JPH084718B2 - Liquid separation device - Google Patents
Liquid separation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH084718B2 JPH084718B2 JP5085787A JP5085787A JPH084718B2 JP H084718 B2 JPH084718 B2 JP H084718B2 JP 5085787 A JP5085787 A JP 5085787A JP 5085787 A JP5085787 A JP 5085787A JP H084718 B2 JPH084718 B2 JP H084718B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- warp
- permeated water
- permeate
- yarn
- flow channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、種々の液体の濃縮または濾過処理に使用さ
れる液体分離装置に係り、特に半透膜内に透過水の流路
を形成する透過水流路部材を備えた液体分離装置に関す
る。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid separation device used for concentrating or filtering various liquids, and particularly to forming a flow path of permeated water in a semipermeable membrane. The present invention relates to a liquid separation device including a permeate flow channel member.
従来、半透膜を用いて液体の分離・濃縮を行う液体分
離装置の膜エレメントは、種々公知であり（特開昭54−
151571号公報，特開昭54−17383号公報，特開昭60−347
02号公報）、スパイラル型膜エレメントもその中の１つ
である。Conventionally, various membrane elements of a liquid separation device for separating and concentrating a liquid using a semipermeable membrane are known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
151571, JP 54-17383, JP 60-347
No. 02), a spiral wound type membrane element is one of them.
このスパイラル型膜エレメントは、第３図にその断面
を示すように、中空管１の周りに半透膜2,3と、その間
に挟まれた透過水流路部材４からなるリーフ５を原水流
路材６を介して螺旋状に巻き付けたものである。原水７
は、第４図に示すように、中空管１に平行に原水流路材
６によつて形成された原水流路を流れるものと、中空管
１に垂直に流入するものとがある。透過水８は、透過水
流路部材４の形成する透過水流路９を中空管１に向つて
流れる。図において、10は半透膜2,3の接着部、11は中
空管１に穿設された多数の小孔で、該小孔11は透過水流
路９と連通している。ここで、半透膜2,3より水が透過
する原動力は、半透膜を介して両側に存在する原水と透
過水の圧力差である。通常、逆浸透の場合は20〜60kg/c
m2、限外濾過で３〜7kg/cm2、精密濾過で１〜3kg/cm2の
圧力差を必要とする。したがつて、リーフ５は外側から
加圧されるため、透過水流路９を形成する透過水流路部
材４を押し潰す圧力がかかる。そこで、透過水流路部材
４は、潰されないように透過水流路部材４自体を剛直化
させて、その圧力に耐えられるようにしている。As shown in the cross section of FIG. 3, this spiral membrane element has a leaf 5 composed of a semipermeable membrane 2 and 3 around a hollow tube 1 and a permeate flow passage member 4 sandwiched between them. It is wound spirally through the road material 6. Raw water 7
As shown in FIG. 4, there are those that flow in the raw water flow path formed by the raw water flow path member 6 in parallel with the hollow tube 1 and those that flow vertically into the hollow tube 1. The permeated water 8 flows through the permeated water flow passage 9 formed by the permeated water flow passage member 4 toward the hollow tube 1. In the figure, 10 is an adhesive portion of the semipermeable membranes 2 and 3, 11 is a large number of small holes formed in the hollow tube 1, and the small holes 11 are in communication with the permeate flow channel 9. Here, the driving force for water to permeate through the semipermeable membranes 2 and 3 is the pressure difference between the raw water and the permeated water existing on both sides through the semipermeable membrane. Usually 20-60 kg / c for reverse osmosis
m 2, 3~7kg / cm 2 by ultrafiltration, requiring a pressure difference of 1 to 3 kg / cm 2 in microfiltration. Therefore, since the leaf 5 is pressed from the outside, pressure is applied to crush the permeate flow channel member 4 forming the permeate flow channel 9. Therefore, the permeate flow channel member 4 is made rigid so as not to be crushed so that it can withstand the pressure.
現在用いられている透過水流路部材４は、第５図およ
び第６図に示すごとく、表面に水の流れる溝を持つトリ
コツト布にメラミン樹脂等を含浸させることで剛直化し
たものである。As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the permeated water flow path member 4 currently used is made rigid by impregnating a tricot cloth having grooves on the surface of which water flows with melamine resin or the like.
