JPH0789009B2 - Condensation evaporator and its operating method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention allows heat exchange between a liquid medium in a first fluid chamber and a fluid in a second fluid chamber to evaporate and vaporize the liquid medium and condense and liquefy a gas fluid. And a method of operating the same, in particular, in a condensing evaporator used in an air liquefaction separation device, a liquid medium introduced into a first fluid chamber, that is, liquefied oxygen introduced into an oxygen chamber, is efficiently boiled with a small amount. The present invention relates to a condensing evaporator suitable for evaporating and efficiently condensing and liquefying a gas fluid introduced into a second fluid chamber, that is, a nitrogen gas introduced into a nitrogen chamber, and an operating method thereof.

[Conventional technology]

Condensation evaporator used in the double rectification column of the air liquefaction separation device, as shown in JP-A-56-56592,
A so-called plate fin type heat exchanger in which the vertical direction is partitioned by a number of horizontal partition plates, and two chambers, an oxygen chamber that is the first fluid chamber and a nitrogen chamber that is the second fluid chamber, are alternately stacked next to each other. What is used is often used.

11 and 12 show a conventional plate fin type condensation evaporator of this type. FIG. 11 shows an oxygen chamber of the condensation evaporator, and FIG. 12 also shows a nitrogen chamber. . In each of the following figures, the solid line arrow indicates the liquid flow direction, and the chain line arrow indicates the gas flow direction.

The oxygen chamber 2 of the condensing evaporator 1 is provided with a heat transfer plate inside to form a large number of vertical evaporation passages 3, 3, and the upper and lower end portions of the evaporation passage 3 are opened to form a lower end. Liquefied oxygen
An LO inlet 4 is provided, and an upper end portion thereof is an outlet 5 for a mixed flow of oxygen gas GO and liquefied oxygen LO. The oxygen chamber 2 is filled with liquefied oxygen LO by immersing the condensation evaporator 1 in the liquefied oxygen LO accumulated in the bottom space of the upper tower 6, and the liquefied oxygen LO in the oxygen chamber 2 is adjacent to the liquefied oxygen LO. Nitrogen gas in the nitrogen chamber 7 GN
The heat is exchanged with a part thereof, and a part of it evaporates to become a bubble of nitrogen gas GO and rises in the evaporation passage 3. The liquefied oxygen LO forms a circulation flow inside and outside the condenser evaporator 1 due to the density difference between the gas-liquid mixed phase of the liquefied oxygen LO in the oxygen chamber and the vaporized oxygen gas GO and the liquefied oxygen LO outside the oxygen chamber. . In addition, some of the liquefied oxygen LO and oxygen gas GO are outsourced as products.

On the other hand, in the nitrogen chamber 7, a large number of vertical condensing channels 8, 8 are formed in a chamber in which each end of the four circumferences is sealed.
The upper and lower ends of the above are connected to the lower tower 13 via headers 9 and 10 and pipes 11 and 12 provided above and below one end of the nitrogen chamber 7, respectively. This nitrogen chamber 7 includes a pipe 11 and an upper header 9
Nitrogen gas GN in the upper part of the lower tower 13 is introduced into the condensing flow path 8 as a downward flow via, and the liquefied nitrogen LN condensed in the condensing flow path 8 is led out from the lower header 10 and the pipe 12. Further, the non-condensable gas GX in the nitrogen gas GN is led out from the purge nozzle 10a provided on the upper part of the lower header 10.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, since the conventional condensing evaporator 1 is used by immersing the whole in the liquefied oxygen LO in the bottom space of the upper tower 6, the condensing evaporator is required to store a large amount of liquefied oxygen LO in the space. I couldn't get 1 to work. For this reason, it takes a long time to start up the apparatus, and the amount of oxygen released at the time of stoppage increases, resulting in a loss of the refrigerant release amount power cost and the like. In addition, there are major security issues in case of an emergency.

Further, in the nitrogen chamber 7 on the condensing side, the condensing channel 8 is formed in the vertical direction, and the nitrogen gas GN flows down while condensing, so that the amount of liquefied nitrogen increases in the lower part of the channel 8 and the thick liquid Since it forms a film and covers the surface of the heat transfer surface, it becomes a heat resistance layer and reduces heat transfer performance.

