JPH0816437B2 - Shield machine for parallel tunnel excavation - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shield machine capable of simultaneously excavating a parallel tunnel such as a double-track underground road.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a shield machine for excavating such a parallel tunnel, a wide skin plate is formed by partially overlapping a pair of left and right cylindrical skin plates with each other.
There is known a structure in which a rotary cutter plate is arranged at the open end of each of the cylindrical plates forming the skin plate in a state of being shifted forward and backward.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a shield excavator, it is difficult to construct an evacuation passage in an appropriate place between the two tunnels because the space between the parallel tunnels is narrow.

On the other hand, in the case of constructing a station section between railways like a subway, excavating vertical shafts at both ends of the planned station section in the tunnel length direction and a single-line parallel shield by a single shield excavator between these vertical shafts. By excavating parallel tunnels with a certain interval by the construction method, segmenting the excavated tunnel wall surface, and then laying steel pipe sheet piles from one vertical shaft to the other vertical shaft in the ground between the opposite upper parts of these tunnel linings. Sequentially connecting the end faces of each other in order to form a number of arch walls, or from one tunnel lining to the other tunnel lining while connecting fixed length curved pipes in series. To form a single beam on the arch wall by arranging such beams in close contact in the tunnel length direction, and After removing the factory, it has been carried out to construction of the station unit to the drilling portion by drilling a lower ground of the arch wall.

According to such a tunnel construction method, the parallel tunnel is excavated by the single-line parallel shield construction method, and then the arch wall is formed between both tunnels. Therefore, the construction period from the tunnel excavation to the construction of the station, etc. Not only is it uneconomical because it requires a long period of time, is costly and expensive, and the arch wall is formed by driving a large number of steel pipe sheet piles or curved pipes into the ground, so the work is complicated. Is inefficient, and it is difficult to form a highly accurate arch wall, and the joint between the tunnel lining on both sides and both ends of the arch wall is poor, and there is also a problem in terms of waterproofness. Occurs.

Moreover, the above method is unsuitable in terms of construction cost as a construction method for constructing a comparatively narrow portion as in the case of forming an evacuation passage between parallel tunnels.

As a shield machine capable of forming such a relatively wide wide portion, a cylindrical skin plate having a cutter plate at the front end of the opening is divided into two parts, and the opposing wall parts of these divided skin plates are expanded and contracted with each other. It is known to have a structure in which they are freely polymerized, but this shield machine excavates a cylindrical skin plate itself to widen a single tunnel cross section, and it is a side-by-side tunnel with a constant cross section. It does not increase the width of the space, and therefore it is not possible to build evacuation passages between the parallel tunnels.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine capable of efficiently constructing parallel tunnels having a constant cross-sectional shape and a space part such as an evacuation passage between the parallel tunnels with high efficiency.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, a shield machine for juxtaposed tunnel excavation of the present invention has a tubular skin plate on a partition wall extending in a front portion of the tubular skin plate. A pair of shield machine bodies that are rotatably supported by a cutter plate disposed at the front end of the opening of the shield machine body are arranged in parallel with a small space between them, and a hollow portion that can expand and contract in the width direction between opposing inner side surfaces of these shield machine bodies. And a center cutter plate is provided in the center of the front end of the opening of the hollow part, and the upper and lower parts of the center cutter plate are made up of an auger screw having an excavating blade on the blade end face, and both ends of the rotary shaft are connected. The center cutter plate and the upper and lower auger screens are provided with an excavating means which is rotatably and slidably supported in a longitudinal direction between bearings fixed to the partition walls of the both-side shield body. A jack that enables excavation of a face in correspondence with the expansion and contraction of the hollow portion by means of an excavating means with a roof, and further expands and contracts the hollow portion between the earth and sand discharging means, the lining assembly means and both shield aircraft. It is characterized in that it is provided with a telescopic mechanism such as.

(Operation) When the skin plates of the side-by-side shield aircraft are drawn to each other by the expansion / contraction mechanism, the hollow portion shrinks and the two shield aircraft come close to each other.

