JPH0792133B2 - Power transmission device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a power transmission device, and particularly to power transmission between a rotating member arranged in a case containing oil and a shaft member arranged outside the case coaxially with the rotating member. The present invention relates to an improvement of a power transmission device suitable for use when performing.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, as a four-wheel drive system for a vehicle, for example, JP-A-55-72
No. 420, JP-A No. 60-241575, etc., and U.S. Pat.
What is described in the specification of 4,369,671 etc. is known. The four-wheel drive system described in these documents is
The drive force given from the output shaft of the transmission is distributed to the rear wheel output system and the drive sprocket which is the front wheel output system via the center differential gear, or is given from the transmission to the rear wheel output system. The driving force is distributed to the drive sprocket, which is the front wheel side output system, via the clutch, and the driving force is applied from the drive sprocket to the front propeller shaft via the chain and driven sprocket. Here, the transmission system to the above-mentioned driven sprockets is arranged in a liquid-tight environment in the case,
The part from the front propeller shaft is placed in a normal atmospheric environment. Therefore, conventionally, while allowing power transmission from the driven propeller to the front propeller shaft, the oil in the case does not leak out before mounting the propeller shaft, during mounting, or after removing the propeller shaft. In order to do so, he had the following benefits. That is, rather than transmitting power directly from the driven sprockets to the front propeller shaft, first the sleeve shaft with the sealing function of the case is mounted from inside to outside the case by bearings, and at the same time, the driven shaft is attached to the sleeve shaft. Was spline-fitted, and then the front propeller shaft (female) was spline-fitted to the portion (male) of the sleeve shaft that was projected to the outside of the case. Therefore, the rotational power of the driven sprocket was first transmitted to the sleeve shaft and then to the front propeller shaft connected to the sleeve shaft.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in such a conventional power transmission device, the sleeve shaft has to be mounted in the case in advance because of its sealing function. Therefore, when inspecting and adjusting the dynamic balance on the front propeller shaft side, the front propeller shaft rotates integrally with the sleeve shaft, but only the part other than the sleeve shaft part or the universal joint part Therefore, there is a problem that the dynamic balance on the side of the front propeller shaft cannot be adjusted in a state close to the mounted state. When connecting the sleeve shaft and the front propeller shaft in the above-described conventional power transmission device, a member such as a flange yoke of the front propeller shaft is attached to the outer circumference (male) of the part where the sleeve shaft projects from the case (male). Female) will be fitted. Therefore, in addition to the so-called part in the case for the bearings located on both sides of the driven shaft, the sleeve shaft is
Since a fitting margin for fitting the flange yoke and the like is required outside the case, the total length must be increased accordingly. Generally, it is preferable that the total length of the four-wheel drive device, in particular, the total length of the four-wheel drive device based on the FR vehicle is as short as possible. It has to be unnecessarily long.For example, an adapter is required on the automatic transmission side to avoid interference between the universal joint part of the front propeller shaft and the oil pan of the automatic transmission. There was a problem of causing a rise.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and enables power transmission from a rotating member in a liquid-tight case to a shaft member in an atmospheric environment, and the shaft member. The oil can be prevented from leaking from the case before, during and after the installation, and the shaft member can be installed and removed smoothly, and the total length of the power transmission part can be kept short. An object of the present invention is to provide a power transmission device that can do the above.

