JPH0824416B2 - Vibration type axial air gap type motor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application of the invention] The present invention relates to a signal receiver for the blind, for the purpose of transmitting a predetermined signal, and to provide a light vibrator to a human body or the like, which has a massage effect or a light effect. It is built into a massage device or pager (hereinafter referred to as pager) that requires vibration, and when it is driven, it vibrates the pager, etc., and by giving that vibration to the human body, etc., the pager etc. operates. The present invention relates to a vibration type axial gap type (DC) electric motor capable of causing vibration, such as a device that can be used for the purpose of notifying that the armature coil has only two phases. The coil is more useful when used in an electric motor having a three-phase structure.

[Prior Art and its Problems] As a device for transmitting vibration to a human body, various devices such as a massage machine and a signal receiver for the blind are known.

The vibration type axial air gap type electric motor of the present invention is useful for use in the above-mentioned device, but, for example, when the pager is shown below, it has the following drawbacks in the related art.

In today's information-oriented society, pagers are frequently used by business people and the number of units sold is increasing.

Here, the pager emits a loud sound regardless of the location, and the sound causes annoyance to surrounding people, or the sound has a bad influence on the mental state of the person having the pager. .

Under these circumstances, attempts have recently been made to make it possible to convey a telephone call by causing a pager to vibrate instead of producing a sound.

Although various means can be considered as means for causing the pager to vibrate, an inexpensive small DC motor is considered promising for vibrating the small pager. In particular, a DC motor is even cheaper, small in size, good in efficiency, and suitable for high-speed rotation.

As the conventional axial gap type electric motor 4 used for the pager 5 and the like, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a flat rotating shaft 2 of the axial gap type electric motor 1 is attached to the swivel plate 3. It has a structure with attached.

In this way, the vibration type axial gap type electric motor 4 configured by attaching the swivel plate 3 to the rotary shaft 2 of the axial gap type electric motor 1 is built in the pager 5, and if this is driven, the pager 5 will vibrate. .

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the axial air gap type motor 1 used for the axially flat vibration type axial air gap type motor 4, 6 and 7 are motor casings made of magnetic material, and motor casings 6,
7 also serves as a stator yoke.

Bearings 8 and 9 are mounted in the central portions of the motor casings 6 and 7, and the rotating shaft 2 of a coreless flat armature 10 that constitutes a rotor is rotatably supported by the bearings 8 and 9.

The coreless flat armature 10 has, for example, three air-core type armature coils 12-1 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 in order to form an efficient three-phase axial air gap type DC motor 1. , 12
The outer peripheral portions of −2 and 12-3 are molded with plastic 23 so as not to overlap each other at an equal pitch of 120 degrees, and are integrally formed into a disk shape.

In the armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3, the effective conductor portions 12a and 12a ′ in the radial direction contribute to the generated torque, and the conductor portions 12b and 12c in the circumferential direction do not contribute to the generated torque. ing.

Further, the armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 have effective conductor portions 12a and 12a ′ in order to form the efficient motor 1.
The open angle between and is shown in Fig. 9 below.
The width is equal to the width of one magnetic pole (which has four poles), that is, a 90-degree fan-frame shape.

On the lower surface of the coreless flat armature 10, a commutator 11 consisting of a group of commutator pieces 11-1, ..., 11-6 concentric with the rotary shaft 2 is provided.
Is provided. The commutator 11 will be described later.

Concentric with the commutator 11, on the lower surface of the coreless flat armature 10, a printed distribution board 13 is arranged as shown in FIG.
The armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 and the commutator 11 are finally electrically connected via the printed power distribution board 13 as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14. In the cases of FIGS. 11 and 12, the Y-type connection is used, and in the cases of FIGS. 13 and 14, the Δ-connection is used.

As shown in FIG. 9, on the surface of the motor housing 7 which faces the coreless flat armature 10 via the air gap 37 in the axial direction, N
A flat ring-shaped four-pole field magnet 14 having magnetic poles of S pole and S pole alternately at an opening angle of 90 degrees is fixed.

On the inner surface of the field magnet 14, two brushes 16 and 17 supported by an annular brush holder 15 made of plastic are slid at an opening angle of 90 degrees as shown in FIGS. 10 and 13. Touching.

