JPH0823533B2 - Appearance inspection device for rubber belts - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rubber belt appearance inspecting apparatus, and more particularly to a defective surface of a rubber belt such as cracks, chips, dents and the like and defective polishing, carbon dispersion, cut thread dispersion, color of foreign matter and the like. The present invention relates to a rubber belt appearance inspection device that detects the lightness and darkness of a rubber belt.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the manufacture of V-ribbed belts, a vulcanized cylindrical rubber sleeve is cut into a predetermined width, and the rubber sleeve is hung on a driving roll and a driven roll under a constant tension while running. The rotating grinding wheel was engaged with the rubber sleeve, and the rubber sleeve was provided with a plurality of ribs. The obtained rubber sleeve was cut into a predetermined width in the next step and finished into individual belts. Then, the operator visually observes the defective parts of the uneven surface such as cracks, chips, and dents on the polished surface of each belt, or defective polishing of the belt surface, carbon dispersion, cut yarn dispersion, and light and shade of color such as foreign matter. Was inspecting. If such a defect portion or a light and shade portion exists on the belt surface, when the belt is run, a crack may grow from the defect portion or the light and shade portion and cause the belt to be damaged early. It was an important step in maintaining the quality of the belt.

[0003]

However, although the visual judgment of the operator is tentatively standardized, it is somewhat different depending on the individual and largely depends on the feeling of the operator. In addition, a skilled worker is required to make a quick quality decision. Therefore, in the past, it has been attempted to automate this visual inspection. For example,
The inspected object is irradiated with light and the reflected light is used by a PSD element (semiconductor position detecting element) to measure the depth of the recessed portion, which is an abnormal portion, and an abnormal signal is emitted when the depth exceeds a certain value. It was However, even with this inspection apparatus, if the depth of the depression is small, there is a large problem that cannot be detected, and the accuracy of the inspection is poor. Therefore, it has been difficult to perform a visual inspection of a product having a small dent portion such as a rubber belt.

In addition, if the surface of the rubber sleeve after polishing the surface has polishing debris or dust on it, the inspection device may detect this and there is also a problem that even a normal surface may be detected as a defect. . The present invention solves such a problem, and removes dust adhering to the object to be inspected to obtain an accurate inspection state, and inspects small irregularities and shades of color, and An object of the present invention is to provide a visual inspection device for a rubber belt, which enables visual inspection in a state close to visual judgment by an operator.

[0005]

That is, according to the present invention which meets the above object, the appearance of a rubber belt for detecting unevenness such as cracks, chips, dents or the like on the surface of an object to be inspected, which is made of a rubber belt, and the shade of the surface color An inspection device, a belt running part that hangs a rubber belt on a driving roll and a driven roll and runs it under a constant tension, and prevents the rubber belt from shifting in the width direction by abutting the running rubber belt surface. The belt positioning roll, the brush part that comes into contact with the running rubber belt surface to remove dust and the like adhering to the rubber belt, and moves toward the rubber belt surface while moving along the width direction of the rubber belt suspended between the drive roll and the driven roll. And a mark part that marks the surface of the rubber belt when a value outside the judgment value range is detected by the laser part. In Za processor, the laser unit
In the relationship between the light intensity level and the displacement accuracy at
Installing the bell near the location where the displacement accuracy drops sharply
The amplifier offset to increase the deviation from the true value.
Set a threshold value , and while moving along the width direction of the rubber belt, the image signal on the surface of the rubber belt is sequentially converted into a digital signal by image processing to detect color shading, and a value outside the range of the judgment value is detected. And an image processing device having a mark portion for marking the surface of the rubber belt.

The present invention also provides a rotary brush and a fixed brush.
Includes two brush parts.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the rubber belt is hung on the driving roll and the driven roll, and while being run under a constant tension, the belt positioning roll prevents the rubber belt from being offset in the width direction. By operating the laser belt and the image processing apparatus, it is possible to detect small irregularities and shades of color while operating the laser belt and the image processing apparatus while contacting the surface of the running rubber belt to remove dust and the like attached to the rubber belt. Then, when the laser processing device and the image processing device detect values outside the range of the respective judgment values, the respective mark portions operate to mark the surface of the rubber belt.

