JPH0817968B2 - Mixing head for mixing at least two reactive synthesis components at low pressure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Scope of application The present invention relates to a tubular mixing head in which two reaction synthesis components are mixed at low pressure by a high-speed rotation of an agitator inside.

BACKGROUND ART Traditionally, polyurethane mixtures that are foams have been produced at low pressure by a mixing head. That is, the foam material is commercialized by being discharged from the mixing head onto the substrate passing under the mixing head.
To this end, a great many kinds of methods and devices have been proposed, but these methods and devices suffered from many problems solved by the present invention as described below.

That is, as such a problem, since the foam material mixture has high viscosity, its discharge flow tends to be stagnant, and even if the mixing head is reciprocally moved vertically to the direction in which the substrate is moved, The mixture cannot be flowed so as to spread uniformly on the substrate.
To solve this, for example, a discharge nozzle in the shape of a corner tail is used. In addition, there is a system in which compressed air is passed through a small-diameter tube and the foamed material mixture is discharged with the help of the compressed air. In addition, it is necessary to perform mixing of the foam material as a pre-stage for discharging the foam material mixture, but all the conventional methods require a great deal of labor for this mixing work, and the mixing is successful. It was not always going. In addition, there is a problem that the release by compressed air is harmful to human health.

Object, Solution, Advantages The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to allow the foam material to be uniformly discharged, and to prevent the discharge operation from being interrupted during the mixing of the foam material. The object is to provide a mixing head of the kind mentioned at the outset, which is capable of discharging foamed material in various states.

In order to solve this technical problem, in the mixing head according to the present invention, the mixed / reacted mixture is released by the action of centrifugal force and is sprayed on the substrate, and the mixture is dispersed on the substrate. It reacts completely and foams.

The mixing head proposed according to the invention makes it possible to avoid the abovementioned problems, even when the foam mixture has a high viscosity and a small discharge. In particular, there is an advantage that the foam material mixture can be easily and uniformly distributed on the substrate.

A preferred mixing head according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical mixing tube for mixing at least two material components that do not react with each other at low pressure, and a lid-like closing body for closing the upper end of the mixing tube. And a mixing head mounted on the frame of the machine,
A bearing is installed, and the shaft is supported by the bearing in a state of being suspended in the air. The shaft is adapted to be rotated by a driving means, and the shaft is passed through the mixing tube to release the discharge opening. The shaft is equipped with the cylindrical stirrer, and below the bearing,
A gap-shaped first mixing space is provided between the agitator and the stirrer, and a first supply path is bored in the closed body, and one material component is provided through the first supply path. Is supplied to the first mixing space, and one material component is caused to flow out of the first mixing space by the centrifugal force of the shaft. The second mixing space is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the mixing tube and the outer peripheral surface of the stirrer. Is supplied to the lower end of the mixing tube,
It is characterized in that a discharge opening for discharging the above-mentioned material components so as to spread in a conical shape is provided.

For example, when manufacturing a foam material, if the width of the distribution needs to be adjusted, the mixing head is adjusted vertically. In this case, the cone of foam mixture spread by the centrifugal force can cover a region depending on the width to be distributed.

Further, by tilting the mixing head from the upright state by a slight angle and moving it slightly in the horizontal direction, it is possible to manufacture a foam material having a different thickness in the lateral direction with respect to the traveling direction. It is also possible to produce the panel.

If it is necessary to distribute over a wider width (for example, over 1000 mm), it is advisable to arrange the two mixing heads side by side without reciprocating the mixing head in the lateral direction with respect to the traveling direction of the substrate.

One material component that does not react by itself is supplied to the first mixing space. Then, by the centrifugal action of the shaft, the material components are moved to the second mixing space between the mixing tube and the stirrer, and the material component and the other material component are mixed and reacted in the second mixing space. By doing so, the contamination of the bearing is avoided and the continuous operation of the entire mixing head is not hindered.

