JPH083312B2 - Electric shutter braking device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an electric shutter for fire protection mainly installed in a fire prevention area, and its purpose is to brake an electric shutter in an emergency such as a fire. A braking device for an electric shutter, which is opened without using a brake releasing device specially attached to the electric shutter to perform a rapid closing of the shutter and which can be used as a normal crime prevention shutter under normal conditions. To provide.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, an electric shutter installed in a fireproof area in a building is ordered by a warning device such as an alarm device that detects smoke or heat to separate the fireproof area from other areas when a fire occurs. The brake is opened and automatically closed by an operating brake opening device. The brake opening device is generally attached to a shutter opening / closing device that drives a winding drum of a shutter, and the structure thereof will be described with reference to FIG. 5 together with the structure of the shutter opening / closing device. Reference numeral 1 denotes a shutter opening / closing device (hereinafter, simply referred to as an opening / closing device) for driving a winding drum of a shutter (not shown), 2 denotes a case of the opening / closing device 1, and an electric motor 3 for driving the winding drum, an electromagnetic magnet 4 inside. Are housed and fixed at positions on the same axis with a required space. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotor shaft of an electric motor, one of which is connected to a winding drum through a transmission mechanism, and the other of which is pierced through a hollow portion of the electromagnetic magnet 4 and supported by an end portion of the case 2. 6
Is a brake disc fixed to the rotor shaft 5 between the electric motor 3 and the electromagnetic magnet 4, 7 is a brake liner extended to the brake disc 6, and 8 is the electromagnetic magnet 4
Is a mounting tube that fits in the inner space of the rotor shaft 5 and loosely fits the rotor shaft 5.
The flex drum 9 is fixed to the end of the mounting cylinder 8 protruding toward the brake disc 6, and the brake release lever 10 is attached to the end protruding toward the opposite side, and the lower end of the brake releasing lever 10 is attached to the case 2. It is loosely fitted in a state in which it protrudes to the outside. Reference numeral 11 is a detent pin of the brake drum 9, 12 is a contact plate fixed to the end of the mounting cylinder 8 into which the brake release lever 10 is loosely fitted, and 13 is a braking coil spring provided on the outer periphery of the mounting cylinder 8 in a loose fitting manner. so,
The brake drum 9 is constantly pressed and urged toward the brake disc 6. Reference numeral 14 is a brake release device attached to the lower side of the switchgear 1, and reference numeral 15 is a brake release rod which is connected to a brake release lever 10 projecting from a lower end of the case 2 and reciprocates along the axial direction of the case 2, Is an L-shaped lever, the bent portion of which is pivotally attached to the brake release rod 15, the lower end of the vertical portion is pivotally supported by the plunger 17 of the solenoid 16a, and the locking pin 18 is attached to the tip of the horizontal portion. , This locking pin 18 to the base plate
The engagement plate 21 attached to 19 is engaged and held by the engagement step portion 21.
Reference numeral 22 is a U-shaped mounting frame mounted on the base plate 19 above the solenoid 16a, and the brake release rod 15 is penetratingly supported by the bent pieces at both ends in the lengthwise direction thereof. twenty three
Is the brake release rod 15 located between the bent pieces of the mounting frame 22.
Is a spring plate that is provided between the stopper plate 23 and one of the bent portions of the mounting frame body 22 for constantly pressing and urging the brake release rod 15 toward the brake release lever 10. 24 are installed. The solenoid 16a is connected to a battery power source (not shown) and is energized to drive the brake release device 14 when the alarm means is activated.

In the opening / closing device 1 and the brake release device 14 having the above-mentioned configuration,
Now, when an emergency such as a fire occurs, an alarm means such as a fire alarm is activated to give an alarm, and at the same time, the solenoid 16a of the brake release device 14 is energized from a battery power source in response to a command from the alarm means. Excited by the plunger 17
5 is sucked to the left in FIG. 5 and the L-shaped lever 16 is rotated clockwise around its pivot point, and the locking pin 18 provided at the end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped lever 16 is locked by the locking plate 20. When the brake release rod 15 is disengaged from the engagement step portion 21, the elastic force of the spring member 24 moves to the right in FIG. 5 and pushes the brake release lever 10 counterclockwise. That is, since the upper end of the brake release lever 10 that is loosely fitted to the mounting cylinder 8 is bent in a dogleg shape, the brake cylinder is pivoted counterclockwise with the bent portion serving as a fulcrum to move the mounting cylinder 8 to the fifth position. By moving the brake drum 9 to the right in the figure, the brake drum 9 pressed against the brake disc 6 via the brake liner 7 is separated from the brake disc 6 to release the brake of the switch 1. In this way, when a fire or the like occurs, the brake releasing device 14 operates in response to the operation of the alarm means, automatically releases the brake of the opening / closing machine 1 and causes the shutter wound on the winding drum to move by its own weight. Let it fall naturally and automatically close the fireproof area.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