Therefore, the present invention reduces the required amount of liquefied oxygen (liquid medium) on the oxygen chamber (first fluid chamber) side and improves the heat transfer performance of nitrogen gas (gas fluid) on the nitrogen chamber (second fluid chamber) side. An object of the present invention is to provide a condensing evaporator that can be operated and a method of operating the same.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the condensing evaporator of the present invention has a plurality of vertical partition plates alternately forming a plurality of first fluid chambers and second fluid chambers, and a liquid medium of the first fluid chambers. And a condensing evaporator that performs heat exchange with the gas fluid in the second fluid chamber, a liquid medium reservoir is provided on the upper part of the condensing evaporator, and a liquid medium introducing path and a liquid medium evaporating path are provided in the first fluid chamber. And the liquid medium introducing passage and the liquid medium vaporizing passage are communicated with each other in the lower portion of the first fluid chamber, and the upper portions of both passages are communicated with the liquid medium reservoir. , A plurality of the first fluid chambers, a part of the chambers is a liquid medium introducing chamber that serves as a liquid medium introducing passage, and the remaining chambers are liquid medium vaporizing chambers that serve as a liquid medium vaporizing passage, and the lower ends of both chambers Section is made to communicate with each other by a communication passage, and a plurality of vertical partition plates make it possible to make a plurality of first fluid chambers and second fluid chambers. In the condensing evaporator in which the liquid medium in the first fluid chamber and the gas fluid in the second fluid chamber perform heat exchange alternately, the second fluid chamber has at least one side end opened. While forming a gas introduction port for introducing the gas fluid, a condensation flow path having a downward gradient with respect to the horizontal direction from the gas introduction port to the condensate discharge port is formed, In addition, the second fluid chamber closes the upper end portion and opens both side end portions or both side end portions and the lower end portion, the opening of one side end portion serves as a gas introduction port, and the other side end portion or The opening of the side end and the lower end is the condensate outlet, and further,
The first fluid chamber is divided into at least three flow passages in the width direction by at least two partition rods arranged from the upper end to the vicinity of the lower end of the chamber, and the central flow passage is filled with liquid. The second fluid chamber is a medium introduction path, and the flow passages on both sides are liquid medium evaporation passages. The second fluid chamber is opened at both widthwise end portions to serve as gas introduction ports, and the widthwise central portion of the second fluid chamber is formed. A condensate flow-down path having a lower end opened corresponding to the liquid medium introduction path of the first fluid chamber, and the condensate flow-out port of the condensation flow path is opened in the condensate flow-down path. And a corrugation fin is provided in the liquid medium evaporation passage of the first fluid chamber, the surface of the liquid medium evaporation passage of the first fluid chamber is formed of a boiling promoting nuclear heat transfer surface, The fluid chamber substantially closes the lower end portion and both end portions and opens the upper end portion into the liquid medium reservoir. And the first fluid chamber is divided into two flow passages by a partition rod arranged from the upper end to the lower end of the chamber, and one flow passage is used as a liquid medium introduction passage and the other flow passage is A liquid medium evaporation path, a liquid medium introduction path of the first fluid chamber is arranged corresponding to the vicinity of a condensed liquid outlet of the second fluid chamber, and a condensation flow path of the second fluid chamber is corrugated. The fins are formed by fins, and a liquid draining portion is provided at a part of the condensate outlet of the condensing passage of the second fluid chamber.

Further, in the operation method of the condensation evaporator of the present invention, in controlling the condensation evaporation capacity of the condensation evaporator in the operation of the condensation evaporator configured as described above, the second fluid is provided below the condensation evaporator. A condensate reservoir is provided for accumulating the condensate that condenses and flows down in the chamber, and the amount of the condensate discharged from the condensate reservoir is adjusted to change the amount of the lower part of the second fluid chamber immersed in the condensate. Alternatively, instead of the condensate reservoir, a header for condensing the condensate condensed in the second fluid chamber and flowing down is continuously provided below the condensing evaporator, and the amount of the condensate discharged from the header is adjusted. It is characterized in that the amount of condensed liquid in the second fluid chamber is changed.

[Work]

By configuring the condensing evaporator as described above, the liquid medium is stored in the liquid medium reservoir above the condensing evaporator without immersing the condensing evaporator in the liquid medium, and from the liquid medium reservoir to the first fluid chamber. Since the operation can be performed only by introducing the liquid medium, the operation of the condensation evaporator can be performed with a smaller amount of the liquid medium than in the conventional case. Furthermore, since the condensing flow path of the second fluid chamber is formed in a downward gradient from the gas introduction port formed at one end to the condensate derivation port, the gas fluid can be introduced substantially evenly in the vertical direction of the second fluid chamber, The liquid medium in the first fluid chamber can be efficiently heated.

Further, according to the operating method of the present invention, since the area of the heat transfer surface in contact with the gas fluid in the second fluid chamber can be adjusted, the amount of condensation of the gas fluid and the liquid medium heated by the gas fluid can be adjusted. It is also possible to control the evaporation amount of.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings with respect to an example in which the first fluid chamber is an oxygen chamber, the second fluid chamber is a nitrogen chamber, the evaporating liquid medium is oxygen, and the condensing gas fluid is nitrogen. . The same elements as those of the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the condensing evaporator of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an oxygen chamber part of the condensing evaporator, and FIG. 2 shows a nitrogen chamber part of the same. There is.

