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JPH0790167B2 - Carbon dioxide immobilization method - Google Patents
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JPH0790167B2 - Carbon dioxide immobilization method - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide immobilization method

Info

Publication number
JPH0790167B2
JPH0790167B2 JP2235754A JP23575490A JPH0790167B2 JP H0790167 B2 JPH0790167 B2 JP H0790167B2 JP 2235754 A JP2235754 A JP 2235754A JP 23575490 A JP23575490 A JP 23575490A JP H0790167 B2 JPH0790167 B2 JP H0790167B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hydrate
seawater
water
carbon dioxide
pipeline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP2235754A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH04118046A (en
Inventor
史雄 富川
正樹 飯島
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP2235754A priority Critical patent/JPH0790167B2/en
Priority to EP90250288A priority patent/EP0429154B1/en
Priority to CA002030391A priority patent/CA2030391C/en
Priority to DE69015326T priority patent/DE69015326T2/en
Priority to KR1019900018896A priority patent/KR930008446B1/en
Priority to US07/790,148 priority patent/US5304356A/en
Publication of JPH04118046A publication Critical patent/JPH04118046A/en
Priority to US08/028,602 priority patent/US5364611A/en
Publication of JPH0790167B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0790167B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141Feedstock
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

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  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は二酸化炭素(以下、CO2と記す)の固定化法に
関し、特に大気中のCO2による地球の温暖化等の環境破
壊を防止するためにCO2を固定化する方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a method for immobilizing carbon dioxide (hereinafter, referred to as CO 2 ), and particularly to prevent environmental destruction such as global warming due to atmospheric CO 2. To immobilize CO 2 in order to do so.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

発電所や一般産業用ボイラ等での化石燃料の燃焼によ
り、大気中のCO2濃度が増し、近年温室効果と呼ばれて
いる地球の温暖化現象が問題視されることとなった。こ
の大気中のCO2の濃度の増加を防止するためCO2を大気に
放出せずに投棄する方法、またはCO2を大気から回収し
た後投棄する方法として、下記の方法が報告されてい
る。
Combustion of fossil fuels in power plants, boilers for general industries, etc. has increased the concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere, and in recent years the global warming phenomenon called the greenhouse effect has become a problem. The method of the CO 2 in order to prevent an increase in the concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere dumping without release to the atmosphere or as a method of the CO 2 to dumping after recovering from the atmosphere, the following methods have been reported.

1)CO2を海水に溶解させ海洋に投棄する。CO2が溶解し
た海水は周囲の海水より比重が大きいため、海洋底へ沈
んでいく。
1) Dissolve CO 2 in seawater and dump it in the ocean. The seawater in which CO 2 is dissolved has a larger specific gravity than the surrounding seawater, so it sinks to the ocean floor.

2)液体CO2は深さ3,000m以上の深海における温度・圧
力下では周囲の海水よりも比重が大きいため、液体CO2
として深海3,000m以上のところに投棄する。
2) specific gravity than the surrounding seawater is large at a temperature and pressure in the liquid CO 2 is the depth 3,000m or more deep water, liquid CO 2
As a result, it will be dumped in the deep sea more than 3,000m.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

前項に挙げた従来の方法1)では、CO2を溶解した海水
は海洋での海水の流れにより広い範囲に拡散し、海洋生
物の生態系に影響を与えるおそれがある。また、従来の
方法2)では、CO2を液化するため地上の設備と動力を
必要とし、さらにその液体CO2を液体のまま輸送するた
めの保温設備や動力が必要である。
In the conventional method 1) mentioned in the previous section, seawater in which CO 2 is dissolved may spread over a wide area due to the flow of seawater in the ocean, and may affect the ecosystem of marine organisms. In addition, the conventional method 2) requires equipment and power on the ground to liquefy CO 2 , and further requires heat insulation equipment and power to transport the liquid CO 2 as a liquid.

