JPH0815406B2 - Onion harvesting machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention provides a lifting / conveying device for lifting a dug-up onion, and supports the onion on a path for receiving the onion from the upper end of the lifting / conveying device and conveying it laterally. An upside-down reversing device is provided which includes a carrying device and a second carrying device that cooperates with the first carrying device to hold an onion. The present invention relates to an onion harvester having a leaf cutting device provided at the lower end of the path for cutting a leaf stem portion hanging down from both transport tools.

[Conventional technology]

In this type of onion harvesting machine, conventionally, the first carrier is attached, for example, in a state in which the posture is not changed with respect to the chain link to which it is attached and moves integrally (for example, Japanese Utility Model Application No. 62- No. 127831).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In this case, although there is no problem in the transport path in which the first transport tool supports and feeds the onion laterally, the second transport tool supports it in the upside-down inversion path, so the size of the onion is large. If there is variation in the size of the onion, the first carrier does not support the onion, but only rotates according to the second carrier. Then, when the leaf stem portion is cut at the lower end of the vertically inverted path, the leaf stem portion may escape to the side of the first transport tool at the moment when the leaf stem portion comes into contact with the leaf cutting device, and the cutting is not successful. Further, when the leaf stem is wrapped around the first transport tool, it may not be cut, which makes the post-processing troublesome.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a first transport tool and a second transport tool that are reasonably modified so that the cutting action of the leaf cutting device can be performed more reliably.

[Means for solving the problem]

A characteristic configuration according to the present invention is that the first transport tool and the second transport tool are pivotally supported with respect to a transport chain, respectively, and that the first and second transport tools of the transport chain are pivotally supported. The fulcrum restricts the swing of the first transport tool in a direction away from the second transport tool from a predetermined force for receiving and supporting the onion, and swinging in a direction approaching the second transport tool. And a point that a second transport tool posture regulation mechanism that maintains a predetermined posture in which the second transport tool holds an onion is provided at the lower end of the vertical inversion path. And its effects are as follows.

[Work]

Following the movement of the first transport tool, the first transport tool posture regulation mechanism supports the onion in a predetermined posture in the lateral feed transport path, and when the vertical transport path is reached, the onion is transferred to the second transport tool. The onion and its leaf stem portion are pushed toward the leaf cutting device by its own weight by being oscillated by its own weight as being supported by.

Therefore, it is possible to press the leaf stem portion that comes into contact with the leaf cutting device and escapes, and it is also possible to separate the leaf stem portion wound around the first transport tool or the like from the rocking portion itself.

On the other hand, since the second carrier is regulated in the attitude of holding the onion (a) by the cam rail (8c) as the second carrier attitude regulating mechanism as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the first carrier (18) It is possible to maintain the onion in a predetermined leaf stem cutting posture, which receives a moving force due to the swinging of).

〔The invention's effect〕

Therefore, with the configuration in which the first transport tool pushes the leaf stem portion and the second transport tool receives it, the leaf stem portion can be maintained in a predetermined cutting posture, and the cutting performance can be improved.

〔Example〕

As shown in FIG. 5, the onion harvester (A) is connected to the rear end of the tractor (B) through a three-point link device (C), and a dug portion (1) for digging the onion (a). ) And a transport / recovery section (2) for transporting the dug onion (a).

The digging portion (1) has a rake-shaped digging blade body (3) for digging and picking up an onion (a) in a field, and a digging depth is set by a gauge wheel (40). The frame (4) for supporting the excavating blade (3) so as to be able to swing back and forth around the horizontal axis (X), and the drive frame (5) for swinging the support frame (4). On the other hand, in order to configure the transmission system to the excavation part (1), the input transmission case (6) on the harvester (A) side and the tractor (B) PTO shaft (7) are interlockingly connected and this input transmission is performed. A transmission shaft (9) is laterally projected from the case (6), and eccentric cams (not shown) are attached to both ends of the horizontal transmission shaft (9), and the drive frame (9) is attached to the eccentric cam. The base end of 5) is externally fitted, and the drive frame (5) is driven by an eccentric cam to swing the support frame (4) back and forth, and the excavating blade body (3) swings. A) is dug up.

Next, the transport / collection unit (2) will be described. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the transport and recovery section (2) includes a first conveyor (10) for receiving the dug onion (a) and transporting it to the rear, and the first conveyor (10). Conveyer (11) for receiving the onion (a) from the above and transferring it upwards, and a second conveyer comprising a catching conveyer (12) for holding the onion (a) at the upper part of the lift conveyer path (c) (13), a leaf cutting device (14) for cutting the leaf stem portion (b) of the onion (a) held by the entrainment transporting device (12), and the leaf-removed onion (a). And a recovery unit (15).

