JPH0818982B2 - How to increase milk yield - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for increasing milk yield by orally administering tryptophan to dairy cows, and in particular, tryptophan is not decomposed in the rumen and is eluted in the abomasum or intestine. As described above, the present invention relates to a method for improving the productivity of dairy cows by performing lumen bypass administration.

The rumen bypassed tryptophan granules pass without being decomposed in the rumen of the cow, for example,
It is absorbed after reaching the abomasum or intestine and has a beneficial effect on dairy cows, increasing milk and production. For this reason, tryptophan is granulated, and tryptophan, a salt of tryptophan, or a mixture of tryptophan and other nutritional components is used as a nuclear substance. Under the rumen environment, the nuclear substance is protected, but the acidity of the abomasum is increased. Under the conditions (which is said to be pH = 3 to 4), it dissolves or swells and finally elutes the nuclear material, and it has a coating or a chemically modified granular material that can be used by dairy cows. Has become.

In ruminants, feed protein amino acids are generally the first
Due to microbial fermentation in the stomach, a considerable part is decomposed into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Bacteria and protozoa (protozoa) in the rumen utilize ammonia that is decomposed and produced here for their own growth and proliferation, and the protein of this microbial growth is equivalent to the stomach of monogastric animals. Fourth
Delivered to the stomach and partially digested in the gastric chamber, the process is completed in the small intestine where it is absorbed.

Thus, the main sources of amino acids for ruminants are microbial body proteins synthesized in the rumen and feed proteins that have been lumen-bypassed. It is suggested that there is a tendency for protein supply to be inadequate despite oral administration of protein since many cases are improved. In particular, heifers and lactating dairy cows have high protein requirements, so attempts have been made to determine restricted amino acids, but they have not been as clear as those for growing sheep.

That is, when lysine or another amino acid alone was injected into the abomasum, the effect was not clear, and the limiting amino acid could not be identified yet. It was thought that this was not due to the large restriction of one kind of amino acid as in sheep, but to the lack of many small and even amino acids. In the case of lactating cows, especially in the high lactation period,
Most of the views are in agreement that the microbial protein grown and propagated in the stomach cannot satisfy the protein requirement. As a result of actually supplementing a protein (mainly casein) consisting of many amino acid components after the rumen of the dairy cow, there are many cases in which the amount of milk and the amount of milk protein were increased. It was not clear whether it would increase productivity.

Under the circumstances as described above, the present inventors have examined the function of tryptophan, particularly for dairy cows, and as a result, regarding the increase in milk production, the contribution of tryptophan, which is a specific component, is very large. The present invention has been found out.

That is, the present invention is a method for increasing the amount of milk characterized by administering orally rumen-bypassed tryptophan granules to dairy cows, and the rumen-bypassed tryptophan granules 3 to 12 g / tryptophan equivalent per 600 kg of dairy cow weight. It is a method of increasing the amount of milk to be orally administered at a daily rate.

For example, tryptophan, a salt thereof, or a composition thereof, which has been granulated so as to bypass the lactating dairy cow by rumen, is preferably fed to a dairy cow fed with a feed satisfying the feeding standard. Weight 60
When orally administered at a rate of 3 to 12 g per 0 kg (converted to tryptophan) / day, tryptophan was found to effectively reach the abomasum with almost no decomposition, and the milk yield was increased by 10 to 20%. For a body weight of 600 kg, if the tryptophan is less than 3 g per day, the effect will be small, 12 g
Above, the effect will be saturated and it will be economically disadvantageous. Regarding the particle size, 0.1 to 2 mm is a desirable size, and it is known that it is decomposed in the rumen unless granulated. In the present invention, a lumen bypass granulated product is used. Is required. A coating method has been mainly proposed as an example of the lumen bypass, and there are various types depending on the coating material.

For example, by secondary treatment coating of protein (Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-9217), coating by fats and oils (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 60-96).
48-48616) or synthetic polymer coating (JP-A-54-46822 to JP-A-54-46825) and the like. As a coating method, a general method such as a centrifugal granulation coating method or a fluidized coating method is used. Any coating method may be used, and a microencapsulation method may be considered in some cases. As another example, chemically decorated ones such as N-acetyl-L-tryptophan are also proposed.

Representative examples of the method of the present invention are shown below,
A more specific description will be given. Note that these are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The properties of the rumen bypassed tryptophan granules used in the present invention are measured by the following test methods: (1) Dissolution test (neutral and pH = 3) Rumen bypassed tryptophan granules (0.5
g) CH ₃ CO ₂ Na / maintained at pH = 6.8 and pH = 3.0
Immerse extraction in 50 ml of CH ₃ COOH buffer at constant temperature of 40 ° C without stirring. When the soaking time has elapsed, the extract is filtered. The dissolved tryptophan was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography.

