JPH0827136B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a distribution direction of a dry hot air generated in a hot air blowing chamber, either or both of a hot air chamber and a hot air blowing duct, and further a porous partition from the hot air chamber. By making it flow through the wall toward the extraction chamber and the dust exhaust chamber, cross-flow drying or parallel flow drying or both cross-flow drying and parallel flow drying,
In addition, the drying work of small amount of grain is performed at any time, and the flow of grain separated in the front and rear direction in the drying passage is changed to the left and right after passing through the drying passage. Allowance to further improve high-speed drying without cracking of the cylinder Promptly through the air-selection action of the dry hot air that circulates the dust contained in the grain from the hot air blowing chamber to the dust collecting chamber through the air extraction chamber. Sort and remove,
The present invention relates to a grain dryer that can quickly obtain dry grains of good quality that do not contain dust.

Conventional technology Conventionally, in a drying passage, the flow of grains separated in the front-rear direction is passed through the drying passage, and then the flow in the left-right direction is changed by a so-called cross-flow method to further improve the fluidity of high-moisture grains, A grain dryer capable of finishing and drying even high-moisture grains in a uniform and high quality is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-55037 before this application, and the content thereof will be described with reference to FIG. That is, the hot-air blowing chambers 2 and the dust-exhausting air chambers 3 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the lower half of the dryer main body 1 having a horizontally long rectangular shape that is long in the front-rear direction.
Between the exhaust air chamber 3 and the exhaust air chamber 3, a plurality of hot air chambers 4 communicating with the hot air blowing chamber 2 and the exhaust air chamber 3 are oriented in a direction orthogonal to the lateral direction.
And a plurality of air exhaust chambers 5 communicating with each other are alternately installed so as to form a narrow drying passage 6 between the chambers 4 and 5, and the lower ends of the plurality of drying passages 6 are the drying passage 6, the hot air chamber 4 and A mountain-shaped partition wall 7 is arranged immediately below the air exhaust chamber 5 in a plurality of rows along the lateral direction.
Are connected to a plurality of cross-down flow-out delivery chambers 8 ...
...... is surrounded by hot air blowing chamber 2, dust exhausting chamber 3 and feeding chamber 8
It is constructed by looking into the take-out room 10 surrounded by.

Problems to be solved by the invention By the way, when the grain is dried using this type of grain dryer, the grain is circulated in the orthogonal direction when it first passes through the drying passage. Since it was dried by the so-called cross-flow drying method in which it is dried by hot dry air, it is not possible to increase the air volume grain ratio in the cross-flow drying section, so uneven grain drying is unavoidable and grain without cracking of the grain occurs. Can't be dried quickly and uniformly. Moreover, a large amount of dust is contained in the dried grain, and unless the dust is removed quickly, the mixed grain action prevents the dried grain from flowing down while maintaining an accurate crossing condition. As a result, there was a problem that the high-moisture grain could not be dried uniformly and with good quality due to the uneven flow-down phenomenon.

Means for Solving Problems The present invention is to solve the above problems, and the contents thereof will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 corresponding to each embodiment. That is, in the first invention, the first
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the dryer main body 101 is formed into a horizontally long rectangular cylinder long in the front-rear direction. On the left and right sides of the dryer main body 101, there are a hot air blower chamber 102 and a dust blower chamber 1 along a horizontally long direction.
03 and symmetrically. The hot air blowing chamber 102 and the dust exhaust chamber 1
A plurality of hot air blowout ducts 130 ………… in the upper stage and a plurality of hot air chambers 107 ………… and an exhaust air chamber 109 ………… in the middle stage between 03 and the direction orthogonal to the lateral direction. It is installed so that a narrow drying passage 111 is formed between both chambers 107 and 109. Then, the upper side of the hot air blowing chamber 102 is partitioned into the main and sub ventilation passages 105 and 106 by the partition wall 104 to form the main ventilation passage 105 in the hot air chamber 107.
Further, the auxiliary ventilation passages 106 are connected to the hot air jet ducts 130, respectively.

