JPH0829338B2 - Method and apparatus for treating the surface of an elongated steel alloy to contribute to the cold working of the steel alloy - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a method of cold working elongated steel alloys, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for treating the surface of such products to aid in the cold working of such products.

Elongated steel alloys, such as wires, rods or bars, may be cold worked to form practical product sizes and shapes. Throughout this specification, the term "cold work" refers to the plastic deformation of a metal under temperature conditions and strain rates that result in strain hardening of the metal, generally performed at room temperature but not necessarily at room temperature. It means plastic deformation of metal that does not require. As a cold working method for elongated steel alloys, drawing,
Extrusion, cold heading or a combination of these. Prior to cold working the elongated steel alloy, the elongated steel alloy is treated to remove surface conditions such as oxide scale or residues resulting from upstream processing such as hot or cold rolling. . As a result of such pre-cold work, a smooth surface is formed on the elongated steel alloy.

One known method for forming a smooth surface on an elongated steel alloy is to shave, peel or broach the elongated steel alloy from the substrate to a thin outer periphery. There is a method of removing the layer. Throughout the specification, the term "shaving" shall include any process commonly referred to as scalping. The shaving, peeling or broaching process exposes a very smooth and reflective new surface to the elongated steel alloy. The pre-cold worked steel wire can be bright strand annealed before further cold working. Such a treatment can also result in a very smooth and highly reflective surface on the wire as well.

An elongated steel alloy with a smooth reflective surface is
Cold working is difficult because such surfaces do not help guide the lubricant into the cold work tool or die. Therefore, the elongated steel alloy is prone to damage or wear,
Cold work tools or dies are easily scratched.

Some machine tools for removing surface layers leave marks of the machine tool on the surface of the elongated steel alloy. Scars from such machine tools
It acts as high pressure points that adversely affect the drawability or extrudability of elongated steel alloys. Machine tool scars left on the surface of the elongated steel alloy will remain visible after cold working, revealing an unsightly appearance.

After the surface layer removal treatment, the steel alloy bars, wires or rods are acid-etched, annealed and then acid-washed, or annealed and shot blasting. And then subjected to an acid dip treatment to form a hazy etched surface that helps retain the lubricant during subsequent cold work. However, the use of acids for surface etching and descaling is often undesirable for many reasons. Acids are very corrosive and difficult to dispose of in an environmentally safe manner. In-line (in-lin)
It cannot be easily applied to e) or strand processing. In addition, many steel alloys undergo intergranular attack when the surface is acid cleaned.
Easy to receive.

The use of shot blasting with metal shots for surface treatment of elongated steel alloys likewise presents many undesirable problems. Shot blasting hardens the surface of elongated steel alloys, which adversely affects cold workability. The shot blasting method also leaves a metallic residue on the surface which, unless removed by acid cleaning, causes corrosion.
If the surface is excessively dented or scratched by the shot blasting method, it has a bad influence on the drawability and extrudability of the elongated steel alloy. In addition, the surface dents caused by shot blasting are relatively sharp, jagged crevices, which are the lubricants, precoats or coolants used during cold working.
t) is easily trapped. During the high temperature heat treatment performed after cold working of the elongated steel alloy, the corrosive action concentrates on the dents, which leads to undesirable surface pitting.

Also, the equipment for performing the shot blasting process is relatively large and does not lend itself to in-line or single strand processing. Also, because the shot blasting method is an airless method that uses a large centrifugal wheel to propel the metal shot, it requires a significant amount of energy to operate the shot blasting device.

Another known method of improving the cold workability of elongated steel alloys is to coat them with a thin layer of a more malleable material such as copper. Copper coatings can greatly improve the cold workability of many steel alloys, but ultimately the coating must be removed from the cold worked product. The removal of copper coatings requires the use of highly corrosive chemicals, which makes the removal costly and poses significant environmental safety concerns. Becomes

Sand, aluminium, for treating the surface of metal products to remove oxide scale, paint or dry surface residues and to prepare the metal surface to ensure good adhesion of paint or coating etc. Air blown abrasive media such as oxides or glass beads have been used. In particular, air-blasted glass beads have been used to peening metal surfaces to impart a beneficial compressive stress to the metal surface layer. Also, the glass beads blown with air are
It is also used to give a dull or matte finish to steel alloy strips flat rolled from round wire.