This condensing evaporator 20 is arranged in a nitrogen gas atmosphere in the upper part of the lower tower 13, the oxygen chamber 21 part is completely sealed, and the nitrogen chamber 22 part is opened to the nitrogen gas atmosphere. In addition, below the condensing evaporator 20, its upper opening edge 23
A condensate reservoir 23 in which a is formed up to an appropriate position of the condenser evaporator 20 is provided.

The oxygen chamber 21 of the condenser / evaporator 20 has side bars 24, 2 at the left and right ends and the lower end of each chamber partitioned by vertical partition plates.
It is closed by 4, and an almost entire surface of the upper end is opened, and a liquid medium reservoir 25 formed at the bottom of the upper tower 6 is connected to the upper part of the opening. The inside of the oxygen chamber 21 is partitioned by a partition rod 26 provided from the upper end to the vicinity of the lower end, and one narrow portion is used as a liquid medium introduction passage 27, and the other wide portion is used as a liquid. The medium evaporation path 28 is used. The liquid medium introduction passage 27 and the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 are communicated with each other by a communication passage 29 formed between the lower end portion of the partition rod 26 below the oxygen chamber 21 and the side bar 24. Further, in the communication passage 29 and the liquid medium evaporation passage 28, a heat transfer member composed of corrugation fins or the like is arranged to form a large number of evaporation passages 28a, 28a.

The liquefied oxygen LO rectified in the upper tower 6 is the liquefied oxygen image injection tube 30.
Is introduced into the liquid medium reservoir 25 by the liquid medium introduction passage 27 in the oxygen chamber 21.
Each of the evaporation passages 28 of the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 through the communication passage 29.
introduced to a. The liquefied oxygen LO is heated by the nitrogen gas GN introduced into the nitrogen chamber 22 described later in the liquid medium evaporation passage 28,
Part of it evaporates and becomes oxygen gas GO, which rises as a gas-liquid mixed flow. The gas-liquid mixed flow of liquefied oxygen LO and oxygen gas GO rising from the liquid medium evaporation path 28 to the liquid medium reservoir 25 is separated by the liquid medium reservoir 25, a part of the oxygen gas GO is discharged as a product, and the rest is the upper part. It becomes the rising gas of the tower 6. Further, a part of the liquefied oxygen LO is discharged as a product or a protective liquid acid, and most of the liquefied oxygen LO again flows into the liquid medium introducing passage 27 and circulates in the oxygen chamber 21.

In this way, while circulating the liquefied oxygen LO in the oxygen chamber 21,
The amount of liquefied oxygen LO required to operate the condensing evaporator 20 by forming part of it to evaporate may be the amount filling the oxygen chamber 21 and the predetermined amount stored in the liquid medium reservoir 25. Therefore, as in the conventional case, the condensation evaporator 20 can be operated in a much smaller amount than the amount in which the entire condensation evaporator 20 is immersed. As a result, the start-up time of the air separation device can be shortened, the amount of refrigerant discharged when the device is stopped can be reduced, and security problems can be easily solved. In addition, since the liquefied oxygen LO circulates in the oxygen chamber 21 due to its own density difference, pumping equipment such as a pump and a thermosiphon reboiler and other incidental equipment are not required, and new equipment costs and power costs are incurred. Nothing.

The liquefied oxygen LO in the oxygen chamber 21 is circulated in the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 with respect to the density of the liquefied oxygen LO in the liquid medium introduction passage 27.
This is caused by the difference in the apparent density of the gas-liquid mixed phase consisting of LO and oxygen gas GO. The circulated amount of liquefied oxygen LO is [the head difference between the liquid medium introduction path 27 and the liquid medium evaporation path 28-the liquid medium introduction path 27 and liquid-phase flow pressure loss in liquid medium evaporation passage 28-gas-liquid two-phase flow pressure loss in liquid medium evaporation passage 28] becomes larger. Therefore, in order to increase the circulation amount of the liquefied oxygen LO, it is necessary to reduce the pressure loss of both flows. In particular, the pressure loss of the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 has a great influence, and therefore the heat transfer element arranged in the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 must have a small pressure loss coefficient.
For this reason, a heat transfer body such as a corrugation fin is not provided in the liquid medium evaporation passage 28, and a boiling promoting nucleus is formed on the primary transfer surface (surface of the partition plate) of the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 to liquefy. It is possible to promote boiling evaporation of oxygen LO and reduce flow pressure loss. The boiling promoting nuclei can be formed by sintering powder metal, thermal spraying, or machining a reentrant cavity.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the nitrogen chamber 22 adjacent to the oxygen chamber 21 via a partition plate has a side bar 31 on the entire upper end portion and a part of the lower end portion facing the liquid medium reservoir 25. , 31a, and a plurality of condensing flow paths 32, 32 by disposing heat transfer members such as corrugation fins having both ends opened in a portion of the oxygen chamber 21 adjacent to the liquid medium evaporation passage 28. Condensate descending passages 33 are formed by opening the side end portions and the lower end portions of the portions adjacent to the medium introducing passage 27, respectively.