As described above, the brake opening device that opens the brake of the electric shutter and automatically closes the shutter when a fire occurs includes a solenoid for operating the brake in an emergency. This solenoid is normally operated by energization from a battery power source in response to a command from a warning device such as a fire alarm. However, in recent years, with the increase in the number of buildings and the subdivision of huge spaces such as warehouses, the demand for fire-prevention shutters has increased to protect people and things from damage due to fire, and the number of installed fire shutters is very large. Has become. Therefore, for example, as a building rises in height, the cable for connecting the solenoid of each brake release device inevitably becomes long.

For this reason, in the battery power source for operating the solenoids, the range of the supplied power increases as the number of the solenoids increases, and in particular, at a terminal far from the power supply source, an adverse effect such as voltage drop occurs. There is a possibility that a solenoid will be activated, which may become inoperable in an emergency, and this may cause the brake release device to not operate, making it impossible to close the shutter.
In order to eliminate this drawback, measures such as increasing the number of emergency power supplies such as battery power supplies or preparing special large batteries etc. can be considered, but this only increases the battery installation space. In addition, there is a problem in that maintenance is time-consuming and uneconomical.

In addition, the switch must be equipped with a brake release device to release the brake in an emergency. But,
Since this brake release device is installed to achieve the purpose of only releasing the brake of the switch in an emergency, the number of man-hours for assembling the electric shutter and the use thereof are increased, together with the addition of the emergency power source such as the battery. There is a problem that the number of parts increases and the manufacturing cost rises, and the installation cost also increases.

In view of the above problems, the present invention makes it possible to automatically release the brake of the shutter opening / closing device without using the brake opening device of the shutter opening / closing device that operates in response to the alarm means in an emergency such as a fire. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a braking device for an electric shutter that can be economically manufactured with a simple structure that can perform a braking function quickly and reliably even in a normal state.

[Means for Solving the Invention]

The present invention uses a brake drum made of a permanent magnet for a brake device of a shutter opening / closing device that forms a main part of an electric shutter, and an electromagnetic magnet that attracts this brake drum when the brake is opened is energized. An energization control means is connected to switch the direction (polarity) of the electric current, and the energization control means supplies a first electric power for performing emergency energization for releasing the brake to the electromagnetic magnet according to a command from the alarm means in an emergency. Means and second power supply means for normally energizing the electromagnetic magnet by braking the electromagnetic magnet by shutting off the power switch after the shutter is moved up and down. The polarity of the power from the second power supply means can be switched between the case of an emergency such as a fire and the case of normal use. The magnetic magnet is energized so that the brake drum made of a permanent magnet is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet or, conversely, is repulsed and moved to the brake wheel side. The operation is as follows. .

[Action]

According to the present invention, the first and second energization supply means incorporated in the energization control means of the electromagnetic magnet are always kept in a state of storing electric power, and when the alarm means operates due to a fire or the like, the alarm means is activated. Command to close the energizing circuit of the first power supply means to supply the power stored in the first power supply means to the electromagnetic magnet to excite the electromagnetic magnet and brake the brake drum made of a permanent magnet. Adsorbed to the electromagnetic magnet from the disc side to release the braking of the shutter opening and closing, and automatically close the shutter,
When the shutter is lifted up and down in a normal state and the brake is applied to it, the energization circuit of the second power supply means is closed after the energization from the AC current to the shutter switch is cut off. , The power stored in the second power supply means is applied to an electromagnetic magnet in a direction to repel the brake drum attracted to the electromagnetic magnet, and the brake drum made of a permanent magnet is pushed toward the brake disk side. The shutter opening / closing mechanism is specially equipped with a mechanical brake releasing device that automatically releases the brake in an emergency such as a fire. The power of the power supply means to the electromagnetic magnet can be switched by switching the polarity as needed without installing it on the shutter. Key to open, and, in the case of brakes after the shutter operation in the normal also, is characterized in that to be able to brake the shutter opener at the same operation.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 30 denotes an electric shutter 30 equipped with the braking device of the present invention.
The left and right ends of the part are fitted and supported by a pair of left and right guide rails 32, 33 standing upright in a fireproof area or the like so as to be vertically movable. Reference numeral 34 denotes a shutter case mounted on the ceiling of a building or the like in which the electric shutter 30 is installed. Inside, a winding drum (not shown) is normally and reversely rotated to wind and rewind the shutter 31, and the shutter 31 is released. A shutter opening / closing device 35 that raises / lowers from the case 34 and opens / closes the installation location of the electric shutter 30 is housed. 36 is a shutter opener
It is a switch box to which 35 power switches and the like are attached.

