JPH086253B2 - Synthetic fiber spinning / drawing oil agent and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a treatment oil for synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide. More specifically, the present invention relates to an improved spinning / drawing oil agent as an aqueous emulsion for supplying oil to synthetic fiber yarns during spinning.

[Prior Art] A composition of a spinning / drawing oil agent which is generally applied to a yarn when a synthetic fiber is produced is represented by higher fatty acid esters, mineral oil, etc. for imparting smoothness to the yarn. In addition to additive components such as a leveling agent component, an antistatic agent, a sizing agent, and a rust-preventing agent, an emulsifier component is compounded as a main oil agent composition in order to make the above components into an aqueous emulsion.

Conventional spinning / drawing oil agents include, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 48-17517.
As can be seen in the examples of the publication, an emulsifier consisting of a nonionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant is usually added as a composition in an amount of about 20 to 50% by weight to form an aqueous emulsion. As an emulsifying means, the oil solution is put into water and stirred by a stirring device such as a homomixer or a propeller stirrer.

An oil agent for spinning / drawing having an emulsifier blending ratio of less than 15% by weight is also found in Examples and the like of JP-A-48-96849.
In the conventional emulsification means described above, when the emulsifier blending ratio in the oil agent composition is less than 15% by weight, an aqueous emulsion cannot be obtained due to insufficient emulsifying power, or even if obtained, the average particle diameter of the oil agent particles. Since it is larger than 1 micron, the emulsion stability is poor and it immediately separates and is not practical as an oil agent for spinning and drawing. The emulsified spinning / stretching oil agent is required to maintain a stable emulsified state for practically 5 days or more, preferably 1 week or more. As a cause of poor emulsion stability, a surfactant that is necessary for finely dividing the oil agent composition whose main component is a water-insoluble substance, and to uniformly disperse it in water, that is, the mixing ratio of the emulsifier component is 15% by weight. %, The emulsifying power is insufficient because it is less than%, or the stirring device such as a homomixer that has been used conventionally is a mere mixer, and by itself, the ability to further subdivide the particles by mechanical shearing force. It does not have.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As described above, it is essential to mix an emulsifier component in an amount of about 20 to 50% by weight in a conventional oil agent for spinning and drawing due to restrictions of emulsification means for obtaining an aqueous emulsion. is there.

On the other hand, however, the emulsifier component is a component that does not contribute to the originally required properties of the oil agent other than the emulsifying action, and recently, many examples are found to be harmful in improving the performance of the oil agent for spinning and drawing.

As an example, the emulsifier component generally has a large interaction with an organic substance, and for example, in adhesive tape applications, the chemical action with an adhesive is large, and the adhesive force is reduced.
Further, also in textile applications, the emulsifier component has a function of plasticizing the glue film of the warp yarn to which the glue has been applied, which often causes weaving troubles. In addition, in the case of wet entanglement processing in which air entanglement treatment is performed after water is added, an emulsifier component is added in an amount of about 20 to 50% by weight, such that viscosity increase due to the emulsifier component at the time of water application induces white powder shedding at the entanglement nozzle. There have been various problems with the conventional spinning and drawing oil agents.

The present inventors not only do not require the drawbacks of the conventional spinning / drawing oil agents, that is, other than the emulsifying action, to the originally required properties of the spinning / drawing oil agents, but also improve the performance of the spinning / drawing oil agents. The emulsifier component that is an obstacle to
As a result of intensive studies to solve various problems caused by blending about 20 to 50% by weight, the present invention has been achieved.

An object of the present invention is to provide a spinning / drawing oil agent for synthetic fibers, which is a stable aqueous emulsion after eliminating the emulsifier component in the composition of the spinning / drawing oil agent or reducing the compounding ratio thereof. Is.

[Means for Solving the Problem] That is, the compounding ratio of the emulsifier component in the oil agent composition containing the smoothing agent component and the additive component with or without the emulsifier component is 0 to less than 15% by weight, and the oil agent The object can be achieved by using an oil agent for spinning / drawing for synthetic fibers, which is an aqueous emulsion having an average particle size of 1 micron or less.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

As a smoothing agent component which is a composition of the treated oil agent of the present invention,
The essential water-insoluble fatty acid ester and / or aromatic ester is a conventionally known leveling agent, and preferred examples thereof include methyl oleate, i-propyl myristate, octyl palmitate, oleyl laurate, and oleyl oleate. Monohydric alcohol and monobasic resin group carboxylic acid ester, dioctyl sebacate, dioleyl adipate, etc. Monohydric alcohol and polybasic resin group carboxylic acid ester, dioctyl phthalate, trioleyl trimellitate, etc. Alcohol and aromatic carboxylic acid ester, ethylene glycol diolate, trimethylolpropane tricaprylate, glycerin trioleate and other polyhydric alcohol and monobasic resin group carboxylic acid ester, and lauryl (EO) as a derivative of these esters. ) N octanoe An alkylene oxide addition ester such as G. (However, since the smoothness is impaired if the compound itself is large enough to be soluble or self-dispersible in water, the addition amount of 5 mol or less is preferable). Alternatively, mixed use can be used, but the use is not particularly limited thereto. Also,
Mineral oils such as liquid paraffin and spindle oil are not preferable when used alone because heat resistance is impaired, but mixed use of 40% by weight or less in the leveling agent component can be mentioned as a suitable example. .