[0011]

A problem associated with known methods for cold working elongated steel alloys, such as wires, rods or bars, is that cold drawn elongated steel alloys having smooth and reflective surfaces are cold-worked. The present invention, which provides a novel method and apparatus for processing, can eliminate the degree of possibility.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method of cold working elongated steel alloys in accordance with the present invention provides a high velocity flow of non-metallic, substantially spherical microparticles that are microscopic and free of pores while maintaining the elongated steel alloy under tension. Forming a matt structure having a large number of fine and shallow dents randomly scattered by passing through the inside in the longitudinal direction on almost the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy; and of the steel alloy on which the matt structure is formed. The method includes the steps of adding a lubricant to the steel alloy so that the lubricant contacts the surface, and then cold working the steel alloy.

According to the present invention, the method of treating the surface of a long steel alloy in order to contribute to the cold working of the long steel alloy comprises the steps of forming a smooth and reflective surface on the long steel alloy, By keeping the alloy under tension and passing longitudinally through a high-speed flow of fine, non-porous, non-metallic, substantially spherical fine particles, a matt structure having a large number of fine and shallow dents randomly scattered is formed. Forming substantially the entire surface of the steel alloy, thereby significantly improving the lubricant retaining ability of the surface of the steel alloy.

Further, according to the present invention, the apparatus for treating the surface of an elongated steel alloy in order to contribute to the cold working of the elongated steel alloy includes a surface smoothing treatment for forming a smooth and reflective surface on the elongated steel alloy. Through a mechanism, a surface texture forming mechanism for forming a matt structure having a large number of minute and shallow dents randomly scattered on the almost entire surface of the steel alloy, the surface smoothing mechanism and the surface texture forming mechanism A mechanism for pulling the elongated steel alloy in the longitudinal direction, wherein the surface texture forming mechanism is a source of fine, non-porous, non-metallic, substantially spherical fine particles, and the fine particles are provided on the surface of the steel alloy. A mechanism for propelling the flow of the particles to collide, further, the surface texture forming mechanism is arranged between the surface smoothing mechanism and the mechanism for pulling a steel alloy, Are configured to steel alloys is tension through said surface smoothing mechanism and the surface texture forming mechanism by Les.

[0015]

In the method and apparatus according to the present invention, prior to cold working of the elongated steel alloy, the elongated steel alloy is maintained under tension while maintaining a high velocity flow of fine, hole-free, non-metallic, substantially spherical particulates. It is configured to form a matt structure having a large number of minute and shallow dents randomly dispersed by passing through it in the longitudinal direction on almost the entire surface of an elongated steel alloy. By pulling the steel alloy, the slender steel alloy will not be loosened or twisted, and the entire surface of the slender steel alloy will be evenly exposed to the high-speed flow of spherical fine particles. It becomes possible to form many pieces on the surface of the alloy evenly. Therefore, since there is no variation in the lubricant retaining capacity in the mat structure, it is possible to secure a uniform lubricant retaining capacity over the entire surface of the mat structure. In addition, after forming a mat structure having a large number of fine and shallow uniform dents randomly distributed on the surface of the elongated steel alloy, a lubricant is added to the surface of the steel alloy on which the mat structure is formed. Therefore, since the steel alloy is cold-worked, the cold-working treatment can be carried out without any trouble.
Furthermore, since there is no need to treat with a highly corrosive acid, for example, without considering environmental problems,
It can be easily applied to in-line processing, enabling efficient processing of elongated steel alloys.

The above summary and the following detailed description of the method and apparatus according to the present invention will be more clearly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the method of the present invention, a smooth reflective finish is applied to the surface of an intermediate size elongated steel alloy such as a wire, rod or bar. Among the known processing methods for forming such surfaces are shaving, peeling, broaching or back-die shaving.
die shaving). In such processing methods, a thin surface layer is removed from the surface of the elongated steel alloy. Another method for forming a suitable surface is bright annealing a cold drawn wire or rod.
There is a way to do (bright annealing). There is also a bright strand annealing method,
Since this annealing method can be easily applied to the in-line process, it is a more preferable bright annealing method.