The condensation channel 32 is liquefied nitrogen condensed in the condensation channel 32.
In order to allow LN to flow down from the condensing flow path 32, from the gas inlet 34 opened at the side end of the nitrogen chamber 22 to the horizontal direction toward the condensate outlet 35 opened in the condensate downstream passage 33, as appropriate. There is a gentle downhill slope. Further, the condensate outlet 35 of the condensing channel 32 has a plurality of liquid draining portions 36, 36 formed by projecting a part of the vertical direction thereof into the condensate flow-down passage 33. The liquid draining section 36 guides the liquefied nitrogen LN flowing down from the condensate outlet 35 of the upper condensing channel 32 to the condensate flow-down passage 33, and the liquefied nitrogen LN flowing down from above is condensed liquid outlet 35. It prevents the condensate outlet 35 of the lower condensing channel 32 from being blocked with a liquid film.

The nitrogen gas GN rectified in the lower tower 13 flows into the respective condensation passages 32 from the gas inlet 34 substantially evenly, and exchanges heat with the liquefied oxygen LO in the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 of the adjacent oxygen chamber 21. Flowing toward the condensate outlet 35 due to the descending gradient of the condensing passage 32 while performing the condensation and flowing down from the condensate outlet 35 to the condensate downflow passage 33,
Further, it flows down to the condensate reservoir 23 below and is led out from a pipe 37. This liquefied nitrogen LN is the upper tower 6 and the lower tower as before.
Used as a reflux liquid for 13 or collected as a product.

In this way, the nitrogen gas GN is introduced from the gas introduction port 34 at one end of the nitrogen chamber 22 into each condensing flow path 32 having a downward slope, and is led out from the condensate outlet port 35 at the other side to obtain nitrogen gas. Chamber 22
Since the amount of liquefied nitrogen LN condensed in the vertical direction can be made substantially the same, the film heat transfer coefficient can be made substantially the same in the vertical direction.

Therefore, since sufficient heat exchange can be performed with the liquefied oxygen LO in the lower part of the liquid medium evaporation passage 27 of the oxygen chamber 21, the heat transfer performance by condensation evaporation can be maximized. Particularly in a large tall condenser evaporator, the length of the condensing channel 32 can be significantly shortened, so that a liquid film of liquefied nitrogen LN formed near the condensate outlet 35 of each condensing channel 32. Can be made thinner, and the decrease in heat transfer performance can be minimized.

Further, since the cross-sectional area of the condensing channel 32 is increased and the opening areas of the gas inlet 34 and the condensate outlet 35 can be increased, the amount of condensation per cross-sectional area of the condensing channel and the flow resistance are reduced, and the heat The exchange efficiency can be further improved. Further, since the eaves-shaped liquid draining portion 36 is provided in a part of the condensate outlet 35 in the vertical direction, the condensed liquefied nitrogen LN can be smoothly led out.

Since the nitrogen chamber 22 is open to the nitrogen gas atmosphere in the upper part of the lower tower 13, the non-condensable gas is not concentrated in the nitrogen chamber 22 and the condensing ability is not lowered. Further, since the liquid medium introducing passage 27 of the oxygen chamber 21 and the condensate descending passage 33 of the nitrogen chamber 22 having a relatively low heat transfer performance because the condensate gathers and flows down, are arranged adjacent to each other, the liquid medium introducing passage It is possible to prevent the liquefied oxygen LO from evaporating in 27 and hindering the circulation.

The operation control of the condensing evaporator 20 is performed by adjusting the derivation amount of the liquefied oxygen LO and adjusting the heat load by providing a liquid level gauge or the like as in the conventional case.In addition to this control means, the present invention condenses Liquefied nitrogen is controlled by controlling the amount of liquefied nitrogen LN discharged from the liquid reservoir 23.
Adjust the liquid level of LN so that the bottom of the condensation evaporator 20 is liquefied nitrogen.
Amount to be immersed in LN, that is, heat transfer material and nitrogen gas GN in nitrogen chamber 22
The ability to heat the liquefied oxygen LO in the oxygen chamber 21 adjacent to the nitrogen chamber 22 can be changed by increasing or decreasing the contact area with. As a result, the amount of condensed liquefied oxygen LO and the amount of condensed nitrogen gas GN can be adjusted and controlled, and a wide range of control corresponding to the operating state of the air liquefaction separation device becomes possible.