Here, the light receiving portion of the laser processing device has a resistance layer, and the light energy received by the light receiving portion flows as a photocurrent through the resistance layer and is divided into two electrodes for extraction. At this time, the currents drawn from the electrodes are I ₁ , I
_{If 2} , then the light quantity = I ₁ + I ₂ and the displacement = (I ₁ −
I ₂ ) / (I ₁ + I ₂ + B). However, B is the offset value of the amplifier. Therefore, since the reflected light from the normal portion of the rubber belt always enters the center of the resistance layer, the currents I ₁ and I ₂ are equal and the displacement (distance) is zero, while the reflected light from the uneven portion of the rubber belt is the resistance. Since the light is incident away from the center of the layer, I ₁ and I ₂ are different from each other, and a displacement occurs.

In the present invention, the characteristic that the laser light amount decreases when a defective portion is detected and the relational expression of the displacement are utilized. When the laser light amount is smaller than a certain value, the displacement data is larger than the true value. Then, an error is caused, and by utilizing this, it becomes possible to detect a defect with a small change in displacement data. Further, in the image processing apparatus, the grayscale difference of an image signal which is an analog signal is divided into two values of black and white at a boundary line and digitized, and data larger than the boundary line is counted and compared with a judgment value. It is possible to detect a portion having different gloss with respect to the base rubber, for example, defective polishing, carbon dispersion, cut yarn dispersion, foreign matter, or the like.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a rubber belt appearance inspection apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. According to this, in the rubber belt appearance inspection device 1 of the present invention, minute cracks or chips on the surface of the inspection object formed of the rubber belt 2,
This is a device for automatically inspecting irregularities such as dents, and a belt traveling unit 3 for traveling the rubber belt 2 as the inspection object.
A belt positioning roll 4 for preventing the running of the rubber belt 2 in one direction while running and for accurately running, and a brush portion 5 for removing dust and the like adhering to the surface of the rubber belt 2.
A laser processing device 6 having a laser section 7 and a mark section 8 for marking the surface of the rubber belt 2 when a value outside the judgment value range is detected, and an illumination section, a camera, an image processing section, and a mark section. And an image processing device 9 having

Here, the belt traveling unit 3 comprises a driving roll 10 and a movable driven roll 11.
The drive roll 10 is supported by a bearing 12, and a pulley 16 attached to the tip of the drive roll 10 is connected to a prime mover 14 installed on an upper support 13 via a transmission belt 15. On the other hand, the driven roller 11 has its bearing 17 fixed to the tip of a rod 19 of a cylinder 18 installed on the upper support 13. The bearing 17 of the driven roll 11 has a slide portion 20 fixed to the bearing 17 fitted to a pair of guide rails 21 fixed to the upper support 13. Therefore, when the cylinder 18 operates, the driven roll 11 horizontally separates from the drive roll 10 along the guide rail 20 and approaches the driven roll 11.

The belt positioning roll 4 is the drive roll 1
The frame 23 located just above 0 and supporting it
Are connected to a pair of guide rods 24 provided on the upper support 13 and a cylinder 25 located between them. The belt positioning roll 4 moves up and down by the operation of the cylinder 25, and comes into contact with the surface of the rubber belt 2 which is suspended between the drive roll 10 and the driven roll 11 under a predetermined tension. As a result, the rubber belt 2 having the core wire embedded therein does not deviate in one direction even when running. In particular, when inspecting the rubber belt 2 having a plurality of ribs in the width direction, the belt positioning roll 4 that fits into the rib may be used.

The brush unit 5 is composed of two brushes, a rotating brush 27 and a fixed brush 28, and both of the brushes 27 and 28 are in contact with the driven roll 11. The rotating brush 27 is connected to a prime mover 29 via a transmission belt 30 and removes dust such as rubber scraps adhering to the running rubber belt 2. Further, the fixed brush 28 has a function of surely removing dust and the like not removed by the rotating brush 27. Therefore, the fixed brush 28 needs to be positioned behind the rotating brush 27 with respect to the traveling direction of the rubber belt 2.

The laser processing device 6 includes at least one laser unit 7 and a mark unit 8 for marking the surface of the rubber belt 2 when a value outside the range of the judgment value is detected by the laser unit 7.
It consists of The laser processing device 6 is installed on the base 31, and is moved by the prime mover 32 on the rail 33 in the width direction of the rubber belt 2. Also, the laser processing device 6
The bearing 34 provided in the lower part of the laser processing device 6 is fitted into the screw portion 35 installed on the base 31, and the laser processing device 6 is moved to the drive roll 10 side by the operation of the servo motor 36 provided at the tip of the screw portion 35.

