JPH0797030B2 - Positioning method of pile driving by pile driving ship - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a pile driving and positioning method by a pile driving ship used for water bottom foundation pile driving required for land reclamation work and construction of offshore structures. (Prior Art) Techniques for floating a work boat on the sea and driving a sheet pile or a pile at a predetermined position include, for example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-26165, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-3511, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 50- The one disclosed in 140159 is known. Among them, the technology disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. Sho 60-26165 relates to the direction of the ship in the marine civil engineering, the positioning method and the positioning device, in order to make the continuous wall body by injecting the hardening material into the soft ground. It is necessary to have continuity of the continuous wall body, for that purpose, using a gyro compass, an optical distance meter, a laser emitter, a laser reflector, and a laser receiver to improve the measurement accuracy, and at the same time, to make the measurement and to determine the ship's direction. It is something that can be done in. Further, the technology disclosed in JP-A-60-3511,
Regarding the automatic measurement and control method for the position, attitude and parallel movement of a pile driving ship, it is assumed that there was a floating continuous landfill method that used a conventional large-scale computer and many measuring devices. It is not suitable for work, and an automatic collimation device is also attached to the reflector side of only one set of automatic collimation lightwave side angle rangefinders, and the data is processed by means such as optical fiber communication line and measured. The precision is improved so that it can be applied to work under the sea. In this method, the reflection of light is used, so interference of light waves must be taken into consideration, and by attaching a reflector to the pile driving ship, the position of the pile driving ship itself is determined and the pile driving position is determined. Since it is calculated, it is inevitable that the error becomes large. Further, the technology described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-140159 transmits the image of the pile to the monitor on the work boat from the survey TV camera via the cable for remote control and transmission, and the image of the pile on the monitor is transmitted. The pile position is confirmed by watching and aligning the image with the image of the crosshairs on the monitor. With this method, positioning from a remote location is difficult because there are restrictions on the cable for remote control and transmission of the TV camera, and since it is controlled by remote control after the TV camera is set, work can be performed. Even if the camera position goes wrong, it cannot be discriminated. Furthermore, since the deviation amount from the pile driving design image position is not displayed numerically, highly accurate positioning cannot be expected. In particular, when the size of the pile is large, the image of the pile may stick out of the monitor screen or may be displayed on the full screen, making it difficult to align the crosshairs on the monitor with the centerline of the pile, thus resulting in low accuracy. Can only be positioned. In addition, the so-called forward meeting method, which uses the most popular normal optical equipment, sets up two measurements on land, installs optical equipment (theodolite) on it, collimates, and uses a transceiver etc. to collimate the intersection. The operation of the pile driving ship is repeated by guiding the pile driving ship to the pile driving position, and the pile driving position is determined by stopping the pile driving position. In this method, the amount of pile position deviation is determined by the combination of the work of the person who sends the position information by observing at the station and the operator (one compromises the information of the other) and the observer's own visual observation of the station. It depends on your judgment. These various conventional technologies are
It can be roughly divided into a method using a computer and a method based on collimation using an optical device, but in each case, there were few measures for minimizing the pile position deviation amount. This was because the allowable amount of pile position deviation required by conventional offshore structures or landfill technology was relatively large (a few tens of cm was normal). Therefore, if it is later found that the pile position deviation amount is large, part of the pile upper foundation structure is redesigned to increase the structural material and the concrete thickness is changed, and the load of the upper structure is increased. It was adjusted so that the pile upper foundation structure would receive it evenly. Such modifications cause waste of labor for redesign, loss of construction time, and loss of materials, but until now, they have been accepted based on comprehensive cost judgment.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, unlike the above-mentioned conventional positioning for driving sheet piles and ground hardening for making continuous wall bodies, or driving piles for bridge foundations, etc., this point leads to the fact that it directly reaches the seabed at a specific position as a prop as a marine structure. As for the piles to be used, it has been required to devise extremely high precision (the amount of displacement of the pile position is several millimeters to several centimeters). For example, the connecting bridge that connects the offshore artificial island and the opposite shore requires shortening the construction period and extremely high-precision construction that was not possible in the past.To shorten the construction period, it is necessary to change the design of offshore structures and drop extra materials. In order to avoid this, the position accuracy of the foundation pile is set to be extremely high. That is, in this offshore structure, a large number of foundation piles are driven at predetermined intervals (may be several tens) to form the foundation of one bridge strut, and their heads are projected above the seabed. Then, the foundation structure that will be the base of the seabed is covered from above. This foundation structure is completed on land, and the back side of the foundation structure is formed with recesses at predetermined intervals into which the heads of the foundation piles are to be fitted. Also the position between each pile)
However, if it deviates by several centimeters or more, the head of the foundation pile is not properly fitted into the foundation structure, so that extremely high accuracy is required for pile positioning. However, once the foundation structure is successfully attached to the head of the foundation pile, the above-mentioned huge bridge built on top of it does not use supplementary materials in the size and position as designed. It can be built in a short period of time. Therefore, there has been a demand for a highly accurate pile driving and positioning method using a pile driving ship, which satisfies the demands for a new and rational construction for a marine structure as described above. The object of the present invention is to meet such a need.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, a pile driving positioning method using a pile driving ship according to the present invention is characterized by being configured by the following elements A to G. A. Set two measuring points, A and B, which are separated from each other in the front of the approximately right-angled direction around the planned stakeout position. B. An electronic theodolite 8 for each of these measurement points A and B
9 and 9 and radio transmitters 10 and 11 are installed as electronic total stations. C. Pile driving ship with anchor setting at the position opposite to the measurement point A point and the B point around the planned pile driving position 6
Is anchored so that the position can be finely adjusted in the front-rear and left-right directions, and the pile 12 is held by the leader 6 '. D. The pile driving ship 6 is equipped with a computer 7 and a display 7A connected to the computer 7, and the computer 7 has associated numerical values of pile planned position coordinates and the above-mentioned measurement point A point and second point coordinates and pile various values. Enter the original. E. The electronic theodolites 8 and 9 simultaneously collimate and track specific locations of the pile 12, and the position data of the pile 12 is constantly transmitted to the pile driving ship 6 in real time by the wireless transmitters 10 and 11. . F. The position data of the pile 12 sent from the wireless transmitters 10 and 11 is processed by the computer 7 mounted on the pile driving ship 6, and the pile position is displayed on the display 7A. G. Looking at the planned pile driving position and the pile position of the pile driving ship displayed on the display 7A, the pile driving ship 6 is operated to position the pile 12 at the predetermined pile driving position.