The second conveyor (13) will be described in more detail. As shown in FIG. 2, the second conveyer (13) has a substantially vertical lifting conveyance path (c) and a horizontal posture wrapping conveyance path (d).
A pair of left and right chains (endless rotating bodies) as the rotating body (16) are stretched continuously while being provided with an appropriate tension force by the tensioning mechanism (45). A large number of lateral transfer rods (17) are installed across 16) and 16). As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the pedestal (20) is attached to one link plate of the chain (16), and the transfer rod (17) is attached via the pedestal (20). I am doing it. That is, the bracket (21) having an L-shaped cross section as a pivotal support is attached to the pedestal (20), and the brackets (21) and (21) attached to the left and right chains (16) and (16), respectively. A first transport rod (17A) is installed over the entire length. For this first transfer rod (17A),
A first carrier tool (18) for receiving the onion (a), and a second carrier tool (19) for hugging the onion (a) in cooperation with the first carrier tool (18) in the hugging carrier path (d). Are connected. Next, the first transfer tool (18) includes a second transfer rod (17B), a third transfer rod (17C), and a fourth transfer rod (17D) which are arranged at the apex position of the trapezoid in a side view. ) Is placed on the plate member (41) to be connected, and the plate member (41)
The tip holder (41A) is loosely fitted to the first carrying rod (17A), and is pivotally supported about the axis of the first carrying rod (17A) so as to be swingable. A pin (27) is projected from the inner surface of the bracket (21) toward the onion (a) transport space, and the plate member (41) is received by the pin (27) to further swing. regulate. The pin (27) is referred to as a posture regulating mechanism that regulates the posture of the first transport tool (18).

On the other hand, a second transport tool (19) is provided on the opposite side of the first transport tool (18) across the first transport rod (17A), and the second transport tool (19) is substantially side view. The fifth carrying rod (17E) and the sixth carrying rod (1
7F), the seventh transfer rod (17G) is placed on the plate member (42) and connected, and the tip holder (42A) of the plate member (42) is loosely fitted to the first transfer rod (17A). Further, the rod is pivotally supported about the axis of the first carrying rod (17A). Rollers (29) are attached to the right and left sides of the seventh carrying rod (17G) in a freely rotating state, and the chain (1
6) Can roll on the top. In addition, the plate-shaped posture regulating tool (33) is attached to the tip holder (42A) of the plate member (42).
As shown in FIG. 3, in order to discharge the onion (a) and ensure the transfer to the cam rail (8) described later on the roller (29) in the descending return path, The plate-like posture regulating tool (33) contacts the fixed-side posture changing plate (64), and the second transporting tool (19) is regulated to the transfer posture. As described above, the first transfer tool (18) and the second transfer tool (19) form a pair and are installed in plural pairs on the chain (16) at regular intervals so that the onions can be transferred sequentially.

 From the above configuration, the carrying state of the onion (a) will be described.

The onion (a) conveyed from the first conveyor (10) is received by the first conveying tool (18) whose posture is regulated by the pin type posture regulating mechanism (27) and is lifted upward.
Since the roller (29) is placed on the chain (16) in the lifting conveyance path (c), it is in an open posture that does not act on the onion (a). Onion (a)
When the roller reaches the upper part of the lifting and conveying path (c), the roller (29) passes through the guide portion (8a) formed by the pair of upper and lower cam rails (8), so that the second conveying tool (19) takes a posture. On the contrary, it is in the closed posture in which the first carrying tool (19) and the onion (a) are held so as to be held. In the wrapping conveyance path (d), the swing of the roller (29) to the open side is restricted by the cam rail (8), and the second conveyance tool (19) is in the closed position for holding the onion (a) in the collecting portion (15). ) To the release position (e).

At this discharge position (e), the guide by the cam rail (8) is released, and the support of the roller (29) is lost at this position, so the second carrier (19) swings toward the open side by the onion (a). At the same time, the onion (a) is discharged onto the belt conveyor (39) described later. Attach the first carrier (18) and the second carrier (19) to the same chain (16),
It constitutes a carry-in carrying device (12).

As shown in FIG. 5, the transmission structure for the first conveyor (10) and the second conveyor (13) will be described. The first conveyor (1) is transferred from the lateral transmission shaft (9) through the relay shaft (22).
The first chain transmission mechanism (24) is stretched over the drive shaft (23) of (0), and the drive shaft (23) of the first conveyor (10) and the drive shaft (25) of the second conveyor (13) are installed. The 2nd chain transmission mechanism (26) is spanned over.

