JPH0791863B2 - Wooden frame structure of building - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wooden frame structure of a building and a hollow structural material used for this wooden frame structure, and particularly to a farmer or a townhouse larger than an ordinary prefabricated house. The present invention relates to a wooden frame structure and a hollow structural material suitable for a wind building.

[Conventional technology]

In the frame structure of a conventional wooden prefabricated house, it is common to connect one beam to one square timber of a predetermined thickness using a pattern connection or hail. On this occasion,
Even if a thick bar is used as a square pole, the maximum length is 7 inches, and a thick pole such as a stile angle used for private houses such as old farmhouses and townhouses is not used. This is because the number of thick trees themselves has decreased with the development of forests in recent years, and it is difficult to dry thick wood, and even if it is dried, a very long period of time is required and it becomes extremely expensive.

On the other hand, if it is not dried sufficiently, the pillars and the like after construction will be cracked or warped, which will be inconvenient for the function of the building.

In order to improve such a defect, a method of using a laminated material formed by stacking and fixing a plurality of dry materials having a predetermined cross-sectional shape called 2 × 4 has been developed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in such laminated wood, since plates having the same cross-sectional shape are simply stacked and adhered to each other, a solid pillar cannot be formed and a large pillar or the like cannot be formed. In addition to the large size, there is a problem that it is extremely difficult to form a handle hole when connecting the columns and the like.

By the way, as for the laminated hollow material,
Although there is one described in No. 9, this is a material that is made by using a material with a pentagonal cross section so that the raw wood can be used by dividing it into so-called mandarin trees, with the slope forming one side of the pentagon inside, This does not effectively utilize the hollow portion for assembling the material, but rather uses the end face closed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a wooden frame structure of a building that can include a structural material having a large cross section and can be easily framed, and a hollow structural material used for the wooden frame structure.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the frame structure of the present invention, a plurality of dried thin wooden unit materials having a substantially rectangular cross-section and the same cross-sectional dimension are provided with a space for at least one of the wooden unit materials inside, and are bundled by bonding a plurality of them. To form a hollow structure material having a hollow cross section such as a square shape, a rectangular shape, a day shape, and a mark shape, and a part of the hollow structure material is communicated with at least the hollow portion, and the width of the wooden unit material and A notch having a size that is an integral multiple of the height dimension, and utilizing this notch, a wooden frame structure of a building constructed by sequentially connecting and fixing other hollow structural members having the same structure as the hollow structural member. .

In the present invention, it is preferable that the hollow structural members are connected to each other through a connecting member, which is said to be made of wood, a metal material, or another material, which is inserted into a hollow portion or a cutout portion of the hollow structural material.

The hollow structural material of the present invention is constituted by adhering a plurality of thin wood unit materials having a substantially rectangular cross section having a thickness such that thinned wood can be used, for example, 6 cm square and 4.5 cm square by adhesion. Has been done.

[Action]

In the present invention, in order to form a predetermined building, a pillar is formed by using a hollow structural material having a predetermined thickness, and a beam also made of the hollow structural material is horizontally connected to the pillar. In addition, when the building is tall in the height direction, such as the second floor or the third floor, a pillar structure that is commensurate with the height of the building by connecting a pillar made of a hollow structural material to the through pillar or the upper end of the pillar is used. Constitute. When the upper and lower pillars have the same thickness, the pillars may be connected and fixed to each other via connecting members that enter the hollow portions of these pillars. In the case of thinning the pillar, the thin pillar may be thick enough to fit into the hollow portion of the thick lower pillar, and the upper pillar may be directly inserted and fixed in the hollow portion of the lower pillar.

When connecting the pillar and the beam, if the thickness of the pillar is large enough to allow the beam to penetrate the pillar, insert the beam itself through the pillar and fix it with connecting bolts or other appropriate means. Alternatively, if the beam is relatively thick compared to the thickness of the column and the beam cannot penetrate the column due to its strength, use the hollow part of the beam inside the hollow part of the beam. It is also possible to use a connecting member that can be inserted into the column and to penetrate this connecting member into the pillar, and insert and fix the hollow portions of the beams respectively adjacent to both ends projecting from the pillar of the connecting member to connect.

Furthermore, in the case of a so-called four-way connection in which four beams are connected to the pillar in a direction orthogonal to each other, the connecting member is passed through the pillar in the cross direction to perform the connection. It has notches that can be engaged with each other, and the connecting member penetrates through the notch in the orthogonal direction, and after this penetrating, the connecting members slide in the axial direction of the pillars, and the connecting members engage with each other in a crossing state. Then, the hollow portions of the beams, which are respectively adjacent to the protrusions from the pillars of both the connecting members, may be inserted and fixed.

