JPH0791144B2 - Liquid propellant mixed with surfactant - Google Patents
Liquid propellant mixed with surfactantInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0791144B2 JPH0791144B2 JP27782293A JP27782293A JPH0791144B2 JP H0791144 B2 JPH0791144 B2 JP H0791144B2 JP 27782293 A JP27782293 A JP 27782293A JP 27782293 A JP27782293 A JP 27782293A JP H0791144 B2 JPH0791144 B2 JP H0791144B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- surfactant
- liquid propellant
- weight
- added
- propellant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- -1 alkyl ether sulfate ester salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- CRJZNQFRBUFHTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxylammonium nitrate Chemical compound O[NH3+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O CRJZNQFRBUFHTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VMPIHZLTNJDKEN-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethanolammonium nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.OCC[NH+](CCO)CCO VMPIHZLTNJDKEN-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- MGDNLGRMXPBCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium;dodecanoate Chemical compound OCCNCCO.CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O MGDNLGRMXPBCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- LZJIBRSVPKKOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethanolammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH3+]CCO.[O-][N+]([O-])=O LZJIBRSVPKKOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/08—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、液体発射薬砲に使用す
る界面活性剤混入型液体発射薬に関し、さらに詳しく
は、表面張力を減少すべく改良された界面活性剤混入型
液体発射薬に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surfactant-containing liquid propellant for use in a liquid propellant gun, and more particularly to a surfactant-containing liquid propellant improved to reduce surface tension. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】現在、使用されている液体発射薬は、そ
の運用方式から、一液性発射薬と二液性発射薬が主流と
なっている。而して、脂肪族アミン類とその硝酸塩につ
いて広範な研究が行われ、特に酸化剤としてヒドロキシ
ルアンモニウムナイトレートを用いる硝酸塩系含水一液
性発射薬が開発され、燃料としてトリエタノールアンモ
ニウムナイトレートを用いた代表的なものとして「ＬＧ
Ｐ１８４５」がある。2. Description of the Related Art At present, the liquid propellants currently used are mainly one-component propellants and two-propellant propellants because of their operating system. Extensive research has been conducted on aliphatic amines and their nitrates, and in particular, a nitrate-based hydrous one-part propellant has been developed which uses hydroxylammonium nitrate as an oxidizer, and triethanolammonium nitrate is used as a fuel. "LG
P1845 ”is available.
【０００３】ＬＧＰ１８４５の組成及び２０℃における
比重、粘度、表面張力を表１に示す。なお、表中の「Ｈ
ＡＮ」はヒドロキシルアンモニウムナイトレートを示
し、また、「ＴＥＡＮ」はエタノールアンモニウムナイ
トレートを示す。Table 1 shows the composition of LGP1845 and the specific gravity, viscosity and surface tension at 20 ° C. In addition, "H in the table
"AN" indicates hydroxylammonium nitrate and "TEAN" indicates ethanolammonium nitrate.
【０００４】[0004]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ＬＧＰ１８４５の表面
張力は、水の場合に比較して約１０％大である。液体発
射薬の噴霧による微粒子化には、表面張力が大いに影響
し、表面張力が大なる場合には、微粒子化が進行せず適
当でない。本発明はかかる実状に鑑みて、その熱安定性
に変化を与えないで、表面張力を低下させた液体発射薬
を提供することを目的とするものである。The surface tension of LGP1845 is about 10% higher than that of water. The surface tension greatly affects the atomization of the liquid propellant by spraying, and when the surface tension is large, the atomization does not proceed, which is not suitable. In view of such circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid propellant having a reduced surface tension without changing its thermal stability.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記の要
望を満足させる液体発射薬について、長期にわたり研究
検討を重ねた結果、界面活性剤を添加した液体発射薬が
従来の問題点を解消できるという知見を得て本発明に至
りたるものである。本発明は、 ａ．ヒドロキシルアンモニウムナイトレート６０〜７０
重量％、トリエタノールアンモニウムナイトレート１０
