JPH0814167B2 - Opening / closing roof Roof opening / closing mechanism in stadium - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a roof opening / closing mechanism in an open / close roof stadium. More specifically, in a stadium with a roof structure that is openable and closable, such that the roof is closed in the event of rain, and the roof is opened in fine weather, the roof that covers the upper part of the field and spectator seats The structure is a structure in which the lower dome and the upper dome each having a bipolar linear opening are partially overlapped with each other, and the pair of domes are arranged in free directions with each other by a circumferential driving mechanism arranged along the outer edge of the stadium. The present invention relates to an optimal roof opening / closing mechanism for closing and partially releasing a roof, and further, as a mechanism for moving a pair of domes in parallel with each other by a linear driving mechanism to withdraw from at least a field upper space.

[Prior Art] Baseball is the most popular outdoor sport in Japan, but it is often disappointed if the event is canceled due to rain. For this reason, it was a long-standing dream to make it a facility that can be held even on rainy days, but first, as a baseball field, a steel-framed fixed roof stadium like the Astrodome was realized as the first generation. In Japan, a fixed roof stadium with an air film structure called the second generation was realized as Tokyo Dome.

Although the long-awaited theory of covered stadiums is rapidly rising in Japan since the opening of the Tokyo Dome, a stadium with an open / closed roof has been opened by the Toronto Skydome which opened in 1989 as a stadium with an open / closed roof. It has been evaluated as the third generation, and is currently in the mainstream way of thinking. For outdoor sports such as baseball and American football, it is more liberating to watch the game while enjoying a pleasant breeze under the blue sky or starry sky on a clear day, and it is more obvious that it is fixed. This is because it seems necessary to shift from the roof system to the open / close roof system.

NIKKKEI ARCHITECTURE 1988.6.27.For details on various types of stadiums with fixed roof type or open / closed roof type that have been realized to date or are in the stage of proposal, see NIKKKEI ARCHITECTURE1988.6.27.
No. 1989.3.6., Column No. 111 1989.1, and Construction Industry Newspaper 1989.8.11.

Among the open / closed roof stadiums known up to now, if the roof has a dome shape, one side of the dome roof is cut out in a straight line or a curved shape, in other words, a combination of a half bowl shape However, there is no known combination of an arch-shaped upper dome and a lower dome whose both sides are open portions, such as a dome roof in an open / close roof stadium to which the present invention is applied.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The goal of the open / close roof stadium is to open the stadium in a closed state that is not inferior to that of a covered roof, and to be in an open state that is not inferior to that of an open roof. In consideration of regional characteristics and profitability, it is a basic requirement that various events can be held, and the open and closed design of the open / closed roof functions as a multi-purpose stadium and how organically. Whether they are connected or not is an important issue to overcome.

Many of the open / closed roof stadiums known to date are
The originality of each company is claimed too much, rather than the function that the structure of the openable roof can support various events,
I hate giving priority to strange designs.

For example, the roof is not only for blocking rain, wind and snow, but depending on the type of event, the shape of the roof in the closed state and the open state is very important for lighting effects, acoustic effects, or installation of these facilities. It is thought that, how to design the shape of the open and closed roof closed and open,
It depends on the basic idea of software, which is how to use the stadium.

Therefore, the shapes and movements of the closed and open states of the open / close roof should be various according to the type of event considered by the designer, and the open / close mechanism of the roof also depends on the roof shape and movement. It should be diverse due to differences.

In view of the above, the present invention has reviewed the open / closed roof stadiums of each company that have been clarified up to the present time, and puts emphasis on only holding baseball, and is a basic idea of an open / closed roof stadium that can support various events. The present invention has been completed as a result of a series of research aiming at realization of an open / closed roof stadium in which the function and the design are matched, and in particular, the present invention is for an improved open / closed roof structure in which the function and the design are matched. Its main purpose is to clarify the roof opening / closing mechanism.

