JPH0833050B2 - Waterproof shingles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a roof plate made of a standard length plate of a ceramic product such as a slate plate, a stone plate, and a tile is reinforced by using a pedestal having a fixing portion that also serves as a drainage groove, and a box-shaped cross-sectional shape. The base rail is constructed by combining the support rails and the waterproof plate of to build a strong roof surface with excellent waterproofness. Conventionally, when roofing is performed using flat plates of ceramic products such as slate boards, stone boards, and glass boards, there is a large amount of water leaking from the roof plate stacks and joints, and this is used as a roofing waterproof material such as roofing. Therefore, it drains water toward the eaves, but since the roof plate is directly nailed to the ground plate, etc., there will be a nail hole in the underlaying material, and rainwater will soak in from that part. It also causes corrosion of nails and base materials, reduces the holding power of the fasteners, causes rain leakage, and significantly reduces the function of the building. In addition, the roof plate was loosened due to corrosion from the nail holes, and it was displaced by an earthquake or strong wind, or was blown off, and there was a safety problem such as cracking of the roof plate. The present invention eliminates such inconveniences, and forms an integrated roof plate unit by using a pedestal in which a groove for drainage and fixing is connected to the roof plate, and this is used as a support rail having a box-shaped cross section. A roofing surface is formed by using a completely waterproof single membrane-like ground surface without forming any holes in the base surface by combining it with a waterproof plate. It was made possible. An embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. A plate having a predetermined thickness, width, and length is raised up at a right angle, and the opposite ends of the plate are bent inward to form hooking pieces 1a.
Furthermore, the ends that extend the latching pieces are each extended outward, and there is a gap into which the rising tips of the fixing parts can be inserted, and one of them is large and the other is small so that the fixing parts can overlap each other. The pedestal 1 is formed by bending it into a square groove and forming the fixing portion 1b that also serves as a drainage groove (Fig. 1). The shape of the hook and the roof plate of this pedestal is not limited to the above-mentioned one, but the two opposite sides of the pedestal are raised with a slight inward inclination, and the top opening is narrower than the bottom. Which has a trapezoidal cross section
The roof plate can be fitted and fixed, with the same effect (3rd
(Figure). The roof plates fitted to these pedestals are formed in the same shape to match the cross-sectional shape,
It should be slid from the side and fitted and fixed. The roof plates attached to these are formed by forming fitting grooves 2a in the longitudinal direction of both side surfaces that match the latching pieces 1a of the rising part of the pedestal, and slide this from both side openings of the pedestal 1. Insert and fix to form the roof panel unit 3 (Figs. 2 and 4)
(Figure). The shingles that have been fitted are stable and will not come off even if no adhesive is used. Moreover, since the pedestal is reinforced, the stability of the roof plate is further improved.
In either case, the pedestal surface is covered with the roof plate, does not appear on the surface, and the fixed parts on both sides form a roof plate unit that also functions as a groove-shaped gutter. The design of the roof is made good by taking advantage of the characteristics of the material of the roof,
It also has an effect on fire resistance (Fig. 5). Since the roof plate unit is made small, it is less affected by the difference in thermal expansion that occurs between the roof plate and the pedestal, and the openings on both sides of the pedestal also have the effect of escaping force without damaging the roof plate. There is. This roof panel unit uses a strong material for the pedestal that serves as the base, so that the roof panel is made of a material that has a problem with strength, such as having some brittleness and lack of elasticity or waist strength. Even if it is used, the pedestal that is the base is closely received in the state of closely adhering to the roof plate, and is combined, so that the roof plate and the pedestal are held together to form a rigid structure, and a strong roof surface that can withstand the load on the roof. Can be constructed. Therefore, even if the roof plate is cracked to some extent, the pedestal is in close contact with and reinforced, so it can be prevented from falling off and rainwater can be prevented from leaking from there. Next, the support rails that fix the roof panel unit are described. Two projecting pieces with appropriate intervals are provided over the entire length of the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 4a having a predetermined thickness, width, and length, and the upper side of the projecting piece is covered over the entire surface, and the flange 4b is horizontally provided on the left and right sides. The support rail 4 is formed by overhanging and having a box-shaped cross-section, and the flange tip part is folded down slightly to form a drain 4c (Fig. 6). The waterproof plate 5 installed between the support rails has a predetermined width that matches the space between the support rails installed according to the size of the roof plate unit, and both sides in the longitudinal direction of the water repellent 5a. It has a rising part and is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section (eighth). The joint 6 shown in Fig. 7 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the support rail, and has a joint groove 6a having a size into which the support rail can be inserted.