After forming a smooth surface on the elongated steel alloy, a uniform area (coverag) is formed on almost the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy.
A matt structure is formed on almost the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy so as to form e). This matte texture is characterized by having a large number of small, shallow dents randomly distributed, and is uniformly covered on the surface of an elongated steel alloy. Random dents, such as those that form linearly in the lengthwise direction or spirally around the circumference, are of little use to guide and distribute lubricant to the cold work tool. It is extremely important that it is formed. Roughness of the matte structure is also important, as the lubricant will not adhere well to the surface of the elongated steel alloy if the matte structure is too fine or too coarse. The roughness of the matt tissue surface is preferably about 30-50 microinches Ra. The formation of the matte structure is preferably carried out in-line with one or more surface smoothing steps, such as back die shaving or bright strand annealing. Such an in-line treatment method makes it possible to very efficiently surface-treat elongated steel alloys that are subsequently cold-worked.

In carrying out the surface texture forming step of the present invention, a large number of fine non-porous, substantially spherical non-metallic fine particles are propelled toward the surface of the elongated steel alloy at high speed. When these substantially spherical particles collide with the surface of the elongated steel alloy, a plurality of minute, shallow dents, which are features of a desired mat structure, are randomly formed. Throughout the specification, the term "generally spherical" means a regular or irregularly rounded shape, not sharp corners. Also, the term "almost spherical"
Include, but are not limited to, rounded incomplete spheres, oblate spheres, spheroids, ellipses, teardrop-like shapes, pear-like shapes, and combinations of these shapes. Not done. As fine particles, the size is about 100
Preferably ~ 170 mesh glass beads are used.

The substantially spherical particles are carried toward the surface of the elongated steel alloy in a stream of fluid such as compressed air supplied from a high pressure source. Therefore, the specific gravity of the approximately spherical microparticles should be small enough that they can be easily carried by a compressed fluid, preferably compressed air. The fluid is preferably fed at about 60-100 psi to ensure that the approximately spherical particles are transported at the desired high velocity. In practicing the method according to the present invention, the velocity of the approximately spherical particulates is controlled to provide the desired surface roughness without causing predictable peening or work hardening of the surface of the elongated steel alloy. Work hardening of the surface of an elongated steel alloy adversely affects the cold workability of the elongated steel alloy. The velocity of the particles can be controlled by adjusting the pressure that supplies the fluid. In order to form a uniform region over substantially the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy, it is preferred to apply multiple streams of fine, non-porous, non-metallic particulates. As described below in connection with a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, a plurality of streams of particulates flow around the elongated steel alloy, each of these particulate streams comprising:
It runs offset from other adjacent particulate streams in the circumferential direction of the steel alloy and is directed generally radially towards the elongated steel alloy.

After forming the matte texture on the surface of the elongated steel alloy, and prior to further processing, a lubricant is added to the elongated steel alloy. The lubricant is added in any known manner so that it contacts the matte surface of the elongated steel alloy to which it easily adheres. Any known lubricant suitable for cold working may be used, the lubricant being compatible with the particular cold drawing, cold extruding or cold heading applied to the elongated steel alloy. It is preferable.

In order to reduce the cross-sectional area of the steel alloy without cutting the steel alloy substrate, the steel alloy to which a lubricant has been added is then cooled, for example by cold rolling, cold drawing or cold extrusion. Process between. Instead of or in addition to such reduction by cold working, the steel alloy to which a lubricant is added may be cold headed. However, it will be readily appreciated that there is no need to cold work the elongate steel alloy having a matte structure immediately after its surface texture forming. Rather, the elongated steel alloy can be sold as a finished or semi-finished product.

