JPH081368B2 - Imaging Method in Shiitake Automatic Sorting System - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application] The present invention is directed to non-contact measurement of the size, thickness, shape, etc. of shiitake mushrooms by means of an imaging device, and automatically according to a predetermined selection criterion. The present invention relates to a method for imaging shiitake mushrooms in a system for sorting into.

2. Description of the Related Art As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-257889, the inventor of the present invention transfers a shiitake mushroom to be sorted on a conveyor while transferring the shiitake mushroom to obtain an image signal by imaging the shiitake mushroom with an imaging device. Calculate the calculated values necessary for classification such as the total area of shiitake mushrooms, the wrapping circumference ratio, the wrapping area ratio, and the short-to-long diameter ratio based on the image signal, and compare and judge this calculated value with the classification standard setting We have developed a system that outputs a sorting code signal and activates a sorting drive unit to automatically sort.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, since the apparatus of the above-mentioned prior art apparatus is configured to image the shiitake placed on the conveyor from above with the imaging device, the shiitake on the conveyor has a back surface (with a handle). I had to always keep the side of the umbrella around which the edge of the umbrella was rolled up) facing upward.

For this reason, the present inventors have developed a shiitake reversing device for supplying to the conveyor with the back side facing upward, but it is difficult to reliably reverse the shiitake mushroom, and the reversal rate is low and the processing of the automatic sorting system is difficult. There is a problem in that not only the ability cannot be fully exerted, but also the structure and mechanism of the reversing device are complicated and large, and the device becomes expensive.

As a method for solving this problem, for example, JP-A-60
No. 22977, a method of providing a transparent transport path and providing an observing device on both sides, or JP-A-55-55
There is one in which a conveyor is made of a transparent material as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60841.

However, since the above-mentioned conventional transparent conveying means is a chute or a duct made of a transparent material or a transparent belt, a stick-shaped handle is projected from an umbrella whose back surface should be imaged like a shiitake mushroom. When the object to be measured is imaged, the handle hits the surface of the chute or the band and the umbrella becomes slanted, so that the back surface of the umbrella cannot be imaged from the front, and accurate imaging cannot be performed.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and the purpose thereof is to construct a perspective type conveyor by arranging a plurality of wire rods at a predetermined interval to form a shiitake mushroom handle from a gap between the wire rods. The purpose is to make the back face of the umbrella imaged from the front.

[Structure of the Invention] Means for Solving the Problems The imaging method of the present invention images the back surface of a shiitake mushroom, calculates an operation value necessary for classification based on the image signal, and calculates the operation value and the classification standard. In the shiitake automatic sorting system configured to compare and judge a set value, output a sorting code signal, and sort the shiitake mushroom by operating a sorting driving unit according to the sorting code signal, a plurality of wire rods are arranged at predetermined intervals. It is characterized in that the shiitake mushroom is transported by the transparent conveyor, and imaging means are arranged on both sides of the conveyor so that images are taken from both sides of the shiitake mushroom. Of the image signals, only the image signal on the back side is processed, and if the surface of the shiitake mushroom is imaged by the image pickup means arranged at the upstream position of the fluoroscopic conveyor, the reverse of the downstream position is detected. The other side of the shiitake is operated by activating another imaging means disposed on the side to image the back side of the shiitake mushroom, and further, a means for discriminating the front side or the back side of the shiitake mushroom is provided on the upstream side of both the imaging means. It is characterized in that only the image pickup means arranged on the side is operated.

Examples Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a see-through type conveyor made of a transparent belt or the like, on which a shiitake mushroom M is placed and transferred in a direction of an arrow at a predetermined speed.

A first camera 2 as a photographing device is installed above the transparent conveyor 1 so as to image the shiitake mushroom M on the transparent conveyor 1 from above. A second camera 3 as an image pickup device is also arranged below the transparent conveyor 1. The shiitake mushroom M is imaged from below through the transparent conveyor 1. If necessary, install back plates 2a and 3a on the back of the imaging position,
The object behind the shiitake mushroom M seen through the transparent conveyor 1 can be blocked from the visual fields of the cameras 2 and 3 to improve the imaging accuracy.

As the image pickup device of the cameras 2 and 3, for example, CCD or
A MOS one-dimensional solid-state image pickup device is used, and a binarized one-dimensional image signal is sequentially taken in by this, and the slice memory unit 4 forms a two-dimensional image.