以上の従来の技術水準に鑑み、本発明は燃焼排ガス中や
大気中から回収したCO2を海水中に広く拡散することな
く、安全に安定的にかつ、経済的にCO2を投棄し固定さ
せるための方法を提供しようとするものである。
In view of the conventional state of the art as described above, the present invention safely and stably and economically dumps and fixes CO 2 without widely diffusing CO 2 recovered from combustion exhaust gas or the atmosphere into seawater. It is meant to provide a way for.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means for Solving the Problems]

本発明は昇圧したパイプライン中のCO2に淡水または海
水を供給混合させ、その圧力に対するCO2ハイドレイト
生成条件を満たす温度の海中にパイプラインで導いて冷
却してCO2ハイドレイトを生成させ、CO2ハイドレイトが
安定な圧力と温度の条件下にある海水中に放出すること
を特徴とするCO2の固定化法である。
The present invention is a fresh or sea water is fed mixed with CO 2 in the pipeline boosted and cooled to guide the pipeline into the sea of CO 2 hydrate product satisfying temperature to produce a CO 2 hydrate for the pressure a method for immobilizing CO 2, characterized in that CO 2 hydrate will be released into the seawater in the conditions of stable pressure and temperature.

〔作用〕[Action]

第1表はCO2ハイドレイトの生成する水深と温度との関
係を示したものである。水深が深ければ圧力が高いの
で、それに対応する水温は高くてもCO2ハイドレイトを
生成することができる。
Table 1 shows the relationship between the depth of water produced by CO 2 hydrate and the temperature. The deeper the water is, the higher the pressure is, and therefore the CO 2 hydrate can be generated even if the corresponding water temperature is high.

次に、CO2ハイドレイトおよび海水の比重について説明
する。
Next, the specific gravity of CO 2 hydrate and seawater will be described.

CO2ハイドレイトの比重は1.129程度であり、温度や圧力
にほとんど影響されないことがわかっている。また、海
水の大気圧における比重は1.03程度であり、また水深が
増し、圧力が増しても、海水の比重の増加両は小さく、
CO2ハイドレイトの比重に対し無視できる。これにより
生成されたCO2ハイドレイトを海水中または淡水中に放
置すれば自然に沈下し、海洋であれば海底に堆積し、安
全かつ安定的にCO2を固定することができる。
The specific gravity of CO 2 hydrate is about 1.129, and it is known that it is hardly affected by temperature and pressure. Also, the specific gravity of seawater at atmospheric pressure is about 1.03, and even if the water depth increases and the pressure increases, the increase in specific gravity of seawater is small,
It can be ignored for the specific gravity of CO 2 hydrate. If the CO 2 hydrate thus generated is left in seawater or freshwater, it will sink naturally, and if it is an ocean, it will be deposited on the seabed and CO 2 can be fixed safely and stably.

CO2を昇圧し、CO2がCO2ハイドレイトが生成する圧力と
温度条件を満たす条件下で、海水あるいは淡水との混合
によりCO2ハイドレイトを生成させるのであるが、CO2
イドレイトは固形物であってパイプライン中が全てCO2
ハイドレイトになって固結し、それ以降の輸送を困難に
する場合には、CO2パイプラインへの海水又は淡水の供
給量を余裕をもって行い、生成するCO2ハイドレイトと
過剰の海水又は淡水とが混合状態(スラリー状)になる
ようにして、パイプライン中の輸送を容易にすればよ
い。またCO2ハイドレイトが生成する際、CO2ハイドレイ
トの生成時に発生する生成熱(CO2ハイドレイト1kg当り
80kcal)をパイプラインを介して放熱し、CO2ハイドレ
イトを生成させて海水中に放出させる。
Boosting the CO 2, at a pressure and temperature conditions are satisfied under the CO 2 is CO 2 hydrate is produced, but it is to produce an CO 2 hydrate by mixing with seawater or freshwater, CO 2 Hydrate solid CO 2 inside the pipeline
When it solidifies in a hydrate and makes it difficult to transport it after that, supply the seawater or freshwater to the CO 2 pipeline with a margin to generate the CO 2 hydrate and excess seawater or freshwater. And may be mixed (slurry) to facilitate transportation in the pipeline. Also, when CO 2 hydrate is generated, the heat of formation that is generated when CO 2 hydrate is generated (per 1 kg of CO 2 hydrate)
(80kcal) is radiated through a pipeline to generate CO 2 hydrate and release it into seawater.