Referring now to FIG. 1, there is schematically shown in FIG. 1 an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention. This apparatus has a surface treatment line 110 and a wire drawing line 140. Surface treatment line 11
At 0, pay-off stand 11
2 holds a coil 114 of steel alloy wire 116. The surface treatment line 110 includes an optional roller die 118, a surface smoothing device 120, an air wiper 122, a surface texture shaping device 124, a lubricant applicator 132, and a capstan 134. The wire 116 before reaching the surface treatment line 110 is, for example, hot or cold rolled to be processed into an intermediate size or diameter. The wire 116 includes an optional roller die 118 and a surface smoothing device 120.
Via the capstan 134 in the longitudinal direction. The roller die 118 functions as a mechanism for cold working the steel alloy so as to reduce the cross-sectional area of the steel alloy without cutting the base material of the steel alloy. A straightening die or a drawing die can be used in place of the roller die 118, if desired. Wire 11 cold processed by roller die 118
6 reaches the surface smoothing device 120. The surface smoothing device 120 is for forming a smooth and reflective surface on the surface of the steel alloy. As the surface smoothing device 120, a smooth and reflective surface is obtained by removing a thin surface layer of the wire 116. Any tool or machine designed to form a new surface into the steel alloy can be used. As the surface layer removing tool 120, for example, a broaching tool, a shaving tool, a peeling machine or a back die shaving tool can be used depending on the shape of a long steel alloy such as a wire, a rod or a bar.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer removal tool 120
The back die shaving bite is used as. Surface layer removal tool 120 removes a thin surrounding layer from the surface of wire 116, thereby exposing a new surface that is very smooth and reflective. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as described above, the surface layer removing tool is used as the surface smoothing device 120, but instead of this, the wire 116 cold worked by the roller die 118 is bright strand annealed. A furnace that forms a suitable surface by processing can also be used as the surface smoothing device 120.

For certain surface layer removal techniques, a coolant is added to the wire 116 to control the heat induced stress during the surface layer removal operation.
The air wiper 122 removes any excess coolant from the wire 116 to dry the surface.
Further, as the air wiper 122, a vacuum machine for removing the coolant from the wire surface can be used.

After passing through the air wiper 122, the wire 116 passes through the surface texture shaping device 124. The surface texture shaping device 124 includes an enclosure 125 and a tank 126 that stores fine non-porous, substantially non-spherical fine particles.
And a plurality of spray or spray nozzles 128. Further, the surface texture shaping device 124 has a mechanism for stirring the fine particles supplied from the tank 126 with compressed air, preferably in the injection nozzle 128. As the wire 116 passes through the enclosure 125, particles are ejected by the compressed air through the injection nozzle 128 to impinge on the surface of the wire 116. A plurality of injection nozzles 128 are arranged around the passage line of the wire 116 passing through the enclosure 125 so that the surface of the wire can come into contact with the fine particles uniformly and entirely.

As shown in FIG. 2, multiple injection nozzles 128 are spirally aligned around the wire 116 passage line to add multiple particulate streams to the elongated steel alloy. Is preferred. In the preferred embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2A, there are twelve nozzles, each nozzle being radially spaced from the wire 116 passage line by a predetermined distance, and the circumference of the wire 116 passage line. The nozzles are arranged so as to be offset from other nozzles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Hole 1 of injection nozzle 128
The inner diameter of 29 and the distance between the injection nozzle 128 and the wire 116 in the radial direction are such that substantially spherical fine particles directed toward the surface of the wire 116 with a constant air pressure at a velocity do not cause predictable peening or work hardening on the wire surface. It has been selected to be able to form sufficient surface depressions to provide the desired surface roughness. Further, the surface texture shaping device 124 can be provided with an air wiper 130 for removing dust on the wire 116 and other residues generated by the surface texture shaping process.
The surface texture shaping device 124 and the surface smoothing device 120 are coaxially aligned and arranged, and the surface smoothing device 12
Wire 1 passing through 0 and the surface texture forming device 124
It is desirable to set 16 passage lines so as to coincide with the coaxial lines.

The wire 116 is used in the surface texture forming device 12
4 and then passes through a lubricant applicator 132, which adds a lubricant, and is wrapped around a capstan 134. The capstan 134 is driven to rotate to pull the wire 116 through various devices in the surface treatment line 110. Obviously, when the wire 116 is pulled through the surface treatment line 110, the wire 116 is under significant tension. The tension is the wire 116
To help maintain the surface smoothing device 120 and the surface texture shaping device 124 coaxial, or in close proximity to the coaxial surface, and thus equidistant from the location of the injection nozzle 128. Those that can be maintained are preferable.
Of course, the tension applied to the wire 116 must be controlled so as not to exceed the tensile yield strength of the wire 116.