Next, the leaf cutting device (14) and the belt conveyor (39) will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 5, the leaf cutting device (32)
Is equipped with a hair clipper type cutting blade (32) and is arranged at a position where the leaf stem (b) of the onion (a) hangs down and cuts the leaf stem (b) of the onion (a) being conveyed. Is configured to The position where the leaf stem portion (b) of the onion (a) hangs is a return path corresponding portion where the wrapping carrying tools (18) and (19) are turned upside down and moved to the return path on the lower side. The drive structure of the leaf cutting device (14) will be described below.
As shown in the figure, an input case (28) transmitted to the lateral transmission shaft (9) and the belt (36) is provided, and a discharge chute (a) is discharged from the input case (28) to a drop chute (34) described later. A drive shaft (33) is extended to a belt conveyor (39) for laterally feeding, and power is transmitted from the drive shaft (33) through a drive linkage mechanism.

Next, the drive structure for the belt conveyor (39) will be further described.

As shown in FIG. 10, the output bevel gear (35) is fixed to the inner end of the input case of the drive shaft (33) supported by the input case (28), and the input is received by the belt (36). An input shaft (37) is installed, and a pair of left and right input bevel gears (38A), (38B) that mesh with the output bevel gear (35) are loosely fitted to the input shaft (37), and these loose fitting bevel gears (38A), A pair of left and right clutch sleeves (43A) and (43B) that can be engaged and disengaged with (38b) are fitted on the spline. This left and right clutch sleeve (43
A shift fork (44) for switching only one of (A) and (43B) into the on state is provided, and this shift fork (4
4) slidingly switch the hand lever (45) to engage the left and right input bevel gears (38A or 38B) with the output bevel gear (35) by the left and right clutch sleeves (43A or 43B), and then the belt conveyor (39 It is possible to switch the rotation direction of () between forward and reverse.

Next, the drive structure and the vertical sliding structure of the leaf cutting device (14) will be described.

As shown in FIG. 7, the hair clipper type cutting blades (32) are installed so as to extend between the vertically oriented side plates (30) and (30) which are erected on both lateral sides of the second conveyor (13). There is. This cut leaf (3
2) is a blade holder (4) installed over brackets (46) and (46) bolted to the left and right side plates (30) and (30).
7) and fixed blade (4) fixed to this blade base (47)
8), a knife bar (49) that can slide only left and right by the fixed receiving blade (48), and a movable blade (50) attached to this knife bar (49), and a knife that operates integrally with this movable blade (50) It is driven via the head (51). The knife head (51) includes an upper head (51A) having an L-shaped cross section and a lower head (51) which receives power from the drive shaft (33).
B) consists of. The side plate (30) is provided with two left and right vertical elongated holes (30a), (30a), and these elongated holes (30a), (3
The brackets (46) and (46) are bolted to each other via 0a). Therefore, the installation height of the cutting blade (32) can be changed by loosening the bolt and moving the left and right brackets (46) and (46) up and down. In this case, the sliding guides (52) and (52) along the ascending / descending path of the brackets (46) and (46) are attached to the side plates (3).
Even if the set height of the cutting edge (32) is changed, the position of the cutting edge (32) can be adjusted by moving the bracket (46) along the sliding guide (52). Can always be constant. This sliding guide (52) has a scale,
It can be used as a guideline when setting the height.

On the other hand, the drive structure for the cutting edge (32) is as follows. As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 9, the support arm (54) is attached to the left and right support frames (53) having the groove-shaped cross section which constitute the belt conveyor (39), and A drive rotating body (55) for driving the knife head (51) is provided at the tip of the support arm (54) as a pivot pin (56).
Is loosely fitted through. The drive rotating body (55) has a cam follower (57) fitted in the vertical through hole (51a) of the knife head (51), and has a balance weight portion (55a) 180 ° opposite to the cam follower (57). Is provided. A chain sprocket (58) is fixed to the boss portion of the drive rotating body (55), and the chain is transmitted to the drive sprocket (59) fixed to the drive shaft (33) for the belt conveyor (39). Therefore, when the drive rotating body (55) rotates around the pivot pin (56), the cam follower (5) passes through the vertical through hole (51a).
The knife head (51) linked to 7) laterally slides left and right, and this knife head (51) drives the movable blade (50). The support arm (54) is connected to the support frame (5
The pin (60) is pivotally supported with respect to 3) and is configured to be rotatable up and down, and is maintained in an upright posture by stop screws (61) arranged on the left and right of the pin (60). If the left and right stop screws (61) and (61) are removed and the support arm (54) is rotated, the drive rotation is downward as shown by the phantom lines in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). The body (55) can be moved, and can correspond to the position of the cutting blade (32) when the cutting length with respect to the leaf stem portion (b) is long. Therefore, the support arm (54) can be switched between two states, that is, a state in which the support arm (54) is positioned above and a state in which the support arm (54) is positioned upside down, and the cutting blade (3
2) can be adjusted up and down in a small range. Due to this configuration, the vertical through hole (51a) of the knife head (51) is set to a length that allows for the adjustment range.

