopper 28 according to 2. And aluminum hopper 1
The aluminum is taken out of 15, and is sent to the collected product quality improving apparatus 1 by the conveyor 26. The combustible material mixed with the aluminum is incinerated by the heated air E, and then sent by the conveyor 22 to the aluminum hopper 29. Finally, the non-combustible material is taken out from the lower hopper 110, sent to the collected material quality improving apparatus 1 by the conveyor 26, and the combustible material mixed with the non-combustible material is incinerated by the heated air E, and then by the conveyor 22. Send to the incombustible hopper 30. At this time, the incineration ash C stored in the hopper 9 also drives the conveyor 19 and sends it to the incombustible hopper 30. In this way, one collected product quality improvement device 1 can be used in four ways.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment, the sieving device 2 is
The rotary sieve 31 is rotatable, and the heated air E is supplied from the lower half of the rotary sieve 31 and the exhaust gas is discharged from the upper half of the rotary sieve 31. The recovered material A enters the supply hopper 5 and is quantitatively supplied by the supply pusher 6. 7 is a damper. Reference numeral 31 is a rotary sieve (trommel), which is rotatably provided on the fixed side and is rotated by a rotary drive device 32. Around the rotary sieve 31, holes for ash removal, gas discharge and air introduction are opened. Collected material A is rotary sieve 3
According to the rotation of 1, proceed from left to right while being stirred. Heating air E of 200 to 300 ° C depending on the direct-fire air heating furnace 10
And send it from the hopper 9 into the rotary sieve 31,
Incinerate the combustible material B mixed with. At the same time, the incinerated ash C falls into the hopper 9, passes through the double damper 18, and then the ash conveyor 1
Sent at 9. The exhaust gas passes through the upper half hole of the rotary sieve 31 to the main body 8 that covers it, passes through the outlet duct 15, is dedusted by the cyclone 16, and is discharged by the induced draft fan 17.
Reference numeral 20 is a rotary valve for the cyclone 16, and the soot dust is discharged into the ash conveyor 19. A thermometer 24 controls the temperature in the rotary sieve 31 within a temperature range in which the recovered material A does not oxidize and ignites the combustible material B. Reference numeral 25 is a controller. A seal plate 33 separates the main body 8 into upper and lower parts.

Although the collected product quality improving apparatus 1 is applied to the bulky refuse crushing plant 100 in the previous embodiment, it is not limited to this and may be applied to, for example, a refuse sorting plant or a scrap car processing plant.

[0009]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The following excellent effects can be achieved. (1) It is composed of a sieving device and a heated air supply device, and a controller is provided so that the combustible material mixed in the recovered material is ignited and incinerated by the heated air so that the internal temperature is always kept low. The purity can be increased, the quality value can be increased, and true recovery can be achieved. (2) The sieving device has a functional structure that not only separates incombustibles but also sends in heated air from the bottom and incinerates mixed combustibles. Will be easier. (3) If the recovered material is incombustible, the combustible material mixed with this is incinerated by the heated air, so the amount can be reduced and the purity can be improved, and the hygiene in the landfill can be improved. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a bulky waste crushing plant and a recovered material quality improving apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention applied to the plant.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view showing a collected product quality improving device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view showing a collected product quality improving device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a vertical side view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Recovered material quality improvement device 2 Screening device 3 Heated air supply device

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location B07B 1/30

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A sieving device for incinerating a recovered material mixed with a combustible substance to screen it into incinerated ash and valuables, and heating for supplying heated air for igniting and burning the combustible substance provided in the sieving device. Combustible materials without oxidizing valuable materials in the air supply device and heated air
An apparatus for improving the quality of collected materials, comprising: 2. The collected product quality improving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sieving apparatus is a vibrating screen type in which a vibrating vibrating screen is provided and heated air is supplied from below the vibrating screen. 3. The trommel type sieving apparatus is provided with a rotatable rotary screen, and heated air is supplied from the lower half of the rotary screen and exhaust gas is discharged from the upper half of the rotary screen.
Equipment for improving the quality of collected materials.