[Action]

According to the above-mentioned composition, positioning at the time of pile driving can be performed with high accuracy as follows. That is, after setting the anchorage of the position of the pile driving ship 6, the observers at station A and station B simultaneously collimate and track with the electronic theodolites 8 and 9, respectively. It collimates itself at the specific location, and the data is constantly transmitted to the pile driving ship 6 in real time by the wireless transmitters 10 and 11, and this data is processed by the computer 7 and displayed on the display 7A. The operator operates the pile driving ship 6 (anchor winch operation) by looking at the displayed pile 12 position to match the pile 12 position of the pile driving ship 6 with the pile driving design position.
At this time, every time the pile driving ship 6 is operated, the position of the pile driving ship 6 and the pile
Although the correlation with 12 positions changes, the electronic theodolite 8
Since the data of 9 and 9 are always sent in real time, there is no problem in displaying the position of the pile 12 appearing on the display 7A. Since the observer who operates the electronic theodolites 8 and 9 only collimates a specific portion of the pile 12, the observation data is transmitted as compared with the conventional method in which the observation data is transmitted by a transceiver or the like. The above error is negligible.

【Example】

Examples of the present invention will be described below. In this example,
This is a case where a pile driving work boat is used to drive a foundation pile for constructing a multi-functional bridge at sea. First, as shown in Fig. 1, the impact of pile driving vibration in two directions at right angles to the pier core to be constructed is relatively small.
Install two solid marine survey stations 1 and 2 at a distance of 100m. Next, automatic surveying platform and subsidence due to waves,
For the purpose of preventing movement, a load of 20 to 30 tons is applied to the tops of the surveying stands 1 and 2 after installation to deal with the initial uneven settlement. Next, the measurement of the coordinate values and level heights of the station A and B of the surveying stations 1 and 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, land reference points (known points) 3, 4 and 5
Alternatively, depending on the known observation point, a high-precision measuring point A and B are installed on the surveying stands 1 and 2 by using an appropriate so-called angle measuring instrument. Then, leveling is also performed in parallel, and the level heights of the measuring points A and B on the surveying stations 1 and 2 are also measured. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the measured values of the measuring points A and B on the survey platforms 1 and 2 are converted into polar coordinate values with the center of the pier to be constructed as the origin. Next, the polar coordinate values, level heights, etc., are input to the computer 7 with the display 7A provided on the pile driving ship 6 in the following items. 1. Pier No. P-00. 2. Pile diameter Φ0,000m / m: Pile length = 00.000: Pile weight W = 00.000 3. Pile No. 00: Plan coordinate value X = ± 00.0000; Y = ± 00.000 Planned sky Edge height DL−0.000: Planned bottom height DL−00.000 4. Survey table coordinate point coordinate point A point X = ± 000.0000; Y = ± 000.00
0: Otsu point X = ± 000.000; Y = 000.000 5. Surveying table survey point level Higher point DL = ± 0.000; Otsu point DL = ± 0.00
0 (In addition, the display of the level DL may be another display.) Next, the pile driving ship 6 is roughly positioned.
For this purpose, electronic theodolites 8 and 9 will be installed on the measuring points A and B on the two surveying stations 1 and 2, respectively, which have been recently developed. Unlike conventional collimation only, it is configured to output its observation data digitally, and is used in the field of land surveying. In the present invention, the electronic theodolite (angle measuring device) 8 and 9 are wireless transmitters as an electronic total station.