The coreless flat armature 10 has three armature coils 12-1, as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 11 to FIG.
.., 12-3 are arranged at a pitch of 120 degrees and face each other with the field magnet 14 with a gap 37 in the axial direction as shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a development view of the coreless armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 when the field magnet 14 and the Y-type connection are made. FIG. 12 shows three armature coils 12-1. , ・ ・ ・, 12−
The wiring diagram of the case where the 3 groups and the commutator 11 composed of 6 commutator pieces 11-1, ..., 11-6 group are Y-connected, and FIG. 13 is Δ-connected to the field magnet 14. FIG. 14 shows a development view of the coreless flat armature 10 in the case, and FIG. 14 shows three armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 and six commutator pieces 11-1 ,.
The wiring diagram when the commutator 11 composed of 11-6 is connected by Δ is shown.

Referring to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the armature coil 12-1 ,.
.., 12-3 connect the terminals of one of the effective conductor portions 12a to the commutator pieces 11-1, 11-3, 11-5, respectively, and connect the other terminals respectively to the commutator pieces 11-3. -1 and 11-4, 11-
2 and 11-5 are electrically connected, and 11-3 and 11-6 are electrically connected.

Referring to FIG. 15, brushes 16 and 17 and armature coil 12
-1, ..., 12-3 are commutator pieces 11-1, ..., 11-6
Since the armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 are formed at equal intervals with a pitch of 60 degrees, currents in the forward and reverse directions can be applied to the armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 at 180 electrical degrees. 1 brush
The 6 and 17 are in sliding contact with each other with an electrical angle of 180 degrees (mechanical angle of 90 degrees) offset from each other.

The brushes 16 and 17 are respectively connected to a positive power supply terminal 18 and a negative power supply terminal 19 of a drive circuit (not shown).

13 and 14 show the delta connection. The terminals of one of the effective conductor portions 12b of the armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 are commutator pieces 11-1, 11 respectively. -3, 11-5, and the other terminals are connected to commutator pieces 11-2, 11-4, 11-6, respectively.

Further, the other effective conductor portion 12b of the armature coil 12-1 and one effective conductor portion 12a of the armature coil 12-3 are electrically connected to each other, and one effective conductor portion 12a of the armature coil 12-2 is connected. One of the effective conductor portions 12a of the armature coil 12-1 is electrically connected to the other effective conductor portion 12b of the armature coil 12-3.
And the other effective conductor portion 12b of the armature coil 12-2 are electrically connected.

Therefore, when the armature coils 12-1, ..., 12-3 group are energized via the brushes 16 and 17 and the commutator 11, the brushes 16 and 17 are
When the commutator 11 rotates while sliding in contact with, for example,
In the state of FIG. 11 and FIG. 13, the armature coils 12-1, 12-3
A current in the arrow direction can be applied to the armature coil 12-1,
.., the coreless flat armature 10 composed of the 12-3 group is rotated.

Therefore, if the user wears the pager 5 having such a vibration type axial gap type electric motor 4, the pager 5 vibrates, and the vibration of the pager 5 makes it possible to know that a telephone call is made. it can.

The axial air gap type electric motor 1 adopted for the pager 5 is certainly useful, but when this is simply attached to the swivel plate 3 and used for the pager 5, the swivel plate 3 is attached to the rotary shaft 2. Since it has to be attached, there is a drawback in that it is not excellent in terms of mass production and makes the pager 5 expensive, and because the swivel plate 3 is provided, the electric motor 1 becomes longer in the axial direction, and the pager 5 is much smaller. However, it was difficult to reduce costs and reduce costs.

In order to solve the drawbacks of the conventional vibration type axial gap type electric motor 4 for the pager 5, the present inventors have previously made the vibration type axial gap type electric motor 20 shown in FIGS. 15 to 20 below. Invented

The vibration type axial gap type electric motor 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 20.

Fig. 15 shows a vibration type axial air gap type electric motor that is flat in the axial direction.
In the vertical sectional view of 20, the same members as those in FIG. 6 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of the vibration type axial air gap type electric motor 20 embodying the one shown in FIG. 15, and the vibration type axial air gap type electric motor shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 is shown.
20 and the vibration type axial air gap type electric motor 4 of FIGS. 4 to 6
The main difference is that the swivel plate 3 can be dispensed with in the electric motor 20, and since the swivel plate 3 does not need to be attached in the electric motor 20 of this structure, the rotary shaft 2'projects above the electric motor 20. Since it is not necessary to do so, it is possible to form the vibration type axial gap type (DC) motor 20 that is short in the axial direction by that amount, and since there is no armature coil 12-3, the electrical connection becomes easier by that amount. In terms of points, there is a difference in appearance of the electric motor 20. Other differences will be described in detail below.

