JPH079579B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument in which an algorithm expressing a sounding mechanism of a musical instrument by a mathematical expression and a table is realized by using a digital electronic circuit.

2. Description of the Related Art Recent advances in digital technology have led to the development of many electronic musical instruments that use digital electronic circuits such as electronic pianos and synthesizers. Among them, an electronic musical instrument has been proposed in which the sounding mechanism of a musical instrument, especially a clarinet, is analyzed and replaced by a digital electronic circuit. The electronic musical instrument as described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a conventional electronic musical instrument. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 51 is a control unit that sends out the mouth pressure data PM and a tone generation start signal, and 52 is calculated based on the data sent from the delay unit 53 and the mouth pressure data PM sent from the control unit 51. The arithmetic unit for transmitting the data to the delay unit 53, 53 writes the data transmitted from the arithmetic unit 52 in the memory, and reads out the written data to the arithmetic unit 52 after a preset time delay. A delay unit, 54 is a digital-to-analog converter that performs digital-to-analog conversion of the data sent from the calculation unit 52, 55 is a sound system that obtains a desired musical tone signal based on the data sent from the digital-analog converter 54, Reference numeral 56 is an adder for adding the intraoral pressure data PM sent from the control unit 51 and the output value of the multiplier 57, 57
Is a multiplier that multiplies the data transmitted from the table 58 and the data transmitted from the adder 59, and 58 is a table that reads the data stored in advance using the data transmitted from the adder 59 as an address, Reference numeral 59 is an adder that adds the intraoral pressure data PM sent from the control unit 51 and the data sent from the delay unit 53.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the delay section 53. Sixth
In the figure, reference numeral 61 is a delay memory for sending the data read from the address counter value sent by the counter 62 as an address to the AND gate 63 and writing the data sent from the arithmetic unit 52, and 62 is the sound output from the control unit 51. When the address signal is reset by the start signal and the address counter value is incremented by 1 at the timing of system lock CK generation, and the address counter value reaches the maximum value (equal to the word length m of the delay memory 61), the carry signal CY is set. 63 counter to send to RS flip 64
Is an AND gate that resets each bit of the data sent from the delay memory 61 by the signal sent from the RS flip-flop 64, and 64 is set by the tone generation start signal sent from the control unit 51 and the counter 62
RS reset by carry signal CY sent from
A flip-flop 65 is a latch that latches the data transmitted from the AND gate 63 by the latch signal LA.

FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the operation of the delay unit 53.

FIG. 8 is a state diagram when a point B of a clarinet, which is a model of a conventional electronic musical instrument, is opened and blown. In FIG. 8, 81 is a cross section of the performer's lip and 82 is a clarinet.

The operation of the electronic musical instrument configured as described above will be described below.

By pressing the key, the pressure data P in the mouth is sent from the control unit 51.
M and a sound generation start signal are transmitted. First, the tone generation start signal is sent to the delay unit 53 to reset the counter 62, and the address counter value 0 is sent to the delay memory 61. The delay memory 61 stores the data Pn, 0 stored at address 0
Send to AND gate 63. Since the sound generation start signal is also input to the S input of the RS flip-flop 64, the RS flip-flop sends the signal "High" to the AND gate 63 and AND63
Is 0 regardless of the data from the delay memory 61
Will be output. The output data of the AND gate 63 is latched by the latch 65 and sent to the adder 59 via the bus 2. In the adder 59, the output data of the latch 65 and the inverted value of the output data PM from the control unit 51 are added,
The addition result is sent to the table 58 and the multiplication unit 57. Data is read from the table 58 by using the data sent to the table 58 as an address, and the multiplier 57 multiplies the data sent from the adder 59. The multiplication result of the multiplier 57 is added to the intraoral pressure data PM sent from the control unit 51 in the adder 56, and the addition result is sent to the delay unit 53 via the bus 1. Then, the data sent from the adder 56 is written in the address 0 of the delay memory. After that, the above operation is cyclically performed as shown in the time chart of FIG. Further, the counter 62 sends out the carry signal CY to the R input of the RS flip-flop 64 when the maximum value of the counter 62, that is, the word length m of the delay memory 61 is reached. The counter 62 counts the address count value from 0 to m-1 after the generation. That is, it corresponds to the initial reset of the delay memory. 8th here
The figure shows a model when a tone hole at the point B of the clarinet is blown. The pressure PM in the lip 81 corresponds to the mouth pressure data PM in FIG. 5, and the pressure Pb of the traveling wave in the pipe.
+ Corresponds to the output data of the adder 56 in FIG. 5, and the pressure Pb− of the reflected wave in the tube corresponds to the input data of the adder 59 in FIG. Also, 21 times twice the distance 1 from the point A to the point B corresponds to the word length m of the delay memory 61 in FIG.

The tone signal obtained by the above operation has a pitch of f / (m × 2) when the system clock is fHz.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, the above-mentioned configuration has a problem in that it is not possible to control the tone of the delay memory, and thus it is not possible to change the pitch in accordance with the equal temperament.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides an electronic musical instrument capable of changing a pitch according to the equal temperament.

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve this object, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention writes data sent from an arithmetic unit in a memory and controls time by delay length control data sent from an exponential converter. A delay unit for reading the data sent from the arithmetic unit after the delay from the memory and sending it again to the arithmetic unit; and an exponential conversion unit for converting the pitch data sent from the control unit into the delay length control data. It is a thing.