Spiral grooves are formed around the outer peripheral surface of the stirrer, and these spiral grooves are partially connected by connecting grooves. These connecting grooves extend to the lower end of the stirrer. It is desirable not to be formed like this. If the connecting groove extends to the lower end of the stirrer, when the speed of the material component is high or the mixing processing capacity of the material by the stirrer is small, the material component is not filled in the spiral groove, and Can reach the lower end of the stirrer and avoid contamination of the material components there.

The present invention also provides a thermal insulation material produced using the above-mentioned mixing head, capable of covering a fairly large area of several square meters at a time and used as a layer for insulating and sealing the roof. The purpose is to The insulation has a plurality of insulation strips bonded onto a substrate.

In flat roofs, in particular so-called non-insulated roofs, it is known to stack several layers of sealing material on top of the insulation. In order to simplify the installation of this multi-layered encapsulant, the manufacturer of the insulation material attaches a single-layered encapsulation material to a standard size piece of insulation material of 1 m x 0.5 m to form a single insulation material. It has been attempted that the material has overlapping portions protruding from both sides of the heat insulating material piece, and that this overlapping portion is attached to a similar heat insulating material already laid. This attempted to simplify the entire roofing process and protect the insulation from atmospheric effects. However, in this case, in addition (at least one layer) the original sealant must be provided. This is because the overlapping portion when the heat insulating material is attached is too short, and there is still a risk that moisture may penetrate from the outside.

In this case, in order to further simplify and speed up the work, a web roll of sealing material with a length of up to 10 m and a suitable width was produced. The web roll, which has a length of 10 m, is unrolled and adhered to a foam (insulation) strip. Typically, the web rolls are 1 m wide and 5 m long to cover a 5 square meter roof area in a single operation. Here, 5 m is the shortest length required so that the overlapping portion of the heat insulating material is not too short.

With this web roll, it became possible to spread the heat insulating material to a considerably large area and lay it so as to cover a flat surface. As a web of this sealing material, a roofing web containing standard asphalt is used. However, when the roll is unwound, this web roll supporting the strips of heat insulating material is subject to a large number of folds, which may result in unsealed locations in the finished flat roof. Therefore, some (at least one) roofing web had to be additionally used.

Even today, in the case of flat roofs with a slope of 3% or more, it is necessary to lay at least two sealing layers on the insulation. The common sense of those skilled in the art is that the gradient is 3%
In the following cases, or in the case of no gradient at all, a three-layer sealant (eg a sheet containing asphalt) on the insulation is required. Due to the remarkable development of its quality today, even if a plastic sheet, which is said to be even better on a roof with no slope, is used as a sealant, the plastic sheet laid on the insulation seam will be damaged. It is said that another web must be provided on the seam as a measure against the loss of the sealing function due to softening or softening. Also, any type of web on the web roll is acceptable for protecting the sheet.

A further major drawback of sealing the roof in multiple layers is that bubbles can form in the flat roof. This is caused by the fact that there is a non-bonded portion between the sealing layers such as the web. When stacking sealing layers on top of each other or laying sealing layers on insulation,
If even a small amount of water vapor penetrates, a portion that is not bonded is generated, and bubbles or water bubbles are formed at this portion.

The bubbles formed often burst due to a significant increase in vapor pressure due to, for example, the radiation of sunlight. For the bubbles to burst, vapor pressure above atmospheric pressure can occur only above 100 ° C., if vapor pressure is above atmospheric pressure. However, the bursting of air bubbles in the coating layer may occur due to expansion of the volume of air trapped in each portion that is not joined according to Gay-Lussac's law. According to this law, the volume of air is proportional to absolute temperature. Therefore, if the bonding between the individual sealing layers by gluing or welding is integral and complete, the expansion of air between the sealing layers cannot be avoided. However, it is not possible to bond multiple layers together completely. To date, many improvements have been made by the use of weldable webs where the surfaces of two webs to be joined are fused together. Thereby, the formation of air bubbles can be avoided only when the mutually overlapping or sealing layers are joined together.