After the wire 116 passes through the surface treatment line 110 and is wound around the capstan 134, the wire 116 is conveyed to the cold working line 140.
This cold working line 140 includes a lubricant applicator 1
44, a cold work tool 146, and a drive capstan 148 that pulls the wire 116 through the cold work tool 146. The payoff stand 141 holds the coil of the surface-treated wire 116. Wire 11
6 passes through the lubricant applicator 144 and then through the cold work tool 146, where the cross-sectional area of the wire 116 is reduced and wound onto the capstan 148 in a known manner. To be turned. FIG.
In the illustrated embodiment, the cold work line 140 is configured as a cold drawing line and the cold work tool 146
Is configured as a cold working die.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the apparatus for carrying out the method according to the present invention. The device shown in FIG. 3 includes an optional roller die 318, a surface smoothing device 320, an air wiper 322, a surface texture forming device 324, a first lubricant applicator 332, a first capstan 334, and A single processing line having a second lubricant applicator 344, a cold work tool 346, and a second capstan 348. The first capstan 334 is driven and rotated to pull the wire 316 through the surface smoothing device 320, the surface texture shaping device 324, and the first lubricant applicator 332. The second capstan 348 is similarly driven to rotate and pull the wire 316 through the cold work tool 346. It should be noted that the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 for carrying out the method according to the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the apparatus shown in FIG.
The surface smoothing apparatus 320 can be embodied as a surface layer removing tool or a furnace for annealing a bright alloy of bright strands, like the apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. Reference numeral 325 in FIG. 3 indicates the surface texture shaping device 3
Reference numeral 326 denotes a tank storing fine, non-porous, non-metallic, substantially spherical particles. Further, reference numeral 328 indicates a fine particle ejection nozzle, and reference numeral 330 indicates an air wiper.

In the single processing line 310, a coil 314 of steel alloy wire 316, which has been previously processed to an intermediate size or diameter by, for example, hot or cold rolling, is held by a payoff stand 312. The wire 316 has an optional roller die 318 in the longitudinal direction.
And the surface smoothing device 320. Then, the wire 316 passes through the air wiper 322 for removing excess coolant from the wire surface. After passing through the air wiper 322, the wire 316 is removed from FIG.
The surface texture forming apparatus 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
A surface texture shaping device 324 configured similarly to 24 enters. The wire 316 that has passed through the surface texture shaping device 324 passes through the lubricant applicator 332 and is wound around the first capstan 334 by a known method. If necessary, insert an intermediate cold work tool into the lubricant applicator 33 in order to intermediate cold shrink the wire 316.
2 and the first capstan 334 may be arranged at any time.

The wire 316 is then unwound from the first capstan 334 and the second lubricant applicator 34 is removed.
4 and the cold work tool 346 and is wound and wound by the second capstan 348 in a known manner. First capstan 334 and second capstan 3
The 48 are driven synchronously so that the tension applied to the wire 316 does not exceed the tensile yield strength of the wire 316 at any point in the process line 310.

The unique and beneficial properties of the matt tissue surface provided by the method and apparatus of the present invention may be more clearly understood with reference to FIGS.
Each of these figures is a 100x photomicrograph of a partial cross-section of an AISI Type 302 stainless steel wire sample.
The bright part in each micrograph shows the wire substrate.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the surface contour of an AISI Type 302 wire which has been back die shaving processed but not further processed. The surface of the wire shown in FIG. 4 is very smooth, and therefore the ability of the wire surface to introduce and distribute lubricant in the cold work tool or die is limited, which makes it difficult to cold work. Useless. Figure 5 shows AISI Type blasted with metal shot
It is the figure which showed the surface outline of the 302 wire. The surface of the wire shown in FIG. 5 is so rough and jagged that it is useless for drawing and other cold working processes.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the surface contour of an AISI Type 302 wire that has been subjected to back die shaving treatment and then annealed and acid washed. FIG. 6 shows that such treatment results in undesirable intergranular corrosion on the wire surface.

FIG. 7 is a view showing the surface contour of an AISI Type 302 wire which has been subjected to back die shaving according to the present invention and then has a surface texture formed by the glass bead blast method. This surface treated according to the invention
It is characterized by having a large number of randomly shallow microscopic indentations that can greatly improve the lubricant retention capacity of the wire surface without inducing a predictable work hardening on the surface. It has been found that the surface on which this matt structure is formed serves to a considerable extent in the cold working of the wire.