In this state, excavating the ground with the cutter plate provided at the opening front end of each skin plate and the excavating means at the hollow front end while propelling the shield body integrally in this state, both cutter plates were installed side by side with a certain interval. Tunnels having a constant cross-sectional shape are excavated, and a narrow space portion formed by excavating means disposed between the cutter plates is formed between these tunnels.

Next, during the excavation of this side-by-side tunnel, when a space such as an evacuation passage is formed between the two tunnels, the expansion / contraction mechanism is extended to gradually separate the space between the left and right shield bodies from each other. Excavate while widening the section.

Then, when the hollow portion expands to a desired width, the ground is further excavated by the cutter plates of both shield aircraft and the excavation means provided at the open ends of the hollow portions in that state, and both shield aircraft are installed side by side. A tunnel is built, and an evacuation passage and the like are built in a hollow portion enlarged between the juxtaposed tunnels. The excavating means for excavating the face in front of the hollow portion includes a center cutter plate disposed at the center of the front end of the opening of the hollow portion, and both end portions of the rotary shaft disposed below the center cutter plate on both sides. Since it consists of an auger screw rotatably and slidably supported in the length direction between bearings fixed to the bulkhead of the machine body, the space between the shield machines on both sides, that is, even if the width of the hollow part is expanded or contracted, The face in front of the central part of the hollow part can be excavated by the center cutter plate, and in the upper and lower parts of the hollow part, the rotary shafts of the upper and lower auger screws with respect to the bearings supported by the partition wall according to the expansion and contraction of the central part. Slides in the lengthwise direction, and these auger screws can surely excavate the upper and lower front face of the hollow portion.

After forming the evacuation passage of the desired length, the left and right shield bodies are contracted again to construct a parallel tunnel.

It should be noted that, in accordance with the excavation of both shield aircraft, circumferentially continuous segment lining is applied in the tail portion of the skin plate and the tail portion of the hollow portion of these shield aircraft.

(Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(1a) and (1b) are a pair of shield aircraft that are arranged side by side with a small space left and right, and are completely closed at the front end openings of cylindrical skin plates (2a) and (2b) with a fixed diameter and a specified length. The circular cutter plates (3a) (3b) of the mold are respectively arranged, and the upper and lower portions of the inner side walls of the cylindrical skin plates (2a) (2b) facing each other are cut along the entire length. Upper and lower horizontal plate portions (4a) (5a), (4
b) (5b) is integrally projected, and the upper and lower horizontal plates (4a) (5a) projecting on one skin plate (2a) are opposed to the inner surface of the other skin plate (2b). The horizontal flat plate portions (4b) and (5b) are slidably superposed in the width direction, respectively, and the upper superposed horizontal plate portions (4a) (4b) and the lower superposed horizontal plate portion (5a) are superposed.
A central portion between the skin plates (2a) and (2b) surrounded by (5b) is formed as a hollow portion (6) communicating with the skin plates (2a) and (2b).

The width of this hollow part (6) is the above-mentioned shield body (1a).
When the (1b) are moved in a direction in which they are brought into contact with or separated from each other, the overlapping widths of the upper and lower overlapping horizontal plate portions (4a), (4b), (5a), and (5b) are changed to expand and contract.

(7) is a packing interposed between the upper overlapping horizontal plate portions (4a) and (4b) and between the lower overlapping horizontal plate portions (5a) and (5b). It is attached to the end over the entire length.

(8a) and (8b) are installed inside the front parts of the skin plates (2a) and (2b) with a small distance behind them from the cutter plates (3a) and (3b) of the left and right shield aircraft (1a) and (1b). Of the partition walls (8a), (8b) facing each other, the inner walls of the partition walls (8a), (8b) projecting into the hollow portion (6) and the upper and lower ends thereof are respectively horizontal plate portions (4a), (5).
Partition ends (8a ') (8) fixed to (a), (4b) and (5b)
b ') are integrally extended, and the partition wall end portions (8a') (8
b ') is polymerized so as to be slidable in the left-right direction in the hollow portion (6).

