JPH0823116B2 - Method for fibrillating uniaxially oriented fiber - Google Patents
Method for fibrillating uniaxially oriented fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0823116B2 JPH0823116B2 JP62221989A JP22198987A JPH0823116B2 JP H0823116 B2 JPH0823116 B2 JP H0823116B2 JP 62221989 A JP62221989 A JP 62221989A JP 22198987 A JP22198987 A JP 22198987A JP H0823116 B2 JPH0823116 B2 JP H0823116B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- uniaxially oriented
- fibers
- kevlar
- fibrillated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 20
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920003368 Kevlar® 29 Polymers 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001891 gel spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はフィルター、繊維強化材等に用いられる一軸
配向アラミド繊維に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to uniaxially oriented aramid fibers used for filters, fiber reinforcements and the like.
近年、フィルター、繊維強化材等に、液晶紡糸、ゲル
紡糸、超延伸等の特殊な方法により一軸配向性を著しく
高めた繊維（以下「高一軸配向繊維」という。）が用い
られ始めている。In recent years, fibers having a significantly enhanced uniaxial orientation by a special method such as liquid crystal spinning, gel spinning, and super-drawing (hereinafter referred to as "highly uniaxially oriented fibers") have begun to be used for filters, fiber reinforcements and the like.
高一軸配向繊維はその一軸配向性の高さゆえに高強
度、高弾性であることが特徴である。Highly uniaxially oriented fibers are characterized by high strength and elasticity due to their high uniaxial orientation.
高一軸配向繊維をフィルターや繊維強化材料に使用す
る場合には、高一軸配向繊維をシート状のような必要と
する形状に成形する工程が含まれるが、高一軸配向繊維
同志は相互の結合力がまったくないかもしくは非常に小
さいので、成形物として取り扱い上必要な強度を得るた
め、高一軸配向繊維をフィブリル化することにより高一
軸配向繊維同士の結合力を高めることが行われていた。When using highly uniaxially oriented fibers for filters and fiber reinforced materials, the process of forming the highly uniaxially oriented fibers into a required shape such as a sheet is included. However, in order to obtain the strength required for handling as a molded product, the highly uniaxially oriented fibers have been fibrillated to increase the binding force between the highly uniaxially oriented fibers.
ところで、高一軸配向繊維は分子が極端に高い一軸配
向性を持つため曲げ等の応力に対してフィブリル化しや
すいことやタイヤコードとしてゴム中にケブラーの繊維
を入れて疲労試験を行うと、ケブラーがフィブリル化す
ること等が報告されている。（繊維学会誌32巻,T−55
（1976）,34巻,T−187（1978）,35巻,T−59（197
9），）。By the way, since highly uniaxially oriented fibers have extremely high uniaxial orientation of molecules, it is easy to fibrillate against stress such as bending, and when Kevlar fibers are put in rubber as a tire cord and a fatigue test is performed, Kevlar becomes It has been reported that it becomes fibrillated. (Journal of the Textile Society of Japan, Volume 32, T-55
(1976), 34 volumes, T-187 (1978), 35 volumes, T-59 (197
9),).
また、高一軸配向繊維のうちケブラーや超高分子ポリ
エチレンが引張応力によってフィブリル化することも知
られている（J.MATER.SCI.LETT5（1986）439−440）。
高一軸配向繊維のうちゲブラーが伸長、圧縮の反復微小
変形でフィブリル化しやすいとの記述もある（応用物理
53巻４号345（1984））。It is also known that among highly uniaxially oriented fibers, Kevlar and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene are fibrillated by tensile stress (J.MATER.SCI.LETT5 (1986) 439-440).
It is also described that among highly uniaxially oriented fibers, the Gevlar is easily fibrillated by repeated microdeformation of elongation and compression (Applied Physics).
Volume 53, No. 4, 345 (1984)).