In addition, a two-dimensional image may be configured by using a two-dimensional image pickup device or an input unit that moves a light source to fix one light receiver.

The number of pixels of the two-dimensional image is, for example, 256 or 512.
Bits and the image is basically a mushroom M as shown in FIG.
It is configured as two strokes of a rolled-in portion m ₁ and a fold portion m ₂ .
The scanning start of the cameras 2 and 3 is carried out by an output frequency dividing pulse of a rotary encoder 5 which is attached to the perspective type conveyor 1 and detects the movement amount thereof.

The fields of view of the cameras 2 and 3 need to be determined in consideration of the maximum diameter of the shiitake mushroom M and the variation in the positions aligned on the perspective-type conveyor 1. For example, the width of 150 mm, and even a shiitake mushroom with a maximum diameter of 100 mm can be imaged sufficiently. You can do it. It is necessary to prevent the next shiitake mushroom M from entering the visual field of the cameras 2 and 3 while the arithmetic unit A, which will be described later, is performing the arithmetic processing.
If we increase the processing capacity by increasing the number of
This problem can also be solved.

Furthermore, the cameras 2 and 3 are made to flow one by one in the field of view on the transparent conveyor 1 so as not to catch two or more shiitake mushrooms M at the same time, but the processing capacity of the arithmetic unit A is still larger. In this case, the width of the conveyor 1 and the fields of view of the cameras 2 and 3 can be expanded to simultaneously image a plurality of shiitake mushrooms M.

Furthermore, the cameras 2 and 3 are scanned in a direction traversing the conveyor 1, and the capturing of the image signal is started at the moment when the leading end of the transferred shiitake is captured, and the image of the shiitake is passed past the rear end. It is designed to be completed when the time runs out.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 6 denotes an arithmetic processing unit, which calculates the total circumference, the winding circumference, the total area of the shiitake M from the two-dimensionalized image of the shiitake M formed by the slice memory unit 4.
Measure the winding area, major axis, minor axis, etc., calculate these measurements to calculate the winding circumference ratio, winding area ratio, winding width, minor / major ratio, etc. A pattern or the like is detected and necessary correction processing is performed, and the calculated value and the classification standard setting value are compared with each other to determine the size of the classification standard value and a selection code signal is output.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a selection standard setting unit for setting the classification standard setting value, which is input in advance by a keyboard or a digital switch.

A pinboard type shift control unit 8 is a device for operating the selection drive unit 9 in accordance with the selection code signal from the arithmetic processing unit 6.

Reference numeral 10 is a video monitor, and 11 is a lighting device, for example, a tungsten filament frost bulb is used.

Depending on the processing capacity of the arithmetic unit A, the above-mentioned perspective type conveyor 1 and cameras 2 and 3 can be installed in an appropriate number of sets.

Next, a method of selecting dry shiitake mushrooms using the apparatus of the above-described embodiment will be described.

First, the shiitake mushroom M is supplied onto the transparent conveyor 1 with the back surface thereof facing upward or downward.

The shiitake mushroom M that moves on the see-through type conveyor 1 at a predetermined speed is
First, the first camera 2 captures an image as a binarized one-dimensional image signal, the slice memory unit 4 forms a two-dimensional image, and the image is sent to the arithmetic processing unit 6.

When the first camera 2 captures an image of a shiitake mushroom M with its back surface facing downward, the two-dimensionalized image is the rolled-in portion shown in FIG.
The image is sent to the arithmetic unit 5 as an image in which m ₁ is almost equal to the entire area, so that the arithmetic processing unit 6 determines the downward shiitake mushroom M.

In this way, the shiitake mushroom M imaged by the first camera 2
When it is determined that the downward direction is downward, a command signal is immediately sent from the arithmetic processing unit 6 to the second camera 3, and the second camera 3 operates to image the back surface of the downward shiitake mushroom M from the lower side and Similar to the signal from the first camera 2, the signal is configured as a two-dimensional image in the slice memory unit 4 and sent to the arithmetic processing unit 6.

In this way, the two-dimensionalized image of the back surface of the shiitake mushroom M, which is picked up by either the first camera 2 or the second camera 3 and appropriately processed, is wound by the arithmetic processing unit 6 in the winding circumference ratio and the winding length. Area ratio, ratio of minor axis to major axis (degree of deformation), chipping ratio,
Etc. are calculated and compared with the classification standard setting value set in advance by the selection standard setting unit 7, and the selection code signal is output. The selection code signal is transmitted to the shift control unit 8, and finally the selection drive unit 9 is operated to perform selection.