Currently, another demand is being made. In other words, there is an increasing demand to prevent water from remaining on the flat roof after rainfall in newly built or rebuilt buildings. This inevitably creates more sloping roofs.

Such roofs are conventionally constructed by using heavy or light concrete as a sloping coating. Although this makes it possible to form a gradient, no measures such as using a heat insulating material or a sealing material have been taken.

A heat insulating material can be used as a matter of course unless a measure such as the use of such a heat insulating material or a sealing material is not taken. Most of such heat insulating materials are made of polystyrene material and formed in a wedge shape. Various demands are made especially in the case of a gradient of 1% to 3%. In this case, the work has to be done mainly according to the already completed drawing. Such demands are wide-ranging, and in the field, it is decided what kind of inclined state, and how to cut or combine the heat insulating materials according to this. Therefore, it is desirable that the heat insulating material has a web-like structure, so that it is possible to manufacture a heat insulating material having a large area in one operation. It is also desirable to provide a heat insulating material that can cover a large area of several square meters at a time.

In addition, it can be used as a single roofing member for the roof area, can be laid in a single operation on a large area, and can be used to tilt the roof without using inclined pieces in advance. You can also use it to configure,
It would be desirable to provide an insulating material that avoids the disadvantages of conventional methods such as waste generation during work, the need for complex assembly work, folds and air bubbles.

The method and the heat insulating material according to the present invention have been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and the heat insulating material according to the present invention can be used as a layer for insulating and sealing the heat insulating material. , It is not necessary to use a separate sealing layer when laying insulation strips on a sheet web with a suitable sealing action and laying them side by side, yet the insulation strips have a rectangular or wedge-shaped cross section Like

In this case, the inclination angle of the wedge-shaped web roll in the lateral direction with respect to the longitudinal direction preferably corresponds to a gradient of 1%, 2% or 3%.

Such an insulation can provide a roof with the required insulating sealing layer without the use of a separate sealing web. This saves a great deal of labor and material, and at the same time reduces the risk of error with less skilled work, thus improving the quality of the roofing.

In this case, the sealing layer can be formed of a plastic sheet or the sealing layer can be formed of a metal foil. In this case, it is important that such a sealing layer allows the heat insulating material to have a proper heat insulating effect,
At the same time, it is possible to provide a sealing layer which can be easily bonded in the overlapping areas so that the insulation is protected from the influence of the atmosphere after installation.

In this case, the insulating material may consist of strips of polyurethane, expanded polystyrene particles or extruded polystyrene. This type of insulation strip is in the form of a solid foam material and provides the best insulation effect. The heat insulating material may be manufactured so as to be put side by side so that there is no gap between the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material before use.

In this case, the heat insulating material has a plurality of diffusion grooves formed on the surface opposite to the sealing layer. These grooves may be formed by regularly arranging a plurality of protrusions having a spherical shape, a rib shape, a truncated cone shape, or another geometric shape on the surface opposite to the sealing layer.

In order to increase the stability of the insulation itself, especially to meet the most severe conditions of use, it is preferred that the insulation and / or laminate be provided with a stabilizing or reinforcing fabric.

Various advantages and preferred embodiments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an outline of a mixing head according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state in which the mixing head is suspended on the machine frame to discharge the foam material.

FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing a state in which the mixing head is swung from a vertical line and tilted to be used.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view partially showing a heat insulating material that can be produced using the mixing head according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the heat insulating material broken along the line VV in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of heat insulating materials arranged to provide a slope on the flat roof. is there.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION FIGS. 1 to 3 show a mixing head 10 according to the present invention. The mixing head 10 mixes synthetic components A and B (not shown) to form a foam material and discharges the mixture foam material. Such a mixing head 10 is attached to a machine frame 11 and is made movable by being driven by a driving means 12. Further, the synthetic components A and B are supplied to the mixing head 10 via a supply line (not shown).