ところが、この流路部材４は耐圧性を考慮して密な編
成に形成されているため、透過水流路９内の流動抵抗が
大きいという欠点があつた。逆浸透のように20〜60kg/c
m2の圧力がかかる場合には、１〜2kg/cm2の圧損の影響
は少ないが、比較的低圧下で運転される限外濾過や精密
濾過では、１〜2kg/cm2の圧損は透過量に影響するばか
りでなく、リーフ５中に淀み，死水域等が生じ、透過水
側の二次汚染という問題が生じる。However, since the flow path member 4 is formed into a dense knitting in consideration of pressure resistance, there is a drawback that the flow resistance in the permeate flow path 9 is large. 20-60kg / c like reverse osmosis
When a pressure of m 2 is applied, the effect of pressure loss of 1 to 2 kg / cm 2 is small, but in ultrafiltration and microfiltration operated at relatively low pressure, pressure loss of 1 to 2 kg / cm 2 is transmitted. In addition to affecting the amount, stagnation and dead water areas occur in the reef 5, which causes a problem of secondary pollution on the permeate side.
本発明の目的は、透過水流路内の透過水流動抵抗が小
さく、それでいて耐圧性は低下しない透過水流路部材を
備えた液体分離装置を提供せんとするものである。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid separation device provided with a permeate flow channel member that has a low permeate flow resistance in the permeate flow channel and yet does not have reduced pressure resistance.
半透膜内に透過水流路を形成する透過水流路部材を備
えた液体分離装置において、透過水流路部材が耐圧潰性
の縦糸を複数本束ねて一つのユニツトをなし、各ユニツ
トを隣同士離間させて並設するとともに透過水の流動方
向に延在させ、前記縦糸より小径の横糸にて前記ユニツ
トを織成するとともに個々のユニツトを縛結したもので
ある。In a liquid separation device equipped with a permeate channel member that forms a permeate channel in a semipermeable membrane, the permeate channel member bundles a plurality of pressure-resistant crushable warp yarns into one unit, and separates each unit from the other. The units are laid side by side and extended in the flow direction of the permeated water, and the unit is woven by a weft yarn having a diameter smaller than that of the warp yarn, and the individual units are bound together.
透過水流路部材を耐圧潰性の縦糸および横糸にて織成
することにより耐圧成は低下しない。各ユニツトを透過
水の流動方向に延在するとともに隣同士離間させること
により、透過水流路を大きく採ることができ、さらに横
糸を縦糸より小径とすることにより透過水の流動を妨げ
ず、全体として透過水の流動抵抗が低下する。The pressure resistance is not reduced by weaving the permeate flow channel member with warp and weft threads having pressure resistance. By extending each unit in the flow direction of the permeate and separating them from each other, the permeate flow path can be made large, and by making the weft thread smaller than the warp thread, the flow of the permeate water is not hindered as a whole. Flow resistance of permeate is reduced.
第１図は本発明に係る透過水流路部材の縦糸の端面方
向から観た要部正面図である。耐圧潰性の縦糸が複数本
束ねられて一つのユニツト12を形成している。本実施例
では、一つのユニツト12は、５本の縦糸よりなり、一本
の大径の芯糸13と、この芯糸13を対称中心として配設さ
れ、かつこの芯糸13より小径の４本の側糸14とからな
る。このように構成することにより、各ユニツト12自体
において、縦糸の長手方向に多くの空隙を設けることが
でき、より一層流動抵抗を低下することができる。ユニ
ツト12を３本,4本等の縦糸で形成すると、空隙は幾分か
減少するが、要求される仕様に応じて、いずれを選定す
べきか判断すればよい。FIG. 1 is a front view of an essential part of the permeated water flow path member according to the present invention as viewed from the end face direction of the warp. A plurality of warp-resistant warp yarns are bundled to form one unit 12. In the present embodiment, one unit 12 is composed of five warp yarns, one large diameter core yarn 13 and a core yarn 13 arranged with the core yarn 13 as a center of symmetry and having a diameter smaller than that of the core yarn 13. It consists of the side thread 14 of the book. With such a configuration, in each unit 12 itself, many voids can be provided in the longitudinal direction of the warp yarn, and the flow resistance can be further reduced. When the unit 12 is formed of three or four warp yarns, the voids are somewhat reduced, but it may be determined which one should be selected according to the required specifications.