The main and sub air passages 1 are located at the branch points of the main and sub air passages 105 and 106.
A hot air control door 138 that opens and closes 05 and 106 is mounted. The lower ends of the plurality of drying passages 111 are formed by a plurality of intersections formed by mountain-shaped partition walls 113 arranged in a plurality of rows in the lateral direction immediately below the drying passages 111, the hot air chamber 107, and the exhaust air chamber 109. The lower ends of the respective cross-down feed-out chambers 114 ... are connected to the down-feeding chambers 114.

Side walls 133a and 133b of the take-out chamber 121 are provided with open / close doors 135 and 137.
The hot air blowing chamber 10 is opened by opening the attached exhaust air window 134 and suction air window 136.
2 and the dust-exhaust chamber 103 are connected via the take-out chamber 121.

Action In the present invention, the sub-ventilation passage 106 is controlled by the hot air control door 138.
With the closed circuit, dry the grains to be dried
When supplied inside, the grain is filled in the drying passage 111, the cross-down flow-out delivery chamber 114, and the drying main body 101 above the drying passage 111, and the hot air chamber 107 and the exhaust air chamber 109 are entirely blocked by the grain.

When a predetermined amount of grain is filled in the dryer main body 101 as described above, the supply is stopped to generate dry hot air in the hot air blowing chamber 102, and at the same time if the dust exhaust air chamber 103 is in a negative pressure state. Close.

By the way, the dry hot air generated in the hot air blowing chamber 102 is subjected to the negative pressure action in the dust blowing chamber 103, so that the hot air blowing chamber 102
Further, it passes through the main ventilation passage 105 to enter the plurality of hot air chambers 107, then exits from the hot air chamber 107 and crosses the drying passage 111 to exhaust the air exhaust chamber 10.
After entering 9, the air is sucked into the dust exhaust chamber 103 from the air exhaust chamber 109, and then the cross-flow drying is performed while the concentrated air is exhausted away from the machine. Then, the grains that have been divided into front and rear in the hot air chamber 107 and the exhaust chamber 109 and have passed through the drying passage 111, this time have a so-called cross-flowing state in which the flow changes in the left-right direction by the mountain-shaped partition wall 113, while the cross-flowing-out feeding chamber 114. After being flowed down and accumulated, the particles are sequentially discharged into the take-out chamber 121 by the feeding action.

Therefore, when the grain flows down the drying passage 111, the flow direction of the grain is changed to an orthogonal direction when it falls into the cross-down feed-out chamber 114. In the circulating flow operation, it is uniformly dried by dry hot air without causing drying unevenness, and at the same time, the grain flowability is improved due to the cross-flowing state, so that the grain is evenly flowed down without causing uneven flowing down. And the dried grain containing a lot of dust discharged in the extraction chamber 121 in a scattered state is
By adjusting the opening of the opening / closing doors 135 and 137, the exhaust window 134 and the suction window
By opening 136, the extraction room 121 from the hot air blowing room 102
Dry hot air flowing across the inside toward the dust exhaust chamber 103 is bathed to select only dust from the dry grain, and this is carried to the dust exhaust chamber 103 by the dry hot air flowing through the dust, which accumulates dust and removes dust. Do the work.

Therefore, the dry grain discharged into the unloading chamber 121 is less contaminated with dust, or the drying is accelerated by the dry hot air flowing across, so that the amount of wind grain is increased and there is no barrel crack, Moreover, uniform high speed drying can be performed.

Next, under the dry condition as described above, the hot air control door 138
When the main ventilation passage 105 is closed by the above and the grain drying operation is performed, the dry hot air generated in the hot air blowing chamber 102 enters the hot air ejection duct 130 ... From the ducts 130 ..... After being sequentially flowed in parallel in the same direction as the flow of the grain filled in the tempering tank 112, a plurality of exhaust air chambers 109 .. Dust is concentrated outside the machine. Therefore, when the main air passage 105 is closed by the hot air adjusting door 138, the grain is only subjected to parallel flow drying, and then the hot air chamber 107 and the air exhaust chamber 109 are divided into the drying passage 111 in the front-rear direction. After passing, the mountain-shaped partition wall 113 flows down and accumulates in the cross-down flow-out delivery chamber 114 while exhibiting a so-called cross-down flow state in which the flow changes in the left-right direction, and then is sequentially discharged into the delivery chamber 121 by the delivery action. Note that, in the above-mentioned drying operation as well, it is a matter of course that the dust contained in the grain in the take-out chamber 121 is selectively removed.