Further, a specific object of the present invention is that the roof is openable and closable, the roof is closed in rainy weather, and the roof is opened in fine weather. The roof structure that covers the upper part is a partially overlapped structure of a pair of arch-shaped upper dome and lower dome having hyperbolic open parts on both sides, and the pair of domes are arranged along the outer edge of the stadium. Structures in which the roofs are driven in free directions to each other to close and partially open the roof, and the linear drive mechanism causes the pair of domes to move in parallel and at least leave the upper space of the field. The purpose is to clarify the optimal roof opening / closing mechanism for the dome roof.

Another object of the present invention is to clarify an example of a roof opening / closing mechanism that satisfies the requirements such as safety, reliability, low vibration, and low noise generally required for an opening / closing roof.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The above problem of the present invention is to partially overlap the upper part of the field portion and the upper part of the spectator seat of the stadium with a pair of arch-shaped upper and lower domes each having a hyperbolic opening. Each of the upper dome and the lower dome is covered by a circumferential drive mechanism arranged along the outer edge of the stadium and is driven in a free circumferential direction to close and partially open the roof. In addition, the linear drive mechanism causes the pair of upper dome and lower dome to move in parallel, and at least moves out of the upper space of the field. Is placed on the linear rail, and the parallel movement base provided on the lower surface of the drive carriage is placed on the linear rail to form a linear drive mechanism. A movable ring-shaped rail within the ring-shaped rail for driving the dome and the lower dome in the circumferential direction is arranged, while a fixed ring-shaped rail within the ring-shaped rail is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the stadium body, and the upper dome and the lower dome are arranged. A roof opening / closing mechanism in an open / close roof stadium, characterized in that a driving carriage arranged at both base ends of the dome is placed on an annular rail to form a circumferential direction driving mechanism,
Further, a lateral force receiving mechanism is arranged on both sides of the parallel driving base and on both sides of a driving carriage for circumferentially driving the upper dome and the lower dome, and a roof opening / closing mechanism in an open / close roof stadium characterized by the above. Further, the present invention is achieved by a roof opening / closing mechanism in an open / close roof stadium, which is characterized in that a lifting prevention mechanism is arranged on a lower surface of a drive carriage that circumferentially drives the upper dome and the lower dome.

EXAMPLES Next, prior to the description of the present invention, an outline of an open / close roof stadium to which the roof opening / closing mechanism of the present invention is applied will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which the openable roof is closed. The openable / closable roof is composed of an upper dome indicated by reference numeral 10 and a lower dome indicated by 20. The upper dome 10 has a dome-shaped cross section, and has a hyperbolic open portion on both sides when viewed from a plane, and the lower dome 20 also has a dome-shaped cross section and has a shape different from that of the upper dome 10. It is a shape having different hyperbolic open portions on both sides, and can also be expressed as a diverging arch shape.

Further, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are independently configured to be capable of being circumferentially driven (circular movement) clockwise or counterclockwise. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, from the state where the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 overlap each other in a cross shape (closed state), as shown in FIG. The overlapped open state, however, Fig. 2 shows the fully open state from the overlapped open state to the left direction in the drawing by linear drive). There is an advantage that the width of the releasing portion and the releasing direction can be freely adjusted depending on the direction.

With the combination of bowl-shaped upper and lower domes, which have been known so far, even if the upper and lower domes are configured to be freely rotatable with respect to each other, it is possible to form the release portion only in one direction of the dome roof. Is.

The above difference appears as an effective difference in a mode in which lighting equipment and audio equipment are provided on the lower surface of the dome roof, for example. That is, in the case of a bowl-shaped upper and lower dome, if the upper dome and the lower dome are overlapped, the lower surface of the upper dome will become a dead zone for lighting equipment and audio equipment, and lighting and acoustic effects will be reduced. Considering this, it is necessary to minimize the overlap between the upper dome and the lower dome, and the roof opening ratio must be substantially low. The configuration such as the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 to which the present invention is applied has a high degree of freedom in terms of lighting and acoustic design, and the dome roof can be widely used as a part of the stage apparatus, and the bowl shape is half. It is clear that it is superior as a multipurpose stadium compared to the ones at the upper and lower domes.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are circumferentially driven so that the two are maximally overlapped with each other and then linearly driven to fully open the sky above the field 30 and the viewing seat 31. Is shown.