横糸15は、前記縦糸より小径に形成され、前記各ユニ
ツト12を隣同士離間させて単層に並設させた状態で織成
するとともに、個々のユニツト12をくずれないように縛
結している。このように形成された当該透過水流路部材
４は、縦糸が透過水の流動方向に延圧する向きで半透膜
2,3内に配設されている。したがつて、各ユニツト12間
および各ユニツト12自体の空隙部に透過水流路が直進路
で形成され、この直進路と直交する方向の横糸15は、小
径であることにより透過水の流動抵抗は低下する。本実
施例では、縦糸および横糸共に合成繊維モノフイラメン
トにより形成し、これにより耐圧潰性を満足しうるよう
にするとともに、該モノフイラメント糸自体の表面平滑
性，直線性という性状に基づいて、より一層透過水の流
動抵抗を低下できるようにしている。さらに、縦糸，横
糸自体から不純物が溶出することがないため、高性能な
液体分離装置となる。ここで、縦糸の外径は、芯糸13で
0.15mm、側糸14で0.10mm、横糸15は0.03mmであるが、要
求仕様に応じて適宜変更し、各ユニツト12間の距離も同
様に適宜設定する。The weft yarn 15 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the warp yarn, and is woven in a state in which the units 12 are spaced apart from each other and arranged side by side in a single layer, and the individual units 12 are tied so as not to collapse. . The permeated water flow path member 4 thus formed has a semipermeable membrane in a direction in which the warp extends in the flow direction of the permeated water.
It is arranged in a few. Therefore, the permeate flow path is formed by a straight path in the space between the units 12 and in the void of each unit 12 itself, and the weft thread 15 in the direction orthogonal to the straight path has a small diameter, so that the flow resistance of the permeate is small. descend. In this example, both the warp yarn and the weft yarn are formed of synthetic fiber monofilament so that the crush resistance can be satisfied, and the surface smoothness and linearity of the monofilament yarn itself make The flow resistance of permeated water can be further reduced. Furthermore, since the impurities do not elute from the warp yarns and the weft yarns themselves, the liquid separating device has high performance. Here, the outer diameter of the warp thread is the core thread 13.
0.15 mm, the side thread 14 is 0.10 mm, and the weft thread 15 is 0.03 mm. However, it is appropriately changed according to the required specifications, and the distance between the units 12 is also appropriately set.
次に、作用を特明する。原水と透過水との圧力差に基
づく原動力によつて液体が半透膜2,3を透過する。透過
水は、半透膜2,3内の透過水流路９を通つて中空管１内
に流動する。このとき、透過水流路９を形成している透
過水流路部材４は、耐圧潰性が強く、かつ大きな透過水
流路９を形成しているため、圧損が少なくなり、流動抵
抗少なく透過水は流動することができ、全体として透過
水量が増大する。特に、比較的低圧で操作される限外濾
過（UF）や精密濾炉（MF）に用いて、その効果は顕著で
ある。Next, the action will be specified. The liquid permeates the semipermeable membranes 2 and 3 by the motive force based on the pressure difference between the raw water and the permeated water. The permeated water flows into the hollow tube 1 through the permeated water passages 9 in the semipermeable membranes 2 and 3. At this time, since the permeated water flow path member 4 forming the permeated water flow path 9 has a high crush resistance and a large permeated water flow path 9, pressure loss is reduced and permeated water flows with less flow resistance. It is possible to increase the amount of permeated water as a whole. Especially, the effect is remarkable when used in ultrafiltration (UF) and fine filtration furnace (MF) operated at relatively low pressure.
第２図は、透過水流路部材の抵抗係数の半透膜エレメ
ントに与える影響を示す。縦軸に示すエレメント効率は
ηは、 で表わされる。同図から、エレメントとしたときにどの
程度膜および圧力が有効に使われているかを判断するこ
とができる。すなわち、透過水流路部材の抵抗係数Rsが
小さくなればなるほど、エレメント効率ηが増大、つま
り透過量が多くなつてゆくことがわかる。FIG. 2 shows the effect of the resistance coefficient of the permeate flow channel member on the semipermeable membrane element. The element efficiency shown on the vertical axis is Is represented by From the figure, it is possible to determine how effectively the membrane and pressure are used as an element. That is, it can be seen that the smaller the resistance coefficient Rs of the permeate flow channel member, the higher the element efficiency η, that is, the larger the amount of permeation.