In this electric motor 20, a coreless flat armature 21 is rotatably supported by bearings 8 and 9. The coreless flat armature 21 is different from the coreless flat armature 10 mainly in the coreless flat electric machine. One of the armature coils 12-3 of the child 10 is deleted as it is, a portion where the armature coil 12-3 was present is formed in a through hole, and the field magnet 14 has an N pole ( Since the permanent magnet 22 is embedded with the magnetized magnetic pole (or the S pole) facing and the rotary shaft 2 ′ does not have to project above the electric motor 20, the length becomes shorter than the rotary shaft 2. That is the point. That is, as is apparent from FIG. 15, the rotary shaft 2'is not projected above the electric motor 20.

In this vibration type axial air gap type electric motor 20, the coreless flat armature 21 is molded by a plastic 23 having a low specific gravity and the like.
An eccentric metal weight plate 24 made of a non-magnetic material having a large specific gravity, such as lead or tungsten, is provided between the -1 and the permanent magnet 22.

When disposing the permanent magnet 22 and the eccentric metal weight plate 24 on the coreless flat armature 21, the armature coil 12
It is preferable to integrally form -1, 12-2 at the same time when the plastic 23 is molded into a disk shape. Here, the plastic 23 is preferably selected from a material having a smaller specific gravity than the armature coils 12-1 and 12-2, and the eccentric metal weight plate 24 is the armature coils 12-1 and 12-. A preferable result is obtained by using a metal having a specific gravity higher than 2, for example, tungsten.

In addition, in FIG. 16, reference numerals 25 and 26 respectively refer to the first item described below.
7 shows lead wires connected to the positive power supply terminal 18 and the negative power supply terminal 19 shown in FIG.

According to the vibration type axial gap type electric motor 20 having the coreless flat armature 21 thus formed, the armature coil 12-
Since 1 and 12-2 are made of copper, they function as eccentric weights, but because of the permanent magnet 22, the attraction and repulsion between the permanent magnet 22 and the field magnet 14 gives priority to rotation while eccentricity occurs. As a result, vibration is generated in the axial direction and the rotation direction, so that the pager 5 incorporating the electric motor 20 vibrates. The weight plate 24 is provided to promote the above-mentioned action, and the permanent magnet 22 needs to have an appropriate magnetic strength in relation to the field magnet 14. This is because if a permanent magnet 22 having a weak magnetic force is used, the permanent magnet 22 is magnetized by the magnetic force of the field magnet 14 and a good result cannot be obtained.

In the electric motor 20, the commutators 11 and 2 including six commutator pieces 11-1, ..., 11-6, like the electric motor 1, are used.
There are individual brushes 16 and 17, and the arrangement of the brushes 16 and 17 is the same as in the case of the electric motor 1 described above, but the commutator 11 is electrically connected as shown in FIGS. 17 to 20. Is going.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show the case of Δ connection, in which one of the effective conductor portions 12a of the armature coils 12-1, 12-2 is connected to the commutator pieces 11-1, 11-3, respectively. The other effective conductor portion 12b
Are connected to commutator pieces 11-2 and 11-4, respectively.

Commutator pieces 11-3 and 11-6, 11-4 and 11-1, 11-5
And 11-2 are electrically connected.

Thus, in the case of Δ connection, the armature coil 12-3
The electric connection method is almost the same as in the case of Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 above, but the Y-type connection cannot be used as it is, as shown in Fig. 19 and Fig. 20. It needs to be devised.

 The Y-type connection in that case will be described below.

Figures 19 and 20 show the case of Y-type wiring, and the commutator
11-1, ..., 11-6 commutator 11 and brushes 16,17
The corresponding relationship with is the same as that of the above embodiment, but the armature coils 12-1 and 12-2 are electrically connected as follows.

One of the effective conductor portions 12a of the armature coils 12-1, 12-2
Are connected to commutator pieces 11-1 and 11-3, respectively.
Also, the other effective conductor portion 12 of the armature coils 12-1 and 12-2
b are commonly connected to each other.

Commutator pieces 11-1 and 11-4, 11-2 and 11-5, 11-3
And 11-6 are electrically connected.

The other effective conductor portion 12 of the armature coils 11-1 and 11-2
The connection point 27 between b is connected to the commutator piece 11-2 to short-circuit.

This electrical short is different from the above-mentioned Δ connection.

This is because in the case of Y-type connection, there is a point where no rotation torque occurs unless a short circuit is made in this way, and smooth rotation cannot be performed.

The vibration type axial gap type electric motor 20 described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 20 is very useful as described above.