Next, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show a second embodiment of the condensation evaporator of the present invention, in which the condensation evaporator is installed in the space formed between the upper column and the lower column of the double rectification column. It was set up. still,
FIG. 3 shows an oxygen chamber portion and FIG. 4 shows a nitrogen chamber portion. The same elements as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The oxygen chamber 41 of the condenser-evaporator 40 in this embodiment is divided into two passages 26 in the width direction and is formed into three flow passages.
The flow path at the center is used as the liquid medium introduction path 27, and the two flow paths on both sides are used as the liquid medium evaporation paths 28, 28. These liquid medium introduction paths 27
The liquid medium evaporation passage 28 and the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 have substantially the same structure as those in the first embodiment.
A heat transfer body such as a corrugation fin is arranged at 28.

One of the nitrogen chambers 42 has a condensate flow-down passage 33 disposed in the center of the chamber corresponding to the liquid medium introduction passage 27 of the oxygen chamber 41, and the condensate flow passages 32 are substantially symmetrical with the condensate flow-down passage 33 interposed therebetween. Forming 32. Further, the condensate outlet 35 opening to the condensate flow-down path 33 is
The opening end is formed in steps and a part of the opening end is projected to the condensate flow-down passage 33 to form liquid draining portions 36, 36 on the upper surface of the step portion.

As in the first embodiment, the condenser-evaporator 40 has its upper end opened to the liquid medium reservoir 25 formed at the bottom of the upper tower 6 to connect the oxygen chamber 41 and the liquid medium reservoir 25, while The gas inlet headers 43, 43 are respectively connected to the gas inlets 34, 34 at both ends of the chamber 42 and connected to the upper part of the lower tower 13, and the condensed liquid between the side bars 31a, 31a at the lower end of the nitrogen chamber 42 is connected. A condensate outlet header 44 is connected to the lower opening of the flow-down passage 33.

Liquefied oxygen LO flowing down from the liquefied oxygen introduction pipe 30 of the upper tower 6
Is circulated between the liquid medium reservoir 25 and the liquid medium introduction passage 27, the communication passage 29, and the liquid medium evaporation passage 28 in the oxygen chamber 41, as in the first embodiment,
Part of it evaporates and becomes oxygen gas GO. In addition, a small amount of liquefied oxygen LO is led out from a header 45 connected to the lower part of the oxygen chamber 41 in order to prevent the concentration of acetylene in the oxygen chamber 41.

On the other hand, the nitrogen gas GN in the upper part of the lower tower 13 is a pipe for rising gas.
It is introduced into the gas inlet header 43 from 46 and is introduced into the nitrogen chamber 42 of the condenser evaporator 40. As described above, this nitrogen gas GN is condensed in the condensing channel 32 to become liquefied nitrogen LN, and is discharged from the condensate outlet header 44 via the condensate flow path 33. Further, the non-condensed gas GX in the nitrogen gas GN is led out from the purge nozzle 43a provided in the upper part of the gas inlet header 43.

Thus, the liquid medium introducing passage 27 is arranged in the central portion of the oxygen chamber 41, and the condensate descending passage is formed in the central portion of the nitrogen chamber 42 in correspondence with this.
By disposing 33, the condensation channel 32 of the nitrogen chamber 42 can be further shortened. Therefore, the amount of condensate in each condensing channel 32 can be made smaller than that in the first embodiment, and the liquid film of liquefied nitrogen LN can be made thinner, so that the heat transfer performance of the nitrogen chamber 42 can be further improved. it can.

In the operation control of the condenser / evaporator 40, the heat transfer area is controlled in the same manner as in the first embodiment by adjusting the amount of liquefied nitrogen LN discharged from the condensed liquid outlet header 44 in addition to the conventional control means. Can be done by

The condenser-evaporator 40 of the present embodiment is arranged in the space 47 in which pressure is released in the cold box through the opening 47a of the side wall, and the space 47 is filled with a heat insulating material or the like. May be.

5 and 6 show a third embodiment of the condensing evaporator of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows an oxygen chamber portion and FIG. 6 shows a nitrogen chamber portion. The oxygen chamber, the nitrogen chamber, and the like have the same configurations as those in the second embodiment, and therefore, the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof is omitted.