In addition, the columns and the beams are appropriately connected depending on the shape of the connecting portion. Further, the connecting portion is also fixed by using an appropriate means such as a bolt, an adhesive, and a wedge.

〔Example〕

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 (A) to (F) show examples of hollow structural materials used in the present invention. (A) shows a hollow structural material 10 having the smallest cross-sectional shape.
For example, eight elongated 6 cm-square wooden unit materials 1 are bundled to form a square section, and a hollow portion 10A having the same size as the unit material 1 is provided at the center thereof. In (B),
A hollow structural member 11 is shown which is larger than (A) and has a size of 5 unit materials 1 each forming one side.
Inside the hollow structural member 11, there is formed a hollow portion 11A into which the hollow structural member 10 shown in FIG. In (C), there are four unit materials that make up the short side,
A hollow structural member 12 having a rectangular cross section with six unit raw materials 1 constituting the long side is shown, and at the center of the hollow structural member 12, the unit raw material 1 is the same as two short sides and four long sides. A hollow portion 12A having a size is formed. (D) shows a hollow structural member 13 formed in a V-shaped cross section by arranging the central unit material 1 in the hollow portion 11A of the hollow structural member 11 shown in (B). Inside the structural material 13, a hollow portion 13A is formed at two locations. (E) shows a hollow structural member 14 having a V-shaped cross section, and this hollow structural member 14 has three hollow portions 14A inside. In (F), the above (B)
A hollow structural material 15 having the same structure as that of the hollow structural material 10 shown in (A) is fitted inside the hollow structural material 11 shown in FIG. A central portion 15A having the same size as that of the unit material 1 is formed in the central portion of each of the constituent unit materials 1. At this time, (D),
Since the structural members 13, 14, 15 shown in (E) and (F) also have the unit material 1 inside, the structural members are reinforced.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a wooden frame structure of a building using various hollow structural materials shown in FIG. 1 and hollow structural materials of other shapes.

In FIG. 2, the first pillar 21 forming the lower part of the so-called Daikoku pillar, which is the center of the building, is made of the same structural material as the hollow structural material 11 shown in FIG. 1 (B). If the unit material 1 is a 6 cm square, the column 21 is a 30 cm square column, which is a so-called square shank. A hollow portion 21A is formed in the central portion of the first pillar 21 in the axial direction over the entire length thereof, and a cutout hole 21B cut out in the front-rear direction in the drawing so as to communicate with the hollow portion 21A in the upper portion thereof. And a cutout hole 21C which is cut out in the left-right direction in the drawing and has a shape smaller than the cutout hole 21B.

A first beam 23 is inserted into the cutout hole 21B of the first column 21 so as to fit exactly into the cutout hole 21B.
23 is a flat hollow structural material in which the unit material 1 has short sides 3 and long sides 8, for example, and has a hollow portion 23A inside. Further, in the portion of the first beam 23 inserted into the first column 21, a position corresponding to the cutout hole 21C of the first column 21 penetrates in the left-right direction in the drawing so as to communicate with the hollow portion 23A. The cutout hole 23B is provided. This notch hole 23B is a hole of the same size as two unit materials 1 are laminated in the vertical direction, and a third hole arranged in the notch hole 23B in a direction orthogonal to the first beam 23. A beam connecting member 26 composed of two unit materials for connecting the fourth beams 24 and 25 is inserted. That is, the cutout hole 21B is cut out in a size that is an integral multiple (3 × 8) of the width and height dimensions of the unit material 1,
The cutout hole 23B is cut out in a size that is an integral multiple (1 × 2) of the width and height dimensions of the unit material 1. The hollow portions 24A, 25A of the third and fourth beams 24, 25 are inserted into both ends of the beam connecting member 26 projecting from the first beam 23, and appropriate means such as bolts or adhesives are inserted. Fixed by. At this time, the third and fourth beams 24 and 25 have three short sides and four long sides.
The hollow structural members 24A and 25A are formed into individual hollow structural members, and the hollow portions 24A and 25A of the hollow structural members are shaped to fit exactly into the beam connecting member 26. Also,
The notch hole 21C formed in the left-right direction in the figure of the first pillar 21 is
The outer circumferences of the third and fourth beams 24 and 25 are fitted to each other so that the outer circumferences of the third and fourth beams 24 and 25 are fitted to each other, that is, an integral multiple (3 × 4) of the width and height dimensions of the unit material 1. The connection between the fourth beams 24 and 25 and the first columns 21 is made stronger.