(2) Rumen resistance in the rumen 300 μm × 300 μ of rumen bypass granules (0.5 g)
Place in a nylon bag with a mesh size of m. This bag is placed in the rumen of a fist-bearing ram,
Soak for hours. Then take out the nylon bag and wash it,
The remaining active substance was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography.

The rumen bypassed granulate was prepared by the following method: 2-Vinylpyridine / styrene copolymer (70/30) (5
0.4 g) and cellulose acetate butyrate (21.6
g) is decomposed in tetrahydrafuran (1200 ml) and butyl phthalate (1.5 g) is added. When the dissolution was completed, the specific resistance of the solution of N-acetylethanolamine was 10 ⁶
Add enough to be less than or equal to 10 ⁶ Ωcm.

The tryptophan granules to be coated with this solution are coated with a centrifugal coating device. The coating rate is 5 to 15% (wt) for the coating resin per tryptophan
Is enough. Of course, 15% or more is functionally usable.

The 2-vinylpyridine / styrene copolymer used here has the following characteristics: Specific viscosity = 0.520 (5 g in dimethylformamide / 23 ° C.) average molecular weight≈410,000 Similarly, cellulose acetate butyrate has the following characteristics.

Average molecular weight ≒ 57,000 Number of groups per cellulose unit: Acetate; 1.2 Butyrate; 1.8 [Example 1] Powdery tryptophan containing 98.5% tryptophan is granulated by a mixing granulator, dried under reduced pressure at room temperature, and then sifted. Then, a sample having a diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 mm was collected. This granular tryptophan (400 g) was applied to a centrifugal coating machine to form a coating solution containing 60 g of 2-vinylpyridine / styrene copolymer (70/30) and 30 parts by weight of cellulose acetate butyrate and 540 g of methylene chloride. Was used to obtain tryptophan granules having the following characteristics.

Coating rate = 15% Tryptophan content rate = 85.7% Water extraction rate 16 hours later 11.7% 48 hours later 20.3% Rumen resistance 49 hours later 84.5% Extraction rate into pH = 3 buffer solution 30 minutes later 82.2% 60 minutes later 98.1% A field test was carried out on 3 cows using the coated tryptophan granules with good lumen bypass efficiency.

With regard to dairy cows, all three adult cows of the same Holstein breed (average weight 600 kg) are cows that are 3 to 4 months after calving, and have exceeded the peak milk yield.
1.1 times the amount of feed was fed and there was no remaining feed.

The amount of tryptophan used is 3g / day per 600kg body weight:
(Dairy cow A), 6g / day: (dairy cow B), 12g / day: (dairy cow C)
It was used. The feeding was carried out in the morning and in the evening when the feed was mixed with the feed in advance.

The test method was as shown in Table 1 for a section in which tryptophan granules, which had been lumen-bypassed by dividing it into five sections per week, were added and a section in which no tryptophan particles were added.

Data is set to 1 in order to reduce the effect of changing conditions.
From the standpoint of reducing week-to-week variations, three-weeks, and five-weeks, the cumulative amount of milk was taken every week, and the average amount was calculated and used for comparing the amount of milk. From the milk yields of 1 week and 5 weeks, the milk yield without addition for 3 weeks was estimated, and the milk yield increase rate was calculated from the ratio of this to the milk yield measured during actual addition. Although treatment as data was not performed during the second and fourth weeks, considering the metastable period, the tendency of increase and decrease is well associated with addition and no addition.

The results are shown in Table 1 (dairy cow A), Table 2 (dairy cow B), and Table 3 (dairy cow C).

As described above, when rumen bypassed tryptophan granules were given to dairy cows at a body weight of 600 kg as tryptophan equivalents of 3 g / day, 6 g / day and 12 g / day, the milk yields increased by 11%, 16% and 17%, respectively. The effect of doing is obtained.

It can be seen that the present invention effectively acts by making the tryptophan granules bypass the dairy cow by rumen bypass, and has the effect of increasing the milk yield.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for increasing milk yield, which comprises orally administering to a dairy cow a rumen-bypassed tryptophan granule. 2. A tryptophan conversion of rumen-bypassed tryptophan granules per 600 kg of dairy cow weight to 3
The method for increasing milk yield according to claim 1, which is orally administered at a rate of -12 g / day.