JPH0793845B2 - Seeding method and device for seeding beds - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a seeding method for seedlings for rice transplanters and other transplanters, and a device therefor.

Conventional technology The number of rice farmers who manually plant rice has decreased, and nowadays more and more farmers use rice transplanters to plant rice. As shown in FIG. 11, this rice transplanter mounts a mat-like seedling 3 on a seedling-mounting table 2 connected to a self-propelled farm car 1, and the mating-like seedling 3 is placed by a planting claw 4. As shown in Fig. 12, it is a device that scrapes a block 5 of a certain area (W1 x L1) and embeds it in a paddy field. As shown in FIG. 13, the mat-like seedlings 3 are placed on the seedling placing table 2 having a predetermined vertical dimension L (for example, 580 mm) and horizontal dimension W (for example, 280 mm), as shown in FIG. As described above, the seedlings are cultivated in the seedling raising box 6 having the same vertical dimension L and horizontal dimension W. Then, in order to sow the seedling raising box 6, as shown in FIG. 15, the seedling raising box 6 containing the seedling raising bed 6a is placed on a table 8 provided with a conveyor 7 such as a belt conveyor, While dropping the paddy 10 from the seeding machine 9 which is fixedly supported on the table 8, the seedling raising boxes 6 are horizontally moved and scattered, or as shown in FIG. 16, a plurality of seedling raising boxes 6 placed on the ground 11 are placed. A person manually pushes the seeding machines 9a having the rollers 12 rolling in a line and rolling them on to spread the paddy. As shown in FIG. 17, the seeding machines 9 and 9a are provided with a seed feeding drum 14 rotatably below a hopper 13 that stores the paddy 10. The seed feeding drum 14 is provided with semicircular grooves 15 in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and rotates in association with the movement of the seedling raising box 6 or the seeding machine 9a. Therefore, as the drum 14 is rotated, the paddy 10 is clogged in the groove 15 and the paddy 10 is cultivated in each row.
It was supposed to fall inside.

Every time the mat-like seedling 3 is scraped and planted as a block 5 for one plant by the planting claw 4, the width W1 of the block 5 is set by the lateral feeding device 16 of the seedling placing table 2 shown in FIG.
When the front row of the front end of the planting claw 4 is removed, the vertical feed device 17 feeds the block 5 of length L1 to the planting claw 4 side. Therefore, the same operation is sequentially repeated.
In this case, how many times the length L and the width W of the mat-like seedling 3 are scraped off can be set in advance by an adjusting device (not shown) of the rice transplanter. That is, when the number of times of scraping is reduced, the scraping area of "one time = one stock" is increased, and when the number of times of scraping is decreased, the area is reduced. In this way, the seeding amount per box, that is, the number of seedlings scraped and planted per strain with respect to the density of seedlings is adjusted.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Generally, in rice planting, planting a uniform number of seedlings per plant without loss of plant results in uniform growth of rice and, in turn, “quality rice production (first-class rice)”. Since supplementary planting work (which is usually done by planting 0 to 1 plant per plant) (this is done manually after the planting work by the rice transplanter is completed) can be omitted, saving labor and reducing mental distress. become. In other words, this is an important element of rice planting that leads to "reduction of rice production cost = cheap rice production" for the reduction of high rice prices, which is becoming a social problem.

However, in reality, the uniformity of the mat-like seedlings 3 is low as compared with the accuracy of scraping off the planting nails 4 in the rice transplanter. That is, as shown in FIG. 17, in the seedling raising box 6, where the paddy 10 is sowed thickly (A), thinly sowed (B), or like a missing tooth and is not sowed. However, because of (C) and the like, the seeding accuracy is poor, and it is impossible to plant the same number of the above-mentioned one plant or eliminate the missing strain. Moreover, the seeding amount in the seedling raising box 6 is roughly 100 g of seeds (or hundreds of cc seeding) regardless of the size of the paddy 10 or the desired number of seedlings per planting at the time of planting due to the difference in variety. After the seedlings were raised, the rice transplanter adjusted the number of scrapes for one strain to a certain extent, but for a few minutes, the seedlings in the seedling raising box 6 were only scattered randomly, so Since there was no sowing control for each plant, unevenness in the number of seedlings per plant and lack of plants (usually about 3 to 8% of the number of planted plants) occurred during planting.

In the conventional seeding machine, the seedlings were appropriately sown regardless of the number of times of horizontal and vertical scraping, so the grown seedlings could be planted and the growth after planting would be sufficient. However, in terms of planting accuracy, the compatibility with rice transplanters was insufficient, and it was natural that planting work could result in missing plants or uneven numbers of seedlings per plant.