A notch hole 23C having the same shape as the notch hole 23B is provided in the middle of the projecting portion of the first beam 23 from the first column 21, and the beam connecting member 26 penetrated into the notch hole 23C. The fifth and sixth beams 28 and 29 are connected by the beam connecting member 27 having the same shape. Similar to the above-mentioned connecting portions, they are appropriately fixed by an adhesive or bolts, and the following connecting portions are also fixed by the same means.

At the upper end of the hollow portion 21A of the first pillar 21, as shown in FIG.
A connecting member 31 having the same shape as that of the hollow structural member 10 shown in FIG. 2 is inserted and fixed, and a second pillar 32 having the same shape as the first pillar 21 is connected and fixed to the connecting member 31 through the hollow portion 32A. ing. At the upper end of the second column 32, cutout holes 32B and 32C are provided which penetrate in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction in the drawing and communicate with the hollow portion 32A, and the cutout holes 32B and 32C respectively have the cutout holes 32B and 32C. A connecting member 33 whose both ends project from the second column 32, respectively.
And 34 are inserted respectively.

The connecting members 33, 34 are made of an appropriate material such as a metal material or wood.
It has the shape shown in FIG. That is, the connecting members 33 and 34 are provided with the notches 33A and 34A, which are fitted to each other, at the positions located inside the hollow portion 32A of the second column 32, and these notches 33A and 34A are fitted to each other. When connecting, both connecting members 3
The height of 3,34 is the same as the cross shape. At this time, a notch hole formed in the front-back direction of the second column 32
32B is a dimension substantially equal to the height dimension of the connecting member 33,
On the other hand, the notch hole 32C formed in the left-right direction is the notch hole 3 in advance.
2B so that the other connecting member 34 can be inserted through the notch 33A of the connecting member 33 inserted in 2B.
The height dimension is longer than 34. As a result, when the notch 34A of the connecting member 34 comes to a position facing the notch 33A of the connecting member 33, when the other connecting member 34 is pushed down to the one connecting member 33 side, both connecting members 33, 34 become It is adapted to be engaged with each other. By pushing down the connecting member 34, wedges 35 are respectively inserted from the left and right directions in the gaps of the notch holes 32C formed above the connecting member 34 to temporarily fix the connecting member 34, and complete fixing is performed as described above. It is made by adhesion or the like. At this time, the wedge 35 is set in a shape that does not protrude from the outer surface of the second column 32.

Beam members 36, 37, 38, 39 having the same shape are respectively formed in the hollow portions 36A, 37A, 38A of the connecting members 33, 34, both ends of which project in the direction perpendicular to the upper end of the second column 32. , 39A are connected and fixed. At this time, each of the hollow holes 36A to 39A is shaped to fit into the connecting members 33 and 34.

The third pillar 41 is fitted and fixed to the upper end of the second pillar 32 by utilizing the hollow portion 32A. The third pillar 41 is composed of the hollow structural member 10 similar to that shown in FIG. In the upper part of the third column 41, two notch holes 41B of the unit material 1 are formed in the vertical direction communicating with the hollow portion 41A, and the connecting member 42 is inserted through the notch holes 41B. .
The connecting member 42 has a shape in which two unit materials 1 are vertically stacked, and both ends thereof are projected from the third column 41.
In the portion of the connecting member 42 protruding from the pillar 41, the short side 3
Beams 43 and 44 having four long sides are fitted and fixed using hollow portions 43A and 44A, respectively.

In order to assemble this embodiment having such a configuration, a pillar, a beam, or a single connecting member is processed using a hollow structural material having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, which is manufactured by focusing and adhering unit materials in advance at a factory. . That is, taking the first pillar 21 as an example,
Sixteen unit materials 1 are bonded and fixed in a square prism shape to form a hollow structural member 11, and the hollow structural member 11 is made to have a required length, and the cutout holes 21B and 21C are processed. Further, the first beam 23 and other constituent members are similarly processed and transported to the construction site. At this time, partial assembly may be performed if necessary.

At the site, each member is sequentially connected using the hollow portions 21A, ..., the notch holes 21B, ..., and fixed by adhesion, bolting, nailing, or other ordinary fixing means, and the desired frame structure is fixed. To construct.

According to the present embodiment configured as described above, there are the following effects.