However, the permanent magnet 22 exhibits a useful action of repeating attraction and repulsion in relation to the field magnet 14, but when the permanent magnet 22 repels the field magnet 14, the permanent magnet 22 of the motor casing 6 made of a magnetic material is used. Since the coreless flat armature 21 is magnetically coupled to the upper inner surface, the outer circumference of the coreless flat armature 21 is in sliding contact with the motor casing 6 to increase friction loss resistance and possibly to damage the coreless flat armature 21. Besides, since the magnetic path is closed above the permanent magnet 22 by the motor casing 6 made of a magnetic material through an axial gap, another strong magnetic flux due to the permanent magnet 22 cannot be obtained and the above large attraction / repulsion occurs. Since the torque could not be obtained, sufficient vibration could not be obtained, and the performance of the axial air gap type electric motor 20 could not be improved. Further, in the electric motor 20, the field magnet 14 and the permanent magnet 22 are
Since the motor casing 6 made of a magnetic material is used to close the magnetic path of the above, it cannot contribute to the reduction of weight and cost.

[Problems of the present invention] The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a large magnetic flux is obtained by the permanent magnet 22 by adding a component made of a small amount of magnetic material to the field magnet. In relation to the magnet 14, a large attraction / repulsion torque is obtained to obtain a sufficiently large vibration action, and when the permanent magnet 22 repulses with the field magnet 14, the permanent magnet 22 is a motor casing made of a magnetic material. 6 so as not to be magnetically coupled to the inner surface of the upper part of the core 6, to prevent the outer periphery of the coreless flat armature 21 from slidingly contacting the motor casing 6 so as not to cause loss friction resistance or damage the coreless flat armature 21. Also, when it is desired to form the motor casing 6 from resin in order to reduce weight and cost, leakage of magnetic flux to the outside of the permanent magnet 22 is reduced and the motor and the motor are used. It has been made to object to make it attained a weight and inexpensive of the device.

[Means for Achieving the Object of the Present Invention] The means for achieving the object of the present invention is, when a coreless flat armature rotates, a predetermined position of the coreless flat armature such that the coreless flat armature rotates eccentrically and vibrates. 1 or more of the armature coils are removed to form a through hole, and a permanent magnet magnetized to either the N pole or the S pole is disposed in the through hole to face the field magnet. This can be achieved by disposing an eccentric weight plate made of a magnetic material on the surface of the permanent magnet opposite to the field magnet.

[First Embodiment of the Invention] A vibration type axial gap type electric motor 28 as a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Fig. 1 shows a vibration type axial air gap type electric motor that is flat in the axial direction.
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of 28, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the coaxial air gap type motor 28. The same members as those in FIGS.

This vibration type axial air gap type electric motor 28 of the present invention is
The structure is almost the same as that of the vibration type axial air gap type electric motor 20 shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 16, and the coreless flat armature 21
The coreless flat armature 30 is formed by disposing and fixing the eccentric weight plate 29 made of a magnetic material such as an iron plate on the upper surface of the permanent magnet 22 opposite to the surface facing the field magnet 14.
When fixing the magnetic eccentric weight plate 29 to the coreless flat armature 30, it is convenient to integrate the armature coils 12-1 and 12-2 at the same time when molding them with the plastic 23. Becomes

Further, since the magnetic eccentric weight plate 29 assists the eccentric oscillating motion of the coreless flat armature 30 in addition to the vibration generated by the attraction / repulsion force of the permanent magnet 22, it vibrates the axial air gap type motor 28 more greatly. effective.

[Second Embodiment of the Present Invention] FIG. 3 shows a coreless flat armature 30 shown in FIG. 2 with a non-magnetic eccentricity such as lead or tungsten between the armature coils 12-1 and 12-2. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a coreless flat armature 30 'configured by burying a metal weight plate 24 for a magnetic body and disposing a magnetic substance eccentric weight plate 31 on the upper part thereof. The eccentric weight plate 31 may also be integrated when the plastic 23 is molded as in the above.