The mixing head 10 has a mixing tube 13 and a closing body 17, and a discharge opening 15 is formed in a lower end portion 14 of the mixing tube 13. Further, the upper end 16 of the mixing tube 13 is
It is fixed to the closing body 17, and the space between the two is sealed.

A chamfered portion 15a is formed in the discharge opening 15 of the mixing tube 13, so that the foam material (combined with the synthetic components A and B) discharged therefrom is a cone as shown in FIG. It has a shape K.

Inside the closing body 17 fixed to the driving means 12, there is provided a shaft 19 which is supported in a floating state in the air. This shaft 19 is supported by a bearing 18 so as to withstand torsion,
This bearing 18 is also arranged inside the closing body 17. Bearing 18
Below the shaft, a shaft 19 carries a cylindrical stirrer 20, both of which extend to the discharge opening 15 of the mixing tube 13.

A through hole 120 is formed in the center of the stirrer 20 along the axial direction thereof, and the shaft 19 is inserted and attached to the through hole 120. The shaft 19 is provided with a shoulder portion 19a, while the through hole 120 is provided with a step 20a.
Then, until the limit where the shoulder portion 19a and the step 20a come into contact, the stirrer
The 20 is pushed into the shaft 19.

The stirrer 20 formed in a cylindrical shape has two parts 21 and 22. That is, the outer peripheral surface 20b of the upper portion 21 is provided with, for example, a truncated cylindrical mandrel 23 projecting from the outer peripheral surface 20b, and the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion 22 is provided with a spiral feed screw 24. Through the spiral groove 25 between the feed screws 24, the materials A and B are moved downward when the agitator 20 is rotated.

A ring-shaped outer rim 1 is provided on the circular upper end surface 121 of the agitator 20.
21a is projected. This outer rim 121a is a stirrer 20.
It rotates with the rotation of. A gap 26 is provided between the upper end surface 121 and the closing body 17 facing the upper end surface 121,
The first supply passage 28 is provided in the closing body 17 so as to face the space surrounded by the outer rim 121a in the gap 26. The synthetic component A is supplied into the space through the supply passage 28.

Below the rotating rim 121a and above the region where the mandrel 23 is provided, there is a region 21a where the mandrel 23 is absent on the outer peripheral surface 20b. This area 21a without the mandrel 23,
A certain distance is provided between the inner peripheral surface 13a of the mixing tube 13 and an annular first mixing space 27 is formed thereby.

The above-mentioned synthetic component A moves to the first mixing space 27 by the centrifugal force when the shaft 19 rotates. Also, the first mixing space
A second feed line 29 is provided in the mixing tube 13 so that it faces 27.
Is provided. By this second supply path 29, the synthetic component B is supplied to the first mixing space 27.

Therefore, the synthetic components A and B begin to mix in the mixing space 27, but a significant part of the mixing is done by the mandrel 23. Since the synthetic components A and B are supplied through the supply passages 28 and 29 while being pressurized, the synthetic component mixture which has begun to be mixed in the mixing space 27 and sufficiently mixed by the mandrel 23 is fed by the feed screw 24. It flows into the spiral groove 25.

The size (in the axial direction) of the mixing space 27 can be adjusted to accommodate the composite components A and B or various other factors and influences. To make this adjustment, bring one or more annular plates 30 into contact with the shoulder 19a of the shaft 19, attach the stirrer 20 to the shaft 19, and screw the nut 31 into the screw at the lower end of the shaft 19. Is possible by. In this case, since the position of the step 20a that comes into contact with the annular plate 30 is changed, the position of the stirrer 20 can be changed in the longitudinal direction, and the size of the gap space 26 can be adjusted accordingly.

Now, the feed screw 24 is formed with an interrupted portion 132, by which a large number of spiral grooves 25 between the feed screws 24 are connected. As a result, between the spiral grooves 25 of the feed screw 24,
One or several connecting portions are provided which extend along the longitudinal direction L of the shaft. These interrupted portions 132 are preferably formed as the connecting grooves 32. In this case, the interruption 132, that is, the connecting groove 32 is not formed in the vicinity of the discharge opening 15,
The spiral groove 25 is not connected.