That is, since all the pillars and beams, including the first pillar 21 and the first beam 23, are formed of a hollow structural material in which a plurality of unit basic materials 1 having a small cross section are collected and bonded and fixed,
It is possible to use a small diameter material, and it is possible to easily perform antiseptic treatment or the like on the unit material 1 before focusing, and it is possible to improve durability. Further, since the unit material 1 has a small diameter, it is possible to use a small-sized raw tree such as thinned wood and provide it at a low cost. Similarly, since it has a small diameter, sufficient drying can be easily performed, and by using this dried unit material 1, dimensional stability is extremely good even if a hollow structural member having a large cross-sectional area is constructed. Furthermore, since the first pillars 21 and the like each have a hollow portion 21A and the like, not only can the volume be reduced, the apparent volume can be increased, and the appearance can be splendid. Wiring and piping of electric cords etc. can also be performed using 21A. Also, pillar 21
Since the hollow structural material is used, it is possible to extremely easily form the notch hole 21B corresponding to the handle and the handle hole in the conventional method, the connecting member 26, etc., especially when forming the notch hole penetrating the pillar etc. Since there is a hollow portion in the middle, there are few problems such as centering. Furthermore, the hollow structural material is the unit material 1
Since it is only necessary to line up and adhere a predetermined number of the products, it is possible to easily produce them in the company's own factory, and it is also possible to rationalize the factory production. Further, at the construction site, the joints and the like of the respective joints may be bonded using the pillars 21, the beams 23 and the like produced in the factory, and the wooden frame structure of the building can be easily formed. At this time, for connection of each pillar 21, the beam 23, etc., the traditional joint and connection methods can be applied, and the connection structure can be diversified. Further, the notch hole 21B formed in the pillar 21, the beam 23, etc.
If there is a concern that strength will be reduced due to 21C, 23B, etc., it is possible to easily perform partial reinforcement by inserting an appropriate reinforcing member into the hollow holes 21A, 23A including the relevant portion. The degree of freedom in designing 21, beams 23, etc. can be increased. Furthermore, if the cross-sectional shapes of the pillars 21, the beams 23, etc. are standardized, by stocking pillars or beams of multiple types of cross-sectional shapes, it is possible to correspond to a wooden frame structure of any structure, and a hollow structural material component. Inventory management can be done systematically. Further, as a matter of course, since each pillar 21 and the like are made of the wood-based unit material 1, it is possible to take advantage of the workability of the wood and give the wood the original feel. it can. In addition, the hollow structure has columns 21, beams
Even when used as a 23, a large cross-sectional area can be easily manufactured, so it is possible to make a beam with a large pillar structure and a large span, and it is difficult to use a conventional prefabricated wooden house. Can be configured
At the same time, it is possible to design a large Western-style resort-type house and create a sense of luxury in the building. In addition, the hollow structure material can be used as a conventional construction method if it is certified as a material according to the building standards, and its application range can be extremely widened.

In implementing the present invention, the connection structure of each pillar, beam and the like is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and other structures may be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the notch 51B formed in the pillar 51 is not provided in the middle of the pillar 51, but is provided at the end of the pillar 51 and the upper end is open. There is a beam having a hollow portion 52A in the cutout portion 51B.
The column 52 may be inserted and fixed so that the upper end of the column 51 and the upper surface of the column 51 are aligned with each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the cutout portion 53B formed in the column 53 having the hollow portion 53A is
The upper end thereof may be opened, and the pillar 53 may not be penetrated but opened only on one side surface, and the beam 54 having the hollow portion 54A may be inserted and fixed in the notch portion 53B.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the connecting member 56 inserted into the cutout portion 55B of the column 55 formed of the hollow structure having the hollow portion 55A has the protrusion 56A at the portion located inside the hollow portion 55A. The projection 56A may be brought into contact with the end surface of a beam member (not shown) inserted from the end of the connecting member 56 to position the beam member and the connecting member 56.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a beam 63 is pin-coupled between the upper ends of a pair of columns 61, 62 made of a hollow structural material.
The wooden frame structure of the present invention may be configured as a gate-type rigid frame structure in which the panel member 70 is attached midway and the pin joint portion is adhesively fixed. At this time, when the panel member 70 is attached, when the height of the panel member 70 is substantially equal to the height from the floor surface of the beam 63 attached to both columns 61, 62, the frame structure of the panel member 70 is It becomes extremely difficult to attach to. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the cutout holes 61A and 62 formed in the columns 61 and 62 are formed.
If A is formed as the notches 61B and 62B that are larger than the height dimension of the connecting member 64 used for connecting the beams 63 by the dimension H, the beams 63 will be formed in the notches 61B and 62B when the panel member 70 is inserted. By moving to the upper side, a gap corresponding to the dimension H is formed between the beam 63 and the panel member 70, and in this state, the panel member 70 is formed.
Then, the beam 63 is pushed down by the dimension H to fix the beam 63 and the upper end surface of the panel member 70. At the time of this fixing, between the beam 63 and the panel member 70, as shown in FIG.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, it may be attached using a connecting fitting 72 having rising portions on both side edges of a flat plate-shaped member. Thus, the columns 61, 62 and the beams 63
By providing a so-called up-down adjusting mechanism in which notches 61B and 62B having a size in the up-down direction larger than the connecting member 64 of the beam 63 is provided at the joint portion with, the effect that the insertion of the panel member 70 can be made extremely easy is added. it can.