Next, a circumferential drive mechanism and a linear drive mechanism for driving and operating the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 in the above-described manner will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the upper dome is on the outer edge of the seat 31.
Annular rails 40 for circumferentially driving the 10 and the lower dome 20 are provided separately for the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20. Each of the annular rails 40 for the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 is composed of a fixed annular rail 41 and a movable annular rail 42.

The fixed annular rail 41 is attached to the upper part of the lower frame 50 of the stadium, and the movable annular rail 42 continuous to this is on the upper surface of the parallel movement base 60 arranged on the linear rail 43 described later. It is arranged.

When the parallel moving base 60 is in the position shown in FIG. 2, the fixed annular rail 41 and the movable annular rail 42 on the upper surface of the parallel moving base 60 are in a continuous state, and the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are in contact with each other.
Are independently configured to be able to perform a driving operation in the circumferential direction in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, after the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are overlapped in a parallel state in the “overlapping open state”, both bases of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are operated so as to be positioned on the movable annular rail 42.
If the parallel movement base 60 is driven and operated, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 can be linearly driven and operated along the linear rail 43, and as shown in FIG. Can be

According to FIG. 6, the movable annular rail 42 and the base for parallel movement
A specific example of 60 and the linear rail 43 will be described.

A plurality of drive carts 61 are attached to the respective bases of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20. Upper dome
10 and the upper dome 10 between the lower dome 20 and the drive base 61.
And hinges 11 and 21 for transmitting the load and reaction force of the lower dome 20 are interposed, and the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20
It has a structure that absorbs deformation due to temperature.

Drive dolly for upper dome or lower dome
By independently driving and operating 61, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 can be independently driven in the circumferential direction.

The drive carriage 61 travels along a movable annular rail 42 laid at the base of a groove-shaped track 65 prepared on the upper surface of the parallel movement base 60. Wheels 62 rotated by a geared motor are prepared on the lower surface of the drive carriage 61.
The wheel 62 includes a drive wheel and a wheel as a simple load receiver. Of course, the driving force may be transmitted to all the wheels 62.

Further, how many wheels 62 are prepared for one drive carriage 61 is also arbitrary in design.

In the illustrated embodiment, one movable rail 42 is prepared for each of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20, but a plurality of movable rails 42 may be arranged.

Further, a guide rail 63 for preventing floating is provided at the base of the groove-shaped track 65, and a roller 64 provided on the lower surface of the drive carriage 61 is engaged to form the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20. It is configured so as to prevent the drive carriage 61 from rising due to the wind.

Further, between the side surface of the drive carriage 61 and the wall surface of the groove-shaped track 65, a lateral force receiving mechanism 66 including wheels, rails, pinion racks, etc. is prepared, and the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 10 are controlled by wind or the like. The dome 20 has a structure that opposes the force received from the right and left directions in the drawing.

The lateral force receiving mechanism 66, for example, when the wind pressure is 10 m / sec or more, the annular rail 40 and the wheels 62 of the drive carriage 61.
When the frictional resistance between the vehicle and the vehicle is reduced and the proper traveling speed cannot be maintained, it is configured to act as a drive source that assists the drive function of the main drive source. Therefore, as a mechanism for simply receiving a lateral force applied to the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20, as the lateral force receiving mechanism 66, wheels are attached to the side surfaces of the drive carriage 61 and travel along the wall surface of the groove-shaped track 65. All that is required is no driving force.

Similarly, a lateral force receiving mechanism for the parallel movement base 60 is also provided between the parallel movement base 60 and the convex portion 51 formed on the upper end of the frame 50.

On the lower surface of the parallel movement base 60, a plurality of parallel movement drive carriages 67 that travel along a linear rail 43 laid on the upper surface of the frame 50 are prepared. In the illustrated embodiment, two linear rails 60 are arranged on the left and right, but the number of linear rails 60 is not limited by design.