また、特開昭59−92011号公報では、高一軸配向繊維
の内ケブラーのようなアラミドの繊維が弱い化学力およ
び静電気によって互いに保持されるフィブリルからなる
束であるので、さらに細く0.1〜1.1μｍの直径を有する
フィブリルとすることができるとし、通常の製紙工場で
用いられる広角精砕機を用いてアラミド繊維に繰り返し
高いシアー（shear）を付すことによりフィブリル化を
行った後にろ紙を抄造している。Further, in JP-A-59-92011, since fibers of aramid such as Kevlar among highly uniaxially oriented fibers are bundles of fibrils which are held together by weak chemical force and static electricity, the fibers are further thinned to 0.1 to 1.1 μm. It is possible to make fibrils with a diameter of, and using a wide-angle refiner used in ordinary paper mills, aramid fibers are repeatedly fibrillated by subjecting them to high shear (shear) before papermaking of filter paper. .
また、デュポン社ではアラミド繊維（商品名ケブラー
29）をフィブリル化してパルプ化したものを製造してい
る。In addition, DuPont's aramid fiber (brand name Kevlar
29) is fibrillated to produce pulp.
高一軸配向アラミド繊維（以下、高一軸配向繊維と略
記する。）をフィルターや繊維の強化材料に使用する場
合には、高一軸配向繊維をシート状のような必要とする
形状に成形する工程が含まれるが、高一軸配向繊維同志
は相互の結合力がまったくないか、もしくは非常に小さ
いので、そのままで例えばシートのような成形物として
も、取り扱い上必要な強度を得られなかった。When highly uniaxially oriented aramid fiber (hereinafter abbreviated as highly uniaxially oriented fiber) is used as a filter or a reinforcing material for the fiber, the step of forming the highly uniaxially oriented fiber into a desired shape such as a sheet is required. However, since the highly uniaxially oriented fibers have no or very little mutual binding force, even if they are used as they are as molded articles such as sheets, the strength required for handling cannot be obtained.
また、高一軸配向繊維は以上のようにフィブリル化し
やすいことが知られており、フィブリル化したものは各
種産業分野で広く使われているが、高一軸配向繊維はフ
ィブリル化の際に、機械的な衝撃を強く与える必要があ
るため、破損を受け高一軸配向繊維の繊維軸方向の強度
が低下したものしか得られない。特にパルプ精砕機等を
用いてフィブリル化したものはその傾向が著しい。Further, it is known that highly uniaxially oriented fibers are easily fibrillated as described above, and fibrillated fibers are widely used in various industrial fields.However, highly uniaxially oriented fibers are mechanically fibrillated. Since it is necessary to give a strong impact to the fiber, only a highly uniaxially oriented fiber whose strength in the fiber axis direction is lowered can be obtained. Especially, the tendency of fibrillation using a pulp refiner is remarkable.
本発明の目的は、高一軸配向繊維をフィブリル化する
ことにより、高一軸配向繊維相互の結合力を高めること
にある。An object of the present invention is to increase the binding force between highly uniaxially oriented fibers by fibrillating the highly uniaxially oriented fibers.
さらに本発明の第２の目的は、高一軸配向繊維のフィ
ブリル化に際して繊維軸方向の強度の低下を防止するこ
とにある。A second object of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in strength in the fiber axis direction when highly uniaxially oriented fibers are fibrillated.
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成する為に鋭意検討した
結果、高一軸配向繊維を水性液体中に懸濁後液体を撹拌
することにより高一軸配向繊維がフィブリル化し、しか
も繊維軸方向の強度が殆ど低下しないことを見出し、本
発明を完成するに至った。The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the highly uniaxially oriented fibers are fibrillated by suspending the highly uniaxially oriented fibers in an aqueous liquid and then agitating the liquid, and the strength in the fiber axial direction is further increased. The present invention has been completed by discovering that the above-mentioned value hardly decreases.
アラミド繊維はメタ系又はパラ系のいずれであっても
よい。The aramid fiber may be either meta-based or para-based.