The outer peripheral surface 13b in the vicinity of the discharge opening 15 of the mixing tube 13,
It is surrounded by a ring-shaped wiper 33. The wiper 33 is attached so as to slide on the mixing tube 13, that is, the outer peripheral surface 13b along the longitudinal direction L of the shaft. In the drawing, the operating position of the wiper 33 is I,
The rest position of the wiper 33 is designated by II.

As shown in FIG. 2, the mixed and reactive synthesis components A and B of the foam mixture are sent to a stirrer 20,
The centrifugal force generated here and the shape of the chamfered portion 15a form a conical shape K and are discharged from the discharge opening 15. This discharge causes the foam material to flow downwardly from the mixing head 10. Further, since the chamfered portion 15a is provided, the foam material spreads at a steep angle within a predetermined radius range.

As described above, the mixing head 10 is movable along the machine frame 11, and the substrate is conveyed under the mixing head 10 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the machine frame 11. When 10 is in an upright position as shown in FIG. 2, bubbles 34 are dispersed in a substantially rectangular shape.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the mixing head 10 is swung (tilted) with respect to the vertical line, the generated bubbles 134 also have the gradient St. This also allows the formation of foam (insulator) strips having a wedge-shaped cross section.

The mixing head according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described with reference to the drawings. It is arbitrary to change the shape of the discharge opening and the shape and structure of the mixing member on the outer peripheral surface of the stirrer within the technical scope of the present invention.

An insulation 100 produced by the method described above using the mixing head 10 is shown in FIGS. This heat insulating material 100 is a sheet web 150 as a sealing layer 50,
And a heat insulating layer 40. Insulation layer 40 is a strip of insulation material 14
It is composed of 0 and is attached to the sheet web 150.

Here, the sheet web 150 has edge-shaped overlapping portions 51 and 52 that also project from the heat insulating strip 140. That is, the overlapping portions 51 and 52 are edges of the sheet web 150 protruding from the heat insulating material strip 140 in each of the vertical and horizontal directions. When laying insulation 100 side by side (Fig. 6),
A sheet web 150 of the heat insulating material 100 already laid on the sheet web 150 of the heat insulating material 100 to be laid later.
By superimposing 51 and 52 and adhering them to each other, it is possible to completely avoid the influence of outside air. The insulation strip 140 comprises an insulation layer 40 which is polyurethane or polystyrene. Insulation layer 40
May be made from glass fiber or rock wool pieces. In this case, the heat insulating layer 40 will include stable fibers.

Further, spherical projections 41 are regularly arranged on the surface of the heat insulating strip 140 opposite to the sheet web 150,
As a result, the diffusion groove 42 is provided. Although the top surfaces of these spherical protrusions 41 are formed as flat circles, a dehumidification area is formed between the roof (not shown) covered with the heat insulating material 100 and the heat insulating material 100, and Other suitable shapes and arrangements are possible as long as they ensure that moisture is removed from the surface of the building based on its pressure relationship with the surrounding atmosphere. In the structure shown in the figure, a regular vapor diffusion path having a wide width is provided to ensure dehumidification.

Further, a metal foil 60 is bonded to the surface of the heat insulating layer 40 opposite to the sheet web 150. In addition, a single-layer sealing layer 50
The sheet web 50 is a plastic plate, a metal foil,
It is formed from a bonded web or a sealed web containing asphalt.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a strip of insulating material 140 forming a heat insulating layer 40 manufactured by the method previously described with reference to FIG.
The heat-insulating material strip 140 has a uniform cross section in the longitudinal direction of the sheet web 150 (the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing), and has a wedge-shaped cross section in the horizontal direction of the web. Insulation strips 140 may have a slope of 1%, 2% or 3% to provide the desired slope to the roof surface or may be adjusted to provide a slope in between. It is possible.