The wheels 62 of the drive carriage 61 for the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are annular rails 40 (fixed annular rail 41 and movable annular rail 4).
In order to prevent the wheel from slipping off from 2), it is preferable to dispose not only the above-mentioned lifting prevention mechanism and lateral force receiving mechanism but also a wheel releasing mechanism between the rail and the wheel. Although various structures are conceivable as such a wheel removal mechanism, as an example, a structure in which the upper surface of the rail is formed in a concave shape and the wheel is run in the groove, conversely, the cross section of the wheel is formed in a concave shape, A structure that is formed like a wheel of a railroad vehicle so that the rail travels while pressing the rail bidirectionally or unidirectionally. Further, a guide member that runs along the rail, such as a rail clamp, is provided separately from the wheel. The structure is adopted.

[Advantages of the Invention] An open / close roof stadium to which the present invention is applied is configured with an upper dome and a lower dome each having a dome-shaped cross section and having a hyperbolic open portion when viewed from the top, and each of which is independent in a clockwise direction. Alternatively, it can be driven counterclockwise to produce various roof open states from "closed state" to "overlapped open state". Furthermore, the roofs can be removed by retreating from the top of the field in a state where they are overlapped. The roof opening / closing mechanism of the present invention is configured so that it can be in a “fully open state” with an opening ratio of 100%. With the effect of (1), it is possible to freely adjust the size of the releasing portion and the releasing direction, and the above-mentioned problem is solved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a perspective view showing a closed state of an open / closed roof stadium to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same roof fully opened state, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of a state where the roof is removed, FIG. 4 is a plan view showing circumferential driving of the roof, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing linear driving of the roof, and FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the roof driving section. In the figure, each code indicates the following. 10 …… Upper dome 11 …… Hinge part 20 …… Lower dome 21 …… Hinge part 30 …… Field 31 …… Viewing seat 40 …… Ring rail 41 …… Fixed ring rail 42 …… Movable ring rail 43 …… Straight line Rail 50 …… Skeleton 51 …… Convex part of the body 60 …… Translation base 61 …… Drive truck 62 …… Wheel 63 …… Guide rail 64 …… Roller 65 …… Groove track 66 …… Lateral force Receiving mechanism 67 …… Drive truck for parallel movement

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-1-268936 (JP, A) JP-A-1-304237 (JP, A) Actually open flat 2-30403 (JP, U)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A field part of a stadium and an upper part of a grandstand are covered with a pair of arch-shaped upper and lower domes each having a hyperbolic open portion, which are partially overlapped with each other.
Each of the pair of upper dome and lower dome is driven in a free circumferential direction by a circumferential drive mechanism arranged along the outer edge of the stadium to close and partially open the roof. , A mechanism for moving a pair of upper dome and lower dome in parallel by a linear drive mechanism and at least retreating from the upper space of the field, arranging a pair of linear rails at symmetrical positions on the outer edge of the stadium,
On this linear rail, a parallel movement base equipped with a drive carriage on the lower surface is placed to form a linear drive mechanism. Furthermore, an upper dome and a lower dome are circled on the upper surface of the parallel movement base. A movable ring-shaped rail within the ring-shaped rail for driving in the circumferential direction is arranged, while a fixed ring-shaped rail within the ring-shaped rail is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the stadium frame, and both base ends of the upper dome and the lower dome are arranged. A roof open / close mechanism in a stadium with an open / close roof, characterized in that the drive carriage arranged in the above is placed on an annular rail to form a circumferential drive mechanism. 2. A lateral force receiving mechanism is arranged on both sides of a parallel drive base and on both sides of a drive carriage for circumferentially driving an upper dome and a lower dome. Opening and closing roofs The roof opening and closing mechanism in the stadium. 3. The roof opening / closing mechanism in an open / close roof stadium according to claim 1, wherein a lift preventing mechanism is arranged on a lower surface of a drive carriage for circumferentially driving the upper dome and the lower dome.