The laser unit 7 projects a laser beam toward the surface of the rubber belt 2 which is running and receives the light reflected from the belt surface. The light receiving portion 37 has a semiconductor position detecting element (PSD), which converts light energy received by the resistive layer of the PSD into photocurrent and divides the resistive layer into two electrodes for extraction. The laser light is 400 to 10
00 monochromatic with those having a wavelength of nanometer, sharp directivity, and can correctly detect the state of the rubber belt 2 surface for high degree of focusing. If the currents drawn from the electrodes at this time are I ₁ and I ₂ , the light amount = I ₁ + I
₂ and the displacement = (I ₁ −I ₂ ) / (I ₁ + I ₂ + B)
Becomes However, B is the offset value of the amplifier. Therefore, when the reflected light from the normal portion of the rubber belt enters the center of the preset resistance layer, the currents I ₁ and I ₂ become equal and the displacement becomes zero. On the other hand, since the reflected light from the uneven portion of the rubber belt is incident apart from the center of the resistance layer, I ₁ and I ₂ are different and displacement occurs. The defective portion can be found by detecting such a change in the displacement data.

Moreover, according to the present invention, the defective portion can be detected even when the change in the displacement (distance) data is small. That is, the laser light amount decreases when a defective portion is detected, but as shown in FIG. 3, when the absolute value of the laser light amount falls below a certain value, the displacement accuracy extremely decreases, and the displacement data is larger than the true value. Error occurs. That way, it is possible to detect the change was small portion of the original displacement data as a defect. For this reason,
In the present invention, it is necessary to set the light amount level in the vicinity of where the displacement accuracy starts to suddenly decrease. Further, since the deviation amount from the true value of the displacement data is determined by the offset value B of the displacement type amplifier, this value is fixed. In FIG. 3, the laser light amount (%) is calculated so that the maximum value that can be amplified by the amplifier is 100%.

In this way, cracks, cracks, dents, etc. are detected. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the cracks, cracks, etc., are continuously detected by the runout value of the displacement data for the belt length of 1 mm. Then, the maximum value (PP value) is compared and evaluated with the determination value. Further, as for the dent detection, as shown in FIG. 5, the average value of the displacement data of the constant section (a) is calculated and continuously compared with the average value separated by the distance L, and the maximum of the measured value (difference) is obtained. Evaluate the value against the judgment value.

The mark portion 8 is activated when the laser portion 7 detects a crack, a chip, a dent, or the like. When an abnormal signal is detected, a cylinder incorporated therein operates to cause the pen 38 to project. Put a linear mark on the defective portion of the surface of the rubber belt 2.

The image processing device 9 includes a lighting unit 40 and a camera 4.
1 and an image processing unit 42. The image processing device 9 is installed on a base 43, and is moved by a prime mover 44 on a rail 45 in the width direction of the rubber belt 2.
The illumination unit 40 illuminates the surface of the rubber belt 2 and the camera 41 captures an image by the reflected light from the surface of the rubber belt 2. The image processing unit 42 divides the image signal (analog signal) captured by the camera 41 into a black and white binary value by a boundary line that can be arbitrarily set, and digitizes the image signal. Using this digital signal, the defect is whiter than the base rubber. The area between the portion and the black defective portion is measured, and is compared and evaluated with the pass / fail judgment value.

As the camera 41, for example, a video camera having a CCD element can be used, and the white defective portion and the black defective portion which can be caught by the dispersion of carbon or cut yarn existing on the surface of the rubber belt 2, Alternatively, it is white ZuO, a metal piece, or a black foreign substance. If the image processing device 9 detects defects such as poor polishing, carbon dispersion, cut yarn dispersion, foreign matter, etc., the mark portion 46 is activated, and the cylinder incorporated therein operates to cause the pen 47 to project. It is possible to put a linear mark on the defective portion on the surface of the rubber belt 2. Further, with respect to the lump of carbon and the cut yarn, it is possible to process only the data having several pixels continuous by validating by applying a noise filter to the image processing unit 42.

Next, the operation of the rubber belt appearance inspection apparatus of the present invention will be described. First, the driven roll 11 of the belt traveling unit 3 is brought closer to the drive roll 10 side, and the rubber belt 2
Installed on the two rolls 10 and 11, then the driven roll 1
1 is separated from the drive roll 10 to apply tension to the rubber belt 2. After that, the belt positioning roll 4 is moved by the operation of the cylinder 25 and comes into contact with the surface of the rubber belt 2, and the rotating brush 27 and the fixed brush 28 of the brush portion 5 come into contact with the rubber belt 2. Then, the drive roll 10 rotates and the rubber belt 2 runs.