〜２０重量％及び水１５〜２０重量％を含有してなる液
体発射薬において、 ｂ．該発射薬に、界面活性剤を０．０２〜２重量％含有
せしめてなる ｃ．界面活性剤混入型液体発射薬 をその要旨として成立するものである。界面活性剤は、
アルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、アルファオレフィン
スルホン酸塩、アルキルアミンオキシド、アルキルベン
ゼンスルホン酸塩、脂肪酸アルカノールアミド及びオキ
シエチレンアルキルアミンからなる群から選ばれる１種
又は２種以上が好ましい。その添加量は０．０２〜２重
量％が好適である。なお、界面活性剤を２重量％超えて
添加した場合には火薬力を低下させて適当でない。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inventors of the present invention have conducted long-term research and studies on liquid propellants that satisfy the above-mentioned needs, and as a result, liquid propellants containing a surfactant have been found to have the conventional problems. The present invention has been achieved by finding that it can be solved. The present invention comprises: a. Hydroxyl ammonium nitrate 60-70
Wt%, triethanol ammonium nitrate 10
A liquid propellant comprising -20% by weight and 15-20% by weight of water, b. The propellant contains 0.02 to 2% by weight of a surfactant c. A liquid propellant mixed with a surfactant is established as its gist. The surfactant is
One or more selected from the group consisting of alkyl ether sulfate ester salt, alpha olefin sulfonate, alkylamine oxide, alkylbenzene sulfonate, fatty acid alkanolamide and oxyethylene alkylamine are preferable. The addition amount is preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight. If the surface active agent is added in an amount of more than 2% by weight, the explosive power will be lowered and it is not suitable.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】ＬＧＰ１８４５に、各種の界面活性剤２重量
％添加した試料の表面張力（ｄｙｎ／ｃｍ）の測定値は
表２に示される。EXAMPLES Table 2 shows the measured values of the surface tension (dyn / cm) of a sample in which 2% by weight of various surfactants were added to LGP1845.
【０００８】[0008]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【０００９】表２に示す如く、界面活性剤を２％加えた
試料の表面張力は、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリ
ウム、ラウリン酸ジエタノールアミン、オキシエチレン
ドデシルアミンのいずれの界面活性剤を加えた場合も３
０ｄｙｎ／ｃｍ前後である。この結果からＬＧＰ１８４
５に一般の界面活性剤を添加した場合にはその表面張力
は界面活性剤を添加しないときに比べ１／２以下にな
る。As shown in Table 2, the surface tension of the sample containing 2% of the surfactant was 3 when the surfactants of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, diethanolamine laurate and oxyethylenedodecylamine were added.
It is around 0 dyn / cm. From this result, LGP184
When a general surfactant is added to No. 5, its surface tension becomes 1/2 or less as compared with the case where no surfactant is added.
【００１０】ステンレス鋼製耐圧セルを用いて示差走査
熱量測定をＬＧＰ１８４５とＬＧＰ１８４５にドデシル
ベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムを２％添加した試料およ
びＬＧＰ１８４５にラウリン酸ジエタノールアミンを２
％添加した試料の計３種類について行った結果、ＬＧＰ
１８４５に関しては１５２℃において発熱ピークが現れ
る。また、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムを添
加したものについては１４８℃において、ラウリン酸ジ
エタノールアミンを添加したものについては１４４℃に
おいて、発熱ピークが現れる。発熱量に関してはＬＧＰ
１８４５が１７０９ｊ／ｇ、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン
酸ナトリウムを添加した試料が１９１９ｊ／ｇ、ラウリ
ン酸ジエタノールアミンを添加した試料が１６９３ｊ／
ｇである。従って、界面活性剤を添加したことにより、
熱安定性に影響を与えない。Differential scanning calorimetry was carried out using a stainless steel pressure cell and LGP1845 and a sample in which 2% of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to LGP1845 and LGP1845 to which diethanolamine laurate was added.
As a result of carrying out a total of three kinds of samples with% added, LGP
For 1845, an exothermic peak appears at 152 ° C. Further, an exothermic peak appears at 148 ° C. for the one to which sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added and at 144 ° C. for the one to which diethanolamine laurate was added. LGP for calorific value
1845 was 1709 j / g, 1919 j / g was the sample to which sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added, and 1693 j / g was the sample to which diethanolamine laurate was added.
It is g. Therefore, by adding a surfactant,
Does not affect thermal stability.