It has a structure that allows the support rails to be inserted from the left and right by forming the. The support rails 4 are parallel, evenly spaced, from the ridge to the eaves, at multiple locations on the roof structure of the building frame, at locations where the base structure 9 is strong. Securely fix with the metal fitting 8. If the support rail is short compared to the length of the roof flow, it can be spliced using joints 6, the gap is filled with a sealant, and it is completely sealed so that a support rail of any length can be made. Is. The waterproof plate 5 is installed between the fixed support rails 4 from the ridge to the eaves without any gap, and the water return 5a is placed in contact with the inner surface of the projecting piece of the support rail 4. If the waterproof plate is short with respect to the flow of the roof, stack the upper waterproof plate on the lower waterproof plate with a sufficient stacking margin and fill the sealant to prevent backflow of water. The nail holes made to fix the support rails to the base structure portion are covered by installing the waterproof plate 5, so that the roof base surface is formed like a single waterproof sheet without appearing on the surface. A completely waterproof roof is possible. An embodiment in which the roof plate unit 3 is attached to the roof base surface will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11 and 15. About one roof plate unit, using three or more support rails, straddle the intermediate support rails, put them on the both sides of the center of the support rails, and mount them on the fixed part on the side of the pedestal. Among the fixed parts, a large cross-section fixed part is overlapped with a small cross-section fixed part, and the fixing part 8 such as a screw is fixed to the top surface of the support rail 4 from above.
Since a fixing part that also functions as a gutter is provided on the outside of the hooking piece of this pedestal, when it is installed as a roof panel unit, the fixing parts of the adjacent left and right roof panel units are doubled in strength while overlapping. At the same time, the overlapping part ensures the function of the drainage mechanism and exerts a waterproof effect. It is also possible to solve the defects of rain wrapping that could not be prevented by the conventional method with a gently sloping roof. Depending on the size and size of the roofing board, two or more support rails, even those of the size used across multiple rails, can be fixed in the same manner. In the procedure for attaching the roof panel unit 3 to the support rail 4, the roof parts are staggered so that the positions of the fixed parts are staggered in alternate steps, with an appropriate stacking margin from the eaves to the ridge, The upper side of the roof plate unit 3
At the lower position of the overlapping fixed portion 1b of the roof plate unit 3 to be overlaid, the upper side of the intermediate part of the roof plate unit 3 below is provided with a stopper 8 so as to reach the top surface of the support rail 4. Stop in various ways. The upper position of the fixed part 1b is
Fix it directly to the support rail. The support rail 4 corresponding to the middle portion of the roof plate unit 3 has a fastener on the top surface of the support rail 4 directly from above the roof plate unit 3 and presses the upper side of the roof plate unit 3 to fix it firmly. It is also possible. The roof board unit 3 is stable at three or more places on the left and right sides and the upper side, and is securely fixed to the support rails 4 so that the roof board unit 3 does not slide down or come off, and the roof has a steep slope. It can also be used on vertical walls. Since the support rails 4 also serve as guide rails for mounting the roof plate unit 3, even when marking out,
Horizontal and vertical positions can be set easily and accurately, each roof panel unit can be bent, a clean roof can be roofed, and work can be done speedily. Also, since the roof plate can be attached to the specified place using the fixing metal fittings, even if no skill is required,
Anyone can work reliably. The roof panel units 3 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction are overlapped with each other in such a manner that the smaller fixing portion is fitted into the fixing portion having a large cross-sectional shape in the fixing portion 1b that also serves as a drainage groove, and then connected with the stoppers 8. Therefore, the rainwater that collects at this fixed part is naturally guided to the intermediate upper surface of the roof plate unit 3 located at the lower stage and drained without difficulty. Therefore, like conventional roofs, the waterproof property is very good even if there is a lot of overlap between the roof plates and no rain is applied. The fixed portion 1b of the roof plate unit 3 is a fastener 8 such as a screw, and the support rail 4