Furthermore, the dimension of each side in the cross-sectional shape of the unit material 1 is
The size is not limited to 6 cm square, and other dimensions may be used. Further, the end of each connecting member may be chamfered on the end side or may be provided with a taper tapering toward the end to facilitate insertion of a beam or the like. Further, the material of the connecting member is not limited to wood, but may be metal, plastic, or the like.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the invention, since the hollow structural member is formed by using the wooden unit material as one unit, it is easy to change the arrangement of the wooden unit materials to easily make the pillars, the beams, their joints and joints. The mouth or the like can be formed. That is, since the cutout portion of the hollow structural member has a size that is an integral multiple of the width and height dimensions of the wooden unit material, the connecting member fitted in this cutout portion is also bonded by combining the wooden unit material and bonding. Can be formed. In addition, since the connecting member is formed to have a size matching the cutout portion, that is, an integral multiple of the width and height dimensions of the wooden unit material, another hollow structure connected via this connecting member. The hollow part at the tip of the material can be easily formed, so that not only can the connection structure be extremely diverse, but also a structural material with a large cross-sectional area can be easily formed, and the added value as a building can be improved. The effect is that you can do it.

Further, since the cutout portion of the hollow structural member has a size that is an integral multiple of the width and height dimensions of the wooden unit material, the connecting member inserted into the cutout portion can be formed by combining only the wooden unit material, In particular, there is an effect that it is not necessary to post-process the connecting member.

For the present invention, the IPC is changed to "E04C 3/12, E04C 3/4
2), the so-called Patrice search using the keyword "glued timber" etc. found no "wooden frame structure and hollow structure materials for buildings" like the present invention, and the novelty of the present invention in the relevant field is clear. Became.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (A) to 1 (F) are cross-sectional views showing hollow structural materials of different shapes used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a part showing an embodiment of a wooden frame structure of a building according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view in which a portion is cut away, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view in which a part of a main part of FIG. 2 is cross-sectioned, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a connecting structure different from the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a further different connecting structure of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional perspective view of a main part showing still another embodiment of the connecting structure used in the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the connection structure shown in FIG. 7, and FIG.
The figure shows the front view of the metal fittings between the beam and the panel in Figure 7,
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of the connecting fitting of FIG. 1 …… Wooden unit material, 10 to 15 …… Hollow structural material, 10A to 15A
... Hollow part, 21, 32, 41, 51, 53, 55, 61, 62 ... Pillar, 21A, 32
A, 41A, 51A, 53A, 55A, 61A, 62A ... Hollow part, 21B, 21C, 23B,
23C, 32B, 32C, 55B ... Notch holes, 23-25, 28, 29, 36-39, 43,
44,52,54,63 …… beams, 23A ~ 25A, 28A, 29A, 36A ~ 39A, 43A, 4
4A, 52A, 53A, 63A …… hollow part, 51B, 53B …… notch part, 26,2
7,31,32,33,42,56 …… Connecting members.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pillar in which a plurality of slender woody unit materials having a substantially rectangular cross section and having the same width and height dimensions are combined and bonded together in a state of being aligned in the length direction of the pillar. In a wooden frame structure of a building in which structural materials such as beams are connected and fixed to each other, the structural material has at least one space of the size of the wooden unit material inside itself. It is a hollow structural member formed along the length direction, and one hollow structural member connected and fixed to each other is an integer of the width and height dimensions of the wood unit material that communicates with the hollow portion inside thereof. A double-sized cutout is formed, and a connection member having a size that fits in the cutout is fitted in the cutout, and the connection member has the other hollow structure member connected to the other hollow structure member. The hollow structural material has the tip of the connecting member. With fitted in the inserted state, wooden frame structure of the building hollow portion of the hollow structural member is characterized in that it is formed to a size that the connecting member is fitted.