CO2ハイドレイトは比重が1.129程度と海水や淡水の比重
に比べ大きいため水底に沈む。海洋中に放出する場合、
海域により違いはあるが、日本近海においては200〜500
mより深い海中において、CO2ハイドレイトは安定に存在
する圧力、温度条件を満たしている。
The specific gravity of CO 2 hydrate is about 1.129, which is larger than the specific gravity of seawater and freshwater and sinks to the bottom of the water. When released into the ocean,
Depending on the sea area, 200 to 500 in the sea near Japan
In the sea deeper than m, CO 2 hydrate satisfies the stable pressure and temperature conditions.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

本発明の一実施例を第1図によって説明する。例えば燃
焼排ガスより回収されたCO2はコンプレッサ1により加
圧され、冷却器2により冷却されて脱水器3でCO2に付
随する水分を凝縮除去する。水分を除去されたCO2はCO2
パイプライン4より海水中を海底に向って輸送され、そ
の間次第に低温になる海水により間接冷却される。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. For example, CO 2 recovered from the combustion exhaust gas is pressurized by the compressor 1, cooled by the cooler 2 and condensed by the dehydrator 3 to remove water associated with CO 2 . CO 2 from which water has been removed is CO 2
The seawater is transported from the pipeline 4 toward the seabed, and is indirectly cooled by the seawater whose temperature gradually decreases during that time.

一方、水ポンプ7で加圧された水も、CO2パイプライン
4に沿って敷設された水パイプライン5より、その周囲
の海水により冷却されながら輸送される。
On the other hand, the water pressurized by the water pump 7 is also transported from the water pipeline 5 laid along the CO 2 pipeline 4 while being cooled by the seawater around it.

CO2の圧力に対するCO2ハイドレイト生成条件の温度に達
したところで、水パイプライン5の水はCO2パイプライ
ン4に供給されてCO2と混合し、CO2ハイドレイト6が生
成される。
Upon reaching a temperature of CO 2 hydrate forming conditions for the pressure of CO 2, water in the water pipeline 5 is supplied to the CO 2 pipeline 4 is mixed with CO 2, CO 2 Hydrate 6 is generated.

また、海上の水ポンプ7や水パイプライン5を使用せず
に、水中ポンプ7′により周囲の冷たい海水をCO2パイ
プライン4に供給してもよい。
Further, instead of using the water pump 7 on the sea or the water pipeline 5, the ambient cold seawater may be supplied to the CO 2 pipeline 4 by the submersible pump 7 ′.

なお、CO2あるいは水(淡水、海水)が所定の温度に達
する前の位置で混合されたとしても、混合の状態で輸送
中にCO2パイプライン4周囲の海水により冷却され所定
の温度に達したところでCO2ハイドレイトが生成を開始
するので、水の供給位置には制限がない。
Even if CO 2 or water (fresh water, seawater) is mixed at a position before reaching a predetermined temperature, it will be cooled by the seawater around the CO 2 pipeline 4 to reach a predetermined temperature during transportation in a mixed state. Since CO 2 hydrate will start to be generated at that point, there are no restrictions on the water supply position.

更に又、生成されたCO2ハイドレイトは固体であり、CO2
ハイドレイトの生成が進むにつれ、CO2パイプライン4
が閉塞されてしまうおそれがあるが、水の供給量に充分
な余裕をもたせれば、CO2ハイドレイト生成完了後はCO2
ハイドレイトと水の混合状態、すなわちCO2ハイドレイ
トスラリー状態となり、CO2パイプライン4の閉塞は防
止できる。
Furthermore, the generated CO 2 hydrate is a solid, CO 2
CO 2 pipeline 4 as hydrate production progresses
Although but there is a possibility that the closed, if Motasere sufficient margin in the supply amount of water, CO 2 Hydrate After completion of generation CO 2
The mixed state of hydrate and water, that is, the state of CO 2 hydrate slurry, results in the prevention of blockage of the CO 2 pipeline 4.

CO2パイプライン4のCO2ハイドレイト生成区域の周囲の
海水圧力は小さくてもよいが、CO2ハイドレイト生成が
充分になされ、CO2ハイドレイト(又はCO2ハイドレイト
スラリー)をCO2パイプライン4より放出する時点で
は、CO2ハイドレイトが安定であるための圧力と温度を
満たす必要がある。そのような条件の海域までCO2パイ
プライン4は導かれ、CO2ハイドレイト(又はCO2ハイド
レイトスラリー)は放出される。放出されたCO2ハイド
レイトは海水よりも比重が大きいため沈下し海底に堆積
する。
The seawater pressure around the CO 2 hydrate producing area of the CO 2 pipeline 4 may be small, but the CO 2 hydrate production is sufficient and the CO 2 hydrate (or CO 2 hydrate slurry) is transferred to the CO 2 pipe. At the time of discharging from the line 4, it is necessary to satisfy the pressure and temperature for the CO 2 hydrate to be stable. The CO 2 pipeline 4 is guided to the sea area under such conditions, and CO 2 hydrate (or CO 2 hydrate slurry) is released. The released CO 2 hydrate has a larger specific gravity than seawater, so it sinks and accumulates on the seabed.

