JPH0833093B2 - How to drill rocks - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for efficiently drilling rock or reinforced concrete with a drilling rod.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, for example, when a blast hole or the like is drilled in the rock in the horizontal direction, the drilling rod having a cutting bit at the tip is tapped while rotating to punch the hole, and from the rod tip surface through the rod. The drilling work is performed while the cutting dust generated during the drilling is discharged backward by the ejected water.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, according to such a boring method, the boring rod generally has a structure in which a large-diameter head having a cutting bit is integrally provided at the tip of a small-diameter rod. When the water is ejected backward from the rod tip surface, it passes with a large flow velocity when flowing through the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter head and the peripheral wall of the drilled hole, but from the large diameter head to the small diameter. When flowing out to the rod side, the space between the small diameter rod and the hole wall becomes large, so that the flow velocity sharply decreases and the water flows out backward while collecting water at the bottom of the hole wall. When the starch powder is deposited on the bottom of the hole wall and the rod is pulled out, the starch powder bites between the large-diameter head and the hole wall, which not only roughens the hole wall but also makes it difficult to pull out the rod.

For this reason, if the pressure of the water jetted from the tip surface of the large-diameter head is increased to increase the flow velocity, it is possible to expel the chestnut powder while pushing it backward by the water flow. The velocity of the water flow flowing through the gap between the hole and the peripheral wall of the drilling hole increases significantly, and the flow impact force and sliding contact action of the boring powder on the hole's peripheral wall increase, especially in the case of rock mass with many joints. There are problems such as a large amount of collapse and roughness, which makes it difficult to charge the blast hole.

In order to solve such a problem, in recent years, a foaming agent is supplied together with compressed air to a hose that is connected to and communicates with a piercing rod, and the foam foamed in the hose is sent out together with air into the perforation hole to form the foam. A method has been developed in which the powder is attached to the ground and discharged backward by the air flow, but it is difficult to adjust the mixing ratio of the foaming agent and air, and not only the generated foam becomes non-uniform Since the foaming agent of the undiluted solution is foamed, there arises a problem that the pore wall is roughened when the foam becomes a foam having an extremely large surface tension and the powder is discharged to the rear in a state where the foam is attached to the foam. become. further,
Even if the bubbles are sent into the drilling hole together with air, there is almost no cooling effect on the cutting bit, and there is a problem that durability of the cutting bit and drilling efficiency are lowered.

The present invention provides a method for boring rock or the like for the purpose of solving such problems.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the method of boring rock etc. of the present invention is such that a foaming agent is mixed with compressed air when a horizontal hole is bored in the rock etc. by a boring rod having a bit at the tip. Then, the foaming agent is diluted by mixing water with the drilling rod side and mixing it with water on the way of the pressure feeding, and the diluted foaming agent is blown out from the rod tip surface through the inside of the drilling rod to be foamed, and the bubbles form the bedrock. It is characterized in that the cutting powder such as is discharged backward.

[Action]

While drilling a hole in rock etc. with a cutting bit drilled on the tip surface of the large-diameter head of the drilling rod, the foaming agent is mixed in the compressed air to send it to the drilling rod side while When water is mixed to dilute the foaming agent, and the diluent foaming agent is jetted from the rod tip surface toward the cutting surface through the perforated rod, compressed air is released under atmospheric pressure and expands, The foaming agent foams to generate bubbles. At this time, the foaming agent was diluted with water and increased in quantity, so when it was jetted from the rod tip surface with compressed air, it became a fine mist and numerous bubbles were generated, which were cut by the bit. A large amount of rock powder such as bedrock is wrapped in the bubbles or attached to the bubble surfaces.

Furthermore, since the bubbles are formed by foaming a foaming agent diluted with water, the bubbles have a relatively small surface tension,
Therefore, when the air bubbles are discharged backward through the narrow gap between the large-diameter portion of the cutting bit and the hole wall by the air flow in the state of containing or adhering the boring powder, it is possible to easily shrink and roughen the hole wall. Absent.