Further, if the hot air opening / closing door 138 is adjusted so that both the main and sub air passages 105 and 106 are in the open state, the generated hot dry air is generated from the main and sub air passages 105 and 106 into a plurality of hot air chambers 107 ...
By entering the hot air blowout ducts 130 ....., the grains that flow down in the dryer main body 101 sequentially in accordance with the feeding action are first subjected to parallel flow drying, and then when they pass through the drying passage 111, they are directly dried. After the AC drying is performed, the drying work is performed in which it is discharged to the take-out chamber 121 through the cross-flow down-feeding chamber 114. Therefore, even if the grain has a different initial moisture value, uneven drying is caused by a plurality of circulation flow operations. It can be dried uniformly without cracking.

Even in this dry state, the unloading chamber 121
Needless to say, the dust contained in the grain inside is efficiently sorted by wind.

Embodiments Embodiments of the grain dryer according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show the first embodiment, and 101
Is a dryer main body having a horizontally long rectangular tube shape that is long in the front-rear direction, and a substantially similar hot air blowing chamber 102 in which the width length is sequentially increased from the upper part to the lower part on the left and right sides of the dryer main body 101.
And the dust-exhaust chamber 103 are arranged symmetrically. The upper end side is first stopped at the position above the inside of the hot air blowing chamber 102, and the partition 104 with the lower end opened is provided to divide the upper inside of the hot air blowing chamber 102 into two parts, one to the main air passage 105, The other side is a ventilation passage 1
The division is formed in 06.

At a substantially central position of the space between the hot air blowing chamber 102 and the dust exhaust chamber 103, in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction, one side is connected to the main ventilation passage 105 and the ventilation window 108 from a plurality of stopper-like shapes. The hot air chamber 107, which is composed of a plurality of pre-stopped air exhaust chambers 109 connected to the dust exhaust chamber 103 on one side through the exhaust window 110.
Are alternately installed so that a drying passage 111 is formed between the hot air chamber 107 and the exhaust air chamber 109, and the upper end side of the drying passage 111 is a hot air chamber 107 ... And an exhaust air chamber 109 ... Is connected to a tempering tank 112 formed in the upper part of the air-conditioning tank 112, and the lower end of the mountain-shaped partition wall 113 is arranged immediately below the hot air chamber 107 .. It is connected to a plurality of cross-down flow-out delivery chambers 114 formed by. The hot air chamber 107 ... and the exhaust chamber 109
……… Both side surfaces facing the drying passage 111 are formed as ventilation surfaces 115 and 116, and the lower portions are opened 117 and 118,
The inside of the hot air chamber 107 and the inside of the exhaust chamber 109 are connected to the cross-down flow-out chamber 114. Therefore, with the above configuration, the hot air chamber 107, the exhaust air chamber 109, and the drying passage 111 can be formed to have a short length, and at the same time, the number of hot air chambers 107, the exhaust passage 109 and the drying passage 111 can be increased to fill the tempering tank 112. Even if the accumulated pressure of the collected grain is large, the hot air chamber 107 and the exhaust air chamber 109 do not bend and the durability can be increased. It is possible to reduce the blowing resistance of the hot air blown from the passage 105 and increase the amount of air blown from the hot air blowing chamber 102. Also, the hot air chamber 107 ... and the exhaust chamber 109 ...
By opening 117 and 118 at the lower part of ……, some of the dust and the like mixed in the grain flowing down the drying passage 111 ………… is blown from the ventilation surfaces 115 and 116 by the hot air chamber 107 …… and the exhaust chamber 109. ……… Even if it enters the inside, the dust and the like will keep the hot air chamber 107 …….
... and the exhaust chamber 109 ... All are smoothly flowed down to the lower cross-flow feed-out chamber 114 without being accumulated on the inner bottom portion, and a fire accident of the grain dryer can be prevented by the flammable combustion of accumulated dust and the like.