次に、本発明の実施例の具体的な数値例を示す。Next, specific numerical examples of the embodiment of the present invention will be shown.

CO2ハイドレイトは50ata、10.3℃で水(淡水)と混合さ
れCO2ハイドレイトを生成する。コンプレッサ1の圧力
を適当に選択すれば例えば深度500m、海水温度2℃の領
域でも十分CO2ハイドレイトを生成することができる。
CO 2 hydrate is mixed with water (fresh water) at 50ata and 10.3 ℃ to produce CO 2 hydrate. If the pressure of the compressor 1 is appropriately selected, sufficient CO 2 hydrate can be generated even in a region where the depth is 500 m and the seawater temperature is 2 ° C.

この深度500m,海水温度2℃の領域に輸送されたCO2に、
地上の水ポンプ9により水パイプライン5を介してまわ
りの海水により冷却輸送されてきた淡水を添加し、CO2
ハイドレイトに変換する。水の添加はこれに限るもので
はなく、海中の適宜位置に海水ポンプ9′を設置し、該
ポンプ9′より周囲の冷い海水を液化CO2に供給するこ
とも可能である。
For CO 2 transported to this depth of 500m and seawater temperature of 2 ℃,
Fresh water that has been cooled and transported by the surrounding seawater via the water pipeline 5 is added by the water pump 9 on the ground, and CO 2 is added.
Convert to hydrate. The addition of water is not limited to this, and it is also possible to install a seawater pump 9'at an appropriate position in the sea and supply cold seawater around the pump 9'to the liquefied CO 2 .

CO2ハイドレイトはCO21モルに対して平均7.3モルの水
と反応して1モルのCO2ハイドレイトが生成するが、50a
ta.ではCO2は水に10%程度溶解する。そのため、例えば
CO2ハイドレイト50トン/時、水50トン/時のCO2ハイド
レイトスラリーを生成するためには17.1トン/時のCO2
と82.9トン/時の水を反応させる必要がある。(17.1ト
ン/時のCO2のうち12.5トン/時のCO2がCO2ハイドレイ
トになり、残りのCO2は水に溶解する) 前述したように、CO2ハイドレイト生成時には生成熱(1
kgのCO2ハイドレイト当り80kcal)が発生するので、CO2
ハイドレイトスラリーを生成し海中に放出するために
は、この生成熱を放出させる必要がある。この生成熱の
放出はパイプラインを介して海水との間接冷却によって
行われるが、海水をCO2パイプラインに添加した個所か
ら、10インチ径のパイプラインで約10.4kmの長さのパイ
プライン(CO2パイプライン4の延長部分)が必要であ
る。パイプ径を大にすればパイプラインの長さを短くで
きることは云うまでもない。
CO 2 hydrate is CO 2 1 reacts with an average 7.3 moles of water per mole 1 mole of CO 2 but hydrate is produced, 50a
At ta., CO 2 dissolves in water about 10%. So, for example,
CO 2 hydrate 50 tons / hour, water 50 tons / hour CO 2 hydrate to produce CO 2 hydrate slurry 17.1 tons / hour CO 2
It is necessary to react with 82.9 tons / hour of water. (17.1 tons / CO 2 12.5 ton / time of the CO 2 in the case is the CO 2 hydrate, and the remaining CO 2 is dissolved in water) as described above, CO 2 Hydrate generating heat during generation (1
80 kg / kg of CO 2 hydrate is generated, so CO 2
In order to generate hydrate slurry and release it into the sea, it is necessary to release this heat of formation. This generated heat is released by indirect cooling with seawater through a pipeline, but from the point where seawater was added to the CO 2 pipeline, a 10-inch diameter pipeline with a length of 10.4 km ( An extension of CO 2 pipeline 4) is required. It goes without saying that the pipeline length can be shortened by increasing the pipe diameter.