In the embodiment described above, among the shiitake mushrooms M imaged by the first camera 2, only the shiitake mushroom M whose back surface is facing downward is imaged by the second camera 3 by a command signal from the arithmetic processing unit 6. However, both the first camera 2 and the second camera 3 image all shiitake mushrooms M from the front side and the back side, judge the front and back from those two-dimensional missing images, and process only the image on the back side. You may do it.

The perspective type conveyor 1 is a perspective type conveyor 1 in which a plurality of transparent or opaque wire rods 12 are arranged at predetermined intervals as shown in FIG. In this case, especially when the wire rod 12 is opaque, an image of the wire rod appears in the image captured by the second camera 3, but this image of the wire rod is erased by computer processing and the image of the shiitake mushroom M is displayed. You only have to take out. If the wire rod 12 is made as thin as possible, the influence on the image processing due to this can be substantially ignored.

The wire rods 12 may be arranged in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the conveyor 1 or in a slanting direction, or may be configured in a lattice shape (mesh shape).

Furthermore, the shiitake mushroom M may be forcibly sandwiched by two transparent belts or wire rod groups from both sides to selectively capture images from both sides. In this case, the shiitake mushroom M can be conveyed sideways.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, especially when the second camera 3 is turned sideways and the image is transmitted through the lower side of the see-through type conveyor 1 through the reflector 13 such as a mirror or a prism, the second camera 3 The camera 3 can be housed inside the perspective type conveyor 1, and the conveyor apparatus as a whole can be made compact. Further, if the optical fiber is used, the cameras 2 and 3 can be arranged at arbitrary positions.

Also, concentrate the images from both sides on one camera,
You may make it selectively image-capture by switching with a liquid crystal prism etc.

[Advantages of the Invention] In a shiitake mushroom whose handle is on the conveyor side, the handle protrudes between the wire rods, and the back surface of the umbrella is substantially parallel to the conveyor surface. As a result, the back surface can be imaged from the front surface with high accuracy. Since it is not necessary to always keep the back surface of the shiitake mushroom on the conveyor by the reversing device or the like, the shiitake can be easily supplied, and a compact and inexpensive system can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory block diagram of an automatic sorting system, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a binarized shiitake mushroom image, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a main part showing another embodiment of a see-through type conveyor, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of another embodiment in which a camera arrangement is changed. is there. 1 ... Transparent conveyor, 2 ... First camera, 2a ... Rear plate, 3 ... Second camera, 3a ... Rear plate, 4 ... Slice memory unit, 5 ... Rotary encoder, 6 ...
... arithmetic processing unit, 7 ... selection standard setting unit, 8
...... Shift control, 9 …… Sorting drive unit, 10
…… Video monitor, 11 …… Lighting device, 12 …… Wire rod, 13
...... Reflector, A ・ ・ ・ Computing device, M ・ ・ ・ Shiitake mushroom, m ₁ …… Involved part, m ₂ …… Folded part.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A backside of a shiitake mushroom is imaged, a calculation value necessary for classification is calculated based on the image signal, the calculation value and a classification standard set value are compared and judged, and a selection code signal is output. In an automatic shiitake sorting system that sorts the shiitake mushrooms by operating a sorting drive unit in response to the sorting code signal, a plurality of wire rods are arranged at intervals that are wider than at least the thickness of the shiitake handle and narrower than the shiitake umbrella diameter. An imaging method, wherein shiitake mushrooms are conveyed by the transparent conveyor, and imaging means are arranged on both sides of the conveyor so that the back surface of the shiitake mushrooms can be imaged. 2. The automatic selection of shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, of the image signals of the shiitake mushrooms picked up by the image pickup means, only the image signal of the back side is arithmetically processed. Imaging method in system. 3. When the surface of the shiitake mushroom is imaged by the imaging means arranged at the upstream position of the fluoroscopic conveyor, another imaging means arranged on the opposite side of the downstream position is operated to image the back surface of the shiitake mushroom. The imaging method in the automatic shiitake selection system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 4. A means for discriminating the front surface or the back surface of a shiitake mushroom on the upstream side of both of the imaging means so that only the imaging means arranged on the back surface side of the shiitake mushroom is operated. An imaging method in the automatic shiitake sorting system according to claim 1.