JPH081316B2 - House - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention configures the entire space of an air cycle house into one closed space, and supplies fresh air to this space in a heat-exchanged state, and also an underfloor space. The present invention relates to a house that can perform a safe and hygienic air cycle without being affected by outside air conditions by providing a soil heating structure for the soil.

[Conventional technology]

Houses of this kind of structure either had an air cycle only by natural ventilation, or had one forced circulation device interposed in this structure.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, if the air cycle house with the previous configuration only heats a limited room, such as during the winter,
The entire house was not air cycled. This is because the interior wall surface and ceiling of a house and the shoji on the corridor side are heated by only one room in the house, and only the internal space in this part rises in temperature, which causes an air cycle for the entire house. However, there is a drawback in that the warm air that has risen is cooled to a certain height by other cold air, the rise stops, and dew condensation occurs. Of course, since the stove and the like are on the floor, in the air cycle space in the vicinity, dew condensation is immediately caused by contact between cold air in the underfloor space and the like and air heated at high humidity by the stove and the like.
It had the drawback of accelerating the corrosion of the base and the heat insulating material (wetting the glass wool with a rag). Further, since heating is only partially performed in the winter, when the resident moves between the rooms, the difference in temperature and heat causes a heat shock, which is unfavorable for health.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to eliminate such a defect, the present invention has an earth floor heating structure for the soil of the underfloor space, and disperses the heat generated by the earth floor heating structure over the entire house to prevent heat shock, and the underfloor space has an underfloor ventilation opening. And a heat exchanger are installed, and a fresh living environment is created by taking in fresh air from the underfloor vent through the heat exchanger to the interior of the house, and the attic space and heat exchanger are connected by pipes. Then, the heat efficiency is improved by exchanging heat between the air taken in from the underfloor ventilation port and the air released from the attic space to the outside via the heat exchanger. The resulting fresh air is discharged to the soil heating structure in the underfloor space to increase the supply pressure and the rising force of the heating in the soil heating structure, and the suction force of exhausting the air in the attic space. , It is intended to propose a house to carry out the air cycle of the entire house.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a house according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are functional explanatory views showing only a main part of a house A according to the present invention.
Is an attic space, 2 is a living space, 3 is an underfloor space, and 4 is an inner / outer wall space. That is, the attic space 1, the living space 2, the underfloor space 3, and the inner and outer wall spaces 4 are spaces inside the house A,
The attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3 are connected by an inner and outer wall space 4. In addition, the inner / outer wall space 4 is a space in which one layer or a plurality of layers are formed on the inner wall 5 and the outer wall 6, and as shown in FIGS.
In the case of a layer, the outer wall 6 may be formed into an outer heat insulating structure using a material having a heat insulating property, or as shown in FIG. 2, the inner and outer wall spaces 4 may be two or more layers and have a heat collecting wall such as mortar. It is composed of one of passive air cycles. The inner wall 5 is a plaster board, a mortar wall, a wooden board,
It is made of one kind such as concrete. Underfloor space 3
Is a space from the dirt floor 7 to the floor 8, and the heat exchanger 10 connected to the underfloor ventilation port 9 and the attic space 1 as described later.
In addition, the earth floor 7 has an earth heating structure 11. This earth heating structure 11 not only heats the air in the underfloor space 3 but also blocks moisture from the ground from entering the house A. As shown in FIG.
It is composed of 12, concrete layer 13, and hot water pipe 16. To further explain, the heat insulating layer 12 is a polystyrene foam, a polyurethane foam, a rigid plastic foam such as phenol foam having a closed cell foaming structure having a compressive strength of about 30 to 100 kg / m ² , or an ALC plate, It is made of at least one kind of wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, etc., and has a thickness of about 10 to 100 mm. The heat insulating layer 12 is for preventing the heat from being released to the ground when hot water is passed through the hot water pipe 16 to heat the soil. When the heat insulating layer 12 is made of a hard plastic foam having a closed cell foam structure, etc., it has moisture resistance and does not allow water from the ground to enter the house A. When a wettable material is used, it is preferable to lay a moisture-proof sheet 18 as shown by a chain double-dashed line or in the middle (not shown) between the heat insulating layer 12 and the concrete layer 13. The concrete layer 13 functions as a heat storage material and a heat dispersion material from the hot water pipe 16, and by burying the hot water pipe 16, water should be stored in the hot water pipe 16, which freezes and the hot water pipe 16 bursts. It also helps to prevent it. The concrete layer 13 is divided into a reinforced base concrete layer 14 and a soil concrete layer 15 for convenience.