Since it is covered with the sealing material 7 after it is fastened to, the waterproofness is further secured. In addition, even if water leaks from the overlapping layers of the roof plate unit 3 and water may splash on the back surface of the roof plate unit 3, the waterproof plate 5 built into the ground will catch it and have the same effect as a rain gutter. It has a double waterproof structure that drains smoothly to the eaves. Also, even if water leaks into the top of the support rail 4 for fixing the roof plate unit 3 through the hole of the fastener 8, it is entirely received inside the box-shaped support rail 4 and immediately reaches the eaves. As it is drained, it does not leak into the room. Further, in the roof system composed of the roof plate unit 3, the support rails 4 and the waterproof plate 5, a proper ventilation layer is formed on the inner surface, so that the back surface of the roof plate is always kept in the air flow and is in a dry state. It is useful for heat insulation, soundproofing, and prevention of dew condensation, and since it does not contain moisture, it can protect roofing boards and base materials from corrosion. In addition to the above-mentioned mounting method, the roof plate unit 3 can be used in the same manner as in the conventional construction method, in which it is directly attached to a ground plate or the like. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the heat insulating material 12 is inserted while the pedestal 1 and the roof plate 2 are assembled, and it has the effect of increasing the heat insulating performance of the roof plate unit 3. The structure of the roof plate unit shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 is that the four sides of the metal plate are folded down to a predetermined width,
c, the two side surfaces facing each other are further horizontally extended outward and stopped at a predetermined position, and the other side is raised upward at a right angle from the predetermined position to form a fixing portion 10a which also serves as a drainage groove. A holding piece 10b for horizontally fixing the heat insulating material is formed inward of the fixing portion of. A metal roof plate unit 10 is constructed by setting a filler 11 that also serves as a heat insulating material in the back space formed in this way. Since the filler closely adheres to the back surface of the metal roof plate and is stable, the effect of increasing the buckling strength is given to the entire metal roof plate, and the metal roof plate unit 10 that is light and durable, has excellent heat insulation and sound insulation can be obtained. Since the metal material appears on the surface of the roof plate, the texture and beauty of the metal plate can be expressed. For the pedestal of the roof panel unit, a zinc plated steel sheet, a metal sheet such as aluminum or stainless steel, a plastic, or a synthetic resin product such as vinyl chloride is used. Ceramic materials such as tiles, bricks, slate, and stone plates are used for the roof plate body. The support rail is made of zinc-plated steel plate, aluminum, stainless steel or other material.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 3 are pedestal side views, FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 are roof plate unit side views, FIG. 5 is the same plan view, FIG. 6 is a support rail sectional view, and FIG. 7 is a joint sectional view. , Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the waterproof board, Fig. 9, Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 are sectional views showing a roof plate unit mounting embodiment, Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the roof plate unit with heat insulating material, and Fig. 13 is Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the metal roof plate unit, Fig. 14 is the same plan view, and Fig. 15 is a plan view showing a roof plate unit mounting embodiment. 1 ... Pedestal, 1a ... Latching piece, 1b ... Fixed part, 2 ... Roof plate, 2
a …… Mating groove, 3 …… Roof plate unit, 4 …… Support rail, 4a
...... Substrate, 4b ...... Flange, 4c ...... Drainer, 5 ...... Waterproof plate, 5a
…… Water return, 6 …… Fitting, 6a …… Fitting groove, 7 …… Seal material, 8
...... Stoppers, 9 …… Base structure part, 10 …… Metal roof plate unit, 10 a …… Fixed part, 10 b …… Holding piece, 10 c …… Metal plate side part, 11 …… Filling material, 12 …… Insulation Material.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pedestal in which a flat plate is formed by erecting up the entire length of two opposite sides and bending an upper part inward to form a hooking piece 1a, and further forming a groove type fixing portion 1b continuously in an outward direction. 1 and
A structure of a roof plate unit 3 which is fitted and fixed together with a structure in which a fitting groove 2a that matches a hooking piece is provided over the entire length of both sides of the roof plate 2. 2. A rafter tree to which the roof plate unit 3 according to claim 1 is attached, wherein the upper side of the board 4a having a predetermined width is provided with two protrusions at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the surface. The structure of the support rail 4 with a box-shaped cross section, which is formed by having a flange 4b that covers and projects to the left and right. 3. The roof plate and the support rails according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the support rails 4 are parallel to each other, are equally spaced, and a plurality of lines are fixed to the base structure portion 9 with a metal fitting, and between them. A waterproof roof is prepared by installing a waterproof plate 5 on the entire surface, and the roof plate unit 3 is fixed to the top of the supporting rail 4 with a stopper 8 to make a completely waterproof roof. Roof structure.