10 and 11 are connected so that collimated observation data can be transmitted to the pile driving ship 6 in real time. First, as shown in FIG. 4, anchor setting is performed at a roughly installed position of the pile driving ship 6 at a position facing the front toward the station A for convenience of maneuvering. This anchor setting refers to throwing the anchor of wire connection into the pile driving ship 6 to the front, rear, left and right (about 200m), connecting the wire of each anchor to the winch, and driving each winch to drive the pile. The front, rear, left and right positions of the ship 6 are finely adjusted. Next, the pile 12 is vertically suspended from the leader 6'of the pile driving ship 6, and the leader 6'is also vertically aligned with the leader 12 'to set the holder. Then, when the setting of the pile 16 on the pile driving ship 6 is completed, the observer on the survey tables 1 and 2 confirms the verticality of the pile 12 by the electronic theodolites 8 and 9. Get confirmation. In order to display the ship position of the pile driving ship 6 on the display 7A of the computer 7, the observer is instructed to perform the observation,
Data is input to the computer 7. After that, the ship position of the pile driving ship 6 is secured at a predetermined position according to the guidance of the observer. Next, the positioning of the pile 12, which is the object of the present invention, will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram thereof. The position of the above-mentioned pile driving ship 6 is anchored,
If the verticality of the stake 12 is confirmed, as shown in FIG. 3, the observers of the station A and station B are the electronic theodolites 8 and 9, respectively. Forefront (BS) the opposite measurement points and shake the angles (α and β) to the planned position of the pile to be placed. However, the angles α and β
Is the angle formed by the inner angle surface of the pile 12 and the line connecting the measuring point A and the measuring point B as shown in FIG. That is, in the electronic theodolites 8 and 9, the pile as a specific portion of the pile 12 is
Each of the 12 inner surfaces (the A-point observer takes the left-side tangent in the collimation direction and the B-point observer takes the right-side tangent) is collimated, and the position data of the pile 12 is obtained. The radio transmitters 10 and 11 constantly pile the pile driving ship 6 in real time.
To send to. Next, the observer transmits the digital data of the eye-measured numerical value and the direction until the radio telescope crosshair vertical lines of the electronic theodolites (angle measuring devices) 8 and 9 and the outer surface of the stake 12 match with each other, and the wireless transmitters 10 and 11 are used. The information is sent to the computer 7 of the pile driving ship 6 by the operator, and as shown in FIG. 7, the operator operates the anchor of the pile driving ship 6 so that the position of the pile 12 approaches the planned pile position on the display 7A. The winch is operated to perform the primary positioning of the pile 12. At this time, on the display 7A of the computer 7, the anchor winch operates until the position of the pile 12 of the pile driving ship 6 matches the pile planned position. Such correction of the position of the pile 12 can be performed only by the judgment of the operator of the pile driving ship 6, and the accuracy can theoretically be adjusted to the accuracy of millimeter unit. Then, if the pile planned position matches the pile driving position, slowly lower the pile 12, land it on the seabed, repeat the observation until the weight of the pile itself and the self-settling by the weight of the hammer are repeated, and send the data to check the abnormality of the pile 12. Try to find the deviation. Although the electronic theodolites 8 and 9 have been described as goniopods, they may have the function of rangefinders. Further, the positional relationship between the center of the pier and the survey platforms 1 and 2 may be an L-shaped arrangement as shown in FIG. Further, as the specific point collimation of the pile 12, instead of the inner angle plane collimation of the pile 12 as shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 9,
The outer angle plane collimation method may be adopted. Alternatively, marking may be made on a specific portion of the pile 12 itself, and this may be collimated.