高一軸配向繊維を水性液体中に0.01〜20.0重量％、好
ましくは0.1〜5.0重量％の範囲の濃度に懸濁した後に、
水性液体を撹拌することにより高一軸配向繊維と液体と
の摩擦によりフィブリル化がおこる。本発明でいうフィ
ブリル化とは、高一軸配向繊維が繊維軸（すなわち分子
軸の配向方向）にそってフィブリルがほぐれることをい
う。例えばケブラー29の場合は、直径が約12μｍの繊維
の一部（特に表面）が本発明のフィブリル化により0.01
〜2.0μｍ程度の太さのフィブリルにほぐれることをい
う。After suspending the highly uniaxially oriented fiber in an aqueous liquid at a concentration in the range of 0.01 to 20.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight,
Stirring the aqueous liquid causes fibrillation due to friction between the highly uniaxially oriented fiber and the liquid. The term "fibrillation" as used in the present invention means that the highly uniaxially oriented fibers are loosened along the fiber axis (that is, the orientation direction of the molecular axis). For example, in the case of Kevlar 29, a part (particularly the surface) of a fiber having a diameter of about 12 μm is 0.01 due to the fibrillation of the present invention.
It means loosening in a fibril with a thickness of about 2.0 μm.
フィブリル化に用いる水性液体としては高一軸配向繊
維と親和性の高いものの方が高一軸配向繊維の分散がよ
くなるのでフィブリル化をおこしやすい。従って液体は
水のみでもよいが必要に応じて有機溶媒を混合して用い
たりしてもよい。As an aqueous liquid used for fibrillation, those having a high affinity for highly uniaxially oriented fibers are more likely to cause fibrillation because the highly uniaxially oriented fibers are better dispersed. Therefore, the liquid may be only water, but an organic solvent may be mixed and used if necessary.
また、水性液体と高一軸配向繊維との摩擦を高めるた
めに、粘性の高い成分を溶解してもよい。Further, in order to increase the friction between the aqueous liquid and the highly uniaxially oriented fiber, a highly viscous component may be dissolved.
塩類等を用いることもフィブリル化の促進に役立つ場
合もある。すなわち高一軸配向繊維は繊維軸と直角方向
の結合は、非常に弱い水素結合によることがあるので、
このような場合は電解質、酸、アルカリ等を含む水性液
体を用いることによりフィブリル化が促進される、水性
液体に界面活性剤が含まれていてもよい。The use of salts and the like may also help promote fibrillation. That is, in highly uniaxially oriented fibers, the bond in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis may be due to a very weak hydrogen bond.
In such a case, a surfactant may be contained in the aqueous liquid in which fibrillation is promoted by using an aqueous liquid containing an electrolyte, an acid, an alkali and the like.
攪拌の方法としては、マグネチックスターラーで毎分
数回〜数千回攪拌したり、往復式の反転式アジターで攪
拌したり、往復振盪機で毎分数回〜数百回振盪したり、
超音波を当てて液を振動させたりして、液体と高一軸配
向繊維との間で摩擦がおきればよい。工業的に行う場合
はこれらの装置をスケールアップして用いればよい。但
し、高一軸配向繊維の性質によっては、フロックを成形
しやすい場合もあるので分散性がもっともよい装置を選
べばよい。As a stirring method, a magnetic stirrer is stirred several times to several thousand times per minute, a reciprocal reversing agitator is stirred, or a reciprocal shaker is shaken several times to several hundred times per minute,
It suffices that friction is generated between the liquid and the highly uniaxially oriented fiber by applying ultrasonic waves to vibrate the liquid. For industrial use, these devices may be scaled up for use. However, depending on the properties of the highly uniaxially oriented fiber, it may be easy to mold the flocs, so that the device having the best dispersibility may be selected.