First, the upper portion of the oxygen chamber 41 of the condenser / evaporator 50 is connected to the liquid medium reservoir 25, which is provided separately above, via the oxygen header 51 and the connecting pipe 52. This oxygen header 51 and connecting pipe 52
Are formed in a double structure, and the inner side is the lower part 53 of the liquefied oxygen LO and the outer side is the rising part 54 of the gas-liquid mixed flow of oxygen gas GO and liquefied oxygen LO. Therefore, the liquefied oxygen LO is introduced from the liquid medium reservoir 25 through the connecting pipe 52 and the lower portion 53 of the oxygen header 51 into the liquid medium introducing passage 27, and through the communicating passages 29, 29, the liquid medium vaporizing passages 28, 28. Flow into the liquid medium reservoir 25 via the oxygen header 51 and the rising portion 54 of the connecting pipe 52.

One of the nitrogen chambers 42 is opened to the nitrogen gas atmosphere in the lower tower 13 as in the first embodiment except that the upper end is closed by a side bar 55. Therefore, the nitrogen gas GN can freely flow into and out of the nitrogen chamber 42, a part of which is condensed in the condensing channels 32, 32 to become liquefied nitrogen LN, which flows down the downward gradient of the condensing channel 32. Then, they gather in the condensate flow-down path 33 and flow down from the lower end of the nitrogen chamber 42 to the condensate sump 23 below.

7 to 9 show a fourth embodiment of the condensation evaporator according to the present invention.

Condensation evaporator 60 of the present embodiment, a part of the large number of oxygen chambers, liquid medium introduction chambers 61, 61 for flowing down the liquefied oxygen LO, the other oxygen chamber, the liquid medium for evaporating the liquefied oxygen LO Evaporation chamber 62,62
It is what The liquid medium introducing chamber 61 and the liquid medium evaporating chamber 62 are connected to the communicating pipes 63, 63 provided at the lower portions on both sides of the condensing evaporator 60.
Liquefied oxygen flowing through the liquid medium introduction chamber 61
The LO flows into the liquid medium evaporation chamber 62 through the communication pipe 63. Further, the inside of the liquid medium introduction chamber 61 is not arranged such that a flow resistance is provided between the partition plates 64, 64, and a heat transfer body 65 such as a corrugation fin is provided inside the one liquid medium evaporation chamber 62. It may be provided or the boiling promoting nuclear heat transfer surface may be formed as described above. In the liquid medium reservoir 66, liquefied oxygen is introduced into the liquid medium introducing chamber 61.
An introduction liquid reservoir 67 and introduction channels 68, 68 for introducing LO are formed.

Liquefied oxygen introduced into the liquid medium reservoir 66 by the liquefied oxygen introduction pipe 30
The LO is the liquid medium introduction chamber 61 through the introduction liquid reservoir 67 and the introduction flow path 68.
Is introduced into the liquid medium evaporating chamber 62 through the conduit 63.
Flows into the bottom of. Then, as in each of the above-described embodiments, a gas-liquid mixed flow of liquefied oxygen LO and oxygen gas GO becomes a gas-liquid mixed flow, which rises and circulates in the liquid medium reservoir 66.

One of the nitrogen chambers 69 can be formed with the same configuration as that of each of the above-described embodiments, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the liquid medium introducing chamber 61 is arranged adjacent to the nitrogen chamber 69, but since it is not necessary to heat the liquefied oxygen LO in the liquid medium introducing chamber 61, the liquid medium introducing chamber 61 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. Like the condensation evaporator 70, a plurality of liquid medium introduction chambers 61, 61 may be collectively arranged adjacent to each other in a part of the condensation evaporator 70 in the thickness direction. The tenth
The condenser-evaporator 70 shown in the figure corresponds to the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment.
It is configured by combining the condenser evaporators having the structures shown in the embodiments, and the same elements as those of the above-mentioned embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Further, by changing the thickness of the liquid medium introduction chamber 61 and the liquid medium evaporation chamber 62,
It is also possible to balance the temperature and flow rate. Further, the introduction liquid reservoir 67 and the lower communication pipe 63 may be connected by another pipe to introduce the liquefied oxygen LO into the liquid medium evaporation chamber 62.

In the above description, the description is based on evaporation and condensation by heat exchange between liquefied oxygen and nitrogen gas in air liquefaction separation, but one of the chambers using a liquid medium other than this and a gas fluid is used. However, the same effect can be obtained even when evaporation or condensation is not involved. Also, the relationship between the area of the liquid medium introduction portion and the liquid medium evaporation portion of the oxygen chamber, the angle of the gradient of the condensation flow path of the nitrogen chamber, the shape of each other part, etc., depend on the type and flow rate of the liquid medium and gas fluid. It can be appropriately selected.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the condensing evaporator of the present invention is provided with a liquid medium reservoir in the upper part of the condensing evaporator, and a liquid medium introducing path and a liquid medium evaporating path are provided in the first fluid chamber to change the liquid medium to the liquid medium. Since it is configured to evaporate while circulating in the reservoir and the first fluid chamber, the condenser-evaporator can be operated with a small amount of liquid medium, shortening the start-up time, reducing refrigerant loss at the time of stop, and safety problems. Can be solved.

