JPH0826893B2 - Half bearing - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a half bearing which is used to receive and support a shaft in various combustion engines such as automobiles and other driving bodies.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slide bearing used for receiving and supporting a shaft in various internal combustion engines such as automobiles.

FIG. 7 exemplifies the structure of this type of slide bearing, and illustrates the structure of a half bearing.

This half bearing 21 has a bearing layer 23 on the inner peripheral surface side of a backing metal member 22 having a semi-cylindrical shape, and an oil groove 24 in the arc direction in the middle portion in the width direction. An oil hole 25 is provided in the oil groove 24, and a claw 26 is further provided at an end portion of the oil groove 24.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion C-C 'in FIG. 7, which has a bearing layer 23 on the inner peripheral surface of a back metal member 22 which is a base of the half bearing 21, and has a back metal member 22. The outer peripheral surface of the back metal member 22 has an arc shape with a radius D ₁ centered on the center of curvature O, and the inner peripheral surface of the back metal member 22 also has an arc shape with a radius D ₄ centered on the center of curvature O. The thickness t _3c is equal to the end wall thickness t _3e , and the bearing layer 23
The inner peripheral surface of the bearing layer 23 has an arc shape with a radius D ₂ centered on a center of curvature O ′ that is eccentric from the center of curvature O by eccentric processing of the inner peripheral surface of the bearing layer 23.
The inner peripheral surface of the bearing has a bearing surface 27 at its central portion, oil reliefs 28 on both sides thereof, and crush reliefs 29 on both sides thereof, and is called a so-called eccentric bearing. It has become a thing.

In manufacturing the half bearing 21 having the bearing layer 23 on the inner peripheral surface side of the semi-cylindrical backing metal member 22, as shown in FIGS. 11 (d) and 12 (a). In addition, a multi-layered material 30 in which a bearing layer 23 made of an aluminum-based alloy, a copper-based alloy, a lead-based alloy, a tin-based alloy or the like is laminated on one side of a backing metal material 22 made of a steel plate by a metallurgical method is used.

In such a multi-layer material 30, when the bearing 21 is made of aluminum, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the coil-shaped strip steel plate 32 and the bearing layer to be the back metal material 22 are formed. The coil-shaped aluminum bearing plate 33 to be 23 is drawn out and passed through the press-contact rolls 34 and 35 for pressure contact, and passed through the annealing furnace 36 for annealing to obtain the multilayer material shown in FIG. Manufactured as 30.

When the bearing 21 is made of copper, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), it is housed in a hopper 44 on the upper surface of a coil-shaped strip steel 42 which serves as the backing metal material 22. The copper alloy powder 43 to be the bearing layer 23 is sprinkled, and in this state, it is passed through a sintering furnace 45 to be sintered, and then a rolling roll 46,
By rolling at 47, the multilayer material 30 shown in FIG.

Further, when the bearing 21 is made of a white metal bearing, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), the coil-shaped strip steel plate 52 serving as the backing metal material 22 is passed through the pretreatment facility 54. After performing pretreatment, this strip steel plate 5
The white metal alloy molten metal 53, which will be the bearing layer 23 accommodated in the molten metal container 55, is poured onto the upper surface of 2, and the cutter 56
By finishing with, the multi-layered material 30 shown in FIG.

In this case, the thickness of these bearing layers 23 in the multilayering step is 0.2, which is the thickness of the bearing layer 23 at the time of manufacture.
It is usually set to nearly twice as large as 5 to 0.30 mm.

When manufacturing the half bearing 21 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 using the multi-layered material 30 of aluminum type, copper type, white metal type or the like manufactured as described above, for example, The steps as shown in FIGS. 12A to 12E have been performed.

That is, as shown in FIG. 12A, the multi-layered material 30 manufactured by the process shown in FIG.
Bearing material 6 is cut into strips corresponding to the expanded shape of
12 is formed into a semi-cylindrical shaped body 62 with the bearing layer 23 side of the bearing material 61 inside, and then as shown in FIG. As shown, an oil groove 24 is formed in an intermediate portion in the width direction of the molded body 62, an oil hole 25 is formed in the oil groove 24, and a claw 26 is formed at an end portion. , Figure 1
2 (d), the inner peripheral surface is finished so as to form a curved surface having a radius D ₂ centered on the center of curvature O ′ which is eccentric from the center of curvature O. As shown, the bearing surface 27 is provided in the central portion of the bearing layer 23, the oil reliefs 28 are provided on both side portions, and the crush relief 29 in which the bearing layer 23 is left at both end portions is provided.
Thus, the half bearing material 21 (21a) having

Then, for example, in a half bearing 21 having a copper-based bearing layer 23, as shown in FIG. 12 (e), an overlay plating layer 20 on which an overlay by electroplating is further applied as a surface layer. It was sometimes provided.