[Effects of the Present Invention] The present invention can effectively function as a blind signal transmission, a vibrator, a pager, etc. by slightly improving a conventionally known axial air gap type electric motor, and further, in the conventional case, Compared with the vibration type axial air gap type motor adopted in the above, there is an advantage that the thickness can be made thinner in the axial direction, and the vibration type axial air gap type motor using the coreless flat armature with the conventional permanent magnet is used. Compared with, the vibration efficiency is extremely high, and it has the advantage of eliminating the drawbacks that were previously problematic in terms of life. Furthermore, the vibration efficiency does not deteriorate even when the motor body is integrally formed of plastic or the like for weight reduction and cost reduction. Therefore, if it is adopted in the above-mentioned device, there is an advantage that the device can be manufactured in a small size and at a low cost, and a device having sufficiently improved performance can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration type axial gap type electric motor of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded bottom perspective view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a coreless flat armature showing a second embodiment of the present invention. Exploded perspective view,
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a pager using a conventional vibrating axial gap type electric motor, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a vibrating axial gap type electric motor using a swivel plate, and FIG. 6 is a coaxial gap type. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the electric motor, Fig. 7 is a top perspective view of the coreless flat armature of the coaxial air gap type motor, Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the coreless flat armature, and Fig. 9 is used for the coaxial air gap type motor. A plan view of a field magnet as an example, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a relationship between a commutator and a brush, and FIGS. 11 and 12 are explanatory views when an armature coil group and a commutator piece group are Δ-connected. , Thirteenth
Figures and 14 are explanatory views when the armature coil group and commutator piece group are Y-connected, FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional view of an improved conventional vibration type axial gap type electric motor, and FIG. 16 is Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 are exploded perspective views of the same vibration type axial gap type electric motor, and Fig. 17 is an explanatory view of the case where the armature coil group and the commutator piece group of the same vibration type axial gap type electric motor are connected by ∆, FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 are explanatory views in the case where the armature coil group and the commutator piece group of the same vibration type axial gap type electric motor are Y-connected. [Explanation of symbols] 1 …… Axial air gap motor, 2,2 ′ …… Rotary shaft, 3 …… Swivel plate, 4 …… Vibration type axial air gap motor, 5 …… Pager, 6,7… … Motor casing, 8,9 …… Bearing, 10,10 ′ ……
Coreless flat armature, 11 ... commutator, 11-1, ..., 11-
6 ... Commutator element, 12-1, ..., 12-3 ... Armature coil, 12a, 12a '... Effective conductor, 12b, 12c ... Conductor that does not contribute to generated torque, 13 ... Printed power distribution board, 14 …… field magnet, 15 …… brush holder, 16, 17 …… brush, 18 ……
Positive power supply terminal, 19 …… Negative power supply terminal, 20 …… Vibration type axial air gap type motor, 21 …… Coreless flat armature, 22 …… Permanent magnet, 23 …… Plastic, 24 …… Eccentric metal weight Plate, 25, 26 ...
… Lead wire, 27 …… Connection point, 28 …… Vibration type axial air gap type motor, 29 …… Magnetic material eccentric weight plate, 30,30 ′ …… Coreless flat armature, 31 …… Eccentric weight plate.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A flat field magnet having a plurality of N and S magnetic poles alternately provided as a stator, which is rotatably supported face-to-face with the field magnet via an axial gap. In an axial air gap type motor including coreless flat armatures having coreless armature coil groups at equal intervals, when the coreless flat armature rotates, the coreless flat armature rotates eccentrically and vibrates. One or more armature coils at predetermined locations of the coreless flat armature are removed to form a through hole, and a permanent magnet magnetized to either the N pole or the S pole is arranged in the through hole. A vibration type axial air gap type electric motor comprising an eccentric weight plate made of a magnetic material disposed on the surface of the permanent magnet opposite to the field magnet facing the field magnet. 2. A flat field magnet having four N and S magnetic poles alternately is provided as a stator, and is rotatably supported face-to-face with the field magnet via an axial gap. In an axial air gap type motor equipped with coreless flat armatures having three coreless armature coil groups at equal intervals, when the coreless flat armature rotates,
One coreless armature coil at a predetermined position of the coreless flat armature is deleted so that the coreless flat armature rotates eccentrically and vibrates, and the permanent magnet is embedded in the deleted through hole. A flat weight plate made of a magnetic material is disposed on the opposite surface facing the field magnet, and the coreless flat armature is constituted by the two armature coils. The vibration type axial gap type electric motor according to the item 1). 3. The coreless armature comprises a commutator having 3n (n is an integer of 1 or more) commutator pieces, and the commutator has a width m of one magnetic pole of a field magnet (m is 1). More odd)
The vibration type axial air gap type electric motor according to claim (1) or (2), comprising two brushes connected to the positive power source terminal and the negative power source terminal with a double opening angle. . 4. The coreless flat armature has six commutator pieces, the six commutator pieces and the two armature coils are Y-shaped connected, and the remaining deleted electric pieces The commutator piece to which the terminal of the child coil is to be connected and a connection point where one ends of the two armature coils are commonly connected are electrically short-circuited. Vibration type axial air gap type motor.