[Means for solving problems]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a rotating member arranged inside a case containing oil, a shaft member arranged outside the case coaxially with the rotating member, and formed coaxially and integrally with the rotating member. And a connecting member having one end extending to the outside of the case and having an insertion hole into which the shaft member can be fitted so that power can be transmitted, and an outer peripheral portion of the connecting member on the one end side. A seal member capable of sealing the inside and outside of the case, and the inside and outside of the case at the other end side inner peripheral portion of the connecting member insertion hole, and the inside of the insertion hole as the shaft member is attached and detached. The above object is achieved by including a seal piston member that slides and can alleviate the rise and fall of the pressure at the time of attachment and detachment. A second aspect of the present invention is a rotary member arranged in a case containing oil, a shaft member arranged outside the case coaxially with the rotary member, and formed coaxially and integrally with the rotary member. And a connecting member having one end extending to the outside of the case and having an insertion hole into which the shaft member can be fitted so that power can be transmitted, and an outer peripheral portion of the connecting member on the one end side. A seal member capable of sealing the inside and outside of the case; a seal member capable of sealing the inside and outside of the case at the other end side inner peripheral portion of the insertion hole of the connecting member; The above object is also achieved by providing a piston member that slides in a slide hole formed in the shaft member and can alleviate the rise and fall of pressure at the time of attachment and detachment.

[Operation and effect of the invention]

In the present invention, first, the connecting member is formed coaxially and integrally with the rotating member. This connecting member has one end extending to the outside of the case, and has an insertion hole into which the shaft member can be fitted so that power can be transmitted. Liquid tightness is maintained at the outer peripheral portion of the connecting member extending to the outside of the case by a seal member capable of sealing the inside and outside of the case. On the other hand, a seal piston (first invention) or a seal member (second invention) capable of sealing the inside and outside of the case member is also arranged at the inner peripheral portion on the other end side of the insertion hole of the connecting member. Therefore, the liquid tightness is maintained.
That is, the rotary member is supported by the two sealing members via the connecting member that rotates integrally with the rotary member while maintaining the liquid tightness in the case. By the way, when the shaft member is mounted in the insertion hole of the connecting member in this state, the air in the space formed between the tip of the shaft member and the sealing member is compressed, and the shaft member is inserted. Becomes difficult. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, in the first aspect of the present invention, the seal member is a slidable seal piston, and the seal piston is slidable in the insertion hole to remove the seal piston. It is possible to mitigate the rise and fall of pressure. Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, the piston member slides in the sliding hole formed in the shaft member as the shaft member is attached and detached, and the rise and fall of the pressure at the time of attachment and detachment are alleviated. . Due to the action of these sliding members, the shaft member can be smoothly attached to the connecting member without receiving the compression resistance of air, and conversely, can be smoothly moved from the connecting member without receiving the negative pressure resistance of air. It is possible to remove. Further, since the coupling member and the shaft member are fitted to each other by inserting the male-shaped shaft member into the insertion hole of the female-shaped coupling member, the fitting portion can be drawn into the case. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a fitting margin outside the case as in the conventional case, and the total length of the device can be shortened by the fitting margin. As a result, for example, it becomes unnecessary to provide an adapter or the like on the automatic transmission side, which has been conventionally required, and the total length of the drive system can be shortened. Further, since it is not necessary to divide the shaft member from the sleeve shaft or the like, the dynamic balance of the shaft member (for example, the front propeller shaft) can be inspected and adjusted in a state close to mounting.

【Example】

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a detailed view of a four-wheel drive transferer to which the embodiment of the first invention is applied. Further, FIG. 2 shows a driving force transmission system of a four-wheel drive vehicle of a front-mounted engine rear-wheel drive base in which the transformer 1 is incorporated. That is, in FIG. 2, an automatic transmission 2 mainly including a torque converter 2A and a plurality of planetary gear mechanisms 2B is an engine 3
The transformer 1 is connected to the rear end side of the automatic transmission 2, and the transmission output shaft 4 serves as the input shaft of the transformer 1. The shifter 1 is a center differential device 6 whose differential action is limited by a slip control differential control clutch 5.