Next, the structure of the shutter opening / closing device (hereinafter, simply referred to as an opening / closing device) 35 of the electric shutter 30 including the braking device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, 37 is a case of the shutter opening / closing machine 35, and an electric motor for driving a winding drum (not shown) inside.
The braking device, which will be described later, includes the 38 and the annular electromagnetic magnet 39.
It is housed and fixed at a position on the same line with 40 interposed.
The braking device 40 is an electric motor 38 rotatably drivingly connected to the winding drum of the shutter 31 via a transmission mechanism.
The rotor disc 41 has a brake disc 42 fixed to face the electromagnetic magnet 39, and a detent pin 43 protruding from an attraction surface 39a of the iron core portion of the electromagnetic magnet 39 facing the brake disc 42. And an annular brake drum 44 made of a permanent magnet fitted and held slidably on the side of the brake disk 42, and between the brake disk 42 and the brake drum 44. On the brake disc 42 side, an annular brake liner 45 having excellent wear resistance is spread.

Next, an energization control circuit A for controlling energization to the switch 35.
The configuration will be described with reference to the electric circuit diagram shown in FIG.

In FIG. 4, the electric motor 38 includes a power switch 45, a relay switch R ₀ that operates when the shutter is normally moved up and down, and a changeover switch 46 for switching between forward / reverse rotation of the electric motor 38 (up and down of the shutter 31). It is connected to the AC power supply AC while being connected to. Reference numeral 47 is an emergency energizing circuit for energizing the electromagnetic magnet 39 in the event of an emergency such as a fire. This circuit 47 is a first power supply means for supplying electric power to the electromagnetic magnet 39 in an emergency to operate the electromagnetic magnet 39. For example, it is energized by the electrolytic capacitor C ₁ and the drive power source BT of the alarm means Z that senses smoke or heat and notifies it.
One terminal b of the c-contacts r _1c and R _1c ′ with the c-contacts R _1c and R _1c ′ of the relay switch R _{1 being} turned on and off connected in series
Side is connected to an AC power source AC via rectifying elements D ₁ and D _2, and the other terminal a side of the c contacts R _1c and R _1c ′ is an electromagnetic magnet 39.
, And each c contact of the relay switch R ₁
Between the terminals a and b of R _1c and R _1c ′, _normally open contacts R _01a and R _02a of the relay switch R ₀ are bypass-connected, respectively.

Reference numeral 48 is a normal-time energizing circuit for energizing the electromagnetic magnet 39 after the shutter 31 is stopped moving up and down during normal operation.
This circuit 48 is provided with a second power supply means for supplying power to the electromagnetic magnet 39 to operate it immediately after the shutter 31 is stopped, for example, an electrolytic capacitor C ₂ and a power switch.
45 side of the relay switch R ₀ of c-contact R _0c, 'in a state in which the connected in series, the c-contact R _0c, R _0c' R _0c connect one terminal b of the electromagnet 39, the c-contact The terminals a of R _0c and R _0c ′ are connected to an AC power supply AC via a rectifying element D ₁ , respectively, and further, between one c contact R _0c ′ of the relay switch R ₀ and the electromagnetic magnet 39, It is configured by connecting the normally closed contacts R _1b of the relay switch R ₁ in series.

And a switch 35 attached to the electric shutter 30
(Only one unit is shown in the drawing) is provided with the energization control circuit A described above, and when a plurality of electric shutters 30 are installed in a fireproof area, each switch 35 ... As shown, the energization control circuits A, B ... N are provided, and these are connected in parallel to the AC power supply AC for use. Further, in accordance with the above, the relay switches R ₁ , R ₂ and R _{n, which} are turned on and off by being energized from the driving power source BT by the operation of the alarm means Z, also have their c contacts R _1c and R _1c ′.
And the normally-closed contacts R _1b are inserted and connected to the respective energization control circuits A, B, ... N, so that the energization control circuits A, B.
The same number as N is provided and connected in parallel to the driving power source BT of the alarm means Z via the alarm means Z, and each of the relay switches is connected.
A timer circuit T ₁ , T ₂ , T _n is connected in series between R ₁ , R _2, ... R _n , and after a certain time (for example, 0.5 seconds) elapses after the relay switch R ₁ is excited, the relay The switch R ₁ is deenergized, and the relay timer R ₂ is excited by energizing the next timer circuit T _{2 from} the driving power source BT.