At this time, the laser portion 7 and the mark portion 8 of the laser processing device 6 are located at one end of the rubber belt 2, and the laser portion 7 is operated while moving toward the other end to crack the surface of the rubber belt 2. Inspect for defects such as cracks, dents, etc. When the laser unit 7 detects a defective portion, the pen 38 of the mark portion 8 projects to put a linear mark on the surface of the rubber belt 2. At this time, the movement of the laser processing device 6 is stopped.

Further, like the laser processing device 6, the illumination unit 40 and the camera 41 of the image processing device 9 are also located at one end of the rubber belt 2 and perform image processing on the surface of the rubber belt 2 while moving toward the other end. However, the presence of polishing defects, carbon dispersion, cut yarn dispersion, foreign matter, etc. is detected. When the presence of these is detected, the pen 47 of the mark portion 46 projects to form a linear mark on the surface of the rubber belt 2. At this time as well, the movement of the image processing device 9 is stopped. When the inspection is completed, the rotation of the drive roll 10 is stopped, the driven roll 11 is brought closer to the drive roll 10 side, and the belt positioning roll 4 is separated from the rubber belt 2,
Take out the rubber belt 2.

[0024]

As described above, in the appearance inspection apparatus for a rubber belt of the present invention, the rubber belt is hung on the driving roll and the driven roll, and the belt is positioned in one direction by the belt positioning roll while running under a constant tension. Of the surface of the rubber belt by using the laser processing device and the image processing device in combination to prevent the dust from adhering to the rubber belt by contacting the running rubber belt surface by the operation of the brush portion. It is possible to accurately and accurately inspect for defects such as cracks, chips, and dents, defective polishing, carbon dispersion, cut yarn dispersion, and the presence of white defects and black defects such as foreign matter that are whiter than the base rubber. By marking the black and white defective part, its position can be confirmed, enabling visual inspection in a state close to the visual judgment of the operator. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a rubber belt appearance inspection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the level of laser light amount and displacement accuracy.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing displacement data for detecting cracks and chips on the surface of a rubber belt.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing displacement data for detecting a dent on the surface of a rubber belt.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Appearance inspection device for rubber belt 2 Rubber belt 3 Belt running part 4 Belt positioning roll 5 Brush part 6 Laser processing device 7 Laser part 8 Mark part 9 Image processing device 10 Driving roll 11 Driven roll 27 Rotating brush 28 Fixed brush 40 Illuminating part 41 Camera 42 image processing unit 46 mark unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-1-308950 (JP, A) JP-A-63-135252 (JP, A) JP-A-63-180323 (JP, A) JP-A-60- 209141 (JP, A) JP-A 1-296145 (JP, A) Actually open 3-21021 (JP, U) Actually open 52-80688 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An appearance inspection device for a rubber belt, which detects irregularities such as cracks, chips, and dents on the surface of an object to be inspected, which is made of a rubber belt, and the lightness and darkness of the color of the surface. Then, the belt running part for running it under a constant tension, the belt positioning roll for contacting the running rubber belt surface to prevent the rubber belt from being offset in the width direction, and the running rubber belt surface for contacting the rubber belt surface. Judgment value is determined by the brush part that removes dust adhering to the surface and the laser part that projects and receives light toward the rubber belt surface while moving along the width direction of the rubber belt that is hung on the driving roll and the driven roll and the laser part. a laser processing apparatus and a mark portion to mark the rubber belt surface when it detects a value outside the range, the laser unit
In the relationship between the light intensity level and the displacement accuracy at
Installing the bell near the location where the displacement accuracy drops sharply
The amplifier offset to increase the deviation from the true value.
Set a threshold value , and while moving along the width direction of the rubber belt, the image signal on the surface of the rubber belt is sequentially converted into a digital signal by image processing to detect color shading, and a value outside the range of the judgment value is detected. An appearance inspection device for a rubber belt, comprising an image processing device having a mark portion for marking the surface of the rubber belt at times. 2. The brush part is composed of a rotary brush and a fixed brush.
The visual inspection device for a rubber belt according to claim 1, wherein