JPH0815682B2 - Steel shears - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a steel shearing machine used for demolition work of buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a steel shearing machine attached to a power shovel as an attachment is used for dismantling a steel frame, a reinforced concrete structure, a steel scrap or an alloy steel chemical machine. Regarding this steel shearing machine, for example, the following proposal is shown in US Pat. No. 4,519,135. This will be described with reference to FIG.

The lower jaw 1 is integrally attached to an arm 2 of a power shovel, and an upper jaw 4 is provided on the lower jaw 1 via a support shaft 3 so that the lower jaw 1 can be vertically swung open and closed. There is. When the work is sandwiched between the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 and the upper jaw 4 is closed by the hydraulic cylinder 5, the work is sheared. In the side view, the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 each have a recessed portion toward the tip from the support shaft 3 in order to widen the distance between them in the central portion, so that the sandwiched work is not slipped forward and escaped. There is. The upper jaw 4 is formed in a single row, the lower jaw 1 is formed in a double row, and the single row of the upper jaw 4 is rotated between the plurality of rows of the lower jaw 1 to be inserted from above. The lower jaw 1 is provided with a contact plate 6 at the front end portion of the multiple rows, and the contact plates 6 connect the tips of the multiple rows so as not to open to the left and right. A plurality of shear blades 7, 8 and 9 are attached to the opposing edges of the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1, respectively. The upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 are attached with wear plates 10, 8 and 9 on the opposite side where these shear blades 7, 8 and 9 are attached.
11 are attached respectively to prevent lateral escape of the upper jaw 4 during shearing.

However, in the proposed steel shearing machine, the lower jaw 1 has a plurality of rows, and the lower jaw 1 is provided with a contact plate 6, and the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 have wear plates, respectively. Since 10 and 11 are provided, there is a problem that the weight becomes large as a whole, and thus the power shovel to which the steel shearing machine is attached also becomes large. The device for preventing the lateral opening of the upper jaw during shearing is also shown as a lateral vibration prevention plate in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-119756.

On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-49273, a cylinder case detachably attached to the tip of the arm of a power shovel via a turning device and a hydraulic cylinder built into the cylinder case swings. It consists of a pair of cutter bodies that are dynamically opened and closed, and are rotatably supported by a support shaft that is laid horizontally in the cylinder case. The cutter bodies have shear blades. A steel shearer is shown.

However, in such a steel shearing machine, since a pair of cutter bodies (corresponding to jaws) are constructed in a single row, respectively, the size and weight can be reduced. Since the cutter body does not have the space to escape in the axial direction on the support shaft, there is a problem that the shear blade is damaged or the work is not sheared if the work is subjected to excessive shear resistance.

[0007]

Therefore, the present invention was created in order to solve such problems, and the gist of the present invention is as follows: 1) The tip of an arm such as a power shovel,
Through a swivel device, a cylinder case that is detachably attached, a lower jaw having a shearing blade that is integrally provided in the cylinder case, and a support shaft that is laid across the cylinder case so that the cylinder case is rotatable. And in a steel shearing machine consisting of an upper jaw having a shearing blade that opens and closes by a hydraulic cylinder built into a cylinder case, the lower jaw and the upper jaw are configured in a single row in a scissor shape, and each of the upper jaw and the lower jaw is Opponent
A rotating shear blade is attached to the upper jaw shoulder over almost the entire shoulder.
Fixed shear blades are provided on the shoulders of the chin to control the shear angle.
Formed, yet with a backup ring between the upper and lower jaw
A clearance is formed by providing the upper jaw so that the upper jaw can rotate and move in the axial direction of the support shaft, and at the end of the support shaft, the upper jaw cannot move when shearing a thin steel material, and when shearing a thick steel material. In order to make the upper jaw movable within the allowable range, the upper jaw is always biased and pressed in the axial direction of the support shaft to the lower jaw side , and a spring body fitted on the support shaft is provided. 2) In the steel shearing machine, 2) a lower jaw is formed with a recessed portion in which the central portion is the lowest in the side view from the support shaft toward the tip end, and a work front slip prevention protrusion is provided on the top surface of the tip end. In addition, in the steel shearing machine according to claim 1, the upper jaw is made linear in a side view from the support shaft toward the tip, and a plurality of work front slip prevention projections are provided on the lower surface thereof.
In addition, 3) a convex portion is formed on the upper jaw in the side view, the central portion being the highest near the tip from the support shaft, and the lower jaw,
The steel shearing machine according to claim 1, wherein a recess is formed such that a central portion thereof becomes the minimum in the side view toward the tip from the support shaft, and 4) the upper jaw faces the tip from the support shaft in the side view in the side view. The steel shearing machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a concave portion having a minimum in the vicinity of the central portion, and a concave portion having a minimum in the vicinity of the central portion as viewed from the side of the support shaft in a side view.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The construction of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to first, second and third embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Each of these examples is suitable as an attachment for a power shovel, and a hydraulic cylinder for opening and closing the upper and lower jaws is provided in a steel shearing machine.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is FIG.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 3, and FIG. 3 is a skeleton view of a main part of FIG. 1. However, the same parts as those of FIG.