A packing (7a) is also interposed between the superposed surfaces of the partition wall end portions (8a ') (8b').

(9) is a skin plate (2a) (2b) between the front surface of the partition walls (8a) (8b) having partition wall ends (8a ') (8b') and the back surface of the cutter plates (3a) (3b). The earth and sand intake chamber is formed by the space surrounded by the front ends of the front end and the upper and lower overlapping horizontal plate parts (4a) (5a) (4b) (5b).

A rotary shaft (31) integrally fixed to the center of the rear surface of the cutter plates (3a) (3b) as shown in FIG. At the same time, the drive motors (11a) and (11b) are arranged at appropriate positions on the back surfaces of the partition walls (8a) and (8b), and the drive motors (11a)
The rotary shafts (31) of the cutter plates (3a) (3b) are driven to rotate from (11b) through an appropriate rotation transmission mechanism such as a meshing gear.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a motor is provided at the center of the back surface of the rear side partition end portions (8b ') (8a') (8b ') which are superposed in the hollow portion (6) in the front and rear direction. A rotary drive means (12) composed of the like is disposed, and the rotary shaft (13) is made to penetrate through these polymerized partition end portions (8a ′) (8b ′) to the front end side of the central portion of the earth and sand intake chamber (9). And a small-diameter circular center cutter plate (14) is fixed to the protruding end.

The front partition wall end (8a ') is provided with a long hole (15) elongated in the width direction, and the rotary shaft (13) is provided in the long hole (15). It is inserted so as to be relatively movable in the left-right direction with respect to ′).

Further, the center cutter plates (14) are arranged so as to overlap between the back surfaces of the large-diameter circular cutter plates (3a) (3b) on the side of the shield machine bodies (1a) (1b) that are close to each other.

Reference numerals (16a) and (16b) are auxiliary cutters composed of an auger screw having an excavation blade on the blade end faces, which are respectively arranged above and below the center cutter plate (14), and have horizontal rotating shafts (16).
a ') (16b') Both ends of the bearings (17a) (17b), (18
It is supported between a) and (18b) so as to be rotatable and slidable in the longitudinal direction, and as shown in FIG. 6, partition walls (8a) and (8b).
Auxiliary cutter driving means such as a motor (2
It can be driven to rotate via a meshing gear mechanism by 9). The driving means may be provided in either one of the bearings.

Further, in the cutter plates (3a) and (3b) arranged at the skin plate opening ends of both shield machine bodies (1a) and (1b), a large number are arranged in slits (32) that are radially formed. Among the members (34) having the individual excavating bits (33), the bit mounting member (34 ') arranged in the short slit (32') can be moved radially by a jack (not shown). The outer end of the cutter plate (3a) (3b) can be projected outward from the outer peripheral end.

(19a) and (19b) are front upper and lower jacks disposed between the upper and lower portions of the partition walls (8a) and (8b) on the back surfaces of the partition walls (8a) and (8b) on both sides, and partition wall ends (8a '). (8b ') is connected between the connecting members (21a) and (21b) protruding from the connecting portion.

As shown in FIG. 7, the connecting members (21a) and (21b) are brackets fixed to the inner surfaces of the skin plates (2a) and (2b) or the inner surfaces of the inner horizontal plate portions (4b) and (5b), and the rear side thereof. As shown in FIG. 4, both ends of the rear upper and lower jacks (20a) (20b) are also connected between the paired lower end portions of the front and rear, and these front and rear upper and lower jacks (19a) (19b) (20a) ( 20
By expanding and contracting b), both sides shield aircraft (1a)
It is configured such that the space between (1b) is changed and the upper and lower overlapping horizontal plate portions (4a), (5a), (4b) and (5b) are expanded and contracted in the width direction to expand and contract the width of the hollow part (6). I am doing it.

Reference numeral (22) is a support bracket projecting from the rear inner peripheral surface of both side skin plates (2a) and (2b) to the rear inner surface of the inner horizontal plate portions (4b) and (5b), and along the inner surfaces thereof. A large number of propulsion jacks installed at small intervals in the circumferential direction (23)
The base end faces of the propeller jacks are contacted and received, and the spreader (24) attached to the rod ends of these propulsion jacks (23) is pressed against the front end face of the segment lining (25) to push the propelling jacks (25). By extending 23), the entire shield body is advanced.