Further, since the foaming agent is jetted from the rod tip surface through the inside of the drilling rod together with water and compressed air, the cutting bit is cooled by water, and the durability of the cutting bit and the drilling efficiency can be improved. is there. It should be noted that the amount of water used may be such that the foaming agent is diluted and the cutting bit is cooled, and it is not necessary to use a large amount of water required to discharge the dust as in the conventional case. .

Since this water is supplied while the foaming agent is mixed in the compressed air and pressure-fed to the drilling rod side, it is necessary to cool the cutting bit according to the cutting conditions such as the rotation speed of the cutting bit. The amount of water can be supplied, and the amount of bubbles that change depending on the amount of water mixed during cutting can be adjusted according to the amount of cut powder to be cut. Since the quality depends on the quality, the surface tension of the bubbles can be immediately adjusted in accordance with the size of the powder.

〔Example〕

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in the case of forming a blast hole (b) in the bedrock (a).

As a perforating device, as is well known, a supporting member (1) supports a perforating rod (2) so as to be rotatable and movable back and forth,
The piercing rod (2) is rotated by a motor (3) installed on the support member (1) and the hammer body (4) is operated via a drive mechanism such as a motor.
A blast hole (b) is formed in the bedrock (a) by hitting the rear end face of the rock.

The piercing rod (2) has a large-diameter head (2b) integrally formed at the tip of the small-diameter rod portion (2a), and a cutting bit (5) on the tip surface of the large-diameter head (2b). A protrusion is provided, and further, a flow hole (6) is formed in the center of the small-diameter rod portion (2a) from the rear end portion to the leading end surface of the large-diameter head portion (2b).

A foaming agent supply pipe (7) having a valve (8) is connected to and communicated with the rear end of the flow hole (6), and a compressed air supply pipe is connected to the foaming agent supply pipe (7). (10) is connected, and the foaming agent supply port of the foaming agent-containing closed container (9) is connected and communicated with the compressed air supply pipe (10) at an appropriate position. The water supply pipe (11) is connected to the foaming agent supply pipe (7) at an appropriate position between the valves (8). (12) is a valve provided in the water supply pipe (11).

As the foaming agent, sodium alkyl sulfonate, alkyl ether sulfate ester salt, sodium lauryl ether sulfate ester and the like are used.

In order to form the blast hole (b) in the rock mass (a) by the device configured as described above, the rear end face is tapped by the hammer body (4) while rotating the piercing rod (2), and the piercing rod (2) is pierced. The blast hole (b) is to be formed by the cutting bit (5) of the large diameter head (2b).
Compressed air is fed to the compressed air supply pipe (10) and a foaming agent is fed from the container (9) into the compressed air supply pipe (10).

In this case, the foaming agent contained in the container (9) is sucked by the flow of the compressed air flowing through the container (9) at the time of passage and mixed with the compressed air in an appropriate amount. Good.

The compressed air mixed with the foaming agent in this way is pressure-fed to the flow hole (6) through the foaming agent supply pipe (7) through the opened valve (8), and further on the way to reach the flow hole (6). An appropriate amount of water is supplied from the water supply pipe (11) to the foaming agent supply pipe (7), and the foaming agent in the compressed air is diluted to an appropriate concentration.

Further, the foaming agent diluted with water passes through the flow hole (6) in the drilling rod (2) by the flow of compressed air, and from the tip surface of the large diameter head (2b) of the drilling rod (2). When jetting toward the innermost cutting surface of the blast hole being drilled in the rock, the compressed air is released under the atmospheric pressure and expands, and the foaming agent mixed in the compressed air foams.

At this time, since the foaming agent is diluted with water and increased in quantity, compressed air blows into a fine mist from the tip surface of the perforating rod (2) to generate numerous bubbles (c). Will be done. Further, the cutting bit (5) is cooled by the water that dilutes the foaming agent, and efficient drilling work can be performed without reducing the cutting ability of the bit (5).

In this way, the countless bubbles (c) ejected from the tip surface of the drill rod (2) wrap the rock powder (d) cut by the cutting bit (5), or the powder (d). Becomes attached to the air bubbles (c), and in that state is discharged backward through the gap between the tip large diameter head (2b) of the drilling rod (2) and the peripheral wall of the hole (b) being drilled by the flow of compressed air. (See FIG. 2).