In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder for opening and closing the upper and lower jaws is built in, and the upper and lower jaws are each formed in a single row to form a scissor shape that is generally used, and as a whole. By reducing the weight, the steel shearing machine can be swung freely with respect to the arm of the power shovel.

The lower jaw 1 is integrally extended from the cylinder case 12, and the base of the upper jaw 4 is the cylinder case 1.
It is attached so as to be opened and closed up and down by a support shaft 3 provided at 2. The lower jaw 1 has a support shaft 3 in a side view.
Recessed part 1 where the central part becomes the lowest as it goes to the tip
3 (see FIG. 3), and the upper jaw 4 in a side view,
It is formed linearly toward the tip.

At the shoulder of the lower jaw 1 facing the upper jaw 4, shearing blades 8 and 9 are provided along the concave portion 13 with bolts 14.
It is detachably attached by. In the upper jaw 4,
Shear blades 7, 7 are linearly removably attached to the shoulder portion facing the lower jaw 1 by bolts 14. Then, by the shearing blade 9 of the lower jaw 1 and the shearing blade 7 of the upper jaw 4,
A shear angle α in shearing action is formed. In the case where the work 15 is mild steel, if the shear angle α is 35 ° or less, the work 14 will slip forward and will not escape.

On the upper surface of the tip of the lower jaw 1, a work front slip prevention convex portion 16 is integrally provided. On the lower surface of the upper jaw 4, a plurality of convex portions 17, 17 for preventing the front slip of the workpiece are formed.
Are provided integrally.

A cylinder boss 18 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder case 12, and the tip of a rod 19 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is swingably supported by the cylinder boss 18. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is built in the cylinder case 12 in a substantially vertical direction, and is rotatably connected to the rear portion of the upper jaw 4.

On the rear surface of the cylinder case 12, a turning end plate 20 and a fixing end plate 21 are joined and provided, and the turning end plate 20 is fixed to the rear surface of the cylinder case 12. The fixing end plate 21 is fixed to the bracket 22. The bracket 22 is provided with an arm pin 23 for connecting to the arm of the power shovel and a link pin 24 for connecting to a boom hydraulic cylinder provided parallel to the arm of the power shovel. There is.

The turning end plate 20 contains an internal gear (not shown), and the fixing end plate 21 contains a hydraulic motor and a swivel joint (not shown). Therefore, when the internal gear is rotated by the pinion directly connected to the hydraulic motor, the turning end plate 2
0 turns and turns the entire steel shearing machine 360 ° with respect to the arm of the power shovel.

Next, a lateral escape preventing device for preventing the upper jaw 4 from laterally escaping during shearing will be described.

In FIG. 4, a support shaft 3 is press-fitted into a lower jaw 1 extending integrally from a cylinder case 12, and an upper jaw 4 is rotatably supported by the support shaft 3. In FIG. 4, a bearing 25 is provided on the support shaft 3 on the left side of the lower jaw 1. The bearing 25 is supported by the cylinder case 12, and the left side of the support shaft 3 is supported by the bearing 25. . Further, a disc spring suppressing member 26 is provided on the right side of the upper jaw 4 of the support shaft 3, and the right side of the supporting shaft 3 is supported by the disc spring suppressing member 26. The bearing 25 is fixed to the upper jaw connecting member 27 by bolts 28. The upper jaw connecting member 2
Although not shown, 7 is connected to the upper jaw 4. Therefore, when the upper jaw 4 is opened and closed by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 5, the bearing 25 is also displaced.

