JPH081354B2 - Spray nozzle for fluid distribution - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improved fluid distribution system, and more particularly to a fluid distribution spray nozzle for use at the outlet of the floor of a fluid sump for use in the field of evaporative water cooling towers.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Evaporative water cooling towers that have been used for many years to release heat to the atmosphere have been known in the art. There are many types of evaporative water cooling towers, such as a backflow forced draft type, a backflow induced draft type, a crossflow forced draft type, a crossflow induced draft type, and a hyperbolic type.

Evaporative water cooling towers are used in various fields of application, such as supplying cold water in food processing operations, paper manufacturing and chemical manufacturing. An application for very large areas of cooling towers is comfortable cooling or air conditioning. In these systems, evaporative cooling equipment is used to supply the cooling water required for the condensing operation of the refrigeration system.

Cross-flow evaporative cooling towers could be used for either comfortable cooling or industrial cooling equipment. Cross-flow cooling towers typically include heat transfer surfaces, many of which are bundled together and supported by a cooling tower structure. Water is distributed by gravity downwards through the filling sheet from the distribution system and spreads over the filling sheet to maximize the surface area of the water.
As water flows down the fill sheet, air is drawn across it or blows through the fill sheet in a direction that is 90 ° diverted from the direction of water flow. When air comes into contact with water, heat and mass transfer occur simultaneously, and some of the water evaporates into the air. The energy required for the evaporation of water is supplied by the sensible heat of the water that is not evaporated. Therefore, the temperature of the non-evaporated water remaining in the cross-flow cooling tower is lowered and cooling is performed. The cooled water remaining in the cross-flow cooling tower is usually collected in a cold water reservoir located at the bottom of the cross-flow cooling tower. Water from the cold sump is pumped back to the heat source, where it absorbs excess waste heat to be released to the atmosphere. Air containing evaporated water is discharged from the cross-flow cooling tower.

The design of the water distribution system in the cross-flow cooling tower is important for the maximum operating efficiency of this equipment. The purpose of the distribution system is to evenly distribute the hot water to be cooled to the underlying heat transfer surface. The uneven distribution of water on the heat transfer surface reduces the effective air-to-water interface area required for heat transfer. Poor distribution of the hot water to be cooled impedes the air flow through the overflow area of the heat transfer medium and causes air to flow into the low water area of the medium.

[0006] Dispensing systems are usually designed to receive water from the top and distribute it to spray nozzles in a sump. The distribution system used for cross-flow cooling towers is usually
It is a gravity feed type. Systems of this type typically have a sump, or distribution pan, located in an upper position across the top of a heat transfer medium with nozzles or orifices arranged in a pattern on the bottom. Start to grow.

The spray nozzle operates so that water contained in the water reservoir passes through the bottom of the water reservoir and is divided into water droplets to evenly distribute the water droplets on the upper surface of the heat transfer medium. The amount of water that passes through the nozzle depends on the size and type of the nozzle and the water pressure above the nozzle. For ease of design and manufacture, it is desirable to limit the nozzle to one size and type for a given sump. As a result, the main variable affecting the amount of water passing through the various nozzles in the sump is the water pressure above the nozzles. Therefore, uniform water pressure above the nozzles throughout the distribution system is important for uniform water distribution.

Spray nozzles come in a variety of designs to obtain a uniform downward spray toward the fill sheet. Due to water flow and turbulence, it is desirable to hold the spray nozzle securely in the bottom opening of the sump. It is also desirable that the spray nozzle be removable to facilitate replacement, repair and regular maintenance should the nozzle become damaged.

One type of spray nozzle is US Pat. No. 4,
No. 055,305. The nozzle includes an upper shaft retained within an opening in a concrete cooling tower sump. The upper shaft has protruding teeth that hold the nozzle in place.

Another known spray nozzle, shown in US Pat. No. 3,617,036, has an upper cylindrical jacket that fits into an opening in the cooling tower sump floor. The jacket has a plurality of longitudinally aligned tabs and a plurality of triangular tabs protruding from the jacket outer surface. The triangular tabs are compressed or folded when the spray nozzle pushes down into the opening. The triangular tab is one edge of the triangle and is joined to the flat top surface across the jacket, but parallel to the bottom surface of the cooling tower sump floor adjacent to the opening, so the triangular tab opens the spray nozzle to the opening. When removed from, it is separated from the triangle.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid dispensing spray nozzle that is inserted into the water receiving opening of a sump.