In the conventional half bearing 21 provided with such an overlay plating layer 20, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 showing the DD ′ cross section of FIG. 9, in the crash relief 29 portion, A bearing layer 23 was provided on the inner surface of the back metal member 22, and an overlay plating layer 20 was provided on the surface of the bearing layer 23.

[0015]

However, in such a conventional half bearing 21, the material of the backing metal 22 is, for example, a brush steel strip defined in JIS G 3141, and is applied. Since most of the plate thickness accuracy for automobiles is ± 0.08 to 0.12 mm depending on the housing diameter and the like, the bearing layer 23 suitable for improving load resistance and fatigue resistance is 0.2 m.
There is a problem that it is difficult to make the half bearing 21 thinned to m or less.

That is, in the conventional case, when manufacturing and using this kind of half bearing 21, the total thickness dimension of the half bearing 21 is determined by giving priority to the plate thickness accuracy of the backing metal material 22. Therefore, the lower limit of the thickness of the bearing layer 23 laminated on the backing metal member 22 is about 0.1 mm which is the maximum variation of the plate thickness of the backing metal member 22, which is a limit in a simple case. It was Further, in the case of forming into a semicircular shape by press molding, since the whole is fixed with a mold, there was a phenomenon that the end portion corresponding to the crush relief 29 was slightly raised.

Therefore, the thickness of the bearing layer 23 is set to the back metal material 22.
In consideration of the variation in the plate thickness dimension of the bearing, the shape of the relief portion (28, 29) provided at the bearing end portion, and so on, when the crush relief 29 is formed, the backing metal member 22 is not exposed. In consideration of this, the fact is that the thickness of the bearing layer 23 in this portion is set to be about 0.25 to 0.30 mm.

[0018]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and under the high speed and high load of the half bearing due to the recent high output of automobiles required for this kind of half bearing. It was made with the aim of achieving a longer life of the half bearing, and paying attention to the fact that the thickness of the bearing layer greatly affects the load bearing capacity and fatigue life of the half bearing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a half bearing that can solve the above-mentioned conventional problems by considering the thickness of the bearing layer that greatly affects the fatigue life.

[0019]

A half bearing according to the present invention has a laminated structure of a back metal material having an arc shape and a bearing layer laminated on the inner peripheral surface of the back metal material, and has at least one side end in the arc direction. In a half bearing having a crush relief in the portion and an oil relief in the inner portion in the arc direction of the crush relief, the crush relief is a portion formed by the back metal material and the overlay plating layer in which the bearing layer does not intervene. The feature is that it has the configuration.

Further, in the embodiment of the half bearing according to the present invention, a laminated structure of an arc-shaped back metal material and a bearing layer laminated on an inner peripheral surface of the back metal material is formed, and an inner periphery of the back metal material is formed. The surface can be configured as an eccentric bearing having a circular arc shape having a center of curvature decentered from the center of curvature of the outer peripheral surface of the backing metal material, and in another embodiment, the backing metal material having an arc shape. An eccentric having a laminated structure of a bearing layer laminated on the inner peripheral surface of the back metal material, and the inner peripheral surface of the bearing layer having an arc shape with a center of curvature eccentric from the center of curvature of the outer peripheral surface of the bearing layer. A bearing structure is also possible.

[0021]

The half bearing according to the present invention has a bearing structure in which the inner surface is finished so that the back metal of the crush relief portion is exposed and overlay plating is performed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the bearing layer at the time of manufacturing the material from the past, and to further reduce the thickness of the bearing layer of the product to 0.2 mm or less, which is stable and thin. The load resistance and the fatigue life are remarkably stable and excellent, and the material can be saved by thinning.

