JPH0822385B2 - Foreign matter removal device in grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a foreign matter removing device in a grain dryer.

[Problems to be Solved by Prior Art and Invention]

Rice seeds affected by so-called rice koji disease have a dark mass due to the aggregation of hyphae and chlamydospores that are densely packed on the surface, but are difficult to remove during harvesting and drying,
It will be a hindrance during the hulling preparation work. That is, this rice koji diseased rice is crushed by derolling at the time of hulling work and mixed with the finished brown rice, which is one of the causes for lowering the grade, and therefore, the rice koji diseased rice must be removed in advance. In the past, a dedicated sorting machine was used to separate and sort rice, but this sorting operation requires a different working time to reduce the efficiency.

[Means for solving the problem]

Therefore, the present invention relates to a grain dryer having a circulation transfer device that allows a grain stuck in a storage chamber to pass through a drying chamber portion to be dried and to be returned to the storage chamber again. And a grain size selection device for separating and sorting foreign matter having a diameter larger than this paddy, and a supply unit for supplying a part of the grain during the transfer process by the circulation transfer device to the grain size selection device side. The grain foreign matter removing device in the grain dryer is provided with a reducing device for reducing the chaff after sorting from the grain size sorting device into the grain in the transfer process or the grain in the dryer.

[Operation and effect of the invention]

During the process of feeding, drying or discharging the grain while transferring, the grain in the process of being transferred by the circulation transfer device is appropriately added to the process of entering the grain size selecting device 16 side to perform the separating operation. The foreign substances mixed in the transferred grains, for example, rice knot diseased rice, can be removed. Since a sorting process is added in the middle of grain loading, drying or discharging work, it is efficient without requiring a dedicated sorting time.Because it is in the middle of a long working process, a small sorting device can be used. There is.

In addition, when it is carried out during grain filling and during drying, the accuracy of moisture measurement near the dry finish can be improved.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 will be described.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a frame of a grain dryer, which is configured in the order of a storage chamber 2, a drying chamber 3, and a grain collection chamber 4 from the top.

On the outside of the dryer frame 1, an elevator 5 having a tension hopper 6 at the bottom thereof is erected upright, and the elevator 5 collects the grains collected by the transfer spiral 7 on one side of the grain collecting chamber 4. Upper transfer spiral 8
It is configured to lift and return to the storage chamber 2 via the gutter 9 and the diffusion mechanism 10. The drying chamber 3 has a plurality of downflow passages 15 and 15 formed between a hot air chamber 12 leading to the burner 11 and an exhaust air chamber 14 leading to the exhaust fan 13. It is a well-known structure in which hot air is blown to dry the grain when it slowly flows down by rotating 16 times.

Reference numeral 17 is a grain size sorting device, which is a roller that is interlocked with a motor 18
The rotary sorting cylinder 20 that can be received by 19, 19 ... Is built in, and the grain supply side a of this rotary sorting cylinder 20 is the upper side and the discharge side b is the upper side through an appropriate attachment means on the side of the dryer frame 1. It is mounted in a tilted position so that it is lower. A slit hole having a width of approximately 2.5 mm to 3.0 mm is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary sorting cylinder 20 so that the grain can pass through.

The grain size sorting device 17 is configured to be able to feed the grains in the circulation through a feeding chute 21 connected to the starting end side of the upper transfer spiral gutter 9, and is sorted and sorted so that the grain leaked from the slit hole is adjusted. The paddy passes through the reducing chute 22 and is returned to the grain lifting side of the elevator 5 and to the reducing ports 24 that are biased toward the buckets 23, 23. 45 is a foreign matter discharge port. The supply chute 21 is provided in the dryer frame 1
It is arranged by utilizing the space between the elevator and the machine frame of the elevator 5.

The buckets 23, 23 ... Arranged at predetermined intervals on a belt 25 in the elevator 5 are divided into left and right parts, and a narrow slit-like gap 26 is formed in the central part. The structure is such that the bucket 22 can pass through the fixed partition plate 27 provided in the lower portion of the elevator 5 so that the gap 26 can pass through, and is partitioned into the left and right spaces c and d (in the width direction of the bucket 23) in the lower portion of the elevator 5.

Further, a guide cylinder 29 for guiding grains from the flip-up plate 28 at the shaft end of the lower transfer spiral 7 is connected to the lower part of the elevator 5, and a switching valve 30 is provided in the guide cylinder 28 to The passage is configured to be switchable between a half open state and a fully open state. In this half-opened state, the grain can be supplied only to the space c side. The reducing port 24 for guiding the reduction paddy from the grain size selecting device 17 communicates with the space d side.