As is apparent from the above description and the accompanying drawings, the method and apparatus according to the present invention provide various advantages over the known techniques for surface treating and cold working elongated steel alloys. Can be demonstrated. For example, the method of the present invention can be readily applied to in-line processing in combination with other surface treatments and / or cold working treatments for efficient, continuous treatment of wires, rods or bars. it can. This method has high processing line speed,
For example, it can be carried out at at least about 300 fpm to about 700 fpm and higher. Also, this method is not limited to application to large diameter wires, rods or bars and does not increase work hardening of the steel alloy surface. In addition, the method provides for peeled, shaving or broached wire, bar or rod while avoiding the physical and mechanical drawbacks of shot blasting and the chemical and environmental problems associated with acid treatment. It is possible to greatly improve the drawing workability and the extrusion workability of.

The terms and expressions used in the present specification are merely used for explaining the present invention, and do not limit the content of the present invention in any way. The use of such terms and expressions does not mean that they are meant to exclude equivalents or parts of the aspects of the invention described.
However, it is recognized that various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention as claimed.

[0037]

As described above, according to the method and the apparatus of the present invention, before the cold working of the elongated steel alloy, the elongated steel alloy is kept under tension while the fine, hole-free non-metallic material is maintained. By passing through a high-speed flow of substantially spherical fine particles in the longitudinal direction, a mat structure having a large number of minute and shallow dents randomly distributed is formed on almost the entire surface of an elongated steel alloy. Therefore, when the elongated steel alloy is stretched during the forming of the mat structure, the elongated steel alloy is not loosened or twisted, and the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy is uniformly exposed to the high-speed flow of spherical fine particles. Therefore, it is possible to form a large number of uniform dents evenly on the surface of the elongated steel alloy. Therefore, since the lubricant retaining capacity in the mat structure does not vary, a uniform lubricant retaining capacity can be secured over the entire surface of the mat structure. In addition, after forming a mat structure having a large number of fine and shallow uniform dents randomly distributed on the surface of the elongated steel alloy, a lubricant is added to the surface of the steel alloy on which the mat structure is formed. Therefore, since the steel alloy is cold-worked, the cold-working treatment can be carried out without any trouble. Furthermore, since there is no need to treat with highly corrosive acid, etc., it can be easily applied to in-line processing without considering environmental problems, for efficient treatment of elongated steel alloys. Can be enabled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a surface treatment and cold working apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an array of injection nozzles used in the surface texture shaping apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 2A is a side view showing the arrangement of the injection nozzles shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing another embodiment of the surface treatment and cold working apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a 100 × photomicrograph showing a cross section of a steel alloy wire that has been subjected to back die shaving.

FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a back die shaving treated steel alloy wire blasted with metal shot 100
It is a micrograph with a magnification of 2.

FIG. 6 is a 100 × photomicrograph showing a cross section of a back die shaving treated steel alloy wire that has been annealed and acid washed.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-section of a back die shaving treated steel alloy wire having a surface texture formed according to the present invention 1
It is a micrograph of 00 times.

[Explanation of symbols]

110 surface treatment line 112, 141, 312 payoff stand 114, 314 coil 116, 316 wire 118, 318 roller die 120, 320 surface smoothing device 122, 130, 322, 330 air wiper 124, 324 surface texture forming device 126, 326 Tank 128,328 Injection nozzle 132,144,332,344 Lubricant applicator 134,148,334,348 Drive capstan 140 Wire drawing line 146,346 Cold work tool 310 Single processing line