[0022]

1 is a perspective view showing a half bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The half bearing 1 has a bearing layer 3 on the inner peripheral surface side of a back metal member 2 having a semicircular arc shape. And has an oil groove 4 in the arc direction in the middle portion in the width direction, an oil hole 5 in the oil groove 4, and a claw 6 at the end. Is.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion AA 'in FIG. 1, in which a bearing layer 3 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of a backing metal material 2 which is a base of the half bearing 1, and an arc shape is formed. The outer peripheral surface of the back metal material 2 has an arc shape with a radius D ₁ centered on the center of curvature O, and the inner peripheral surface of the back metal material 2 also has an arc shape with a radius D ₄ centered on the center O of curvature. And the central wall thickness t
_3c is equal to the end wall thickness t _3e ,
The inner peripheral surface of the bearing layer 3 has an arc shape with a radius D ₂ centered on a center of curvature O ′ that is eccentric from the center of curvature O by eccentric processing of the inner peripheral surface of the bearing layer 3. The inner peripheral surface of the layer 3 has a bearing surface 7 at its central portion, has oil reliefs 8 on both sides of the bearing surface 7, and has crush reliefs 9 on both end sides thereof. Of the housing cap and the absorption of the displacement of the housing cap are well absorbed.

In this case, the crush relief 9 has a portion where the bearing layer 3 does not exist at the end thereof, that is, the backing metal material 2 has a portion which is not covered by the bearing layer 3, The bearing surface 7, which is the central portion, has a thickness of 0.17 mm and is a copper-based bearing layer.
3 and a surface of the backing metal material 2 of the crush relief 9, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 showing the BB ′ cross section of FIG. 3, a lead-based overlay plating layer 10 having a thickness of 20 μm is provided. Is doing.

When manufacturing such a half bearing 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, FIG.
The steps as shown in (e) were performed.

That is, the multi-layer material 30 of the backing metal material 2 (22) and the bearing layer 3 (23) manufactured by the process shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the backing material 2 (22) is cut into strip shapes corresponding to the developed shape of the back metal material 2 (22) to form a bearing material 61. Then, as shown in FIG. The material 61 is formed into a semi-cylindrical shaped body 62 with the bearing layer 3 (23) side facing inward, and then, as shown in (c) of FIG.
The oil groove 4 is formed in the middle portion of the molded body 62 in the width direction, the oil hole 5 is formed in the oil groove 4, and the claw 6 is formed on the end portion. As shown in (d), as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, by finishing the inner peripheral surface so as to form a curved surface having a radius D ₂ centered on a center of curvature O ′ that is eccentric from the center of curvature O. As described above, the half bearing material 1 has the bearing surface 7 in the central portion of the bearing layer 3, the oil reliefs 8 on both side portions, and the crush reliefs 9 without the bearing layer 3 on both end portions.
Obtain a.

In this case, a broach cutter, a boring cutter or the like can be used in the thick finishing step. For example, when the boring cutter is used, it is described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-17960. It is also possible to use a "boring machine for cylindrical bearings".

This boring machine for semi-cylindrical bearings comprises a bearing support for holding a semi-cylindrical bearing having a vertical axis in a given direction, and two cutters provided at positions spaced along the rotation axis. Rotatable boring bar, means for rotating the boring bar, mounting the boring bar with a rotary shaft having a small angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the semi-cylindrical bearing, and the boring bar. And a means for moving the semi-cylindrical bearing in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the semi-cylindrical bearing, one of the two cutters extending further from the boring bar than the other cutter, Both of the cutters are configured to scrape the inner surface of the semi-cylindrical bearing while rotating the surroundings of different centers with different cutting radii. By using such a boring cutter, the half bearing material 1a Inner surface finish It is.

Next, as shown in (e) of FIG. 5, the half bearing material 1a shown in (d) of FIG. 5 after the finishing is further subjected to an electroplating overlay as a surface layer. A half bearing 1 is obtained by providing an overlay plating layer 10 having a thickness of 20 μm.

In the half bearing 1 provided with the overlay plating layer 10 as described above, BB 'of FIG. 3 and FIG.
As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 4, the crush relief 9 does not have a bearing layer on the inner surface of the backing metal 2 but has an overlay plating layer 10 on the surface of the backing metal 2.