Further, by disposing a corrugation fin in the liquid medium evaporator of the first fluid chamber, it is possible to improve the heat transfer coefficient and achieve efficient boiling evaporation, and promote boiling of the surface of the liquid medium evaporation path. By forming the nuclei on the heat transfer surface, it is possible to promote boiling evaporation and reduce flow resistance.

The first fluid chamber can be easily formed by substantially closing the lower end portion and both side end portions and opening the upper end portion in the liquid medium reservoir. Further, both flow passages are formed by partitioning the first fluid chamber into two flow passages by a partition rod.
Alternatively, a part of the plurality of first fluid chambers may be used as a liquid medium introduction chamber and the other may be used as a liquid medium evaporation chamber, and the lower end portions of the two chambers may be communicated with each other to facilitate the formation. With such a configuration, the configuration of the entire condensation evaporator can be simplified and manufacturing and assembling can be facilitated as compared with the case where the liquid medium introduction path is separately provided by a pipe or the like.

Furthermore, by disposing the liquid medium introduction path of the first fluid chamber so as to correspond to the vicinity of the condensate outlet of the second fluid chamber, the liquid medium evaporates in the liquid medium introduction path and hinders circulation. Can be prevented.

On the other hand, in the second fluid chamber, a condensation flow path having a downward gradient with respect to the horizontal direction from the gas inlet to the condensate outlet is formed, and the gas fluid is introduced from one end to flow down to the other side. Therefore, the gas fluid can be introduced substantially evenly in the vertical direction of the second fluid chamber, and the liquid medium in the lower portion of the first fluid chamber can be efficiently heated. Further, since the condensing channel can be formed short, the liquid film of the condensate can be thinned, and the boundary film heat transfer coefficient on the condensing side can be improved.

Further, the condensate flow path of the second fluid chamber can be easily formed by corrugation fins, and the condensate drain port is provided at a part of the condensate drain port so that the lower condensate outlet port flows down. Can be prevented from being blocked by the condensate. This second fluid chamber is easily closed by closing the upper end and opening both side ends and the lower end, and using the opening at one side end as the gas inlet and the other opening as the condensate outlet. Can be formed.

In particular, the first fluid chamber is divided by two partition rods to form a liquid medium introduction path at the center and liquid medium evaporation paths at both sides,
Correspondingly, a condensate flow-down path is provided in the center of the second fluid chamber, and the condensate flow-out path of the condensate flow path is opened in the condensate flow-down path, whereby the condensate flow path can be formed shorter. Therefore, the influence of the liquid film of the condensate can be significantly reduced.

Further, the operation method of the condensing evaporator of the present invention is such that the amount of the condensing liquid discharged from the condensate reservoir provided below the condensing evaporator or the header connected to the lower part of the condensing evaporator is adjusted to control the second fluid chamber. By changing the amount of condensate, the heat transfer area can be controlled to adjust the evaporative condensation capacity, and a wide range of control can be performed by adding this method to the conventional control means.

Therefore, it is particularly suitable for a condenser / evaporator of a large-scale air liquefaction / separation device having a large amount of treatment, and it is possible to reduce the size of the entire device, reduce the operating power cost, and reduce the power consumption of the product.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a condensation evaporator according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an oxygen chamber portion of the condensation evaporator incorporated in a double rectification column, and FIG. The figure is also a sectional view showing a nitrogen chamber portion, FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the condensation evaporator of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows an oxygen chamber portion similarly to FIG. A sectional view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a nitrogen chamber portion, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are sectional views of a condensation evaporator of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an oxygen chamber portion similarly to FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a nitrogen chamber portion similarly, and FIGS. 7 to 9 are condensation of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of an evaporator, FIG. 7 is a sectional side view of a condensing evaporator, FIG. 8 is a sectional front view showing a liquid medium introducing chamber, and FIG. 9 is a sectional front view showing a liquid medium evaporating chamber. FIG. 10 is a sectional side view of a condensation evaporator showing a fifth embodiment of the condensation evaporator of the present invention, FIG. 11 and FIG.
FIG. 12 shows a conventional example, FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an oxygen chamber portion of a condenser evaporator incorporated in a double rectification column, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a nitrogen chamber portion of the same. 6 …… Upper tower, 13 …… Lower tower, 20,40,50,60,70 …… Condensation evaporator, 21,41 …… Oxygen chamber, 22,42,69 …… Nitrogen chamber, 23…
… Condensate reservoir, 25,66 …… Liquid medium reservoir, 26 …… Partition bar, 27 ……
Liquid medium introduction path, 28 ... Liquid medium evaporation path, 29 ... Communication path, 32 ...
Condensation flow path, 33 ... Condensate flow down path, 34 ... Gas inlet, 35
...... Condensate outlet, 36 ...... Drainer, 44 ...... Condensate outlet header, 51 ...... Oxygen header, 61 ...... Liquid medium introduction chamber, 62
…… Liquid medium evaporation chamber, 63 …… Communication pipe, 64 …… Partition plate, 65 ……
Heat transfer material, GN ... Nitrogen gas, GO ... Oxygen gas, LN ... Liquefied nitrogen, LO ... Liquefied oxygen