On the other hand, the disc spring suppressing member 26 is integrated with the cylinder case 12, and the disc spring suppressing member 2
A disc spring 29 , which is a spring body, is interposed between the upper jaw 4 and the upper jaw 4, and always biases and presses the upper jaw 4 toward the lower jaw 1. Therefore, if the upper jaw 4 moves axially on the support shaft 3 and tries to laterally escape during shearing, the elastic force of the disc spring 29 prevents the lateral escape.

It should be noted that the both ends of the support shaft 3 have shaft end covers 30 and 3.
1 is fitted, and one shaft end lid 30 has the bearing 25
The shaft end cover 30 is removed and the grease passage 33 is filled with grease. The other shaft end cover 31 is fixed to the support shaft 3 by bolts 34, and the shaft end cover 31 is removed to fill the grease passage 35 with grease.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 36 denotes a rubber backup ring provided between the lower jaw 1 and the upper jaw 4, which is the lower jaw 1 and the upper jaw 4.
The blades are expanded and contracted by the distance in the left and right direction at each blade edge (this is called a clearance in shearing action),
The grease between the upper jaw 4 and the support shaft 3 is sealed.
37 is a washer for the disc spring 29.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Work 1
Before shearing 5 or when a thin work piece 15 is sandwiched, the upper jaw 4 is pressed toward the lower jaw 1 by the elastic force of the disc spring 29 as shown in FIG. At this time, the upper jaw 4
And the clearance d between each blade of the lower jaw 1 is a fraction
^mm . In this state, the thin work piece 15 is sheared.

Next, when shearing the thick workpiece 15,
When the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 sandwich the work 15 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 operates, the upper jaw 4 is closed and when the work 15 is started to be sheared by the shearing blades 7, 7 and 8, 9 as shown in FIG. Moves to the right in the figure against the elastic force of the disc spring 29. At this time, the backup ring 36 inserted between the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 swells and maintains the grease seal. Since the elastic force of the disc spring 29 is set so that the clearance (clearance) d of the blades is a maximum of several ^mm or less, the shearing blades 7 and 9 of the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 have the maximum clearance (clearance). It is possible to escape to the side and move. Therefore, first, when the downward shearing force of the upper jaw 4 acts on the work 15, a force to bend the work 15 acts, but at this time, the upper jaw 4 bends the work 15 at the moment (shearing force F × maximum interval). The displacement of d'-d is performed against the disc spring 29 until it reaches d '). Therefore,
The thick workpiece 15 is first bent by a moment, not just a shear cut. When the work 15 is bent by this moment, cracks c may be formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the work 15. Next, when the upper jaw 4 is further pushed down, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper and lower surfaces of the work 15 are cut by the shearing blades 7 and 9, and the work 1 is cut.
5 leads to shear. Of course, this shearing state differs depending on the size of the cross-sectional area (wall thickness) of the work 15, but the thick work 1
In the case of 5, this is generally done in this way.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the difference from the first embodiment is that the upper jaw 4 is formed with a convex portion 38 having the highest portion in the vicinity of the central portion as it goes toward the tip by the support shaft 3 in a side view. There is. Moreover, in the upper jaw 4, a top-shaped intermediate shear blade 39 is interposed between the two front and rear shear blades 7, 7. In addition, in the case of the second embodiment, it is not necessary to provide the convex portions 16 and 17 for preventing the work front slippage as in the first embodiment.

According to the second embodiment, when the work 15 is made of H steel, the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 sandwich the H steel, and when the upper jaw 4 is closed, the shearing blade 7 behind the upper jaw 4 and the rear of the lower jaw 1. Shearing blade 9
The pair of flanges of H steel is compressed by and. At that time, since the lower jaw 1 is formed with the concave portion 13 and the upper jaw 4 is formed with the convex portion 38, the H steel is sheared without sliding forward. Moreover, the opening of the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 can be configured to be large due to the convex portion 38.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the difference from the first embodiment is that
The upper jaw 4 is formed with a recess 40 having a minimum in the vicinity of the central portion as it goes from the support shaft 3 toward the tip in a side view. Moreover, the lower jaw 1 is not provided with a shear blade between the recess 13 and the support shaft 3.