【The invention's effect】

According to the pile driving positioning method by the pile driving ship according to the present invention, in the estimated foundation pile driving required for the harbor reclamation work or the construction of the offshore structure, the conventional foundation piles which have been difficult by the simple display operation are used. The positioning can be theoretically performed with extremely high accuracy of a few millimeters to a few centimeters, which allows for the above-mentioned reasons without having to change the design of marine structures such as bridges built on piles or to drop extra materials. In addition to being able to complete it, the construction period was drastically shortened and the cost was reduced, resulting in the remarkable effect that the requirements of the construction method for a completely new rational offshore structure as described above can be satisfied. .

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a pile driving positioning method by a pile driving ship according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a survey table setting method, and FIG. 2 is a measuring point coordinate setting method. A plan view, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a pile coordinate setting method, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a marine vessel maneuvering state, FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing collimation and data transmission, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the inner angle plane collimation, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the display surface, FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another form of installation of the survey table, and FIG.
It is a top view which shows the external angle collimation of another form. Measurement points …… Instep points, B points, electronic theodolites …… 8,9, wireless transmitters …… 10,11, pile driving vessels …… 6, leader …… 6 ′, piles …… 1
2, computer ... 7, display ... 7A.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-56-89008 (JP, A) JP-A-58-90117 (JP, A) JP-A-59-221612 (JP, A) JP-A-61- 254815 (JP, A) Actually opened 58-39581 (JP, U) Actually opened 60-37811 (JP, U)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pile driving and positioning method using a pile driving ship comprising the following elements A to G. A. Set two measurement points A and B apart from each other in the front in the direction substantially at the right angle around the planned pile driving position. B. Electronic theodolite 8 for each of these points A and B
9 and 9 and radio transmitters 10 and 11 are installed as electronic total stations. C. Pile driving ship with anchor setting at the position opposite to the survey point A point and B point around the planned pile driving position 6
Is anchored so that the position can be finely adjusted in the front-rear and left-right directions, and the pile 12 is held by the leader 6 '. D. The pile driving ship 6 is equipped with a computer 7 and a display 7A connected to the computer 7, and the computer 7 has associated numerical values of pile planned position coordinates and the above-mentioned measurement point A point and second point coordinates and pile various values. Enter the original. E. The electronic theodolites 8 and 9 simultaneously collimate and track specific locations of the pile 12, and the position data of the pile 12 is constantly transmitted to the pile driving ship 6 in real time by the wireless transmitters 10 and 11. . F. The position data of the pile 12 sent from the wireless transmitters 10 and 11 is processed by the computer 7 mounted on the pile driving ship 6, and the pile position is displayed on the display 7A. G. Looking at the planned pile driving position and the pile position of the pile driving ship displayed on the display 7A, the pile driving ship 6 is operated to position the pile 12 at the predetermined pile driving position. 2. A pile driving by a pile driving ship according to claim 1, wherein the collimation of a specific portion of the pile 12 is a tangent line of an inner angle surface to the pile 12 of the electronic theodolites 8 and 9. Installation and positioning method. 3. The pile driving by a pile driving ship according to claim 1, wherein the collimation of a specific portion of the pile 12 is a tangent line of an outer angle surface to the pile 12 of the electronic theodolites 8 and 9. Installation and positioning method. 4. A method for positioning a pile by a pile driving ship according to claim 1, wherein the collimation of a specific portion of the pile 12 is a marking provided on the pile 12.