本発明によれば、透過水流路における圧損を小さくで
きることから、透過水量が増大すると同時に、膜（リー
フ）の各部分における透過速度がより均一となり、透過
水流路での液滞留等を防止することができる。According to the present invention, since the pressure loss in the permeate flow channel can be reduced, the permeated water amount increases, and at the same time, the permeation rate in each part of the membrane (leaf) becomes more uniform, preventing liquid retention and the like in the permeate flow channel. You can
【図面の簡単な説明】 第１図は本発明に係る透過水流路部材の縦糸端面方向か
ら観た要部正面図、第２図は透過水流路部材の抵抗係数
が透過水量と圧力損失に及ぼす影響を示した図、第３
図，第４図はスパイラル型膜エレメントの断面図および
一部切欠の平面図、第５図，第６図は従来用いられてい
たトリコツト布製の透過水流路部材の平面図および断面
図である。 2,3……半透膜、４……透過水流路部材、９……透過水
流路、12……ユニツト、13……芯糸（縦糸）、14……側
糸（縦糸）、15……横糸。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of an essential part of a permeated water flow path member according to the present invention viewed from a warp end face direction, and FIG. 2 is a resistance coefficient of the permeated water flow path member exerted on permeated water amount and pressure loss. Figure showing the influence, third
4 and 5 are a cross-sectional view and a partially cutaway plan view of the spiral wound type membrane element, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a permeated water flow path member made of tricot cloth which has been conventionally used. 2,3 ... Semipermeable membrane, 4 ... Permeated water flow path member, 9 ... Permeated water flow path, 12 ... Unit, 13 ... Core thread (warp thread), 14 ... Side thread (warp thread), 15 ... Weft
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 高橋 燦吉 茨城県日立市久慈町4026番地 株式会社日 立製作所日立研究所内 (72)発明者 依田 裕明 茨城県土浦市神立町603番地 株式会社日 立製作所土浦工場内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−57609（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−19001（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭54−17383（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yukichi Takahashi 4026 Kuji Town, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroaki Yoda 603 Kandachi Town, Tsuchiura City Ibaraki Prefecture (56) References JP 62-57609 (JP, A) JP 60-19001 (JP, A) JP 54-17383 (JP, A)
Claims (4)
路部材を備えた液体分離装置において、透過水流路部材
が耐圧潰性の縦糸を複数本束ねて一つのユニツトを成
し、各ユニツトを隣同士離間させて並設するとともに透
過水の流動方向に延在させ、前記縦糸より小径の横糸に
て前記各ユニツトを織成するとともに個々のユニツトを
縛結したものであることを特徴とする液体分離装置。1. A liquid separating apparatus comprising a permeate flow channel member for forming a permeate flow channel in a semipermeable membrane, wherein the permeate flow channel member bundles a plurality of crush resistant warp yarns to form one unit, The units are arranged next to each other so as to be separated from each other and extend in the flow direction of the permeated water, and the units are woven by wefts having a diameter smaller than the warp and the individual units are bound together. Characteristic liquid separation device.
び横糸が合成繊維モノフイラメントである液体分離装
置。2. A liquid separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the warp yarn and the weft yarn are synthetic fiber monofilaments.
て、各ユニツトが１本の大径の芯糸と、この芯糸を対称
中心として配設されかつ該芯糸より小径の４本の側糸と
からなる液体分離装置。3. The core yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each unit has one large-diameter core yarn, and four yarns each having a diameter smaller than the core yarn and arranged with the core yarn as a center of symmetry. Separation device consisting of the side thread of the.
項において、各ユニツトが単層に形成されている液体分
離装置。4. Claims 1, 2 or 3
The liquid separating device according to the item 1, wherein each unit is formed in a single layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5085787A JPH084718B2 (en) | 1987-03-05 | 1987-03-05 | Liquid separation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5085787A JPH084718B2 (en) | 1987-03-05 | 1987-03-05 | Liquid separation device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63218210A JPS63218210A (en) | 1988-09-12 |
| JPH084718B2 true JPH084718B2 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
Family
ID=12870393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5085787A Expired - Lifetime JPH084718B2 (en) | 1987-03-05 | 1987-03-05 | Liquid separation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH084718B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0747112B2 (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1995-05-24 | 東レ株式会社 | Spiral type liquid separation element |
-
1987
- 1987-03-05 JP JP5085787A patent/JPH084718B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63218210A (en) | 1988-09-12 |
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