【００１１】ＬＧＰ１８４５のＤＳＣ曲線とドデシルベ
ンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムおよびラウリン酸ジエタノ
ールアミンを添加した試料のＤＳＣ曲線を比べた場合、
界面活性剤を添加したことにより、発熱ピーク温度およ
び発熱量はほとんど影響を受けていない。また、この試
験で使用したステンレス鋼製耐圧セルの内部における最
大圧力は、約５０気圧である。したがって、セルの内部
における液体発射薬の沸点は分解温度（約１５０℃）以
上であり、試料は液体状態で分解したものと考えられ
る。この試験によっても、界面活性剤による熱安定性の
阻害がなかったことが明らかである。When the DSC curve of LGP1845 and the DSC curve of the sample to which sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and diethanolamine laurate were added were compared,
The exothermic peak temperature and exothermic amount are hardly affected by the addition of the surfactant. Also, the maximum pressure inside the stainless steel pressure cell used in this test is about 50 atm. Therefore, the boiling point of the liquid propellant inside the cell is equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature (about 150 ° C.), and it is considered that the sample decomposed in the liquid state. This test also reveals that there was no inhibition of thermal stability by the surfactant.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】一般に、液体をノズルから噴射する際の
微粒化は、ウェーバー数ρｕ2 ｄ／２σ（但しρは液体
の密度、ｕは速度、ｄはノズル径、σは表面張力）によ
り定まる。いま、ρ，ｕ，ｄを一定にすれば、表面張力
の減少は、ウェーバー数を大にし、微粒化が促進する。
本発明を用いることにより、微粒化が促進され、その結
果燃焼安定性及び燃焼効率が共に増大し、燃焼室の小型
化も可能となる。また、燃料液圧も低下できることとな
り、燃料タンクの軽量化、安全性の向上に寄与すること
となり、極めて有用な発明である。In general, atomization when a liquid is jetted from a nozzle is determined by the Weber number ρu 2 d / 2σ (where ρ is the density of the liquid, u is the velocity, d is the nozzle diameter, and σ is the surface tension). . Now, if ρ, u, and d are made constant, the decrease in surface tension increases the Weber number and promotes atomization.
By using the present invention, atomization is promoted, as a result, combustion stability and combustion efficiency are both increased, and the combustion chamber can be made smaller. Further, the fuel liquid pressure can be reduced, which contributes to weight saving of the fuel tank and improvement of safety, which is an extremely useful invention.
Claims (2)
６０〜７０重量％、トリエタノールアンモニウムナイト
レート１０〜２０重量％及び水１５〜２０重量％を含有
してなる液体発射薬において、該発射薬に、界面活性剤
を０．０２〜２重量％含有せしめてなる界面活性剤混入
型液体発射薬。1. A liquid propellant comprising 60 to 70% by weight of hydroxylammonium nitrate, 10 to 20% by weight of triethanolammonium nitrate and 15 to 20% by weight of water, the propellant being a surfactant. 0.02 to 2% by weight of a surfactant-containing liquid propellant.
ステル塩、アルファオレフィンスルホン酸塩、アルキル
アミンオキシド、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、脂肪
酸アルカノールアミド及びオキシエチレンアルキルアミ
ンからなる群から選ばれる１種又は２種以上である請求
項１に記載の界面活性剤混入型液体発射薬。2. The surfactant is one or two selected from the group consisting of alkyl ether sulfate ester salt, alpha olefin sulfonate, alkylamine oxide, alkylbenzene sulfonate, fatty acid alkanolamide and oxyethylene alkylamine. The surfactant-containing liquid propellant according to claim 1, which is as described above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27782293A JPH0791144B2 (en) | 1993-10-08 | 1993-10-08 | Liquid propellant mixed with surfactant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27782293A JPH0791144B2 (en) | 1993-10-08 | 1993-10-08 | Liquid propellant mixed with surfactant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07109194A JPH07109194A (en) | 1995-04-25 |
| JPH0791144B2 true JPH0791144B2 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
Family
ID=17588748
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27782293A Expired - Lifetime JPH0791144B2 (en) | 1993-10-08 | 1993-10-08 | Liquid propellant mixed with surfactant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0791144B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006126397A1 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-11-30 | National University Corporation Kyushu Institute Of Technology | Two-liquid type liquid propellant, method of propelling flight vehicle and propelling machinery |
| CN115677877B (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-09-12 | 石家庄鸿泰橡胶有限公司 | Composite emulsifier for carboxylated nitrile latex, preparation method and application |
-
1993
- 1993-10-08 JP JP27782293A patent/JPH0791144B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07109194A (en) | 1995-04-25 |
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