The recovery unit (15) includes a belt conveyor (39) arranged in front of and below the leaf cutting device (14), and drop chutes (34) arranged corresponding to the left and right ends of the belt conveyor (39). (34) consists of This conveyor belt (39)
Is installed across the left and right, and either forward or reverse is used in order to receive the onion (a) discharged at the discharge position (e) of the entrainment conveyance path (d) and throw it into the drop chute (34) on either side. It is driven in that direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the vertically inverted path of the entrainment transfer path (d), the second transfer tool (19) moves in the posture supported by the cam rail (8), but the first transfer tool (1
8) freely swings in a direction away from the pin (27) and close to the second transfer tool (19). Leaf stem portion (b) that is not wound or cut around the first transfer tool (18) during this free rocking
Is switched to a cutting posture in which the first transfer tool (18) is forced to hang vertically downward. Therefore, the leaf stem (b)
The cutting performance of can be improved.

In the upside-down path, the roll (2
The cam rail (8b) with respect to 9) is located outside the roll (29), but is interrupted once at the lower end of the vertical reversing path, and at the position corresponding to the leaf cutting device (14), the cam rail (8b) is removed.
c) is located inside (upper side) the roll (29) and is configured to restrict the movement of the second transport tool (19) in the direction away from the first transport tool (18). This cam rail (8c) is referred to as a second transport tool posture regulating mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to hold the onion (a) in cooperation with the first carrier (18) for pushing the onion (a) by its own weight and maintain the onion (a) in the cutting stem (b) cutting posture. it can.

As shown in FIG. 11, at the outer side position of the vertical inversion path,
A rotation belt (62) with a brush that rotates along an up-down reversal path is provided, and the leaf stem portion (b) wound around the first and second transfer tools (18) and (19) in this up-down reversal path and sideways. This brush is brought into contact with the leaf stem (b) that has escaped to
You may employ | adopt the structure which hangs a leaf stem part (b) between both conveyance tools (18) and (19). In addition, this rotating body with brush (6
2) may be configured with the mounting frame (63) that also serves as a cover so that the perspective can be adjusted with respect to the vertically inverted path.

[Another embodiment]

The first carrier tool posture restriction mechanism (27) is pinned, and the second
Although the transport tool posture regulation mechanism (8c) is configured by the cam rail, other configurations may be used as long as they can satisfy the posture regulation function.

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of an onion harvesting machine according to the present invention. Fig. 1 is a side view showing a state in which the onion is cut, and Fig. 2 shows that the first conveying tool is regulated in an onion receiving posture by a posture regulating mechanism. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state, FIG. 3 is a side view showing a conveyance path of onion, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a first conveyance tool and a second conveyance tool.
5 is an overall side view, FIG. 6 is a rear view showing a cutting blade drive mechanism, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a cutting blade drive mechanism, FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view showing a cutting blade structure, and FIG. Figures (a) and (b) are a longitudinal side view and a rear view, respectively, showing a cutting blade drive mechanism, and FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a driving structure of a belt conveyor and a cutting blade.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing a rotating body with a brush. (8c) …… Second carrier tool posture restriction mechanism, (11) …… Lift carrier device, (12) …… Hold carrier device, (14) …… Leaf cutting device, (16) …… Carrier chain, ( 18) ... first carrier, (19) ... second carrier, (27) ... first carrier attitude control mechanism, (a) ... onion, (b) ... leaf stem.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lifting / conveying device (11) for lifting an excavated onion (a) is provided, and the onion (a) is received from the upper end of the lifting / conveying device (11) and is fed laterally to convey the onion (a). A first transport tool (18) that supports and a second transport tool (19) that cooperates with the first transport tool (18) to hold the onion (a).
And the carrying tools (18) and (19) are provided at the lower end of the up-down reversing path that is inverted downward from the end of the lateral feeding conveying path in the enclosing conveying apparatus (12).
Leaf-cutting device (14) for cutting the more drooping leaf stem (b)
An onion harvesting machine provided with the first transport tool (1
8) and the second transfer tool (19) are pivotally supported with respect to the transfer chain (16) respectively, and the first and second transfer tools (18) of the transfer chain (16) are also supported. Pivotal branch (2
In 1), the first transport tool (18) restricts swinging in a direction away from the second transport tool (19) from a predetermined posture in which the first transport tool (18) receives and supports the onion (a) and the second transport tool (19). 19) is provided with a first carrier tool posture restricting mechanism (27) that allows swinging in a direction approaching, and the second carrier is provided at the lower end of the vertical inversion path.
An onion harvester provided with a second transport tool posture regulating mechanism (8c) for maintaining a predetermined posture in which the transport tool (19) holds the onion (a).