The driving force is distributed to the rear wheel side and the front wheel side via the. The rear wheel output shaft 7 on the rear wheel side is arranged coaxially with the transmission output shaft 4, and a companion flange 8 for connecting a rear propeller shaft (not shown) is attached to the tip end thereof. There is. On the other hand, on the front wheel side, the driving force is transmitted from the drive sprocket 18 to the driven sprocket 19 via the silent chain 17, and is further transmitted from the driven sprocket 19 to the front propeller shaft 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the case for accommodating the functional parts of the transformer 1 is a front case 13 connected to the case of the automatic transmission 2, and the differential control clutch attached to the front case 13. 5, a rear case 15 for accommodating the center differential device 6 and the rear case
It is composed of an extension housing 16 connected to the rear of 15. Front case 13 and rear case 15
And are closely connected to each other, and a chain chamber 14 is formed therebetween. A winding conduction mechanism 20 including a silent chain 17, a drive sprocket 18 and a driven sprocket 19 around which the silent chain 17 is wound is housed in the chain chamber 14. The drive sprocket 18 has an insertion hole 21 formed along the center axis thereof, and is rotatably held by the pair of bearings 22 and 23 with respect to the front case 13 and the rear case 15. The transmission output shaft 4 is inserted into the insertion hole 21 of the drive sprocket 18 in a non-contact state, so that the two are arranged concentrically with each other. The drive sprocket 18 is formed with an oil hole 27 that connects any of the tooth bottoms to the inner surface of the insertion hole 21.
A groove 28 is formed along the circumferential direction at the opening of the oil hole 27 on the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 21. On the other hand, the transmission output shaft 4 is provided with a lubricating oil passage 29 communicating with a hydraulic pressure source (not shown) such as an oil pump in the automatic transmission 2 along the central axis. Further, the lubricating oil passage 29 is provided at a portion corresponding to the groove 28.
Oil holes 30 for sprocket are formed in the radial direction from the to the outer peripheral surface. That is, the oil pressure-fed from the hydraulic power source of the automatic transmission 2 is supplied to the tooth portion of the drive sprocket 18 through the lubricating oil passage 29, the sprocket oil hole 30, the groove 28, and the oil hole 27. Has been done. Further, bearing oil holes 31A and 31B are formed in the corresponding portions of the bearings 22 and 23 in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 4. An oil guide 32 is provided inside the front case 13 to guide the oil ejected from one of the bearing oil holes 31 to the bearing 22. As shown in FIG. 3, the tip portion (inner peripheral edge) of the oil guide 32 is
It is located in front of the opening of the bearing oil hole 31 so as to cover the opening, and is configured to guide the oil to the bearing 22 via the guide surface 33. Next, a configuration for circulating oil in the chain chamber 14 will be described. As described above, the winding transmission mechanism 20
Is designed to be forcibly lubricated by the drive sprocket 18. Therefore, an oil discharge port 15a for returning oil to an external oil reservoir (not shown) such as an oil pan is formed in the rear case 15. FIG. 5 is a view of the rear case 15 as seen from the rear side of the vehicle, in which the driven sprocket 19 is arranged diagonally below the drive sprocket 18. Further, arc-shaped ribs 43, 44, 45, 46 which respectively correspond to the upper side and the lateral side of the drive sprocket 18 are projectingly provided on the facing surfaces of the front case 13 and the rear case 15, respectively. These ribs 43, 44 and 45, 46 abut each other to form a partition wall. As a result, an oil passage 47 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the drive sprocket 1. The oil discharge port 15a is provided at a position where oil drops from the oil passage 47. Of the facing surfaces of the front case 13 and the rear case 15, the parts located between the sprockets 18 and 19 are
Oil receiving ribs 48, 49 are provided so as to project. These oil receiving ribs 4
As shown in FIG. 5, 8 and 49 are wrapped around the conduction mechanism 20.