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-56-56592 (JP, A) JP-A-56-130201 (JP, A) JP-A-63-187085 (JP, A) JP-B-40- 18206 (JP, B1) JP-B 49-37627 (JP, B1) JP-B 4-14269 (JP, B2) JP-B 6-68434 (JP, B2) Actual JP-S 63-49676 (JP, Y2) Actual Public Sho 63-47831 (JP, Y2) Actual Public Sho 61-42072 (JP, Y2)

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of vertical partition plates alternately form a plurality of first fluid chambers and second fluid chambers, and a liquid medium in the first fluid chambers and a gas fluid in the second fluid chambers are formed. In a condensing evaporator performing heat exchange, a liquid medium reservoir is provided above the condensing evaporator, and a liquid medium introducing passage and a liquid medium evaporating passage are provided in the first fluid chamber, and the liquid medium introducing passage and the liquid medium introducing passage are provided. A condenser-evaporator, characterized in that the medium evaporation passage is communicated with the lower portion of the first fluid chamber, and the upper portions of both passages are communicated with the liquid medium reservoir. 2. A plurality of the first fluid chambers have a part thereof as a liquid medium introducing chamber serving as a liquid medium introducing passage and the remaining chambers serving as liquid medium vaporizing chambers serving as a liquid medium vaporizing passage, The condensing evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the lower end portions of both chambers are made to communicate with each other by a communication passage. 3. A plurality of vertical partition plates alternately form a plurality of first fluid chambers and second fluid chambers, and a liquid medium of the first fluid chambers and a gas fluid of the second fluid chambers are formed. In the condensing evaporator performing heat exchange, the second fluid chamber has at least one side end opened to form a gas inlet for introducing a gas fluid, and is horizontal from the gas inlet to the condensate outlet. A condensing evaporator having a condensing channel having a downward gradient with respect to the direction. 4. The second fluid chamber has an upper end portion closed and both side end portions or both side end portions and a lower end portion opened.
4. The condensing evaporator according to claim 3, wherein the opening at one side end is used as a gas inlet, and the opening at the other side or the side end and the lower end is used as a condensate outlet. 5. A plurality of vertical partition plates alternately form a plurality of first fluid chambers and second fluid chambers, and a liquid medium of the first fluid chambers and a gas fluid of the second fluid chambers are formed. In a condensing evaporator performing heat exchange, a liquid medium reservoir is provided above the condensing evaporator, and a liquid medium introducing passage and a liquid medium evaporating passage are provided in the first fluid chamber, and the liquid medium introducing passage and the liquid medium introducing passage are provided. The medium evaporation path is communicated with the lower part of the first fluid chamber, the upper parts of both paths are communicated with the liquid medium reservoir, and the first fluid chamber is arranged from the upper end to the vicinity of the lower end of the chamber. Both are formed by at least three channels in the width direction by two partition rods, the central channel serves as the liquid medium introducing passage, and the both lateral passages serve as the liquid medium vaporizing passage. The fluid chamber has at least one side end opened to form a gas introduction port for introducing a gas fluid. A condensing channel having a downward gradient with respect to the horizontal direction toward the condensate outlet is formed, and the second fluid chamber is opened at both widthwise end portions to serve as gas inlets, and the width of the second fluid chamber A condensate flow-down passage having a lower end opening corresponding to the liquid medium introduction passage of the first fluid chamber is provided at a central portion in the direction, and a condensate outlet of the condensation flow passage is opened in the condensate flow-down passage. Condensation evaporator characterized by. 6. A condensate that condenses in the second fluid chamber and flows down below the condensing evaporator in controlling the condensing and evaporating capacity of the condensing evaporator during operation of the condensing evaporator according to claim 1. A condensate reservoir for accumulating the condensate, and adjusting the amount of the condensate discharged from the condensate reservoir to change the amount of the lower part of the second fluid chamber immersed in the condensate. Method. 7. Instead of the condensate reservoir according to claim 6, a header for condensing the condensate condensed in the second fluid chamber and flowing down is continuously provided under the condensing evaporator, and is led out from the header. A method for operating a condensing evaporator, wherein the amount of condensate is adjusted to change the amount of condensate in the second fluid chamber.