So far, the "rice making" is to sow many seeds in one box,
In some cases, the strain was prevented by increasing the scraping area of the planting nails by adjusting the machine to increase the number of plants to be planted by scraping per plant. Therefore, pests are likely to occur, and the rice grains are likely to be small at the time of harvest, so it was far from the state of "making high quality rice".

In the present situation of rice surplus, priority must be given to “quality rice production = first-class rice”, so the above-mentioned concept of sowing, raising seedlings, and rice transplanting must be revised.

For that purpose, even though it is a mat-shaped seedling, it is necessary to carefully sow seeds into each seedling.

If you want to sow this whole plant,
(Fig. 15) Even if it is adopted in Fig. 13, the horizontal width W1 of one time is small in Fig. 13 (generally, since W = 280 mm is scraped in 26 times, one width W1 = 10.8 mm). On the other hand, as for the sowing hole per plant in the feeding section, in order to allow 3 to 5 seeds per plant, the diameter of each hole must be about 10 mm as a result of the experiment. If you reduce the number of seeds, the seeds inside will not come out easily due to friction, which will worsen the sowing accuracy and will promote the lack of seedlings and uneven number of seedlings.) With respect to the equivalent width W1, as shown in FIG. 18, the adjacent holes 15a, 15a become continuous, and it must be similar to the sowing groove 15 of the conventional seeder, which achieves the purpose. You cannot do it.

Therefore, the present invention sets the seeding amount (the number of seeds) corresponding to the number of seedlings per plant at the time of planting by rational improvement of the seeding machine, and improves the quality of rice by preventing the uneven number of plants per plant at the time of planting. And, it is intended to help eliminate the labor of supplementary planting by preventing shortages.

That is, sowing hundreds of grams per box (or
The aim is to change the seeding amount control (cc seeding) from rough control of seeding amount to the control of seeding amount (number of seeds) per seed according to the number of rice planters planted. It is something to do.

Means for Solving the Problem The present invention, in order to solve the above problems, staggered sowing on the upper surface of the nursery bed, and sowing the gaps of each staggered sowing to compensate each other. In order to embody these methods, and in order to embody these methods, a pair of seed feeding drums are installed side by side so that they can be synchronously rotated front and rear, respectively, on a base equipped with a transport device for transporting seedling raising boxes. A plurality of sowing holes for accommodating seeds on the circumference are formed in a zigzag pattern, and the staggered sowing hole position of the rear drum with respect to the nursery box is set to the clearance of the staggered sowing hole position of the front drum. This is a sowing machine.

According to the present invention having the above-described structure, when the pair of seed feeding drums are respectively rotated, the front and rear drums sow seeds in half in the nursery boxes, respectively, and the sowing is performed in the zigzag sown in the front drum. The same drum is also sown in a staggered manner, eliminating the gaps formed by the staggered manner and sown evenly and uniformly throughout the nursery box. That is, by moving the seedling raising box or moving the seeding machine itself, gaps are uniformly formed in the raising seedling raising box in the first seeding so that teeth are missing, and the staggered shape is formed so as to fill the gap. Since the seeds are sown twice, the inner surface of the nursery box is sown at a uniform and constant density.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of seeders 22 and 23 are mounted on a base 21 provided with a conveyor 20 such as a conveyor, at least at intervals of a length L of the seedling raising box 6. Fix it. The seeders 22, 23 are a hopper 24, a seed feeding drum 25 rotatably supported by the lower portion thereof, a cover 26 covering substantially half the circumference of the drum 25, a brush 27 and a drum that rotate in sliding contact with the drum 25. Pulley to rotate 25
2 pulleys 28,2 consisting of 28 and pulley belt 29
8 can be rotated in conjunction with the pulley belt 29. As shown in FIG. 2, the seed feeding drum 25 is provided with a plurality of sowing holes 30 in a staggered arrangement on the circumferential surface. That is, the sowing holes 30 are drilled in the drum 25 at a constant pitch of 2p in the axial direction of the drum 25 and at a constant pitch of 1p in the circumferential direction, and the rows in the axial direction are displaced to the left or right by the pitch of 1p. It has been set up. The sowing hole 30 is a recess into which a fixed number of seeds 32 are inserted.

As shown in FIG. 3, two seed feeding drums 3
By making the same ones for 3,33 and changing the assembling direction of one seed feeding drum 33,33 during assembly,
The production cost can be reduced and the object of the present invention can be achieved (however, in this case, it is a prerequisite that the number of seeding states is even in both the horizontal and vertical directions).