(26) and (27) are sending and discharging mud pipes arranged inside the tunnels to be excavated from inside the shield body (1a) (1b) on both sides, and the front ends of these pipes penetrate the partition walls (8a) (8b). And is communicated with the earth and sand intake chamber (9).
7) and the earth and sand separation tank (not shown) installed on the ground, the mud is returned to discharge the earth and sand excavated to the ground.

(28) is an erector movably arranged in the shield body (1a) (1b), and (30) is both side skin plates (2a)
(2b) A reinforcing member connected and fixed between the upper and lower parts at the inner open end at appropriate intervals in the length direction.

With this configuration, in order to dig a parallel tunnel (T) (T) without providing a space such as an evacuation passage in the center, the front and rear jacks (19a) to (20b) are contracted. Horizontal plate parts (4a) (4b), (5a) (5b) that overlap with each other and that extend to the inner facing parts of the skin plates (2a) (2b) of the double-sided shield fuselage (1a) (1b) )
The two shields (1a) and (1b) are placed side by side with each other largely overlapped.

In this state, the drive motors (11a) and (11b), the rotation drive means (12) and (29) are operated, and the shield machine body (1a)
The large diameter circular cutter plate (3a) (3b) of (1b), the center cutter plate (14) at the front end of the hollow portion (6), and the upper and lower auxiliary cutters (16a) (16b) are rotated, and the shield machine body (1a) ( Skin plate (2a) using erector (28) in tail part of skin plate (2a) (2b) of 1b)
The spreader (24) of the propulsion jack (23) is received by the front end surface of the segment lining (25) already assembled along the inner surfaces of (2b) and the inner horizontal plate portions (4b) and (5b), and the propulsion jack is When the (23) is extended, the pair of left and right shield aircraft (1a) (1b) are integrally propelled, and the cutter plate (3a)
(3b) excavates the ground and cutter plate (3a)
The ground between (3b) is excavated by the center cutter plate (14) and the upper and lower auxiliary cutters (16a) (16b).

The excavated earth and sand is taken into the intake chamber (9) on the back side of the cutter plate, and is sent to the earth and sand separation tank installed on the ground through the tunnel by the mud water which is sent and is returned from the mud pipes (26) and (27).

When the entire device is excavated for a certain length by the operation of the propulsion jack (23), the propulsion jack (23) is contracted, and then a plurality of segments are circumferentially arranged in the tail portion along the tunnel inner wall surface as described above. Then, this operation is repeated every time the entire apparatus is dug for a certain length.

By excavating the entire device in this way, as shown in FIG. 9, circular tunnels (T) (T) having a constant diameter parallel to each other are excavated behind the two-sided shielded airframes (1a) (1b) and Excavation with a narrow space (S) between the tunnels (T) and (T) formed by the center cutter plate (14) and the upper and lower auxiliary cutters (16a) and (16b) communicating with both tunnels (T) and (T) 2 after the above segment lining construction
The next lining and the construction of bulkheads and columns will be performed to form double-track underground roads (36) (36) as shown in Fig. 10.

Next, during the construction of this tunnel (T) (T),
When the interval between the tunnels (T) (T) is enlarged and an appropriate passage such as an evacuation passage is formed in the enlarged portion, when the passage planning position is reached, the front and rear jacks (19) are provided.
a) to (20b) are gradually extended, and both sides shield aircraft (1
a) Increase the space between (1b).

That is, when the jacks (19a) to (20b) are extended, the upper and lower horizontal plate portions (4a) (4b), which overlap each other,
The hollow part (6) widens while sliding (5a) and (5b) in the left and right directions.

