JPH0825042B2 - Aluminum-copper joint - Google Patents
Aluminum-copper jointInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0825042B2 JPH0825042B2 JP2555389A JP2555389A JPH0825042B2 JP H0825042 B2 JPH0825042 B2 JP H0825042B2 JP 2555389 A JP2555389 A JP 2555389A JP 2555389 A JP2555389 A JP 2555389A JP H0825042 B2 JPH0825042 B2 JP H0825042B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- copper
- peak
- joint
- joined body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、アルミニウムと銅の接合体に係り、より詳
しくは、アルミニウムと銅を一体化したアルミニウムと
銅の接合体に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a joined body of aluminum and copper, and more particularly to a joined body of aluminum and copper in which aluminum and copper are integrated.
（従来の技術及び解決しようとする課題） アルミニウムと銅との接合体は、種々の分野で利用さ
れているが、最近では主に電気関係部品に採用される例
が多くなっており、例えば、高圧用電気接続架線金具で
銅又はアルミニウム電線の接続端子として使用され、ま
たリニヤモーターカーの地上コイル端子としてアルミニ
ウムケーブルと銅ケーブルとの接合構造が用いられる。(Prior Art and Problems to be Solved) The joined body of aluminum and copper has been used in various fields, but recently, there are many examples mainly adopted for electrical-related parts. It is used as a connection terminal for copper or aluminum electric wires in high-voltage electrical connection overhead wire fittings, and as a ground coil terminal for a linear motor car, a joint structure of an aluminum cable and a copper cable is used.
ところで、アルミニウムと銅を接合する方法として
は、圧接やねじ止めなど機械的方法が用いられている
が、大電流が流れる場合の発熱や機械的強度に問題があ
る。By the way, as a method of joining aluminum and copper, mechanical methods such as pressure welding and screwing are used, but there are problems in heat generation and mechanical strength when a large current flows.
これらの問題を解決するために、摩擦圧接によりアル
ミニウムと銅の継手を作成し、アルミニウム同士、銅同
士（コネクタ方式を採用）の溶接を行う方法がある。こ
のようにアルミニウムと銅の接合体を摩擦圧接で得られ
ることは既に知られているところである（例、「金属材
料研究所研究報告」Vol.12、No.2、1969年など）。In order to solve these problems, there is a method of forming a joint of aluminum and copper by friction welding and welding aluminum and copper (using a connector system). It is already known that a joined body of aluminum and copper can be obtained by friction welding as described above (eg, “Research Report on Metallic Materials Research Institute” Vol. 12, No. 2, 1969, etc.).
しかし、アルミニウムと銅は金属間化合物が生成し易
く、アルミニウム母材並みの強度を有する継手を得るこ
とは困難である。もっとも、アルミニウム母材並みの強
度を有する継手を得るには金属間化合物の生成を制御す
ればよいことが報告されており、「Metallkd」Vol.77、
No.11、p.703〜413には、アルミニウム並みの強度を有
する時にはその界面に約２μｍのCuAl2層が存在すると
述べられている。However, since aluminum and copper are likely to form intermetallic compounds, it is difficult to obtain a joint having strength equivalent to that of the aluminum base material. However, it has been reported that the formation of intermetallic compounds should be controlled in order to obtain a joint having the strength equivalent to that of an aluminum base material, "Metallkd" Vol.77,
No. 11, p. 703 to 413, it is stated that a CuAl 2 layer of about 2 μm exists at the interface when it has a strength comparable to that of aluminum.
しかしながら、摩擦圧接で得られるアルミニウムと銅
の接合体は、金属間化合物の生成により十分な機械的性
能を安定して得ることが難しく、新たな接合技術の開発
が望まれているのが現状である。However, the aluminum-copper joint obtained by friction welding is difficult to stably obtain sufficient mechanical performance due to the formation of an intermetallic compound, and under the present circumstances, the development of a new joining technique is desired. is there.
本発明は、かゝる要請に応えるべくなされたものであ
って、十分な機械的性能を安定して得られるアルミニウ
ムと銅の接合体を提供することを目的とするものであ
る。The present invention has been made in order to meet such a demand, and an object thereof is to provide a joined body of aluminum and copper, which can stably obtain sufficient mechanical performance.
（課題を解決するための手段） 前記目的を達成するため、本発明者は、主に摩擦圧接
において接合条件を適正にすることにより金属間化合物
を制御する方策について鋭意研究を重ねた。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present inventor has earnestly conducted research on a method of controlling an intermetallic compound by appropriately adjusting a joining condition in friction welding.