[0012]

A spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to the present invention used for a distribution fluid reservoir outside a cooling tower has a substantially circular and flat cap portion, and a support portion extending downward from the lower surface of the cap portion. , A diffusion part, the diffusion part including two legs extending downward from both edges of the support part, and
And a bottom portion having a dispersion member connecting the two legs. The support includes locking tabs on each outer surface of the legs, each locking tab comprised of a generally rectangular flat tab connected to the legs along the bottom edge. Each fixing tab is inclined outward from the leg by a certain angle and extends upward. The locking tab of the fluid dispensing spray nozzle is elastically folded over the leg along its bottom edge. The spray nozzle is made of injection moldable thermoplastic. The locking tabs are a plurality of undivided tabs vertically aligned at regular intervals along the outer surface of each leg. The locking tabs allow elastic folding movement upwards along the bottom edge with respect to the legs, and the spray nozzle can be inserted into the receiving opening formed by the cut-out edge of the fluid reservoir. The diameter of the receiving opening is slightly larger than the diameter of the support of the spray nozzle, and the locking tab is bent upward when it penetrates the receiving opening and contacts the cutout edge. The locking tab is elastically bent downwards along the bottom edge to allow the spray nozzle to be removed from the receiving opening. The spray nozzle is inserted into a receiving opening formed by the cutout edge of the fluid reservoir. At least one of the locking tabs on each leg is folded upwards relative to the leg, held in place by an adjacent portion of the edge of the cutout and has a slip fit within the receiving opening. The spray nozzle is inserted into the receiving opening formed by the cutout edge of the fluid reservoir. The uppermost locking knob on each leg contacts the underside of the fluid reservoir adjacent the cutout to hold the fluid dispensing spray nozzle in a slip fit within the receiving opening.

[0013]

The spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to the present invention has a circular cap portion whose lower surface is supported by the outer edge portion around the water receiving opening. A substantially circular support extends downwardly from the bottom surface of the cap and fits within the water receiving opening. Two legs extend downwardly from both sides of the support, forming a U-shaped structure with each lower end connected by a bottom. The preferred embodiment has two legs, but three, four or more legs can be used.

Each leg, and if more than one leg is selected, includes a plurality of locking tabs that project outwardly from the outer surface of the leg. Each fixing tab is a flat rectangular piece or square piece whose upper edge is connected to the outer surface of the leg.

Of course, the spray nozzles described above are often made from thermoplastics, such as polypropylene, in an injection molding machine, and the locking tabs cannot be joined to the upper edge by any fixing means or medium. It can be molded by projecting slightly outward from the leg as an integral part.

The locking tab is flexible and can be bent flush with the outer surface of the leg, either upwards or downwards, along the connecting axis. The locking tabs are also elastic and return to the initial acute angle to the leg outer surface when the inward bending force is removed.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIG. 1 shows a cross-flow cooling tower 10. Air is sucked into both side surfaces 12 and 14 of the cross-flow cooling tower 10 by a fan 16 that sucks air upward from the ventilation cap 24. Both sides are open-structured and air easily flows across the fills 18 and 20. Each filling section 18 and 20 has the same structure, and is composed of a plurality of filling sheets suspended across both side surfaces. Filling sheets 18 and 20 are typically made of polyvinyl chloride material and are corrosion resistant and durable. A space is formed between each adjacent sheet, and air easily flows in from both side surfaces 12 and 14 through the filling sheet and is discharged from the ventilation cap 24 to the upper and outer sides.

Since the filling parts 18 and 20 of the water distribution system are of identical construction, the same reference numerals are used for each water distribution system. A distribution sump 26 is located on top of the cross-flow cooling tower 10 adjacent to the fan vent cap 24. The liquid to be cooled, such as normal water, is pumped to the distribution sump 26. This liquid flows into the distribution sump 26 and
Generates static pressure inside. A plurality of spray nozzles 28 are located within the floor 30 of the distribution sump 26 and allow liquid 32 to flow into the distribution sump 26 on the fills 18 and 20. The inflowing liquid drops in mist form on the lower filling parts 18 and 20 and falls like a waterfall along each filling sheet, and at the same time the air sucked across the filling parts 18 and 20 is the liquid 3
Cool 2 and evaporate. The liquid that has passed through the entire lengths of the filling sections 18 and 20 is collected in the collecting reservoir 36 at the bottom of the cross-flow cooling tower 10. The collected and cooled liquid 34 is collected in the collecting reservoir 3
From 6 through suitable pipe connections, the cooled liquid is distributed to the specific equipment (not shown) which requires it and is connected to the cross-flow cooling tower. This device is usually an air conditioning condenser or evaporator. Louvers adjacent to sides 12 and 14,
That is, an armoring door 22 is provided with a constant angle of inclination to capture excess fluid flowing out of the spray nozzle 28, prevent liquid outflow through both sides 12 and 14 and direct the flow to the lower filling parts 18 and 20. Turn.