 Next, the operation will be described.

As long as the AC power supply AC is energized, the energization control circuits A, B ... N that drive and control the switch 35 of the electric shutter 30
In the electrolytic capacitor C ₁ inserted and connected to the emergency energizing circuit 47, the C contacts R _1c and R _1c ′ of the relay switches R ₁ , R ₂ ... R _n are switched to the b terminal side, so that the AC power supply AC The direct current rectified by the rectifying elements D ₁ and D ₂ is constantly energized to keep the capacitor C ₁ in a charged state. Further, when the electric shutter 30 is a fireproof shutter, the shutter 31 is normally wound and opened.

In such a state, when an emergency situation such as a fire occurs now and the alarm means Z operates and an alarm is issued, the first relay switch R _{1 is} activated by energization from the drive power source BT of the alarm means Z.
Is excited, and the c contact R _1c in the first energization control circuit A,
_Switch R _1c ′ to terminal a and open normally closed contact R _1b . Therefore, the energizing circuit of the electromagnetic magnet 39 is closed, and the electric power charged in the electrolytic capacitor C ₁ is immediately energized to excite the electromagnetic magnet 39. On this occasion,
Since the normally closed contact R _1b of the relay switch R ₁ is open, the current of the electrolytic capacitor C ₁ does not flow to the current-carrying circuit 48 in the normal state. Further, since the brake drum 44 is attracted to the brake disc 42 until the electromagnetic magnet 39 is energized, the electric power energized to the electromagnetic magnet 39 is obtained by a method of attracting the brake drum 44, that is, the attracting surface of the electromagnetic magnet 39. For example, an N pole magnetic pole is generated in 39a in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 4, and the brake drum (the electromagnetic magnet side of this brake drum is the S pole) 44 is attached to the attracting surface 39a of the electromagnetic magnet 39. Adsorb and release the braking device 40 as shown in FIG. As a result, the opening / closing mechanism 35 is released from the braking, and the shutter 31 is naturally lowered from the shutter case 34 by its own weight to automatically close the electric shutter 30. When the timer circuit T ₁ shown in FIG. 4 closes after a lapse of a certain time (about 0.5 seconds) from the start of energization from the driving power source BT, the second relay switch R ₂ is excited by the energization from the driving power source BT (first Relay switch R ₁ is deenergized and its normally closed contact
Close R _1b and return the C contacts R _1c and R _1c ′ to their original positions. ) Second
The energization control circuit B is operated in the same manner as the first energization control circuit A, the brake of the switch having the energization control circuit B is released, and the electric shutter is automatically closed. As described above, the relay switch R _{2 is} activated by the operation of the alarm means Z.
...... R _n are sequentially excited, sequentially continuously closing the electric shutter installed in fire zone, prevent accidents caused by fire to a minimum.