As described above, in the half bearing 1 shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the oil relief 9 has the portion composed of the back metal 2 and the overlay plating layer 10 without the bearing layer 3 interposed. In addition, since the thin bearing layer 3 having a thickness of 0.2 mm or less is formed in the oil relief 8 and the bearing surface 7, the load bearing property and the fatigue life are improved.

This will be described with reference to FIG.
Shows the relationship between the wall thickness of the white metal bearing material and the durability (life time). As is clear from FIG. 6, the life of the white metal rapidly increases when the wall thickness is around 0.2 mm. It is shown that a change occurs, and similar results were obtained with other Cu-based and Al-based bearing materials, and it was confirmed that there is a limit point for the 0.2 mm thickness. However, it is not necessary that the thickness of the bearing layer 3 is thin, and it is practically 0.
A wall thickness of 01 mm or more is required.

By providing the oil relief 8 and the crush relief 9, the thinner the bearing layer 3, the more the housing cap is displaced and the half bearing 1 is provided.
Since it is an indispensable constitution for absorbing the deviation of the end-matching portion and preventing seizure, in the present invention, the portion of the crush relief 9 where the backing metal material 2 is exposed has the overlay plating layer 10 formed by plating. By providing
Even when a load is applied to the crash relief 9, the overlay plating layer 10 functions as a bearing. Therefore, even when the bearing layer 3 is thinned, it does not cause any trouble as a bearing, and thereby a bearing having a long life with more excellent load bearing capacity and fatigue life can be obtained.

[0034]

The half bearing according to the present invention has a laminated structure of a back metal material having an arc shape and a bearing layer laminated on the inner peripheral surface of the back metal material, and has a crush relief on at least one end in the arc direction. And a half bearing having an oil relief on the inner side in the arc direction of the crush relief, the crush relief has a portion composed of the back metal material and the overlay plating layer in which the bearing layer does not intervene. Because of the configuration, the bearing layer thickness is highly accurate, and it is possible to make a half bearing with a thin bearing layer thickness. Therefore, it has excellent load resistance and long fatigue life. It is possible to provide a good bearing, and it is possible to obtain a significantly excellent effect that the material can be saved by thinning the wall thickness. Further, according to the present invention, Leads to excellent effect that it is possible to provide a good Naru half bearing of quality without lowering productivity by gold facilities and easy molding and plating process.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a slope of a half bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional explanatory view at the position AA ′ in FIG. 1 for explaining the structure of the half bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a crash relief portion in the half bearing of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ in FIG.

5A to 5C show a manufacturing process of a half bearing according to the present invention.
It is explanatory drawing which divides into (e) and illustrates sequentially.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the influence of white metal wall thickness on durability in a half bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of an inclined surface illustrating the structure of a conventional half bearing.

8 is a CC of FIG. 7 for explaining the structure of a conventional half bearing.
It is a partial expanded sectional explanatory view in a'position.

9 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a crash relief portion in the half bearing of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram at a DD ′ position in FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the steps (a) to (d) of steps in which a bearing layer is multilayered on a steel strip as a backing metal material to obtain a multilayer material.

FIG. 12 shows a manufacturing process of a conventional half bearing (a) to (e).
It is explanatory drawing which divides into and is illustrated sequentially.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Half bearing 2 Back metal 3 Bearing layer 7 Bearing surface 8 Oil relief 9 Crash relief

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A laminated structure of an arc-shaped backing metal and a bearing layer laminated on an inner peripheral surface of the backing metal, having a crush relief on at least one end in the arc direction, and the crush relief. In the half bearing having an oil relief on the inner side in the arc direction, the crush relief has a portion composed of the back metal material and the overlay plating layer without the bearing layer interposed therebetween. 2. A laminated structure of a back metal material having an arc shape and a bearing layer laminated on the inner peripheral surface of the back metal material, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the back metal material is eccentric from the center of curvature of the outer peripheral surface of the back metal material. The half bearing according to claim 1, wherein the half bearing has an arc shape with a center of curvature. 3. A laminated structure of an arc-shaped backing metal and a bearing layer laminated on the inner peripheral surface of the backing metal, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the bearing layer is eccentric from the center of curvature of the outer peripheral surface of the bearing layer. The half bearing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the half bearing has an arc shape with a center of curvature.