実施例１ 長さ6mmのパラ系アラミドのケブラー繊維（ケブラー2
9,デュポン社製）（以下ケブラー繊維Ａという。）1gと
純水400gとを500ml容の板口フラスコに入れて毎分110
回、振幅7cmで往復振盪した。10時間後に走査型電子顕
微鏡を用いて観察したところケブラー繊維Ａの表面がフ
ィブリル化していることがわかった。（以下ケブラー繊
維Ｂをいう。第２図参照）。Example 1 6 mm long para-aramid Kevlar fiber (Kevlar 2
9, manufactured by DuPont) (hereinafter referred to as Kevlar fiber A), 1 g and 400 g of pure water are put into a 500 ml plate-necked flask and 110 per minute.
Shaking was performed twice with an amplitude of 7 cm. Observation after 10 hours using a scanning electron microscope revealed that the surface of the Kevlar fiber A was fibrillated. (Hereinafter referred to as Kevlar fiber B. See FIG. 2).
次に、ケブラー繊維A1部と水40部の割合で混合した液
を、クラフリン（Claflin）01の広角精砕機において入
力圧力15Psi、ストック流速50／分、送電端給電量9KW
（2.75W/秒/m）で処理した（以下ケブラー繊維Ｃとい
う。第３図参照）。Next, a liquid mixed with 1 part of Kevlar fiber A and 40 parts of water was put into a Claflin 01 wide-angle refiner with an input pressure of 15 Psi, a stock flow rate of 50 / min, and a power transmission end power supply of 9 KW.
(2.75 W / sec / m) (hereinafter referred to as Kevlar fiber C. See FIG. 3).
これらのケブラー繊維Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃと市販のケブラー29
でつくったパルプ（デュポン社製）の繊維（以下ケブラ
ー繊維Ｄという。第４図参照）の繊維軸方向の引張強度
を比較した。結果を第１表に示した。These Kevlar fibers A, B, C and commercially available Kevlar 29
The tensile strengths of the fibers (hereinafter referred to as Kevlar fibers D. See FIG. 4) of the pulp (manufactured by DuPont) produced in 1 above were compared in the fiber axis direction. The results are shown in Table 1.
本発明のフィブリル化方法により得られた繊維（ケブ
ラー繊維Ｂ）はフィブリル化しない繊維（ケブラー繊維
Ａ）と繊維軸方向の強度とほとんど変わらなかった。 The fiber obtained by the fibrillation method of the present invention (Kevlar fiber B) had almost the same strength as the fiber not fibrillated (Kevlar fiber A) in the fiber axial direction.
実施例２ ケブラー繊維Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄをそれぞれ水に懸濁して
0.1重量％のスラリーとして、常法によりシートを抄造
した。坪量はすべて30g/m2とした。これらのシートの引
張強度を比較した結果を第２表に示す。Example 2 Kevlar fibers A, B, C and D were suspended in water, respectively.
A sheet was made into paper by a conventional method as a 0.1% by weight slurry. All basis weights were 30 g / m 2 . The results of comparing the tensile strengths of these sheets are shown in Table 2.
＊シート強度が弱すぎて測定機にとりつけられず測定不
能であった。 * Sheet strength was too weak to attach to a measuring machine and measurement was impossible.
本発明で述べた方法につくったケブラー繊維のフィブ
リル化したもの（ケブラー繊維Ｂ）はシートとして取り
扱いに必要な強度が得られるだけフィブリル化が十分に
行われていたと同時に、フィブリル化に際して繊維軸方
向の強度も、もとの繊維（ケブラー繊維Ａ）とほとんど
かわらなかったため、本発明の方法で得た一軸配向繊維
よりなるシートは従来のケブラー繊維Ｃ、Ｄからつくっ
たシートよりも高い引張強度が得られた。The fibrillated product of the Kevlar fiber (Kevlar fiber B) produced by the method described in the present invention was sufficiently fibrillated to obtain the strength required for handling as a sheet, and at the same time, the fibrillation was performed in the fiber axial direction. Since the strength of the fiber was almost the same as that of the original fiber (Kevlar fiber A), the sheet made of the uniaxially oriented fiber obtained by the method of the present invention has higher tensile strength than the sheet made of the conventional Kevlar fibers C and D. Was obtained.