It has a curved shape so as to form a receiving surface facing upward while avoiding interference with the above. This oil receiving rib 48,
A chain circulation hole 50 is formed in the central portion of 49 for dropping oil into the silent chain 17, so that the silent chain 17 is lubricated without requiring an oil reservoir. The oil seal circulation hole 51 formed in the oil receiving rib 48 is
Front case to reach the oil seal 34 described later
It communicates with the oil passage 52 formed in 13. The configuration near the driven sprocket 19 will be described in detail later. The rear wheel output shaft 7 is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings 53, 54 inside an extension housing 16 attached to the rear side of the rear case 15. A gear 55 for a vehicle speed sensor is attached to an intermediate portion of the rear wheel output shaft 7, and a companion flange 8 is spline-fitted to a rear end portion of the rear wheel output shaft 7. The companion flange 8 and the extension housing 16 are sealed with an oil seal 56, and the rear wheel output shaft 7 and the companion flange 8 are sealed with an O-ring 57. Further, the front end of the transmission output shaft 4 is supported inside the rear end of the rear wheel output shaft 7 (the left end in FIG. 1) via a bearing 58. The center differential device 6 for distributing the driving force of the transmission output shaft 4 to the rear wheel side and the front wheel side and the differential control clutch 5 for limiting the differential thereof are configured as follows. The center differential gear 6 is a planetary gear mechanism. That is, the carrier 59 holding the planetary pinion is spline-fitted to the end of the transmission output shaft 4, while the ring gear 60 is connected and integrated with the rear wheel output shaft 7. On the other hand, the sun gear 61 is spline-fitted to the extended portion of the boss portion of the drive sprocket 18 and has a cylindrical portion extending toward the vehicle front side (left side in FIG. 1), and the cylindrical portion is inside the rear case 1. It is rotatably fitted to the boss portion of the fixed support 62. The differential clutch 5 is composed of a wet multi-plate clutch, and the clutch drum 63 is connected and integrated with the cylindrical portion of the sun gear 6 extending to the support 62 side.
The clutch hub 64 is integrated with the ring gear 60 of the center differential gear unit 6. A cylinder is formed by the cylindrical portion of the sun gear 61 extending toward the support 62 side and the clutch drum 63, and two large and small pistons are built in the inside thereof in a differential control clutch 5.
A hydraulic servo mechanism 65 for operating the. In this hydraulic servo mechanism 65, the piston moves against the return spring 66 so that the differential control clutch 5 moves.
And is controlled by a hydraulic control device 67 arranged on the lower side of the rear case 15. By engaging the differential control clutch 5 with a certain degree of engagement force at all times, the center differential gear device 6
It is possible to perform the differential limitation and control so that the torque distribution ratio to the rear wheel side is increased. The transmission output shaft 4 has its circulating oil passage.
Oil holes from 29 to the outer peripheral surface are provided at the required places,
In the sun gear 61 of the center differential gear 6, an oil hole for supplying oil to the gear is formed from the inner peripheral surface toward the tooth bottom. Further, the rear wheel output shaft 7 is provided with a lubricating oil passage extending along a central axis from the base end portion thereof over a predetermined length, and an oil hole extending from the circulating oil passage to the outer peripheral surface is formed at a necessary position. . Next, the structure near the driven sprocket 19 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 4, a connecting member 190 is coaxially and integrally formed with the driven sprocket 19. One end side 190A of the connecting member 190 extends to the outside of the front case 13, and an insertion hole 192 is formed in which the tip end portion 100 of the front propeller shaft 10 can be fitted so that power can be transmitted. There is. The front end portion 100 of the front propeller shaft 10 is fitted into the insertion hole 192 by spigot fitting at one end side 190A of the connecting member 190 and spline fitting at the central portion 190C. The driven sprocket 19 is rotatably supported by the front case 13 and the rear case 15 at one end side 190A and the other end side 190B of the connecting member 190 via bearings 194A and 194B. The outer circumference of one end 190A of the connecting member 190 is the front case 13
A seal member 196 that seals the inside and the outside is disposed.
