JPH079108B2 - Snow melting roofing material - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a roof material capable of melting snow accumulated on a roof.

[Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Conventionally, it has been necessary to remove snow in a snowy country, and it has been a labor-intensive and dangerous task because it is manually performed. Therefore, the present invention provides a roof material that can be heated to naturally melt snow.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

For this reason, the present invention applies the first conductive layer to the lower surface of the insulating roof material, arranges the electric wire on the surface of the first conductive layer, and the second conductive layer whose resistance value is lower than that of the first conductive layer. The layer surface is coated and the second conductive layer surface is further coated with an insulating layer.The first conductive layer is a paste obtained by kneading a metal oxide powder and a graphite powder with a solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component. The second conductive layer is formed by coating and drying, and the second conductive layer is formed by coating and drying a paste obtained by kneading an alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material, a metal oxide powder, and a graphite powder with a solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component. Is formed by applying and drying a paste prepared by kneading an alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material with a solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component. (A) Here, the reason why the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer having a resistance value lower than that of the first conductive layer are applied is because the conductive layers are made into a semiconductor to generate heat by the energization of the intervening electric wire, and thus the low resistance value is obtained. This is because the second conductive layer is used at a low voltage and current, and the first conductive layer having a resistance value larger than that of the second conductive layer increases heat transfer to the roof material adhered thereto. (B) The first conductive layer is formed by applying and drying a paste prepared by kneading a metal oxide powder and a graphite powder with a solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component, and applying the paste to a roof material. It has excellent adhesion and is difficult to peel off. In the first conductive layer, the blending amount is 30 to 45% by weight of metal oxide powder such as copper and iron, 20 to 30% by weight of graphite powder, and 30 to 40% by weight of a solvent solution containing sodium silicate as a main component. Is suitable, and a material having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of the roof material is desirable. In the second conductive layer, alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material 10 to 20 wt% such as feldspar and alumina, metal oxide powder 10 to 20 wt% such as copper and manganese, and graphite powder 30 to 60 wt%,
It is suitable to use a solvent solution containing sodium silicate as a main component in an amount of 15 to 40% by weight. (C) The reason why the conductive layer surface is coated with an insulating layer is to protect the conductive layer surface and to prevent electric leakage. The solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component is used in an amount of 30 to 40% by weight of an alcal metal silicate inorganic substance. Appropriately, it is formed by coating and drying a paste prepared by kneading 60 to 70% by weight of the powder raw material. If necessary, a silicon liquid may be mixed in an amount of about 10 to 15% to enhance the insulating property and form an insulating layer having an excellent water absorption preventing effect. (D) Furthermore, if necessary, an emulsion such as vinyl chloride may be applied to the surface of the insulating layer to protect the laminated portion with an organic film material.

[Work]

When the electric wire is energized, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer made of a ceramic material generate heat to generate semiconductors, and the temperature of the roofing material transfers to 30 to 60 ° C., thereby melting the accumulated snow. At this time, since the ceramic insulating layer covers the conductive layer, no leakage occurs. In addition, since each layer is formed by applying the paste, the adhesion with the roof material becomes good.