第１図はデュポン社製アラミド繊維「ケブラー29」の、
第２図はケブラー29を水に浸し板口フラスコ内で毎分11
0回振幅7cmで往復振とうさせた時の本発明のフィブリル
化したケブラー29の、第３図は従来の方法による水に浸
したケブラー29をクラフリン01の広角精砕機にかけてフ
ィブリル化したケブラー29の、及び第４図はデュポン社
製パルプの一繊維のそれぞれ形状を示す光学顕微鏡写真
（×150）である。Figure 1 shows the DuPont aramid fiber "Kevlar 29"
Figure 2 shows that Kevlar 29 is dipped in water and placed in a plate-necked flask at 11
Fig. 3 shows a fibrillated Kevlar 29 of the present invention when it was shaken reciprocally at an amplitude of 7 cm for 0 times. Fig. 3 shows a Kevlar 29 fibrillated by applying a conventional water-immersed Kevlar 29 to a Claflin 01 wide-angle refiner. , And FIG. 4 are optical micrographs (× 150) showing the shape of each fiber of DuPont pulp.
Claims (2)
0.01〜20.0重量％の濃度に懸濁した後に、該水性液体
を、該アラミド繊維が繊維軸に沿ってほぐれて該ほぐれ
により繊維同士が結合可能になるまで撹拌することを特
徴とする、機械的剪断力によるのではなくアラミド繊維
と水性液体との摩擦によって一軸配向アラミド繊維をフ
ィブリル化する方法1. A uniaxially oriented aramid fiber in an aqueous liquid
After suspending to a concentration of 0.01 to 20.0% by weight, the aqueous liquid is stirred until the aramid fibers are unraveled along the fiber axis and the unraveling allows the fibers to bond to each other, mechanically A method for fibrillating uniaxially oriented aramid fibers by friction between aramid fibers and an aqueous liquid rather than by shear forces
反転式アジター、往復振盪機又は超音波による液の振動
によって行なわれるものである特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の方法2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring is performed by a magnetic stirrer, a reciprocating reversing agitator, a reciprocating shaker, or vibration of the liquid by ultrasonic waves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62221989A JPH0823116B2 (en) | 1987-09-07 | 1987-09-07 | Method for fibrillating uniaxially oriented fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62221989A JPH0823116B2 (en) | 1987-09-07 | 1987-09-07 | Method for fibrillating uniaxially oriented fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6468511A JPS6468511A (en) | 1989-03-14 |
| JPH0823116B2 true JPH0823116B2 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
Family
ID=16775335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62221989A Expired - Lifetime JPH0823116B2 (en) | 1987-09-07 | 1987-09-07 | Method for fibrillating uniaxially oriented fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0823116B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010056082A1 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Lubing Maschinenfabrik Ludwig Bening Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for cleaning a conveyor for agricultural products and conveyor for agricultural products |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6035605B2 (en) * | 1981-07-22 | 1985-08-15 | 工業技術院長 | How to detect contact data using a contact sensor |
| US4472241A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1984-09-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Co-refining of aramid fibrids and floc |
| JPS61160413A (en) * | 1985-01-08 | 1986-07-21 | Teijin Ltd | Synthetic fibril |
| JPS61169214A (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Teijin Ltd | Manufacture of formed product |
| JPS63165514A (en) * | 1986-12-26 | 1988-07-08 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of pulp granules |
| JPS63190087A (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-08-05 | 旭化成株式会社 | Production of pulp particle |
-
1987
- 1987-09-07 JP JP62221989A patent/JPH0823116B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6468511A (en) | 1989-03-14 |
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