A seal piston 198 capable of sealing the inside and outside of the rear case 15 is arranged on the inner peripheral portion on the other end side of the insertion hole 192. The seal piston 198 is slidable in the insertion hole 192. Further, the seal piston 198 is provided with a screw portion 199 for externally adjusting the position of the seal piston 198 in the insertion hole 192. In FIG. 4, 197 is a ring wheel snap, 101 is an O-ring, and 103 is a universal joint. Further, in the space A on the left side of the seal piston 198 in the drawing, grease for lubricating the spline fitting portion is filled. Next, the operation in the vicinity of the driven sprocket 19 will be described. The driven sprocket 19 is rotatably supported by the front case 13 and the rear case 15 via a connecting member 190 formed integrally with the driven sprocket 19 and bearings 194A and 194B. A silent chain 17 is wound around the driven sprocket 19 and rotational power is transmitted from the drive sprocket 18. In this state, the oil in the case is completely sealed by the seal member 196 and the seal piston 198, so that oil leakage does not occur. The front propeller shaft 10 is connected by inserting the tip portion 100 thereof into the insertion hole 192. In this case, the seal piston 198 is pulled back to the position indicated by the broken line in the figure prior to the insertion of the tip portion 100. For this pullback, a jig that engages with the screw portion 199 is used. As the tip portion 100 of the propeller shaft 10 is mounted, the air in the space A sandwiched between the tip portion 100 and the seal piston 198 is compressed, and the compressed air causes the seal piston 198 to move in the drawing. Slide it to the right. As a result, the front propeller shaft can be inserted extremely smoothly without receiving the reaction force of the compressed air. Incidentally, in response to this sliding, the seal piston 198 pushes up the oil in the case filled on the right side in the figure. When removing the propeller shaft, the propeller shaft 10
The space A sandwiched between the tip portion 100 and the seal piston member 198 has a negative pressure. In this case, the seal piston 198 returns to the left side in the figure, which causes the front propeller shaft 10 to move.
Can be easily pulled out. Upon this insertion and extraction, the oil in the case is completely sealed to the outside by the seal member 194 and the seal piston 198.
No oil leakage occurs. To assemble the four-wheel drive transformer 1 described above, basically, the winding transmission mechanism 20 such as the drive sprocket 18 and the driven sprocket 19 is attached to the front case 13, and then the rear case 15 is attached to the front case 13. ,
Further, the differential control clutch 5 and the center differential gear device 6 are assembled in the rear case 15, and finally the extension housing 16 and the companion flange 8 are attached. When assembling the components in the front case 13, the driven sprocket 19 can be independently attached to the front case 13 by the bearing 194A fitted to the outer periphery of the connecting member 190. Further, in this state, the seal member 194 and the seal piston 198 can be attached, and the rear case 15
Even if the oil is enclosed in the case after mounting the same, it is possible to prevent the oil from leaking out without inserting the sleeve shaft or the like in advance. Therefore, balance the front propeller shaft 10 with its universal joint 103.
It is also possible to perform the measurement including the tip portion 100 and the dynamic balance in a state closer to the mounting state. In addition, the inside of the driven sprockets 19, that is, the inside of the insertion hole 190 serves as a fitting portion for the Float propeller shaft 10, and accordingly, a special fitting margin projecting outside the case in the axial direction is not required. It can be short or long. Lastly, a power transmission path in the four-wheel drive transformer 1 will be briefly described. First, a driving force is applied from the transmission output shaft 4 to a carrier 59 of the center differential gear unit 6, and the driving force is the ring gear 60. Is transmitted to the rear wheel output shaft 7 from the sun gear 61 to the drive sprocket 18. In that case, the differential control clutch 5 is slip-controlled to limit the differential action of the center differential gear unit 6 to some extent, so that the torque distribution ratio between the rear wheel output shaft 7 and the drive sprocket 18 is not constant. And changes according to the degree of differential limitation.
The driving force applied to the drive sprocket 18 is transmitted to the propeller shaft 10 through the silent chain 17 and the driven sprocket 19 and is transmitted to the differential gear device for the front wheels. That is, it is possible to set the four-wheel drive state in which the torque distribution rates to the front and rear wheels are different. Next, FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the seal member 194 seals the inside and outside of the case when the driven sprocket 19 and the connecting member 190 integrated with the driven sprocket 19 are mounted by bearings 194A and 194B.
And it is carried out by Pragtite 200. Further, when the front end portion 210 of the front propeller shaft 10 is detached, the piston member 212 has a sliding hole 21 formed inside the front end portion 210.