The upper side of the elevator 5 communicates with the upper transfer spiral gutter 9 through the grain throwing cylinder 31, and the opening 3 provided side by side on the starting end side of the gutter 9
The opening 32 side of 2, 33 is viewed in the supply chute 21, and the other opening 33 is viewed in the discharge chute 34. Reference numeral 35 is a supply switching valve, and 36 is a discharge switching valve. The opening 32 is configured to receive, among the grains transferred by the buckets 23, 23, the grains that are fed and scooped in the space c below the elevator 5.

Switching operation of the switching valves 30 and 35, and the drive motor 18
The operation of is as follows. The moisture content of the grain during circulation drying is periodically detected by the moisture meter 37 and sent to the control unit in the control box 38. When the grain reaches a predetermined moisture value (for example, 20%), the control unit outputs an operation signal to the control motors 39 and 40 that are separately provided in the switching valves 30 and 35 and are capable of forward and reverse rotation, and the switching valve 30 is half-opened. Turn to the state and narrow the passage,
The switching valve 35 is opened. At the same time, sorting device 17 drive motor 18
Is turned on. The control unit calculates the time required to complete the required number of times of the sorting process of all the stuck grains from the relationship between the efficiency by the grain size selection device 17 and the amount of the input grain that has been input in advance and the number of times that the sorting is required to be input arbitrarily. After the lapse of the time, the return signal is output again to the control motors 39 and 40. At the same time, the drive motor 18 is turned off. In addition, the control motor 39 is the switching valve 30
The control motor 40 is directly connected to the support shaft 41, and the control motor 40 is directly connected to the support shaft 42 that is serration-fitted to the fitting portion of the switching valve 35.

Incidentally, 43 is a control motor that operates the discharge switching valve 36 to "open" to open the discharge port 33 by operating the discharge switch outside the figure when the detected moisture value of the grain reaches a preset moisture value, The discharge switching valve 36 is provided coaxially with the support shaft 42.
It is possible to interlock the support shaft 44 that is fitted with the serration.

 The operation of the above example will be described.

When the grains to be dried are loaded from the loading hopper 6 and the drying is started, the hot air generated by the burner 11 and the exhaust fan 13 is rotated by the delivery valves 16 and 16 at every predetermined amount in the downflow passages 15 and 15. To act on the falling grain to dry it. The dried grains reach the grain collection chamber 4, are laterally fed by the lower transfer spiral 7 and are collected on one side, and are supplied to the lower part of the elevator 5 via the guide tube 29. This feed amount is V tons / hour. For a while after the start of drying, the switching valve 30 is in the retracted posture (phantom line in FIG. 4) so that the inside of the guide cylinder 29 is fully opened, and the total amount of grains from the grain collecting chamber 4 is V tons / Every hour, the buckets 23, 23 ... are received by the entire width and fried, and the grain is thrown into the storage chamber 2 again from the grain throw-in cylinder 31 through the upper transfer spiral gutter 9 and tempered (Fig. 6 (a)). .

The moisture meter 37 detects the moisture value while periodically sampling the grains in the circulation process. When the detected moisture value reaches 20% which is a preset moisture value, the control unit switches the switching valve while continuing the operation of the burner 11, the exhaust fan 13 and each transfer unit.
Switch operation of 30 and 35. That is, the switching valve 30 is the guide tube 29.
Is set to a half open state (solid line in FIG. 4), and all the grains (V tons / hour) from the grain collecting chamber 4 are supplied into the space c. The grain supplied into the space c is lifted by the divided half of the buckets 23, 23 ...

On the other hand, the switching valve 35 is opened, and the above-mentioned lifted grain V ton / part of every hour is discharged to the supply chute 21 side. Therefore, the grains will be supplied to the grain size sorting device 17, and in the process of shifting to the discharge side by the rotation of the sorting cylinder 20, the grain will leak from the slit hole to the reduction chute 22 and will be larger than the grain. Since foreign substances such as rice koji disease particles and straw debris cannot leak through the slit holes, they are properly collected through the discharge port 45 (Fig. 6 (b)).

The sorted rice grain is returned to the lower portion of the elevator 5 via the reduction chute 22, but the return port 24 is provided in the elevator 5
Since it is provided at a location leading to the internal space d, it is lifted in the other half of the divided buckets 23, 23 ... And does not mix with the grain from the grain collecting chamber 4 described above.

Now, assuming that the sorting capacity of the grain size sorting device 16, that is, the number of grains passing through the rotary sorting 19 is G ton / hour (G <V),
(This processing capacity depends on the size of the supply port of the rotary sorting cylinder 20, but the amount of rice koji disease particles removed from this G ton is very small, for example, about 0.5%, it is reduced. Is G × 99.5%.) The lifting amount of the elevator 5 is approximately (V +
G) Tons / hour. Of the grain amount V that is fed out and fried in the buckets 22, 22, ..., the excess grain number (V-
G) Tons / hour, upper transfer spiral gutter 9
I will go inside and be entrusted with the selection from the next time.