In FIG. 1, the brush 27 is used to sow the surplus seeds 31 out of the seeds 31 in the sowing holes 30 by appropriately adjusting the intervals, and to determine the number of seeds per plant. Especially in this case, the shape is already staggered, but the advantage is that the hole spacing in the circumferential direction of the seed feeding drums 25, 25 in FIG. 2 can be set to 2p, so the sowing holes 30 are scooped. Brush excess of seeds 31 27
This makes it easier to make room for scratching and splashing, and as a result, the number of seeds for each strain is stable and the seeding state as a whole in one box can be ensured with high accuracy.

The operation of the above embodiment will be described below. In FIG.
Upon reaching / passing the seed feeding drum 25 of 22, the seeds 31 are dropped from the drum 25 rotated by the pulley belt 29, staggered seeding is performed as shown by white circles in FIG. 4, and then the seedling raising box 6 is seeded. Reached the seed feeding drum 25 of machine 23
After passing, as shown by the black circles in FIG. 4, staggered seeding is carried out in the seeding gaps shown in FIG. In this way, when all the seeds have been seeded in one box, as shown in FIG. 5, seeding is performed uniformly and uniformly with a uniform density.

Incidentally, the rotation of the first seeding machine 22 and the subsequent seeding machine 23, it is necessary to synchronize the rotation by synchronizing the timing with the pulley belt 29 so that it becomes as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in the seeding state. Of course. That is, the transfer device 20
The position of the staggered sowing hole 30 of the rear seed feeding drum 25 with respect to the seedling raising box 6 conveyed by is set to the clearance at the position of the staggered sowing hole 30 of the front seed feeding drum 25. By performing the synchronous rotation, the seeds of the rear seed feeding drum 25 can be sown in the clearance of the staggered seeding of the front seed feeding drum 25.

In addition, the seed feeding section is provided with a sowing hole in a cylinder having a large diameter, rather than having a sowing hole provided in a cylinder having a relatively small diameter and rotating many times. The seeding accuracy is further improved by synchronizing the rotations and ending the seeding in one box with one rotation of the cylindrical body. Further, the pitch of the sowing holes 30 of the seed feeding drums 25, 25 and the pitch in the sowing state are not completely the same, and the number of rotations of the drum is adjusted so as to adjust the peripheral speed of the drums 25, 25 with respect to the transport speed of the seedling raising box 6. To decide. Also, the cover 26 is
The sowing holes 30 ensure that the seeds 31 picked up are carried downward.

The seed feeding drum 25 is provided in the space between the brush 27 and the cover 26.
The number of seed grains that have entered the sowing hole 30 may be checked, and the adjustment of the brush 27 described above is performed based on the result of this check.

Next, a comparative example of the present invention will be described.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the sowing hole positions of the seed feeding drum 25 of the seeding machine 22 and the seed feeding drum 25 of the subsequent seeding machine 23 are arranged so as to be staggered in the sowing state, but as shown in FIG. When the seeding hole position is arranged so that the seeding state becomes a straight line in the vertical direction, the vertical seeding hole pitch 1p cannot be set to the dimension of 2p as in the case of the zigzag hole, so the seeds by the seeding hole In order to ensure the scooping and the seed amount regulation by the brush 27, the seeding hole pitch in the vertical direction, that is, the rotation direction must be widened, and the rotation of the seed feeding part must be increased by that much. There is a drawback that it is easily disturbed.

The present invention aims at sowing seeds for one strain in a point-seeding manner as much as possible, but depending on the type of seedling raising box (for example, the presence or absence of ribs on the bottom of the box), the seedling raising drum 25 lower end and the seedling raising box 6 When there is a large distance from the floor 6a (there is no rib at the bottom of the box), the state is "scattering per plant" as shown in Fig. 7, but a virtual line when the seedlings 4 are scraped off Since it is within the range surrounded by 34, 35, the accuracy of the number of seedlings per strain is not much different from that in the point seeding state for each one of the above-mentioned seeds, and the advantage of seeding in this way is that the whole surface of the box Since seeds are sown almost evenly over the entire area, much better seeding accuracy is ensured compared to the conventional "spreading" even if the rice transplanter has different horizontal scraping times or if you want to change the vertical size. You can do it.

Further, as an application example, if a structure capable of changing the rotation speed of the seed feeding drum 25 with respect to the conveyance speed of the seedling raising box 6 is added, for example, when the rotation speed is increased, the planting claws 4 only in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. It is also possible to make a multi-row vertical seeding shown by an imaginary line 36 that is suitable for scraping. The advantage in this case is the 13th
By freely selecting and adjusting the vertical dimension L1 of the planting claw 4 in the figure, the number of plants per planting can be adjusted.