It is designed to slide inside 4. The sliding hole 214 communicates with the outside through a deaeration hole 216. Piston member 2
The screw portion 218 for adjusting the position in the sliding hole 214 is attached to the 12 as described above. When the front propeller shaft 10 is inserted, the piston member 212 is pulled out in advance to the most distal end portion (the position indicated by the broken line in the figure) of the front propeller shaft 10 by using a jig for screwing the screw member 218. This slide member 212 is pushed back to the position shown by the solid line in the figure with the insertion of the propeller shaft 10.
Therefore, the insertion resistance due to the compression of the air in the space B between the tip 210 of the propeller shaft 10 and the plug tight 200 can be reduced. When the propeller shaft 10 is pulled out, the piston member 212 is pulled back to the position shown by the broken line in the figure, and the fixed price of the pressure in the space B is prevented, so that the front propeller shaft 10 can be pulled out smoothly.
Further, due to the presence of the piston member 212, the grease can be filled in the space B, and the spline fitting portion can be lubricated. Since other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those of the previous embodiment, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and duplicate description will be omitted. In addition, in the above embodiment, in the silent chain arranged in the case in which the oil is sealed, the example in which the rotational power of the driven sprocket is transmitted to the shaft member outside the case is shown, but the present invention is the above. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and for example, in a wet type continuously variable transmission in which a belt is wound around a driving pulley and a driven pulley whose pulley diameters can be changed, the power of the driving pulley or the driven pulley is used as a case. It can be applied to a mechanism that transmits to an outer shaft member. Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the winding transmission mechanism in the four-wheel drive system, but also to the case where the rotational power of the rotating member placed in a wide general wet state is transmitted to the shaft member in the dry state.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a transferer of a four-wheel drive vehicle in which an embodiment of a power transmission device according to the present invention is adopted, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a power transmission system of the device, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the oil guide, FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the driven sprockets, FIG. 5 is a side view of the rear case as seen from the rear of the vehicle, and FIG. 6 is a second embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 10 …… Front propeller shaft (shaft member), 13 …… Front case, 15 …… Rear case, 19 …… Drivance sprockets (rotating member), 190 …… Coupling member, 190A …… One end, 190B …… Other end Part, 192 ... insertion hole, 194 ... seal member, 198 ... seal piston, 200 ... plug tight (seal member), 212 ... piston member, 214 ... sliding hole.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-63-82830 (JP, A) JP-A-63-83461 (JP, A) JP-A-63-83462 (JP, A) JP-A-63- 121526 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotating member arranged in a case containing oil, a shaft member arranged outside the case coaxially with the rotating member, and formed coaxially and integrally with the rotating member. At the same time, a connecting member having one end extending to the outside of the case and provided with an insertion hole into which the shaft member can be fitted so that power can be transmitted, and the case at the outer peripheral portion of the connecting member on the one end side. A sealing member capable of sealing the inside and the outside, and the inside and the outside of the case are sealed at the other end side inner peripheral portion of the insertion hole of the coupling member, and the inside of the insertion hole is attached as the shaft member is attached and detached. A power transmission device comprising: a seal piston member that slides and can alleviate an increase / decrease in pressure during desorption. 2. A rotating member arranged inside a case in which oil is mixed, a shaft member arranged outside the case coaxially with the rotating member, and formed coaxially and integrally with the rotating member. Along with the connecting member, one end of which extends to the outside of the case member and which has an insertion hole into which the shaft member can be fitted so that power can be transmitted, and an outer peripheral portion of the connecting member on the one end side thereof. A seal member capable of sealing the inside and outside of the case, a seal member capable of sealing the inside and outside of the case at the other end side inner peripheral portion of the insertion hole of the connecting member, and the shaft accompanying removal and attachment of the shaft member. A power transmission device comprising: a piston member that slides in a sliding hole formed in the member and can alleviate an increase and a decrease in pressure at the time of attachment and detachment.