At this time, in the same manner as above, the cutter plates (3a) (3b), the center cutter plate (14), and the vertical auxiliary cutter (16a)
While excavating by (16b), at the same time, the bit mounting member (34 ') of the cutter plates (3a) (3b) of the shield aircraft (1a) (1b) on both sides is rotated by the rotation of the cutter plates (3a) (3b). When the mounting member (34 ') reaches the outer side, it is gradually protruded to the outer side, and both sides of the shield body (1a) (1a) (1a) (1a) (1a)
Gradually separate b).

Moreover, the auxiliary cutters (16a) and (16b) arranged on the upper and lower sides of the center cutter plate (14) have partition walls (8a) at both ends thereof due to the separation of the shield machines (1a) and (1b) on both sides. The center cutter plate (14) with a small diameter is adjusted to correspond to the excavation length according to the widening while sliding in the longitudinal direction relative to the bearings (17a) to (18b) supported by (8b). Cannot excavate the upper and lower ground between large diameter circular cutter plates (3a) (3b).

In addition, when the shield body (1a) (1b) on both sides is separated,
Upper and lower horizontal plate parts (4b) (5) of one skin plate (2a)
The horizontal movement of the upper and lower horizontal plate portions (4b) and (5b) of the other skin plate (2a) (2b) with respect to b) causes one of the skin plates (2a) and (2b) to move outward as shown in FIG. The propelling jack (23) may be arranged in the pulled-out state through the spacer (37).

In this way, when the hollow portions (6) in the middle are widened to the desired width due to the separation of the shield machines (1a) and (1b) on both sides, the jacks (19a) to (20b) are locked and the width is maintained in the above state. Similarly, the entire device is propelled to excavate the widening tunnel to the desired length.

As shown in FIG. 11, the excavated widening tunnel is widened between circular parallel-arranged tunnels (T ') (T') having a constant diameter with a larger interval than the tunnels (T) (T). A wide space portion (S ') formed by the hollow portion (6) communicates with both tunnels (T') (T '), and the skin plate (2a) (2b) has a tail portion at which the skin plate (2a) is connected. )
By assembling the segment along the inner surface of the hollow portion (6) which is widened from the inner surface of (2b), a series of the tunnel (T ') (T') and the space portion (S ') are formed in the same manner as above. And the construction of the secondary lining and bulkheads and pillars after the construction of the segment lining, an evacuation passage (35) is built in the center as shown in FIG. 3
Underground roads (36) (36) will be built on both sides of the road (5).

After constructing the evacuation passageway (35) of the desired length and then contracting the jacks (19a) to (20b), the space between the shield bodies (1a) (1b) on both sides and the hollow part (6) are in the original narrow state. In this state, the double-track tunnel (T) (T) is excavated again in the same manner as described above.

In the above embodiment, as the expansion / contraction structure of the hollow part (6), the upper and lower horizontal plate parts (4a) (4b), (5a) (5b) connected to the skin plates (2a) (2b) on both sides are left and right with respect to each other. However, other means, for example, both sides of a member having a certain width in the width direction with respect to the opposite open ends of the skin plates (2a) (2b) on both sides are formed. You may make it connect so that movement adjustment is possible.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the sealed shield machine using the muddy water reflux type earth and sand discharging means as described above, and may be applied to a shield machine having a suitable earth and sand discharging means such as a screw conveyor. Of course, of course,
In addition to arranging the shield bodies (1a) and (1b) side by side, it is also possible to arrange them in the vertical direction to build an underground road, etc.
In addition to underground roads, it can also be used to build subways and parts of underground malls.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the shield tunneling machine for parallel tunnel excavation of the present invention, the partition extending over the front portion of the tubular skin plate is provided at the opening front end of the tubular skin plate. A pair of shield machine bodies that rotatably support the cutter plates are arranged side by side with a small interval, and the opposing inner side surfaces of these shield machine bodies are communicated with each other through a hollow portion that can be expanded and contracted in the width direction, A center cutter plate is arranged at the center of the front end of the opening of the hollow part, and the upper and lower parts of the center cutter plate are composed of an auger screw having a blade on the end face of the blade. The excavation means, which is rotatably and slidably supported in the longitudinal direction, is provided between the bearings fixed to the partition walls of the partition wall, and the excavation means including the center cutter plate and the upper and lower auger screws is used. It is possible to excavate the face corresponding to the expansion and contraction of the hollow part, and further, an expansion and contraction mechanism such as a jack for expanding and contracting the hollow part between the shield body and the earth and sand discharging means, the lining assembly means and the shield body. Because it is arranged,
Both shield aircraft can excavate parallel tunnels with a fixed interval and at the same time, and at the same time excavate a narrow space communicating with these tunnels by excavation means arranged between the cutter plates of both shield aircraft. Is something that can be done.