まず、アルミニウムと銅の接合面における金属間化合
物の存在形態について調べたところ、アルミニウム側の
接合部位と銅側の接合部位とでは金属間化合物の存在形
態が異なることを見い出した。First, when the existence form of the intermetallic compound on the joining surface of aluminum and copper was examined, it was found that the existence form of the intermetallic compound was different between the joining site on the aluminum side and the joining site on the copper side.
そこで、更に、十分な機械的性能を有する接合体、す
なわち、引張試験においてアルミニウム母材並みの引張
強さを有し、且つアルミニウム母材で破断を起こす接合
体の場合において、存在する金属間化合物について研究
した結果、特定の金属間化合物の存在とその量を制御す
ることにより、接合部強度が向上し、界面破断を防止し
得ることを見い出し、ここに本発明をなしたものであ
る。Therefore, in addition, in the case of a joined body having sufficient mechanical performance, that is, a joined body having a tensile strength comparable to that of an aluminum base material in a tensile test and causing fracture in the aluminum base material, an intermetallic compound present is present. As a result of the study, the inventors have found that controlling the presence and amount of a specific intermetallic compound can improve the joint strength and prevent interfacial rupture, and the present invention has been made here.
すなわち、本発明に係るアルミニウムと銅の接合体
は、アルミニウムと銅の継手において、その接合面を曲
げ応力や衝撃により強制破断することにより得られる破
断面が、Ｘ線回折を行った場合、 銅側の破断面については、Alの存在が確認され、Cu
の200面のピークとAlの111面のピークの積分強度比（Al
/Cu）が0.05以上であり、かつ、Cu9Al4が確認され、そ
の411面のピークとCuの200面のピークの積分強度比（Cu
9Al4/Cu）が0.55以下である破断面であり、 アルミニウム側の破断面については、CuAl2が確認
されないか若しくはその110面のピークとAlの111面のピ
ークとの積分強度比が0.10以下である破断面である、 ことを特徴とするものである。That is, the aluminum-copper joint according to the present invention is a joint between aluminum and copper, in which a fracture surface obtained by forcibly breaking the joint surface by bending stress or impact is For the fracture surface on the side, the presence of Al was confirmed,
The integrated intensity ratio of the peak on the 200 plane of Al and the peak on the 111 plane of Al (Al
/ Cu) is 0.05 or more and Cu 9 Al 4 is confirmed, and the integrated intensity ratio (Cu) of the 411 surface peak and the Cu 200 surface peak (Cu
9 Al 4 / Cu) is 0.55 or less, and for the fracture surface on the aluminum side, CuAl 2 is not confirmed, or the integrated intensity ratio between the 110-face peak and the 111-face peak of Al is 0.10. It is characterized by the following fracture surface.
以下に本発明を更に詳細に説明する。 The present invention will be described in more detail below.
（作用） 本発明の接合体は、アルミニウムと銅とを主として摩
擦圧接にて接合することにより得ることができる。(Operation) The joined body of the present invention can be obtained by joining aluminum and copper mainly by friction welding.
従来の摩擦圧接の条件は、一般的には摩擦圧力が比較
的低く、またアプセット圧力はこの摩擦圧力とほぼ等し
い条件で行われている。一方、本発明の接合体を得る場
合の具体的な摩擦圧接の条件としては、摩擦圧力を高く
し、適当な摩擦寄り代又は摩擦時間を選んで入熱を制御
し、更に摩擦圧力の２倍程度のアプセット圧力を加え
る。その接合条件の一例を第１表に示す。In the conventional friction welding, the friction pressure is generally relatively low, and the upset pressure is almost equal to the friction pressure. On the other hand, specific friction welding conditions for obtaining the joined body of the present invention include increasing the friction pressure, selecting an appropriate friction deviation amount or friction time to control heat input, and further doubling the friction pressure. Apply some upset pressure. Table 1 shows an example of the joining conditions.