2 to 4 show the spray nozzle 28 in detail. The spray nozzle 28 is typically a one-piece injection molded thermoplastic, often polypropylene.
The material of the spray nozzle 28 is of a structural tenacity and elasticity such that the spray nozzle can be pushed into the opening 64 of the upper sump floor 30 without damage and removed from the opening 64 for repair, cleaning or replacement or other purposes. It is selected in consideration of the combination.

The spray nozzle 28 has a cap portion 40 which is a substantially circular flat plate-shaped component. Because the cap 40 has a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the opening 64, the lower surface 41 of the cap 40 contacts a portion of the upper sump floor 30 adjacent the opening 64. With this contact, the spray nozzle 28
Are supported in the openings 64.

A substantially circular and flat plate-shaped support portion 42 extends downward from the cap portion 40. A cylindrical diffusion portion 68 extends downward from the center of the cap portion 40 and the support portion 42. The fluid in the upper water reservoir 26 flows into the spray nozzle 28 through the opening 29 of the cap portion 40.

The legs 44 and 46 are of the same size and have a supporting portion 42 having an upper taper portion 45 and a lower cross portion 47, respectively.
Extends downward from. Legs 44 and 46 are bottom cross section 4
8. The central cross portion 54 and the upper cross portion 50 are connected. The cloth portions 50, 54 are provided with diffusing elements to ensure that the fluid falling through the openings 29 diffuses into the desired spray pattern. For example, the bottom cross portion 48
Has a conical diffuser 52, the central cross 54 has a raised diffuser 56, and the upper support 50 has a diffuser 58. As described above, by providing a plurality of diffusion portions having various shapes, the fluid is diffused into a desired spray pattern, and the filling portions 18 and 20 which are the heat transfer surfaces arranged below are spread.
Can be evenly distributed on top.

The locking tabs 61, 63, 60 and 62 extend from the tapered portion 45 of the leg 44. The legs 46 are identical to 44 and use the same number for each leg of the locking cap. The fixing tab 61 is a tab at the lowest position and has a rectangular shape, and is connected to the outer surface of the tapered portion 45 of the leg 44 at the lower edge 71. The fixed portion 61 projects from the leg 44 at a selected acute angle. The desired angle for all locking tabs is about 35 degrees, but may be in the range 25-60 degrees.

The fixing tab 63 is arranged above the fixing tab 61, and has a square flat plate shape protruding from the tapered portion 45 of the leg 44 along the lower edge of the fixing tab 63 protruding at a constant angle as described above. Is an element. The locking tab 60 is located above the locking tab 63 and is similar to the locking tab 63 in that the locking tab 60 is a square flat element projecting from the tapered portion 45 of the leg 44 along the bottom edge 70. To do.

The fixing tab 62 is disposed above the fixing tab 60 and is inclined from the lower edge 72 of the fixing tab 62 by a desired angle and protrudes from the tapered portion 45 of the leg 44. However, the locking tabs 62 are located along the legs 44 so as to contact the walls forming the openings 64 of the upper sump floor 30. Therefore, the fixing tab 62 is held in a state of being bent with respect to the leg 44. Since the locking tabs 62 are held against the legs 44 as described above, the spray nozzle 28 is held securely within the openings 64 in the upper sump floor 30. Not only the opening 64 but also the diameter of the support 42 plus the fixing tab 62
The diameter is chosen to be very close to a distance of twice the width of. Depending on the type of cross-flow cooling tower, the upper reservoir floor 30 may have a substantial thickness. In such cases, many of the locking tabs, particularly locking tab 62 and locking tab 60 and possibly locking tab 63, would be retained within the thick upper sump floor opening.

In order to remove the spray nozzle 28 from the opening 64, it is desirable to be able to remove the spray nozzle 28 by prying the cap 40 from the upper water reservoir floor 30. By this removing operation, the fixing tabs 60, 63 and 61 are bent downward toward the leg 44. Fixing tab 60,
63 and 61 selected thickness and spray nozzle 2
Because of the material of eight, and of course including the material of the standard locking tab, the locking tab will be elastically moved downwardly with respect to the leg 44 during spray nozzle removal. However, with the above material selection, the locking tabs will recover their original angle after the removal. Therefore, the spray nozzle 28 can be reused after cleaning or other repairs, or can be reinserted into another opening 64.