このようにしてCO2ハイドレイト生成熱を除去されたCO2
ハイドレイトスラリー7は海中に安定して放出され、CO
2ハイドレイト8は海水の比重より重いので海底に沈降
する。
CO 2 which was thus removed of CO 2 hydrate generating heat
The hydrate slurry 7 is stably released into the sea, and CO
2 Hydrate 8 is heavier than the specific gravity of seawater and therefore sinks to the bottom of the sea.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

以上の説明したように、本発明のCO2を固定する方法
は、燃焼排ガス中や大気中のCO2を回収し、大気中のCO2
の増加を防止するにあたり、従来の方法である回収した
CO2を海水に溶解し、あるいは液体CO2として海洋に投棄
する方法に対し、海洋に拡散せずにCO2ハイドレイトと
して一定箇所に安定的に堆積しておくことができるた
め、海洋の生態系への影響を防止できる。
As the above description, a method of fixing the CO 2 of the present invention, the CO 2 in the combustion exhaust gas and the air were collected, CO 2 in the atmosphere
In order to prevent the increase of
Compared to the method of dissolving CO 2 in seawater or discarding it as liquid CO 2 into the ocean, it is possible to stably deposit CO 2 hydrate at a certain place without spreading it to the ocean. The influence on the system can be prevented.

また、CO2や水のCO2ハイドレイト生成温度への冷却や、
その生成熱の除去は海洋中の海水の冷熱を使用するた
め、省エネルギーのCO2固定化方法でもある。
In addition, cooling to CO 2 hydrate formation temperature of CO 2 and water,
Since the generated heat is removed by using the cold heat of seawater in the ocean, it is also an energy-saving CO 2 fixation method.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例の説明図である。 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】昇圧したパイプライン中の二酸化炭素に海
水又は淡水を供給混合させ、その圧力に対する二酸化炭
素ハイドレイト生成条件を満たす温度の海中にパイプラ
インで導いて冷却して二酸化炭素ハイドレイトを生成さ
せ、二酸化炭素ハイドレイトが安定な圧力と温度の条件
下にある海水中に放出することを特徴とする二酸化炭素
の固定化法。
1. A carbon dioxide hydrate is produced by supplying and mixing carbon dioxide in a pressurized pipeline with seawater or fresh water, and introducing the mixture into the sea at a temperature satisfying a carbon dioxide hydrate formation condition against the pressure to cool the carbon dioxide hydrate. A method for immobilizing carbon dioxide, characterized in that carbon dioxide hydrate is produced and released into seawater under conditions of stable pressure and temperature.
JP2235754A 1989-11-21 1990-09-07 Carbon dioxide immobilization method Expired - Lifetime JPH0790167B2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2235754A JPH0790167B2 (en) 1990-09-07 1990-09-07 Carbon dioxide immobilization method
EP90250288A EP0429154B1 (en) 1989-11-21 1990-11-20 Method for the fixation of carbon dioxide and apparatus for the treatment of carbon dioxide
CA002030391A CA2030391C (en) 1989-11-21 1990-11-20 Method for the fixation of carbon dioxide, apparatus for fixing and disposing carbon dioxide, and apparatus for the treatment of carbon dioxide
DE69015326T DE69015326T2 (en) 1989-11-21 1990-11-20 Method for fixing carbon dioxide and device for treating carbon dioxide.
KR1019900018896A KR930008446B1 (en) 1989-11-21 1990-11-21 Method of fixing carbon dioxide and apparatus for dumping carbon dioxide and apparatus for treating carbon dioxide
US07/790,148 US5304356A (en) 1989-11-21 1991-11-08 Method for the fixation of carbon dioxide, apparatus for fixing and disposing carbon dioxide, and apparatus for the treatment of carbon dioxide
US08/028,602 US5364611A (en) 1989-11-21 1993-03-08 Method for the fixation of carbon dioxide

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2235754A JPH0790167B2 (en) 1990-09-07 1990-09-07 Carbon dioxide immobilization method

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JPH04118046A JPH04118046A (en) 1992-04-20
JPH0790167B2 true JPH0790167B2 (en) 1995-10-04

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EP2397212B1 (en) * 2010-06-15 2014-05-21 Astrium GmbH Method for regenerating an adsorber or absorber
US10759697B1 (en) 2019-06-11 2020-09-01 MSB Global, Inc. Curable formulations for structural and non-structural applications
WO2024159114A1 (en) * 2023-01-27 2024-08-02 Partanna Global, Inc. Use of brine and natural pozzolans in a method of making compositions to promote marine-life

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