In addition, the hot air chamber 107 …… and the exhaust chamber 109 …….
Directly underneath, a plurality of cross-flowing feed chambers 114 ...... are formed by a plurality of chevron-shaped partition walls 113.
After passing through the drying passages 111 …………, the grain flow divided in the front-back direction at 11 ………, this time the flow is changed to the left-right direction so that it cross-flows down, and grain with different initial moisture content is efficiently processed. By mixing well with stirring, the fluidity of the grain can be improved, and the unevenness of drying and the unevenness of the grain can be eliminated and the grain can be dried uniformly.

Since the grains flowing down through the drying passages 111 ... Are constantly filled in the cross-flowing-out feeding chambers 114 ..., Leakage of hot air and dust air can be prevented in advance. In each valley of the Yamagata partition 113 ....., a feeding port 119 along the horizontal direction.
The feeding rolls 120 that are rotated intermittently are rotatably mounted on the feeding port 119. In the lower part of the cross-down flow-out delivery chamber 114 formed as described above, the surroundings are the hot air chamber 102, the dust exhaust chamber 103, the delivery chamber 114, and the front and rear wall plates 101 of the dryer body 101.
While providing the extraction chamber 121 surrounded by a and 101b,
In the lower space between the hot air blowing chamber 102 and the dust collecting chamber 103, the discharge gutter 12
2 is provided along the lateral direction so that the carry-out gutter 122 is connected to the take-out chamber 121. A discharge screw 123 is rotatably provided horizontally inside the discharge gutter 122, and one end of the discharge gutter 122 is connected to a lower portion of a circulation elevator 124 erected on one side of the dryer main body 101. Circulator lift 1
The upper part of 24 is connected to the supply start end side of the carry-in gutter 125 which is horizontally provided along the horizontal direction on the top of the dryer main body 101.

On the front side of the hot air blowing chamber 102 and on the rear side of the dust blowing chamber 103, a burner device 126 having a burner 127 stored therein and a suction / exhaust device 128 having a suction / exhaust device 129 rotatably stored therein are mounted respectively. The burner device 126 and the hot air blowing chamber 102,
Further, the suction / exhaust device 128 and the dust exhaust chamber 103 are connected, and the burner device 126 and the suction / exhaust device 128 are interchangeable so that their mounting positions can be freely exchanged and mounted back and forth, Depending on the installation conditions at the work site,
The dryer main body 101 is configured to be selectable on the front side or the rear side.

Reference numeral 130 denotes a drying passage 111 ..... A plurality of hot air jet ducts which are horizontally provided in the upper tempering tank 112 at intervals, and the hot air jet ducts 130 are formed by chevron wall plates 131 whose bottom surface is open. In addition, a large number of hot air jet holes 132 are formed on the plane of the chevron wall plate 131, and one end of each of the hot air jet ducts 130 is placed in the hot air blowing chamber 102. It is connected to the sub-ventilation passage 106 formed in a partitioned manner, and the tip side is formed in a sealed shape. Therefore, the dry hot air that has flowed from the hot air blowing chamber 102 into the multiple hot air jet ducts 130 through the auxiliary air passage 106 ... Is jetted downward in the same direction as the grain flow direction to perform so-called parallel flow drying. By doing so, it is possible to perform high-speed drying without cracking of the body.

On the side wall 133a adjacent to the extraction chamber 121 and the hot air blowing chamber 102, an exhaust window 134 with an opening / closing door 135 whose opening can be adjusted is opened, and the extraction chamber 121 and the dust exhaust chamber 103 are adjacent to each other. A suction air window 136 with an opening / closing door 137 whose opening can be adjusted is opened on the side wall 133b at the position, and a portion of the dry hot air is blown into the hot air blowing chamber 102 and the exhaust window 13.
4, through the take-out chamber 121, the suction wind window 136, to be circulated to the dust exhaust air chamber 103, the dust contained in the dry grain is sorted out by air, and at the same time, the drying action is performed.