When the paddy is lifted, it reaches the start end side of the transfer spiral gutter 9 through the grain throwing tube 31, but since the fall position is on the discharge switching valve 36 side different from the switching valve 35, the transfer spiral 8 It is transferred to the storage chamber 2 side under the action.

Due to the relationship between the amount of processed grain (G ton / hour) and the amount of grain (H ton) passed through the grain size sorting device 16, the sorting action corresponding to the amount of grain is completed once H / G time has elapsed. However, since the foreign matter cannot be removed sufficiently by this one-time sorting operation (the removal rate is about 0.2 in the example of FIG. 7), the processing time of the required number of times, for example, 8 to 10 times is required. After that, the removal rate will be improved. The required number of times is the number of circulations in the dryer n, but the operator may arbitrarily input it, or the controller automatically sets the time required for the predetermined number of times in accordance with the amount of grain to be loaded. But it's okay.

After the required number of processing times have elapsed, the control unit returns the switching valves 30 and 35 to the original positions. After that, the drying work is continued while circulating and transferring to the planned finished dry state.

As described above, when the moisture content of the grain falls below 20%, the state of grain circulation automatically changes, the process of entering the grain size selection device 17 side is added, and the process of sorting and separating is performed. The foreign particles mixed in the rice can be removed, especially the rice koji disease particles. Since a sorting process is added in the middle of the drying operation for a long time, it is efficient without requiring a dedicated sorting time.

In addition, since the sorting process is performed based on the detection result of the moisture meter, the adhesion of dust is small, and since the drying is progressing to some extent, the state of grain flow in the sorting cylinder 19 is also stable. Predetermined sorting accuracy can be secured.

In the above embodiment, since the buckets 23, 23 ... Of the elevator 5 are divided and the grain from the grain size selecting device 16 is not mixed with the fed grain in the lifting process, immediately after the grain is lifted, There is no paddy that moves to the supply chute 21 side again, and the unsorted grains enter the inside of this supply chute 21 with priority, and the sorting accuracy is better than that in the case shown in the second embodiment and below. Is.

In the present embodiment, the supply chute 21 to the grain size sorting device 17 is provided separately, but the discharge chute 34 for discharging the dry finished grain outside the machine is configured to be connectable to the sorting device 17. During drying, the grains discharged from the upper transfer spiral gutter 9 are circulated to the sorting device 17 and the reduced grains are returned to the loading hopper 6, so that the sorting work is preferentially performed while temporarily suspending the drying work. It may be in the form (second embodiment,
(Figures 8 and 9).

Further, in the third embodiment, the reduced grains from the grain size selection device 16 are returned to the inside of the auxiliary tensioning opening / closing plate 46 that can be greatly opened / closed on the side of the machine frame 1, and either position on the left or right of the machine frame 1 can be used. It is also advantageous in that a grain size sorting device 17 can be installed (10th, 11th).
Figure).

In the fourth embodiment, the grain size selecting device 17 is installed above the control box 38 and the burner box, and the chute 22 for grain reduction is connected to the end of the gutter which houses the lower spiral 7 (twelfth). , Fig. 13).

Further, in the fifth embodiment, as the grain size sorting device 17, a first sorting section by the rotary sorting cylinder 20 and a second sorting section by the sieving net 47 are provided to improve accuracy (14th, 15th).
Figure). That is, there is a case where the rice is discharged from the discharge-side end portion of the first sorting unit in a state where a part of the grain is included, and this part of the grain is to be separated by the second sorting unit. The sorting cylinder 20 is constructed so that the tilt angle can be adjusted around the fulcrum 48 by operating the lever 49.

In the sixth embodiment, the rotary sorting cylinder 20 is driven by the lower spiral 7
A belt 52 is laid between the shaft 50 and the central support shaft 51 of the rotary selection cylinder 20, and the transfer spiral 53 is used to transfer the paddy, and the chute of the lower transfer spiral 7 is transferred via the chute 54. It is connected to one end (Fig. 16).

Further, in this embodiment, the rotary sorting cylinder 20 is used as the grain size sorting device 17.
However, a so-called swing selecting device 55 may be used as in the seventh embodiment (FIGS. 17 and 18). The grain supplied through the discharge chute 34 is reciprocally oscillated by the oscillating device 56, so that the paddy is pushed up by the protrusion of the plate and returned to the lower part of the elevator 5 from the opening 57, so that the rice grain of large diameter Is taken out of the machine through the lower end discharge port 58.