Further, FIG. 16 shows a conventional seeding machine having a structure in which seedling raising boxes 6 are arranged and seeded. In this case as well, the present invention is applied and two seeding machines 22a, 22a, By providing 23a and two seed feeding drums 25a, 25a, it is possible to sow seeds with high precision.

If the seed feeding drums 25a, 25a are designed to be detachable with respect to the seeder body (not shown), even if the seedling transplanter has a machine with different horizontal and vertical feeding times, The seed feeding section suitable for vertical feeding can be easily exchanged by preparing in advance, and the seeding state of the seeding machine of the present invention to the rice transplanter can be more surely adapted.

In the seeding machine of the present invention described above, it is more convenient to install a scraper 39 as illustrated in FIG. 10 side by side as a means for making seed feeding for each strain more reliable.

This is the rotating seed feeding drum 25 as shown in Fig. 10.
Make a very narrow groove 38 that passes through the sowing holes 30 for each stock in the circumferential direction, and use the fixed scraper 39 that is installed on the seeder side so that it will enter the grooves 38. Can be cleaned.

As described above, the finally sown state means that the front and rear seeds fill the space with each other as shown in FIG. 5, and the seeds are evenly sown on the entire surface of the box as a whole. .

Moreover, the seeding state is sowed so as to match the scraping state of the planting claws 4 of the rice transplanter.

Therefore, when using seedlings grown after sowing using the seeding machine of the present invention, since there is no missing strain at the time of planting, manual supplementary planting work can be omitted, and since the number of seedlings per strain is well aligned, After the planting, the growth will be uniform and it will be possible to harvest "high quality rice".

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention described above, seedling boxes are sown in half each in a front and rear two times from a pair of seed feeding drums, and gaps sown in a staggered manner are formed in the front drum, and the gaps are formed. Since the seeds are sown in a staggered manner in the subsequent drum as if the seeds were to be filled, seeds can be evenly and evenly sown in the nursery bed. Moreover, the seeding condition is orderly so as to match the scraping condition with the planting claws of the rice transplanter, so that a mat-like seedling that can be planted without missing a plant can be produced. Therefore, since there is no shortage of plants when planting, there is no need for manual supplementary planting work,
Moreover, since the number of seedlings per plant is good, the growth after planting is uniform, and it becomes possible to harvest "high quality rice".

In addition, a pair of seed feeding drums are installed side by side on the base equipped with a transporting device for transporting the seedling raising boxes so that they can be rotated synchronously in the front and rear, respectively, and a sowing hole capable of accommodating one seed of seeds on the front and rear drums. Multiple staggered holes are formed and the staggered sowing hole position of the rear drum with respect to the nursery box is set to the clearance of the staggered sowing hole position of the front drum. Sowing can be performed accurately with a simple structure, and the seed feeding roll can be easily manufactured.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 10 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view of a seeder, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is another seed feeding drum. Fourth perspective view showing an example
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a seeding state, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a seeding completion state, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another seeding state, FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 is FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of another sowing state, FIG. 9 is a side view of an example in which the seeder is movable,
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of an example in which a scraper is provided on a feeding drum, FIG. 11 is a side view of a rice transplanter, FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG. Figure, FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a nursery bed, FIGS. 15 and 16 are side views showing a conventional seeder, FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of FIGS. 15 and 16, and FIG. 18 is It is a reference explanatory view. 6 ... Nursery box, 6a ... Nursery bed 20 ... Conveyor, 21 ... Base 22,22a, 23,23a .. Seeding machine 24 ... Hopper 25, 25a, 33 .. Seed feeding drum 26 .. Cover, 27 ... Brush 28 ... Pulley, 29 ... Pulley belt 30 ... Sowing hole, 31 ... Seed

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for sowing by moving a nursery bed in the longitudinal direction or moving a seeding machine on the nursery bed, so that staggered seeding is performed on the upper surface of the nursery box before and after each staggered seeding. A seeding method for nursery beds, characterized in that the gaps are filled with each other. 2. A pair of seed feeding drums are rotatably arranged side by side in a front and rear direction on a base equipped with a feeding device for feeding a nursery box, and seeds for one strain are stored on the peripheral surfaces of the front and rear drums. A sowing device characterized in that a plurality of possible sowing holes are formed in a staggered manner, and the staggered sowing hole position of the rear drum with respect to the nursery box is set to the clearance of the staggered sowing hole position of the front drum.