After insertion of the spray nozzle 28 into the opening 64, the locking tabs 61, 63 and 60 are provided at each lower edge when the particular locking tab penetrates the opening 64 and the upper sump floor 30. It will also be appreciated that it can be folded upwards along the lower edge of the locking tab. The locking tabs 61, 63 and 60 return to the angular relationship with the leg 44 after passing through the opening 64. Therefore, the spray nozzle 28 is more reliably held in the opening 64.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fixing tab 75 projects from the outer surface of the support portion 42. Since the fixing tab 75 extends over the entire length of the side surface of the support portion 42, the support portion 42
Fits snugly into the opening 64. Normally, fixing tab 75
Is provided 90 ° away from legs 44 and 46.

[0029]

In the spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to the present invention, there is an effect that the nozzle is securely held by the bent fitting with respect to the opening of the fixing tab in the inclined arrangement.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional front view of a cross-flow cooling tower including a spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a partial cross section of a spray nozzle for fluid distribution of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a partial cross section of a spray nozzle for fluid distribution of the present invention.

4 is a sectional view of the spray nozzle for fluid dispensing of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, taken along line 4-4.

[Explanation of symbols]

10. ． ． Cross-flow cooling tower, 16. ． ． Fan 1
8, 20. ． ． Filling section, 24. ． ． Ventilation cap, 2
6. ． ． Distribution water reservoir, 28. ． ． Spray nozzle, 3
0. ． ． Water pool floor, 40. ． ． Cap part, 4
2. ． ． Support part, 44, 46. ． ． Legs, 4
5. ． ． Upper taper portion, 47. ． ． Lower cross part, 4
8. ． ． Bottom cross portion, 50. ． ． Upper cross part,
52. ． ． Conical diffuser, 54. ． ． Intermediate cross section,
56. ． ． 58. Higher diffusion section, 58. ． ． Diffuser,
60, 61, 62, 63. ． ． Securing tab, 6
4. ． ． Opening, 68. ． ． Diffusing section, 75. ． ． Securing tabs,

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A substantially circular and flat plate-shaped cap portion, a support portion extending downward from a lower surface of the cap portion, and a diffusion portion, and the diffusion portion includes two legs extending downward from both edges of the support portion. And a bottom portion connecting the two legs and having a dispersing member, the support portion including locking tabs on each outer surface of the legs, each locking tab extending along the bottom edge. The fluid used for the distribution fluid reservoir outside the cooling tower, which is composed of a substantially rectangular flat plate-like tab connected to the section, and each fixing tab extends upward with a certain angle inclining outward from the leg. Spray nozzle for dispensing. 2. The spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to claim 1, wherein the fixing tab is elastically bent with respect to the leg portion along the bottom edge thereof. 3. The spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to claim 1, wherein the spray nozzle for fluid distribution is formed of an injection moldable thermoplastic. 4. The spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to claim 1, wherein the fixing tab is a plurality of undivided tabs vertically aligned at regular intervals along the outer surface of each leg. 5. The locking tab is elastically foldable upwardly along the bottom edge with respect to the leg, and the fluid dispensing spray nozzle is a receiving edge formed by the cutout edge of the fluid reservoir. Can be inserted into the opening, the diameter of the receiving opening is slightly larger than the diameter of the support part of the spray nozzle for fluid distribution, and the fixing tab folds upward when it penetrates the receiving opening and comes into contact with the cutout edge. A spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to claim 1. 6. The fluid dispensing spray nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the locking tab is elastically bent downward along the bottom edge so that the fluid dispensing spray nozzle can be removed from the receiving opening. 7. A fluid dispensing spray nozzle is inserted into a receiving opening formed by a cutout edge of the fluid reservoir, at least one of the securing tabs on each leg being folded upward relative to the leg. The spray nozzle for fluid dispensing according to claim 1, wherein the spray nozzle is held in place by an adjacent portion of the edge of the cutout portion and is a slip fit within the receiving opening. 8. The fluid dispensing spray nozzle is inserted into a receiving opening formed by the cutout edge of the fluid well, and the uppermost locking knob on each leg is located in the fluid well adjacent to the cutout. The spray nozzle for fluid distribution according to claim 1, wherein the spray nozzle for fluid distribution is held in sliding contact with the lower surface in contact with the lower surface.