The reinforced base concrete layer 14 is a layer mainly for facilitating the piping of the hot water pipe 16. The reinforcing base concrete layer 14 can also be formed by using concrete or by using a PC board. Moreover, the soil concrete layer 15 functions as a heat radiating portion for burying the hot water pipe 16 and for uniformly heating the air in the underfloor space 3. The hot water pipe 16 is, for example, shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
It is preferable that the heat source 17 and the entrance / exit on the reinforcing base concrete layer 14 be covered with a heat insulating material 19 as shown in FIG. This hot water pipe 16
It consists of copper pipes, plastic pipes, etc., and is for heating the soil by passing antifreeze liquid, heat medium gas, etc. inside. The heat exchanger 10 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), and in the winter, when the air in the house A is released and the fresh air outside is taken in the house A, It exchanges heat to reduce energy loss.
To further explain, the heat exchanger 10 is connected to the underfloor ventilation port 9 and also connected to the attic space 1 by a pipe 20. That is, the heat exchanger 10 connects the duct 10a for intake from the outside and the duct 10b for exhaust to the outside with the underfloor ventilation port 9, and the duct 10c connects the fresh air taken from the duct 10a to the underfloor space 3 To be released inside,
The duct 10d is connected to the pipe 20. Note that pipe 2
At 0, there is a fan 2 for sucking the air inside the attic space 1.
1, underfloor ventilation port 9, or underfloor ventilation port 9 and heat exchanger 10
A fan 22 is arranged between them. This is because, by forcibly supplying and exhausting air inside the house A by the fans 21 and 22, the flow of air inside the house A is forcibly created and the temperature and humidity inside the house A can be controlled. Is. twenty three
Is an attic ventilation vent provided in the attic space 1 and at least one is provided for radiating heat and humidity in the house A in the summer. The attic ventilation opening 23 has at least an opening / closing device (not shown), and has a function of blocking during the winter so as not to release the heat in the house A. In addition, if necessary, the backside ventilation port
It is possible to dispose an attic ventilation fan at 23 to forcibly discharge the warm air rising in the attic space 1 to the outside in the summer.

Here, regarding the air flow in the house A, FIG. 1 (a),
This will be described with reference to FIG. Fig. 1 (a) shows the air flow in the winter season with arrows.
Is operated to close the backside ventilation opening 23. In this state, fresh air outside is forcibly taken in by the fan 22 from the underfloor ventilation port 9 and is supplied to the underfloor space 3 via the heat exchanger 10. The air is warmed by the earth heating structure 11 in the underfloor space 3, and the rising force caused by the warming and the supply pressure of the air supplied from the outside raises the inside and outside wall spaces 4 and the living space 2 to warm them. As a result, the habitability is improved, and ascending while preventing dew condensation to reach the attic space 1. The air in the attic space 1 is sucked by the fan 21, passes through the pipe 20 and the heat exchanger 10, and is discharged from the underfloor ventilation port 9 to the outside. At this time, heat is exchanged with the air taken in from the outside via the heat exchanger 10, and the heat loss in the house A can be greatly reduced. Thus, in winter, the entire house is warm and the heat loss can be reduced, so that the house A is low cost and has no heat shock. In addition, FIG. 1 (b) shows the air flow in the summer, and the backside ventilation port 23
Open the soil heating structure 11, and stop the fan 21,
Moreover, the exhaust through the heat exchanger 10 is stopped. In this case, the outside fresh air is blown from the underfloor ventilation port 9 to the fan 22.
Underfloor space 3 through heat exchanger 10
Will be released. On the other hand, in the attic space 1, the attic ventilation port 23
To release air to the outside. Therefore, in the inner and outer wall spaces 4 and the living space 2, the flow of air from the underfloor space 3 to the attic space 1 is generated due to the ascending force of the heating by the sunlight, and heat and moisture are removed from the attic space. The house A is released from the ventilation port 23 and can cool the living space 2 by the cool air and fresh air in the underfloor space 3. In this case, since the heat exchanger 10 functions only as a duct that does not perform heat exchange, the air discharged to the underfloor space 3 remains as the outside cold air and becomes a cool house A.