Operation With this configuration, for example, pitch data corresponding to the position of the keyboard is exponentially converted by the exponential conversion unit, and the delay length control data that is the exponential conversion result is used as the word length of the delay memory, so that the actual musical instrument can be easily converted. A similar pitch change can be realized.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 11 is a control unit for sending mouth pressure data PM, a tone generation start signal and delay length control data, and 12 is a delay length control which is an exponential conversion result of exponential conversion of the pitch data sent from the control unit 11. The exponent converter 13 for sending data writes the data sent from the calculator 52 into the memory, and at the same time writes the written data after a time delay controlled by the delay length control data sent from the exponent converter 12. It is a delay unit for sending to the reading calculation unit 52. The other blocks are the same as in the conventional example.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the delay unit 13. Second
In the figure, reference numeral 21 compares the address counter value sent from the counter 62 with the delay length control data sent from the exponent converter 12, and when they match, sends a comparison match signal to the R input of the RS flip-flop and the OR gate 22. A comparator,
Reference numeral 22 is an OR gate that takes the logical sum of the tone generation start signal sent from the control unit 11 and the comparison match signal sent from the comparator 21, and sends the output signal to the R input of the counter 62. The other blocks are the same as in the conventional example.

FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of the exponent converter 12. Third
In the figure, reference numeral 31 is an index table in which delay length control data for the pitch data (address) is stored in an index series.

FIG. 4A is a graph plotting the delay length control data stored in the index table 31.

FIG. 4 (B) is a table showing the values of the delay length control data corresponding to each scale when the system is set to 64 kHz.

The operation of the electronic musical instrument configured as described above will be described below. Since the general outline operation is the same as the conventional example, only the operations of the control unit 11, the exponent conversion unit 12, and the delay unit 13 different from the conventional example will be described.

By the key depression operation, the mouth pressure data PM, the tone generation start signal and the pitch data are transmitted. The pitch data is input to the index conversion unit 12 as an address of the index table 31, and the index table
The delay length control data stored in 31 is read out.
The delay length control data is sent to the comparator 21 of the delay unit 13 and is compared with the address counter value sent by the counter 62. When a comparison match is made by the comparison operation, the comparison match signal is the R input of the RS flip-flop 64 and the OR gate.
Sent to 22. The comparison match signal sent to the R input of the RS flip-flop resets the output signal of the RS flip-flop, and as a result, the reset operation of the AND gate 63 is prohibited. That is, from the time when the tone generation start signal is sent from the control section 11 until the counter 62 sets the address counter value to 0 (the value indicated by the delay length control data), the AND gate 63
The output data reset operation will be performed. Also OR
The comparison match signal sent to the gate 22 is input to the R input of the counter 62 to reset the address counter value. That is, the counter 62 cyclically changes the address counter value from 0 to the value indicated by the delay length control data. Here, when the maximum word length of the delay memory is m and the maximum value of the delay length control data is k, m ≧ k is a condition. Next, the value of the delay length control data stored in the index table 31 shown in FIG.
It represents a half-wavelength delay value when it is set to 64 kHz. For example, for the scale C ₀ , it can be seen from the formula of 6 kHz / (7A5h × 2) = 16 Hz that a tone signal with a pitch of 16 Hz can be generated. Similarly, an equal tempered scale can be realized for the entire range.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, for example, the pitch data corresponding to the keyboard position is exponentially converted using the exponent table 31, and further the delay length control data as the exponential conversion result and the output value of the counter 62. By executing the comparison operation with the address counter value, the delay length control data becomes equal to the word length of the delay memory, and as a result, the pitch change according to the equal temperament scale can be realized.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided an exponential conversion unit for converting the pitch data sent from the control unit into the delay length control data, and the delay length control data is stored in the delay memory of the delay unit. By making the length long, it is possible to realize the pitch change according to the equal temperament scale, and the practical effect is great.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a delay unit 13, FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an exponential conversion unit 12, and FIG. A graph plotting the stored delay length control data, FIG. 4 (B) is a diagram showing the values of the delay length control data corresponding to each scale when the system clock is 64 kHz, and FIG.
The figure is a block diagram of a conventional electronic musical instrument, and Fig. 6 is a delay section.
53 is a circuit diagram, FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the operation of the delay unit 53, and FIG. 8 is a state diagram when the point B of the clarinet is opened and blown. 11,51 …… Control part, 12 …… Index conversion part, 13,53…
… Delay unit, 21 …… Comparator, 22 …… OR gate, 31 ……
Exponent table, 52 ... Calculation unit, 54 ... Digital-analog converter, 55 ... Sound system, 56, 59 ... Adder, 57 ... Multiplier, 58 ... Table, 61 ... Delay memory, 62 ... … Counter, 63… AND gate, 64… RS flip-flop, 65… Latch, 81… Performer's lip, 82… Cross section of clarinet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A controller unit for transmitting mouth pressure data, a tone generation start signal and pitch data, and addition of data obtained by inverting the mouth pressure data sent from the controller unit and data sent from a delay unit. , The data read from the table using the addition result in the addition as an address and the addition result are multiplied, and the addition result and the mouth pressure data sent from the controller unit are added, and the addition result in the addition To the delay unit, the data D sent from the calculating unit is written in the memory, and the data D is sent from the memory after a time delay controlled by the delay length control data sent from the exponential conversion unit. The delay unit that reads out and sends again to the arithmetic unit and the pitch data sent from the control unit It consists of a exponential conversion unit that converts the delay length control data, the electronic musical instrument wherein the exponential conversion unit is characterized in that it consists of a memory for storing a delay length control data to an exponential series form.