Reference numeral 138 denotes a hot air adjusting door that is pivotally mounted at the branch point positions of the main and auxiliary air passages 105 and 106 so as to be rotatable in the left-right direction, and when the auxiliary air passage 106 is closed by the hot air adjusting door 138, a plurality of dry hot air is supplied. When the main air passage 106 is closed by the hot air adjusting door 138 and the hot air adjusting door 138 is closed, dry hot air is blown to the plurality of hot air blowing ducts 130. In this case, the dry hot air is adjusted so as to be able to branch and be blown to the hot air chamber 107 and the hot air jet duct 130, respectively.

In the structure of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, in the structure of the above-described first invention, the main air passage 105 and the auxiliary air passage 105 are provided on the opening start side of the main air passage 105 and the auxiliary air passage 106. Ventilation passage 10
A main opening / closing door 139 and a sub-opening / closing door 140 for independently opening and closing 6 are rotatably and rotatably mounted, and by having such a configuration, in the second invention, When the sub-opening / closing door 140 is closed, cross flow drying work
Further, when the main opening / closing door 139 is closed, the parallel flow drying work can be performed, and when the main sub opening / closing doors 139 and 140 are opened, the parallel flow drying work and the cross flow drying work can be performed at any time. Moreover, if the main and sub opening / closing doors 130 and 140 are appropriately closed to reduce the air flow, it is possible to easily accomplish the parallel flow drying work, the cross flow drying work, or both the parallel flow drying and the cross flow drying work with a small air flow. When both the main and sub opening / closing doors 139 and 140 are closed and the air exhaust window 134 and the suction air window 136 are opened, the total amount of dry hot air from the hot air blowing chamber 102 flows through the extraction chamber 121 toward the dust exhaust chamber 103. Thus, it is possible to remarkably increase the wind selection effect of the dust contained in the grain and at the same time to accelerate the drying operation of the grain in the take-out chamber 121.

In the configuration of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, in addition to the configuration of the second invention described above, the inside of the dust blast chamber 103 is located inside the dust blast chamber 103 below the blast chamber 109. A closing door 141 capable of closing the rotatably mounted shaft, and the mountain-shaped partition wall 113 is formed as a multi-hole mountain-shaped partition wall 113 '.
In addition to the same drying operation as in the invention, if the main and sub opening / closing doors 139 and 140 are appropriately opened under the condition that the exhaust air window 134 is closed, the suction air window 136 is opened, and the closing door 141 is closed, the inside of the hot air blower chamber 102 is closed. A part of the dry hot air blown in the hot air jet ducts 130 ...
…… From the grain refining tank 112 downward in the same direction as the grain flow direction
Traces of the other part of the dry hot air being made to flow in parallel to the drying passages 111 while being made to flow in parallel inside the hot air chamber 107 .. ′ Through the extraction chamber 121 and then through the suction wind window 136 to the dust ventilation chamber 103 so that a small amount of grain is filled in the dryer main body 101, the grain is still effective. Can be dried.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In short, since the present invention has the technical means as described above, the area of the drying passage 111 is made as large as possible, and the main ventilation passage 105 partitioned by the partition wall 104 even if the generated hot air is the same.
It is possible to supply a large amount of hot air into the hot air chamber 107 with little air loss and improve the drying ability. Even if the grain has a high moisture content with different initial moisture content, the drying passage After the grain flow divided in the front and back direction in 111 passes through the drying passage 111, it is flowed down in a cross shape so that the flow changes in the left and right direction and mixed by stirring to uniformly dry all grains without causing uneven drying. can do. In addition, in the dryer main body 101 above the drying passage 111, one end is partitioned into the hot air blowing chamber 102 by the partition 104, and the auxiliary ventilation passage 10 is provided.
Since a plurality of hot air blowing ducts 130 connected to 6 are arranged side by side at intervals, a part of the dry hot air is blown from the hot air blowing chamber 102 through the auxiliary air passage 106 into the grain filled above the drying passage 111. After being jetted, parallel drying can be carried out so that the dry hot air flows in the exhaust chamber 109 in parallel with the downward flow of grains, so that uneven drying due to cross-flow drying in the drying passage 111 is reduced and cracks are evenly cracked. A dry air exhaust window 1 with open / close doors 135, 137 is provided on the side walls 133a, 133b of the take-out chamber 121 that are in contact with the hot air blower chamber 102 and the dust exhaust air chamber 103, respectively.
Since the hot air blower chamber 102 and the dust exhaust air chamber 103 are connected to each other by opening the 34 and the suction wind window 136 through the take-out chamber 121, the opening / closing door 135,
By opening 137 at an appropriate time and opening a part of the dry hot air into the extraction chamber 121, the dried grains discharged in the extraction chamber 121 in a scattered state are further instantaneously and uniformly dried. Of course, the dust in the grain can be effectively sorted by the wind, and the dust can be centrally discharged from the dust exhaust chamber 103 to the outside of the machine.