Subsequently, when the shutter 31 which has dropped due to the occurrence of the emergency is returned to the normal state and then wound up on the winding drum and accommodated in the shutter case, the changeover switch 46 is switched to the direction in which the shutter 31 is raised in FIG. Then, when the power switch 45 is turned on, the relay switch R ₀ is excited to close the _normally open contacts R _01a and R _02a and switch the c contacts R _0c and R _0c ′ to the a terminal side. Therefore, the electromagnetic magnet 39 is energized from the AC power source AC via the _normally open contacts R _01a and R _02a of the relay switch R ₀ , continues to _attract the brake drum 44, and opens the braking device 40 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the electric motor 38 is activated, the shutter 31 is wound around a winding drum (not shown), and the electric shutter 30 is opened. All the electric shutters 30 closed in an emergency are opened by the above operation. During normal operation or during operation of the electric shutter 30, the electrolytic capacitors C ₁ and C ₂ are connected to the AC power source AC.
Is energized to rectify and charge the rectifying elements D ₁ and D ₂ . When the power switch 45 is cut off at the time when the shutter 31 is wound up, the electric motor 38 is stopped and the power supply to the electromagnetic magnet 39 is cut off. However, since the brake drum 44 is provided by the permanent magnet, the attraction surface 39a is not changed until the polarity of the electromagnetic magnet is switched.
Is adsorbed on. When the electric power to the electric motor 38 is cut off, the relay switch R ₀ is de-energized, so that the normally open contacts R _01a and R _02a in the emergency energizing circuit 47 are opened and the c contact R in the normal energizing circuit 48 is opened. _{Both 0c} and R _0c 'are switched to the b terminal side. Therefore, the closed energizing circuit of the electromagnetic magnet 39, a state power charged in the electrolytic capacitor C ₂ is the case when energized emergency from the electrolytic capacitor C ₁ to the electromagnet 39 in the opposite direction, switching the polarity With electromagnetic magnet 39
It is energized to excite this. That is, the electromagnetic magnet 39
Current flows in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG.
The magnetic pole of the attraction surface 39a of 39 is switched from the N pole to the S pole.
Therefore, since the brake drum 44 attracted to the attraction surface 39a of the electromagnetic magnet 39 has the S pole on the electromagnetic magnet 39 side, the polarity of the electromagnetic magnet 39 is N →
By being switched to the S pole, it repels rapidly and moves to the side of the brake disk 42, and is attracted to this to operate the braking device 40. That is, the shutter is braked on the switch 35.
Prevents 31 from falling naturally.

Further, when the shutter 31 is lowered in the normal state, when the power switch 45 is turned on after the changeover switch 46 is operated, as described above, a current flows in the direction indicated by the arrow X in the electromagnetic magnet 39. Since the magnetic pole of 39a becomes the N pole, the brake drum 44 can be separated from the brake disc 42 and adsorbed to release the braking of the braking device 40, so that the electric motor 38 can be immediately activated and the shutter 31 can be lowered. Since the operation of the braking device 40 after the shutter 31 is lowered is the same as that described above, the description thereof will be omitted.

The present invention can be realized even if a rechargeable battery is used instead of the electrolytic capacitors C ₁ and C _{2 serving} as the _first and second power supply means.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the brake drum attracted to the brake disc of the braking device is provided with a permanent magnet, and the electromagnetic magnet for attracting and releasing the brake drum to operate the braking device is an electric shutter. In the case of an emergency such as a fire, or after the operation of the electric shutter, the energization control means including the first and second power supply means capable of storing electric power when operating in the normal state is connected. In the above, by supplying electric power from the first and second electric power supply means to the electromagnetic magnet to operate the braking device, it is possible to release or apply braking to the shutter opening / closing device. Since it does not require a special brake release device for releasing the brake of the shutter opening and closing machine in an emergency, unlike the conventional case, the shutter opening and closing In addition to being economically manufactured with a simple structure, the first and second power supply means store electric power in a normal state, and after opening the braking device and operating the electric shutter in an emergency, the braking device is operated. Since it only requires the power to be used for braking the motor, the braking device for the electric shutter can be operated with a small amount of power. In addition, since the brake drum of the braking device uses a permanent magnet, it does not require any special driving means to maintain or release the braking force of the braking device, but only changes the energizing direction to the electromagnetic magnet for quick and reliable operation. Therefore, the reliability can be remarkably improved in combination with the economical manufacturing of the braking device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an electric shutter provided with a braking device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of the braking device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of the same in which the braking device is opened. Figure,
FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a shutter opening / closing device provided with a conventional braking device. 35 …… Shutter opener, 40 …… Brake device, 42 …… Brake disc, 44 …… Brake drum, 47 …… Emergency energizing circuit, 48 …… Normal energizing circuit, A, B …… N, energizing control Circuit, C ₁ , C ₂ ... First and second power supply means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electric shutter in which a braking device for a shutter opening / closing device is operated by attracting / releasing movements of an electromagnetic magnet, and a brake fixed to a rotor shaft of the electric motor on an attracting surface side of the electromagnetic magnet. A first power supply means for slidably mounting a brake drum made of a permanent magnet between the disc and the electromagnetic magnet and energizing the electromagnetic magnet in an emergency between the electromagnetic magnet and the AC power source. An energization control means including an emergency energization circuit including a power supply device and a normal-time energization circuit including a second power supply means for energizing the electromagnetic magnet with electric power charged during operation of the shutter is connected, In an emergency, the first power supply means energizes the electromagnetic magnet to attract the brake drum to release the braking. Braking device for an electric shutter, characterized in that so as to brake and release the brake drum by energizing the second power supply means after each operation of the coater to the electromagnet.