The sheet web 150 as the sealing layer 50 is formed of the woven fabric 53
May be reinforced by embedding the same or may be one in which a non-woven fabric is embedded under pressure in a plastic plate. In any case, in order to improve the adhesion between the sheet web 150 and the heat-insulating strip 140, the surface of the sheet web 150 is a non-woven fabric or woven fabric of polyester, an organic fiber such as glass fiber or jute. It is attached.

In addition, it is preferable that the heat insulating layer 40 be adhered to the sheet web 150 by a laminating machine while being in a panel shape, and then cut and formed into the heat insulating material strip 140. In this case, the heat insulating layer 40 is manufactured as a panel so that the panel is not completely cut when the heat insulating strip 140 is cut and formed. This allows the insulation strips to remain bonded so that they can cover a fairly large area.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical mixing tube (13) for mixing at least two material components (A, B) which do not react with each other at low pressure, and a circle rotatably accommodated in the mixing tube (13). Columnar stirrer (20) and the above mixing tube (13)
And a lid-like closing body (17) for closing the upper end (16) of the mixing head, the mixing head being mounted on the machine frame (11), wherein the closing body (17) has a bearing (18). A shaft (19) having a shoulder (19a) is supported by the bearing (18) in a floating state, and the shaft (19) is rotated by a driving means (12). And a discharge opening (1) provided at the lower end (14) of the mixing tube (13) for discharging the material components (A, B).
5), the agitator is fitted with the shaft (19) and the shoulder (19a)
A vertical hole (120) having a step portion (20a) engageable with the shaft portion (19) is inserted into the shaft (19) to insert the agitator (20) into the shoulder portion (19a) and the step portion. The agitator (20) is fixed to the shaft (19) by the direct or indirect engagement of the agitator (20a), and the agitator (20) is provided below the bearing (18). A first mixing space (26) having a gap is provided between the closing body (17) and the first supply path (28). One of the material components (A) is supplied to the first mixing space (26) through (28), and the first mixing space (26) is discharged from the first mixing space (26) by the centrifugal force of the shaft (19). One of the material components (A) is allowed to flow out, and the mixing tube (13) is provided with a second supply path (29), and the other is supplied through the second supply path (29). So that the material component (B) is supplied to the second mixing space (27) provided between the inner peripheral surface (13a) of the mixing tube and the outer peripheral surface (20b) of the stirrer (20). The chamfered portion (15a) is formed so as to spread downward in the discharge opening (15), so that the material components (A, B) spread in a conical shape. , When the agitator (20) is fixed to the shaft (19), the annular plates (30) of various thicknesses can be exchanged between the shoulder (19a) and the step (20a). By interposing
A mixing head, characterized in that the size of the first space (26) can be adjusted along the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (19). 2. The outer peripheral surface (20b) of the stirrer (20),
There are a first section (21) and a second section (22), a plurality of mandrels (23) are provided in the first section (21), and a second section (22) is provided. , Mixed synthetic components (A,
Mixing head according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a feed screw (24) for delivering B). 3. A mixing head according to claim 1, wherein the speed of said driving means (12) is controlled. 4. The outer peripheral surface (20b) of the stirrer (20), wherein the feed screw (24) is formed so as to have several grooves, according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The mixing head according to any one of claims. 5. The spiral grooves (25) formed around the outer peripheral surface (20b) of the stirrer (20) are arranged so as to be spaced from each other, and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (19) ( 5. The spiral groove (25) is at least partially connected by a number of connecting grooves (32) extending along L), according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Mixing head. 6. The connecting groove (32) on the outer peripheral surface (20b) of the stirrer (20) is not formed up to the end of the stirrer (20) on the discharge opening (15) side. The mixing head according to claim 5, characterized in that, in the vicinity of the discharge opening (15), the spiral groove (25) of the feed screw (24) is not connected by the connecting groove (32). . 7. The longitudinal direction (L) of the shaft (19) is pivoted from a vertical position (S) so that the tilt angle can be adjusted.
Mixing head according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is mounted on a machine frame (11).