In the first to seventh embodiments, the grain size selecting device 17 is used as the dryer body 1.
Although it is configured to be provided outside, the grain size selection device may be provided inside the machine body 1 such as the storage chamber 2 to select a part of the grain from the upper transfer spiral 8 gutter 9. At that time, the foreign matter discharge port can be appropriately discharged outside the machine.

Further, regarding the method of incorporating the sorting process, in the present embodiment, the detected moisture value of the grain was used, but the operator may arbitrarily operate the sorting device 17 start switch (not shown) or the like, or A timer control may be performed so that the sorting device 17 is activated after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of drying.

In addition to the foreign matter selection by the supply to the grain size selecting device 17 during the drying operation, it can be performed during the loading operation or the discharging operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1 to 5 show the first embodiment, FIG. 1 is an overall side view with a partial cross section, and FIG. 2 is an overall front view with a partial cross section. 3 is a sectional view thereof, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of an upper spiral gutter, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of circulations and the removal rate, FIG. 8 is a side view showing the second embodiment, FIG. 9 is its front view, and FIG. 10 is a side view showing the third embodiment. FIG. 11 is its front view, FIG. 12 is a side view showing the fourth embodiment, FIG. 13 is its front view, FIG. 14 is a partially sectional front view showing the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a sixth embodiment, FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment, FIG. 18 is a partial sectional view thereof, and FIG. 19 is a second view. It is an apparatus outline explanatory view after an example. In the figure, 2 is a storage chamber, 3 is a drying chamber, 4 is a shell chamber, 5 is an elevator, 6 is a hopper, 6 is a transfer spiral, 8 is an upper transfer spiral, 9 is an upper transfer spiral gutter, and 12 is hot air. Room, 14 is an exhaust room, 1
5, 15 are flow-down passages, 16 and 16 are feeding valves, 17 is a grain size sorting device, 18 is a motor, 20 is a rotary sorting cylinder, 21 is a supply chute,
22 is a return chute, 23 and 23 are buckets, 24 is a return port, 26
Is a gap, 27 is a fixed partition plate, 29 is a guide tube, 30 is a switching valve, 31
Is a grain throwing tube, 32 is an opening, 33 is an opening, 34 is a discharge chute, 35 is a supply switching valve, 36 is a discharge switching valve, 37 is a moisture meter, 38 is a control box, 39, 40 are control Motors, 41 and 42 are spindles, 43 is a control motor, 44 is a spindle, and 45 is a discharge port.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Masafumi Yudachi, No. 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref.Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Miyazaki Kei City, Ehime Prefecture, Ito-gun, Tobe Town, No. 1 Yakura, Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Examiner Hiroyuki Oguro

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A grain dryer having a circulation transfer device for passing grains dried in a drying chamber through the drying chamber and returning the grains again to the storing chamber. With a grain size sorting device for separating and sorting foreign matter having a diameter larger than that of rice grain, a supply unit that supplies a part of the grain during the transfer process by the circulation transport device to the grain size sorting device side, A foreign matter removing device in a grain dryer, which is provided with a reducing device that reduces the grain after sorting from the large sorting device into the grains in the transfer process or the grains in the dryer. 2. A reducing device is provided to reduce the chaff from the grain size sorting device to the middle part of the circulation transfer device on the transfer lower side than the connection part of the supply part to the grain size sorting device or directly to the storage chamber. The foreign matter removing device in a grain dryer according to claim 1, which is configured to be connected. 3. A reducing device is connected so as to reduce the chaff from the grain size selecting device to an intermediate part of the circulation transfer device on the transfer upper side than the connection part of the supply part to the grain size selecting device. The foreign matter removing device in the grain dryer according to claim 1. 4. A part of the grain being transferred is supplied to a grain size selection device side during the drying process in which the grain is circulated and transferred between a storage chamber and a drying chamber through a circulation transfer device while being dried. A foreign matter removing device in a grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is configured as described above. 5. The moisture detecting means and the switching supply mechanism are interlocked with each other in order to supply the grain to the grain size selecting device side after confirming that the dried grain has a predetermined moisture value or less. A foreign matter removing device in the grain dryer according to any one of items 1 to 4. 6. A grain feeding section is connected to an intermediate portion of the circulation transfer device, and a part of the fed grain is supplied to the grain size selection device during the grain feeding into the storage chamber. A foreign matter removing device in a grain dryer according to claims 1 to 3. 7. A unit for discharging dried grains is connected to an intermediate part of the circulating transfer device, and a part of the discharged grains is supplied to the grain size selection device during the discharging of the grains to the outside of the machine. A foreign matter removing device in a grain dryer according to claims 1 to 3.