At this time, since the bubbles (c) are formed by foaming the foaming agent diluted with water as described above, the surface tension of the bubbles (c) is relatively small. Large diameter head (2b) and hole (b) of piercing rod (2)
When passing through the gap between the peripheral walls of the air bubbles (c), the air bubbles (c) pass smoothly while contracting according to the gap, and are further pressure-fed to the rear small-diameter rod portion (2a) side from this gap, compressed air is generated. However, since the powder (d) adheres to or is wrapped in the air bubbles (c), it does not settle on the bottom surface of the perforation hole (b) and along the peripheral wall of the hole (b). It is discharged backward by the flow of compressed air.

In the above examples, the case where the blast hole (b) is bored in the bedrock (a) has been described, but also in the case where the hole is bored by the piercing rod (2) in a structure such as reinforced concrete, Similar effects can be achieved by using the method of the present invention.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the rock drilling method of the present invention, when a horizontal hole is drilled in the rock rock by a drilling rod having a bit at the tip, a foaming agent is mixed with compressed air. The foaming agent is diluted by mixing it with water while being pressure-fed to the drilling rod side, and the diluted foaming agent is jetted from the rod tip surface through the drilling rod to cause foaming of rocks etc. Since it is characterized by discharging cutting chips backwardly, the foaming agent is diluted with water and is increasing in quantity, so when sprayed with compressed air from the tip of the rod, it produces a fine mist. As a result, an infinite number of bubbles can be generated, and therefore, a large amount of powdered rock such as rock cut by a bit can be wrapped with the infinite number of bubbles or reliably attached to the surface of the bubbles.

Further, since the bubbles are formed by foaming a foaming agent diluted with water, the surface tension of the bubbles is relatively small,
Therefore, when the air bubbles are discharged to the rear through the narrow gap between the large diameter portion of the cutting bit and the hole wall by the air flow in the state of containing or adhering the boring powder, it easily contracts and smoothly flows through the gap. In addition, it is possible to prevent the wall of the hole from being roughened or collapsed, and it is possible to smoothly and surely perform the charging such as the blasting into the hole after the crushing.

In addition, the flow velocity of the air bubbles decreases when the air passes through the gap and is discharged to the small-diameter rod portion side of the perforation rod, but because the dust powder adheres to or is wrapped in the air bubbles, it precipitates on the bottom surface of the perforation hole. Can be reliably discharged along the peripheral wall of the hole, and therefore, there is no possibility that the dust powder bites into the rod at the time of pulling out the drill rod from the hole after drilling. It is possible to prevent damage to the hole wall and the rod, and to easily and quickly remove the rod.

Further, during the drilling work, the cutting bit can be cooled by the water that dilutes the foaming agent, so that the efficient drilling work can be performed without lowering the cutting ability of the bit, Moreover, the amount of water used is small enough to dilute the foaming agent and cool the cutting bit.

Furthermore, since this water is supplied while the foaming agent is mixed in the compressed air and pressure-fed to the drilling rod side, it is possible to cool the cutting bit depending on the cutting conditions such as the rotation speed of the cutting bit. The required amount of water can be supplied, and the amount of bubbles that change depending on the amount of water mixed during cutting can be adjusted according to the amount of cut powder that is cut. The surface tension of the bubbles can be adjusted by adjusting the mixing amount of the water so as to be suitable for the size and amount.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical cross-sectional side view showing a punched state, and FIG. 2 is a simplified enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining a discharged state of the dust powder during punching. (2) …… Perforated rod, (2a) …… Small diameter rod, (2
b) …… Large head, (5) …… Cutting bit, (6) ……
Circulation hole, (7) ... foaming agent supply pipe, (9) ... foaming agent containing closed container, (10) ... compressed air supply pipe, (11) ... water supply pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When drilling a horizontal hole in a rock or the like with a drilling rod having a bit at its tip, a foaming agent is mixed with compressed air to pressure-feed it to the drilling rod side and during the pressure feeding. Characterized by diluting the foaming agent by mixing water, and by blowing out this diluted foaming agent from the tip of the rod through the inside of the perforated rod to foam it, and to discharge the cutting powder of rock etc. backward by the bubbles. How to drill rocks.