本発明の接合体は、接合後、接合部を曲げ応力や衝撃
により強制破断して得られる破断面をＸ線回折し、銅側
及びアルミニウム側のそれぞれの接合部破断面が以下の
条件を満足することを確認することにより特定される。 The joined body of the present invention, after joining, carries out X-ray diffraction on the fracture surface obtained by forcibly breaking the joint portion by bending stress or impact, and the fracture surfaces of the joint portions on the copper side and the aluminum side satisfy the following conditions. It is specified by confirming that
まず、銅側の破断面については、Alの存在が確認さ
れ、Cuの200面のピークとAlの111面のピークの積分強度
比（Al/Cu）が0.05以上であり、かつ、Cu9Al4が確認さ
れ、その411面のピークとCuの200面のピークの積分強度
比（Cu9Al4/Cu）が0.55以下である破断面を有してい
る。First, regarding the fracture surface on the copper side, the presence of Al was confirmed, and the integrated intensity ratio (Al / Cu) of the peak of the Cu 200 face and the Al 111 face was 0.05 or more, and Cu 9 Al 4 was confirmed, and it had a fracture surface where the integrated intensity ratio (Cu 9 Al 4 / Cu) of the 411 surface peak and the Cu 200 surface peak was 0.55 or less.
また、アルミニウム側の破断面については、CuAl2が
確認されないか若しくはその110面のピークとAlの111面
のピークとの積分強度比が0.10以下である破断面を有し
ている。Regarding the fracture surface on the aluminum side, CuAl 2 is not confirmed or the fracture surface has an integrated intensity ratio of the 110-face peak and the 111-face peak of Al of 0.10 or less.
勿論、これら条件を満足していない場合には、接合部
強度が低く、界面破断が生じる。Of course, when these conditions are not satisfied, the joint strength is low and interface rupture occurs.
かゝる構成の接合部を有するアルミニウムと銅の接合
体の適用例として、リニヤモーターカーの地上コイル用
端子に適用する場合について以下に示す。As an example of the application of the aluminum-copper joint having such a joint portion, the case of applying it to a ground coil terminal of a linear motor car is shown below.
リニヤモーターカーには多数のアルミ製コイルが用い
られ、そのコイルに通電するために、銅線（電線）を接
続する必要がある。その際、アルミ製コイルと銅線を直
接接合するのは困難であり、接合部の強度が小さく、接
合部で破断すると通電できなくなる。しかし、本発明の
接合体を用いれば、第１図及び第２図に示すように、接
合体３のアルミニウム端部31とコイル１を接合し、銅端
部32と銅線２を接合することにより、現地で簡単に接合
可能である。アルミニウム同士、銅同士の溶接は通常の
アーク溶接などにより簡単に接合できる。勿論、銅線２
と銅線部32はコネクタ接合してもよい。A large number of aluminum coils are used in a linear motor car, and it is necessary to connect a copper wire (electric wire) to energize the coils. At that time, it is difficult to directly join the aluminum coil and the copper wire, the strength of the joint is small, and if the joint breaks, it becomes impossible to conduct electricity. However, if the joined body of the present invention is used, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the aluminum end 3 1 of the joined body 3 and the coil 1 are joined, and the copper end 3 2 and the copper wire 2 are joined. By doing so, it is possible to easily join at the site. Welding of aluminum and copper can be easily performed by ordinary arc welding. Of course, copper wire 2
A copper portion 3 2 may be a connector joined.
なお、本発明において、アルミニウムとしては工業用
純アルミニウムなどが挙げられ、銅としては工業用純銅
などが挙げられる。いずれも線、条、板等々の形状のも
のが可能である。In the present invention, examples of aluminum include industrial pure aluminum and the like, and examples of copper include industrial pure copper and the like. Each of them can have a shape such as a line, a strip, or a plate.
次に本発明の実施例を示す。 Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
（実施例） 縦型のブレーキ方式の摩擦圧接装置を使用し、25mmφ
のアルミニウム（JIS A 1050）と25mmφの銅（JIS C 1
100）の接合を、接合条件を変化させて行った。(Example) Using a vertical brake type friction welding device, 25 mmφ
Aluminum (JIS A 1050) and 25 mmφ copper (JIS C 1
100) was joined by changing the joining conditions.
得られた接合体について、引張試験を行うと共に、同
条件で接合した継手を強制破断させ、破断面のＸ線回折
を行った。その結果、引張試験では界面で脆性的に破断
する場合と、アルミニウム母材で破断し伸びを示す場合
があった。Ｘ線回折では、Al、Cuの他、CuAl2、Cu9Al4
の存在の確認できるものもあった。A tensile test was performed on the obtained joined body, and the joint joined under the same conditions was forcibly broken, and the fracture surface was subjected to X-ray diffraction. As a result, in the tensile test, there were cases where the interface fractured brittlely, and cases where the aluminum base material fractured and showed elongation. In X-ray diffraction, in addition to Al and Cu, CuAl 2 , Cu 9 Al 4
There was something that could be confirmed.