【Example】

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be described with reference to illustrated embodiments. In the snow melting roof tile of this example shown in FIG. 1, the first conductive layer 1 is applied to the lower surface (back surface) of the roof tile K, the electric wire S is arranged on the first conductive layer surface 1a, and the resistance value is the first conductive layer. The lower second conductive layer 2 is coated and applied to the first conductive layer 1a, then the second conductive layer surface 2a is coated with the insulating layer 3, and the insulating layer 3 is further coated with the organic film material 4 ( (See FIG. 2). The first conductive layer contains copper powder 18% (hereinafter, weight%), manganese powder 5%, iron powder 12%, barium powder 5%, titanium powder 4%, graphite powder 26%, and sodium silicate. A paste formed by kneading with a solvent solution of 30% as a main component is applied to a roof tile K and hardened by drying with hot air at about 50 to 300 ° C. as shown in FIG. The resistance value is 20 ohms and the thickness is about 0.3 mm. Then, an electric wire S of 1.5 mm copper wire is provided on both ends of the first conductive layer surface 1a.
Is arranged and the terminal connector Sa is connected to the end portion (see FIG. 4). Also, the second conductive layer is feldspar powder 5%, magnesia powder 2%,
Alumina powder 2%, sodium silicofluoride powder 3%, barium powder 1%, hosan powder 0.4%, sodium powder 1%, titanium powder 1%, copper powder 4%, manganese powder 4%, zinc white powder 1%, graphite 57% powder and solvent solution containing sodium silicate as the main component 18.6
%, The paste formed by kneading is applied to the first conductive layer surface 1a and cured by hot air drying. The resistance value is 5 ohms and the thickness is about 0.3 mm. And alumina powder 21%, magnesium powder 8.5%, calcium carbonate powder 2.6%, silicon powder 11%, kaolin powder 2.6%, Amakusa 2.6%, potassium silicofluoride powder 4%, silicon powder 13%, zinc flour 0.3% , Hosan 0.2% and a solvent solution containing sodium silicate as a main component 34.2% are kneaded, and the paste is applied to the second conductive layer surface 2a as shown in FIG. The insulating layer 3 having a thickness of 0.5 mm is formed. Furthermore, in this example, an emulsion such as vinyl chloride is applied to the insulating layer surface 3a, and the laminated portion is protected and covered with the organic film material 4. As shown in FIG. 7, the roof tiles of this example thus formed are regularly scattered on the roof, and are arranged on the insulating glass wool board E on the roof board as shown in FIG. It is used by wiring the power supply. According to this example, the first conductive layer 1 and the second conductive layer 2 made of a ceramic raw material generate heat by energization due to a difference in resistance value, and the temperature of the roof tile is transferred to 30 to 60 ° C. It melts snow. Since the heat generated by the roof tiles does not transfer to the adjacent roof tiles, only the portion where the roof tiles are located melts snow intermittently. However, the propagation of snowmelt enables the entire snowmelt to be achieved. It should be noted that since the high-grade ceramic insulating layer 3 made of an alkali metal silicate inorganic material covers the conductive layer, it is safe without electric leakage, and since the insulating layer 3 is also protected by the organic film material 4, it is durable. It excels. According to the temperature rise experiment of Ibushi tile, the outside air temperature is about 23 ℃, the voltage is about
The surface temperature of the roof tile is 53-65 ℃, and the heat transfer temperature of the insulating glass worm plate E is about 22V at a current of 0.01-0.05A.
It was 40 ° C. It should be noted that, when the first conductive layer 1 was applied, the heat generation was 60 ° C and 1 ampere was 58 ° C. However, the application of the second conductive layer 2 was 22 V and the heat generation was 62 ° C at 0.1 or less amperes. It became. In addition, in the case of the clay tile 49 type according to Japanese Industrial Standard, 49 tiles per 3.3 m ² are used, and the snow melting tile of this example is used by placing two tiles in a row and one row as shown in FIG. In this case, 12 sheets are required, and 360 snow melting roof tiles are required at 100 m ² . To obtain the surface temperature of this snow melting roof tile at about 50 ℃, 0.03 at about 20V
It requires amperage power consumption, which is 360 x 20 x 0.03 = approx. 20 amps of contracted power consumption, and low power consumption is sufficient. Since the glaze roof tile has low electrical conductivity, a slightly higher voltage and current were required than in the case of the smoked roof tile. As described above, according to this example, the second conductive layer 2 having a low resistance value can be used with low power consumption, and can be installed inexpensively and safely. Although this example is configured as described above, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the raw material for the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer or the insulating layer is not limited to metal oxide powder or alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material, and the compounding amount thereof is not limited. Further, the material of the organic film material adhered to the insulating layer is also arbitrary. Furthermore, the shape and material of the roofing material are appropriate, and other than roof tiles, slate plates or the like may be used. When used as roof tiles, the type of roof tiles is not limited, and smoldering roof tiles or glaze roof tiles may be used. The snow melting roof material may be arranged on the entire surface of the roof material regardless of the arrangement state.

【The invention's effect】

According to the present invention, the snow melting roof material can be heated to the snow melting temperature with low power consumption, and since the adhesion with the roof material is improved because the conductive layer and the insulating layer are formed by applying the paste, the durability is excellent. is there. According to the second aspect of the present invention, excellent conductive layers and insulating layers can be obtained. According to the third aspect, the conductive layer and the insulating layer can be further protected and the durability can be further improved. According to the fourth aspect, it can be used for a Japanese-style roof without impairing the appearance.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a back side perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 6 show the manufacturing process thereof. Is a backside plan view with the first conductive layer applied, FIG. 4 is a backside plan view with electric wires arranged, FIG. 5 is a backside plan view with the second conductive layer applied, and FIG. 6 is an insulating layer FIG. 7 is a partial plan view of a snow-disposed roof tile in a roof arrangement state, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of its main part. 1: first conductive layer, 1a: first conductive layer surface, 2: second conductive layer, 2a: second conductive layer surface, 3: insulating layer, 3a: insulating layer surface, 4: organic film material, K: roof tile, S: Electrical wire.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A first conductive layer 1 is coated on the lower surface of an insulating roof material, an electric wire S is arranged on the first conductive layer surface 1a, and a second conductive layer 2 having a resistance value lower than that of the first conductive layer is formed. The first conductive layer surface is coated and the second conductive layer surface 2a is further coated with an insulating layer 3. The first conductive layer 1 is a solvent solution containing sodium silicate as a main component and is a metal oxide powder and a graphite powder. The second conductive layer 2 is formed by applying and drying a paste in which the alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material, metal oxide powder, and graphite powder are kneaded with a solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component. The snow-melting roof material, which is formed by drying, and the insulating layer 3 is formed by applying and drying a paste prepared by kneading an alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material with a solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component. 2. The first conductive layer 1 comprises a solvent solution containing sodium silicate as a main component in an amount of 30 to 40% by weight and a metal oxide powder in an amount of 30 to 45% by weight.
Alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material 10 is formed by applying and drying a paste in which 20% to 30% by weight of graphite powder is kneaded, and the second conductive layer 2 is a solvent solution containing sodium silicate as a main component in an amount of 15 to 40% by weight. ˜20% by weight, 10 to 20% by weight of metal oxide powder and 30 to 60% by weight of graphite powder are applied and dried to form the insulating layer 3, and the insulating layer 3 is a solvent liquid containing sodium silicate as a main component. The snow melting roof material according to claim 1, wherein the snow melting roof material is formed by applying and drying a paste prepared by kneading 60% by weight of an alkali metal silicate inorganic powder raw material at a weight%. 3. The snow melting roof material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the insulating layer 3 covering the conductive layer surface is further coated with an organic film material 4 such as vinyl chloride by coating. 4. The snow melting roof material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the roof material is a roof tile.