Moreover, in the present invention, the hot air adjusting door 138 for opening and closing the main and sub air passages 105 and 106 is mounted at the branch points of the main and sub air passages 105 and 106, and the main and sub air passages 105 and 106 are independently provided. Since the main opening / closing door 139 and the sub opening / closing door 140 that can be opened / closed are rotatably mounted, regardless of the amount of grain, the cross-flow drying work can be performed by the opening / closing adjustment operation of the hot air adjustment door 138 and the main / sub opening / closing doors 139, 140. In addition, since the parallel flow drying operation or the cross flow and parallel flow drying operation can be selectively performed at any time, high quality dry grain can be obtained with high efficiency. Outside,
Since all of the dry hot air blown out from the hot air blowing duct 130 and the hot air chamber 107 can be discharged into the take-out chamber 121 through the porous mountain partition wall 113 ', it can be distributed to the dust exhaust chamber 103 through the suction wind window 136. Even if a small amount of grain is accommodated in the dryer main body 101, it is possible to effectively dry the grain.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show respective embodiments of the grain dryer according to the present invention, and FIGS. 1 to 3 show the grain dryer according to the first embodiment, and FIG. Front view, second
FIG. 3 is a side view in which a part of a main part is broken, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view of a grain dryer according to a second embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional front view of the grain dryer according to the embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional front view of the conventional example. 101 ... dryer main body, 102 ... hot air blowing chamber, 103 ... dust exhaust chamber, 104 ... bulkhead, 105 ... main air passage, 106 ... auxiliary air passage, 107 ... hot air chamber, 109 ... Exhaust chamber, 111 …… Dry passage, 113 …… Yamagata partition wall, 113 ′ …… Multi-hole chevron partition wall, 11
4 ...... Cross-flowing feed chamber, 121 …… Take-out chamber, 130 …… Hot air blowing duct, 133a, 133b …… Side wall, 134 …… Exhaust window, 13
6 …… Suction wind window, 135,137 …… Open / close door, 138 …… Hot air control door, 139 …… Main open / close door, 140 …… Sub open / close door, 141 …… Closed door

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hot-air blowing chamber and a dust-exhausting chamber are provided symmetrically along the transverse direction on both right and left sides in a horizontally long rectangular tube-shaped dryer main body, and the hot-air blowing chamber and the dust-exhausting chamber are provided. A plurality of hot air jet ducts in the upper stage in the direction orthogonal to the lateral direction, and a plurality of hot air chambers and exhaust chambers in the middle stage so that a narrow drying passage is formed between the two chambers. The upper side of the hot air blowing chamber is partitioned into a main air passage and a sub air passage by a partition wall, and the main air passage is connected to the hot air chamber, and the sub air passage is connected to the hot air blowing duct. A hot air control door that opens and closes the main and sub air passages is mounted on the shaft, and the lower ends of the plurality of drying passages are arranged in a row in the lateral direction immediately below the drying passage, the hot air chamber, and the exhaust air chamber. Connect to each of a plurality of cross-down flow feeding chambers formed by partition walls, and take out the lower end of each cross-down flow feeding chamber. The grain is characterized in that a hot air blower chamber and a dust blower chamber are connected to each other through a take-out chamber by opening a blow-out window with an opening / closing door and a suction wind window on the side wall of the take-out chamber. Dryer.