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. A large number of small and shallow dents randomly scattered by passing a long and narrow steel alloy in a longitudinal direction through a high-speed flow of fine, hole-free, non-metallic, substantially spherical fine particles while maintaining the elongated steel alloy under tension. Forming a mat structure having substantially the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy, and adding a lubricant to the steel alloy so that the lubricant contacts the surface of the steel alloy formed with the mat structure. And a step of subsequently cold working the steel alloy, a method for cold working a long and narrow steel alloy. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cold working step comprises reducing the cross-sectional area of the steel alloy without removing the base material of the steel alloy. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fine non-metallic, substantially non-porous fine particles having no pores are propelled by a high-pressure fluid. 4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-pressure fluid is compressed air. 5. A matt structure having a large number of fine and shallow dents randomly distributed by passing an elongated steel alloy in a longitudinal direction through a high-speed flow of fine, hole-free, non-metallic, substantially spherical fine particles. Forming substantially the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy, the steps of propelling the plurality of streams of particulates toward the surface of the steel alloy, and passing the steel alloy longitudinally through the plurality of particulate streams. And wherein each of the plurality of particulate streams surrounds a steel alloy and each of which flows offset from another adjacent particulate stream around the steel alloy so as to impinge different portions of the surface of the steel alloy. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fine particles impinge on substantially the entire surface of the steel alloy. 6. The method of claims 1-5, wherein the size of the fine, non-porous, non-metallic, substantially spherical particulates is about 100-170 mesh. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fine non-porous, non-metallic, substantially spherical fine particles are glass beads. 8. The size of the glass beads is 100 to 100.
Method according to claim 7, characterized in that it is 170 mesh. 9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of forming a smooth and reflective surface on the surface of the steel alloy before forming the mat structure in the steel alloy. the method of. 10. The step of forming a smooth, reflective surface on the surface of a steel alloy comprises removing a thin surrounding layer from the surface of the steel alloy to expose a new surface to the steel alloy. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that 11. A step of forming a smooth and reflective surface on an elongated steel alloy, and a longitudinal direction in a high-speed flow of fine, hole-free, non-metallic, substantially spherical particles while maintaining the steel alloy under tension. Forming a matt structure having a large number of small and shallow dents randomly scattered on the whole surface of the elongated steel alloy, thereby lubricating the surface of the steel alloy. A method for treating the surface of an elongated steel alloy to contribute to cold working of the elongated steel alloy, which is characterized by having an extremely improved agent retention ability. 12. A matt structure having a large number of small and shallow dents randomly distributed by passing an elongated steel alloy through a high-speed flow of fine, hole-free, non-metallic, substantially spherical fine particles in a longitudinal direction. Forming substantially the entire surface of the elongated steel alloy, the steps of propelling the plurality of streams of particulates toward the surface of the steel alloy, and passing the steel alloy longitudinally through the plurality of particulate streams. And wherein each of the plurality of particulate streams surrounds a steel alloy and each of which flows offset from another adjacent particulate stream around the steel alloy so as to impinge different portions of the surface of the steel alloy. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the fine particles are made to collide with substantially the entire surface of the steel alloy. 13. The step of forming a smooth, reflective surface on the surface of the steel alloy comprises removing a thin surrounding layer from the surface of the steel alloy to expose a new surface to the steel alloy. The method according to claim 11, characterized by: 14. The step of removing a thin surrounding layer from the surface of a steel alloy comprises pulling the steel alloy through a tool that removes the thin layer, the steel alloy being a microscopic, non-porous non-metallic material. Said step of longitudinally passing through a plurality of streams of substantially spherical, substantially spherical particles comprises pulling a steel alloy from said tool in a plurality of streams of non-porous, substantially non-metallic, substantially spherical particles. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that 15. The method of claims 11-14, wherein the size of the fine, non-porous, non-metallic, substantially spherical particles is about 100-170 mesh. 16. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of forming a smooth and reflective surface on the surface of the steel alloy comprises the step of bright strand annealing the steel alloy. . 17. An elongated steel alloy surface-treated by the method according to claim 11. 18. A steel alloy wire surface-treated by the method according to claim 11. 19. A surface smoothing mechanism for forming a smooth and reflective surface on an elongated steel alloy, and a mat structure having a large number of minute and shallow dents randomly distributed on the surface of the steel alloy. And a mechanism for pulling the elongated steel alloy in the longitudinal direction via the surface smoothing mechanism and the surface texture forming mechanism, wherein the surface texture forming mechanism is It has a source of non-metallic substantially spherical fine particles having no pores, and a mechanism for propelling the flow of the fine particles so that the fine particles collide with the surface of the steel alloy, and further, the surface texture forming mechanism, It is arranged between the surface smoothing mechanism and the mechanism for pulling the steel alloy so that the steel alloy is pulled through the surface smoothing mechanism and the surface texture forming mechanism. An apparatus for surface-treating a long and narrow steel alloy in order to contribute to cold working of the steel alloy. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the surface smoothing mechanism comprises a mechanism for removing thin surrounding layers from the surface of the steel alloy. 21. A mechanism for cold working a steel alloy to reduce the cross-sectional area of the steel alloy without removing the base material of the steel alloy, the surface smoothing mechanism, wherein the steel alloy is cold worked. 20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that it comprises a furnace for bright strand annealing of the steel alloy after it has been cold worked in the processing mechanism.