According to the third embodiment, when the work 15 is a steel rod, the upper jaw 4 and the lower jaw 1 sandwich the steel rod, and when the upper jaw 4 is closed, the steel blade is cut by the shearing blades 7, 7 and 8. As it enters and closes, the depth of cut becomes deeper,
When a / 4 size cut is made, the steel bar is sheared. At this time, there is no shearing blade between the concave portion 13 of the lower jaw 1 and the support shaft 3, but since the shearing blade is sheared by the cut of 3/4 of the steel rod, there is no problem in one direction.

Although a disc spring is used to prevent lateral relief of the upper jaw 4 in each of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this .

[0029]

According to the present invention, the upper and lower jaws are formed in a single row in a scissor shape that forms a clearance and shear angle, which are commonly used, to reduce the size and weight of the entire cylinder, and further to make the cylinder case Having built a hydraulic cylinder, dedicated
The steel shearing machine can be easily swiveled with respect to the arm of the power shovel, etc., and no matter what the position of the work, the steel shearing machine can be placed in the best posture for reliable shearing. Since the upper jaw is provided with a biased spring body , when shearing thick steel material, the upper jaw slightly moves on the support shaft to increase the clearance and generate a moment to the steel material based on the shearing force. By using, it is possible to perform good shearing. Therefore, even if there is no device for preventing the upper and lower jaws from opening to the left and right (for example, the lateral vibration preventing plate in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-119756), that is, even if the upper and lower jaws are configured in a single row Meat steel can be sheared.

[0030] Moreover, a backup phosphorus is placed between the upper and lower jaws.
Since the clearance is provided by setting the
Even if the body is pressed against the lower jaw, the upper jaw shear blade and the lower jaw shear
The cutting edge does not overlap.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of FIG.

3 is a skeleton diagram of a main part of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a detailed sectional view taken along the arrows AA of FIG.

5 is an operation diagram of FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main part of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an essential part of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 ... Lower jaw, 3 ... Support shaft, 4 ... Upper jaw, 5 ...
Hydraulic cylinder, 12 ... Cylinder case, 29 ... Disc spring

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Zakoji 3-8-2 Oyodochu, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Oyodo Diesel Stock Association In-house (56) Bibliography Sho 63-119756 (JP, U) )

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder case detachably attached to a tip of an arm of a power shovel or the like via a turning device, a lower jaw having a shearing blade integrally provided on the cylinder case, and the cylinder. In a steel shearing machine, which is rotatably supported by a support shaft laterally mounted on a case and has an upper jaw having a shearing blade opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder built in a cylinder case, the lower jaw and the upper jaw are scissor-shaped. In a single row, cover the upper jaw and the lower jaw over substantially all the shoulders facing each other.
A rotating shear blade on the shoulder and a fixed shear blade on the lower jaw.
They are provided to form a shear angle, and the upper and lower jaws
A backup ring is provided between the chin and clearance
The upper jaw is formed to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction of the support shaft, and at the end of the support shaft, the upper jaw cannot be moved when the thin-walled steel material is sheared. In order to make it movable, the upper jaw is always urged and pressed in the axial direction of the support shaft toward the lower jaw side , and
A steel shearing machine, which is provided with an externally fitted spring body . 2. A lower jaw is formed with a concave portion having a minimum in the vicinity of a central portion as viewed from the side toward the tip from the support shaft, and a work front slip prevention convex portion is provided on the upper surface of the tip, and the upper jaw is provided with a side surface. Visually, straight from the support shaft to the tip,
The steel shearing machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of work front slip prevention projections are provided on the lower surface thereof. 3. A convex portion is formed on the upper jaw in the side view, and the central portion is the highest in the vicinity of the tip from the support shaft, and in the lower jaw, in the side view, the central portion is in the vicinity of the tip from the support shaft. The steel shearing machine according to claim 1, wherein the recessed portion which becomes the minimum is formed. 4. A recess is formed in the upper jaw such that the central portion is the lowest in the side view from the support shaft toward the tip, and the lower jaw is the lower portion in the side view from the support shaft in the center portion near the tip. The steel shearing machine according to claim 1, wherein a recessed portion is formed.