What has been described above is only one example of the house A according to the present invention, and it is shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to (d) on the dirt floor 7 of the underfloor space 3.
A distribution pipe 24 as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) is provided and connected to the heat exchanger 10 so that fresh air outside can be uniformly dispersed in the underfloor space 3. It is possible. That is, in FIGS. 6A to 6D, a pipe made of metal or plastic is formed into an antenna shape as shown in FIG. 6A, and as shown in FIGS. Square, oval, and circular slits, respectively
A dispersion pipe 24 having 24a. FIG. 7 (a),
(B) is a material having voids composed of a continuous structure, for example, glass fiber, plastic fiber, mineral fiber,
From a fibrous material such as metal fiber, polyurethane foam having an open cell structure, synthetic resin foam such as polyurea foam, porous ceramic, etc. formed in a pipe shape such as a ring shape, a square shape, a triangular shape, a polygonal shape, etc. This is the dispersion pipe 24 arranged as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). In particular, in the case of the dispersion pipe 24 shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), since the void of the communicating tissue serves as the slit 24a, it is assumed that air is released at equal pressure in any part of the dispersion pipe 24. Become. Further, as the heat source 17, a heat pump type capable of heating and cooling is used, and by passing a cold heat medium through the hot water pipe 16 in the summer, the house A
It is also possible to cool the. Furthermore, it is also possible to spread crushed stones on the dirt floor 7 to improve the heat storage and heat radiation effect of the dirt floor heating structure 11. It is also possible to arrange a fan (not shown) in the inner and outer wall spaces 4 to promote a smoother air flow. Moreover, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, smoke sensors, etc. are installed in the attic space 1, the living space 2, the underfloor space 3, and the inner and outer wall spaces 4, and the attic ventilation opening 23, the fan 21,
It is also possible to control 22.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the house of the present invention, the cool air in the underfloor space and the fresh air outside are circulated in the summer, so that the living space is cool and has a good habitability.
In winter, the indoor space is warmed by rising air warmed by the soil heating structure. In addition, the fresh air outside is supplied to the underfloor space while being warmed by the heat exchanger, so there is little heat loss. The forced air cycle ensures that the air cycle is performed and the effect can be obtained. Since air moves in the inner and outer wall spaces, it is possible to prevent the formation of dew condensation and also the formation of mold and mites. The air in the living space is fresh air from the outside and is hygienic. The heat exchanger is commonly used to reduce heat loss due to heat exchange in winter and to release fresh air to the underfloor space as it is in summer, so that the facility cost can be reduced. The air that is heat-exchanged and released to the outside is air in the attic space that is not normally used, so that the thermal efficiency is improved. There are effects and features such as.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory views showing an embodiment of a house according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the outer wall structure,
FIGS. 3 and 4 (a) and (b) are explanatory views for explaining the soil heating structure, FIGS. 5 (a) and (b) are explanatory views showing an example of the heat exchanger, and FIG. 6 (a). )-(D), FIG. 7 (a),
(B), FIG. 8 (a), (b) is an explanatory view showing another embodiment. A: house, 1 ... hut back space, 2 ... living space, 3 ...
… Underfloor space, 4 …… Inner and outer wall space, 9 …… Underfloor ventilation port, 10
…… Heat exchanger, 11 …… Soil heating structure, 23 …… Venue ventilation.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An underfloor space, a living space, and an attic space are communicated with each other, and an outer wall structure having a heat insulating property is used as an outer wall material to connect the underfloor space to the attic space between the inner wall and the outer wall. In an air-cycled house that has an outer insulation wall structure with inner and outer wall spaces or a passive air cycle structure, the above-mentioned connected space is a closed space, the earth floor space is an earth heating structure, and the underfloor space is an underfloor space. A ventilation opening and a heat exchanger are provided, an attic ventilation opening is provided in the attic space, and the heat exchanger and the attic space are connected by a pipe having a fan, and the heat exchanger and the underfloor ventilation opening are connected. A house characterized by connecting to each other via a fan.