そこで、それら化合物を定量的に判断するために、ア
ルミニウム側と銅側の各破断面における母材（アルミニ
ウム側ではAl、銅側ではCu）に対する存在比を回折ピー
クの積分強度比（積分強度は半価幅法により求めた）を
用い、引張試験結果と比較した。その結果を第２表に示
す。Therefore, in order to quantitatively judge these compounds, the abundance ratio to the base material (Al on the aluminum side and Cu on the copper side) in each fracture surface on the aluminum side and the copper side is determined by the integrated intensity ratio of the diffraction peaks (the integrated intensity is The half-width method) was used for comparison with the tensile test results. Table 2 shows the results.
第２表より明らかなように、本発明例No.5〜No.8はい
ずれもアルミニウム母材が破断した。As is clear from Table 2, in the invention examples No. 5 to No. 8, the aluminum base material was broken.
（発明の効果） 以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、接合部が十分
な機械的性能を有するアルミニウムと銅の接合体が得ら
れるので、継手等の各種用途に利用できる効果は大き
い。 (Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a bonded body of aluminum and copper having a sufficient mechanical performance at the bonded portion can be obtained, so that it can be used in various applications such as joints. .
【図面の簡単な説明】 第１図及び第２図は本発明の接合体をリニヤモーターカ
ーの地上コイル用端子に適用した例を示す説明図であ
る。 １…Alコイル、２…銅線、３…接合体（端子）、31…接
合体のAl、32…接合体のCu、33…接合体の接合部。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are explanatory views showing an example in which the joined body of the present invention is applied to a ground coil terminal of a linear motor car. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Al coil, 2 ... Copper wire, 3 ... Joined body (terminal), 3 1 ... Al of joined body, 3 2 ... Cu of joined body, 3 3 ... Joined portion of joined body.
Claims (1)
合面を曲げ応力や衝撃により強制破断することにより得
られる破断面が、Ｘ線回折を行った場合、 銅側の破断面については、Alの存在が確認され、Cu
の200面のピークとAlの111面のピークの積分強度比（Al
/Cu）が0.05以上であり、かつ、Cu9Al4が確認され、そ
の411面のピークとCuの200面のピークの積分強度比（Cu
9Al4/Cu）が0.55以下である破断面であり、 アルミニウム側の破断面については、CuAl2が確認
されないか若しくはその110面のピークとAlの111面のピ
ークとの積分強度比が0.10以下である破断面である、 ことを特徴とするアルミニウムと銅の接合体。1. A fractured surface obtained by forcibly breaking the joint surface of an aluminum-copper joint by bending stress or impact, when X-ray diffraction is performed, the fracture surface on the copper side is Existence confirmed, Cu
The integrated intensity ratio of the peak on the 200 plane of Al and the peak on the 111 plane of Al (Al
/ Cu) is 0.05 or more and Cu 9 Al 4 is confirmed, and the integrated intensity ratio (Cu) of the 411 surface peak and the Cu 200 surface peak (Cu
9 Al 4 / Cu) is 0.55 or less, and for the fracture surface on the aluminum side, CuAl 2 is not confirmed, or the integrated intensity ratio between the 110-face peak and the 111-face peak of Al is 0.10. The following is a fractured surface, which is a joined body of aluminum and copper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2555389A JPH0825042B2 (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-02-03 | Aluminum-copper joint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2555389A JPH0825042B2 (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-02-03 | Aluminum-copper joint |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02205279A JPH02205279A (en) | 1990-08-15 |
| JPH0825042B2 true JPH0825042B2 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
Family
ID=12169147
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2555389A Expired - Lifetime JPH0825042B2 (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-02-03 | Aluminum-copper joint |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0825042B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4758574B2 (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2011-08-31 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Dissimilar metal joint structure and friction welding method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5725315B2 (en) | 2011-01-13 | 2015-05-27 | エルジー・ハウシス・リミテッドＬｇ Ｈａｕｓｙｓ，Ｌｔｄ． | Decorative sheet for three-dimensional projectile surface decoration, method for producing the same, and method for decorating surface of an ejected object using the same |
-
1989
- 1989-02-03 JP JP2555389A patent/JPH0825042B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5725315B2 (en) | 2011-01-13 | 2015-05-27 | エルジー・ハウシス・リミテッドＬｇ Ｈａｕｓｙｓ，Ｌｔｄ． | Decorative sheet for three-dimensional projectile surface decoration, method for producing the same, and method for decorating surface of an ejected object using the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02205279A (en) | 1990-08-15 |
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