In addition, since the hollow part between the two shield machines that are arranged in parallel can be expanded and contracted in the width direction, it is possible to increase the interval between these shield machines and expand the width of the hollow parts, and to advance in this state. By doing so, the space between the tunnels can be expanded and the central space communicating with these tunnels can be widened, and an appropriate passage such as an evacuation passage can be built in the widened part to construct a parallel tunnel. At the same time, it can be efficiently formed. Furthermore, the excavating means for excavating the face in front of the hollow portion between the shield machine bodies is provided with a center cutter plate disposed at the center of the front end of the opening of the hollow portion, and the center cutter plate disposed above and below the center cutter plate. Since both ends of the rotating shaft are auger screws supported rotatably and slidably in the length direction between bearings fixed to the bulkheads of the shield machines on both sides, the space between the shield machines on both sides, that is, the hollow part Even if the width of the hollow part is expanded or contracted, the face in front of the central part of the hollow part can be excavated by the center cutter plate, and in the upper and lower parts of the hollow part, both end shaft parts of the upper and lower auger screws are fixed to the partition wall. It is possible to easily adjust the excavation length according to the expansion and contraction width while sliding relatively in the lengthwise direction, and these auger screws reliably and accurately ensure One in which it is possible to drill the wings.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view,
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the inside of the machine without the sand discharge means, etc., FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views taken along the lines AA and BB in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is the shield machine body. Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the portion, Fig. 6 is a simplified cross-sectional view of the auxiliary cutter portion, Fig. 7 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing the arrangement state of the front and rear expansion / contraction jacks, and Fig. 8 is a state in which both skin plates are separated from each other. Partial omission vertical front view, FIG. 9 is a vertical front view of an excavated parallel tunnel, and FIG. 10 is a vertical front view with a passageway formed.
FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional front view of the widened side-by-side tunnels, and FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional front view of the state where the passage is formed. (1a) (1b) ...... Shield body, (2a) (2b) ...... Skin plate, (3a) (3b) ...... Cutter plate, (4a) (4
b) (5a) (5b) ... upper and lower horizontal plate parts, (6) ... hollow part, (11a) (11b) ... drive motor, (12) ... rotary excavation means, (14) ... center cutter Board, (16a) (16
b) ... Auxiliary cutter, (19a) (19b) (20a) (20b)
…… Scaling jack, (23) …… Propulsion jack, (T)
(T) …… Tunnel, (35) …… Evacuation passage

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of shield machines, each of which has a cutter plate rotatably supported at a front end of an opening of the tubular skin plate and which is rotatably supported by a partition wall extending in a front portion of the tubular skin plate, at small intervals. These shield machines are arranged side by side and communicate with each other between the opposing inner side surfaces of the shield body through a hollow portion which can be expanded and contracted in the width direction, and a center cutter plate is arranged at the center of the front end of the opening of the hollow portion and the center. It consists of an auger screw with excavating blades on the upper and lower sides of the cutter plate, and both ends of its rotating shaft are rotatably and freely slidable in the longitudinal direction between bearings fixed to the partition walls of the shield machines on both sides. Arranging the excavating means to be supported, enabling the excavation of the cutting face corresponding to the expansion and contraction of the hollow portion by the excavating means of the center cutter plate and the upper and lower auger screws,
Further, a shield excavator for parallel tunnel excavation, characterized in that the shield body is provided with an earth and sand discharging means, a lining assembly means, and a telescopic mechanism such as a jack for expanding and contracting the hollow portion between the shield machine bodies. Machine.