As the emulsifier component in the treated oil agent of the present invention, conventionally known ones can be used, but preferred examples include alkylene oxide adducts of compounds having one or more active hydrogens,
That is, lauryl alcohol, i-stearyl alcohol,
Alkylene oxide adducts of monohydric hydroxy compounds such as oleyl alcohol, octylphenol and nonylphenol, monooleic acid esters of glycerin, monolauric acid esters of sorbitan, distearic acid esters of trimethylolpropane and other polyhydric alcohol partial esters and their alkylene oxides. Adjunct,
Alkylene oxide adduct of castor oil, alkylene oxide adduct of alkyl amines such as lauryl amine and stearyl amine, alkylene oxide adduct of higher fatty acids such as myristic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and derived from these fatty acids Examples of the nonionic surfactant include alkylene oxide adducts of amides, and as the alkylene oxide added here, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, etc. may be used alone or in combination. In addition to this, a block copolymer of polyethylene glycol polypropylene glycol, the higher fatty acid and salts thereof such as triethanolamine and diethanolamine, and an anionic surfactant such as funnel oil can also be used as an emulsifier component.

In the present invention, in order to avoid various problems caused by the emulsifier component, the mixing ratio of the emulsifier component needs to be less than 15% by weight, preferably 0 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0 to 7% by weight.

Further, in the spinning / stretching oil agent of the present invention, additives are added according to the required properties, namely, alkali metal salts of alkyl sulfonates, alkali metal salts of alkyl phosphates, alkali metal salts of polyalkylene glycol alkyl phosphates, fatty acid soaps, alkyls. In addition to antistatic agents such as imidazolines, conventionally known sizing agents, rust preventives, preservatives, antioxidants and the like can be used at the same time. These additives are blended according to the required properties of the spinning / drawing oil agent, and the blending amount is not limited, but smoothness and heat resistance may be impaired, so 3 to 6% by weight is preferable.

In the present invention, the average particle diameter of the oil agent particles needs to be 1 micron or less, preferably 0.7 micron or less, and more preferably 0.5 micron or less.
If the average particle size exceeds 1 micron, the emulsion stability of the spinning / stretching oil agent deteriorates, and not only do they separate, but also
Since the average particle size is large, oil film cracks occur on the roller surface when lubrication is performed with the touch roll lubricator, making it difficult to apply stable oil to the spun yarn, or even when applied to the yarn. Since various oil agent surface characteristics cannot be obtained, various adverse effects such as a decrease in adhesiveness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape are recognized, and the effect of making the compounding ratio of the emulsifier component less than 15% by weight cannot be obtained.

Here, a method for producing the spinning / drawing oil agent of the present invention will be described.

Change the blending ratio of the emulsifier component in the composition of the oil for spinning and drawing.
In order to obtain an aqueous emulsion having a content of less than 15% by weight, that is, lower than the conventional compounding ratio and having good emulsion stability, it is necessary to employ a high-speed liquid-jet atomizing means for the spinning / drawing oil agent. As mentioned above, if the mixing ratio of the emulsifier component is less than 15% by weight as in the present invention only by the stirring action of the conventional stirring device such as a homomixer and a propeller, an aqueous emulsion cannot be obtained due to insufficient emulsifying power. However, even if it is obtained, the emulsion stability is poor and it is not practical as an oil agent for spinning / drawing after being separated immediately.

However, in the present invention, the mixing ratio of the emulsifier component is 15
Even if the content is less than wt%, the average particle diameter of the oil agent particles of the spinning / drawing oil agent may be 1 micron or less when the emulsion agent is temporarily emulsified by the conventional emulsifying means and then processed by the high-speed liquid flow atomizing means. 20 to 50% by weight of emulsifier component
An oil agent for spinning and drawing which is comparable to the conventional oil agent having a certain degree of composition in terms of emulsion stability can be obtained.

Here, the high-speed liquid stream atomizing means of the present invention will be described. The high-speed liquid flow atomization means is for atomizing the oil agent particles in the oil agent for spinning / drawing by the shearing force by increasing the flow velocity of the treatment liquid. Specifically, a method using a centrifugal force, a nozzle An injection method and the like can be mentioned. For example, the Gorin homogenizer is a device that injects the processing liquid through a narrow slit under high pressure, and can be considered as a kind of nozzle injection method, but the flow velocity of the processing liquid is high enough to reach the sonic range. Therefore, the particles of the treatment liquid can be easily made into fine particles. To stabilize the average particle size to 1 micron or less,
It is preferable to forcibly atomize the particles in the spinning / drawing oil agent by applying a flow rate of 100 Km / hr or more, and more preferably 250 Km / hr or more. When the flow velocity is further increased
It is also possible to set it to 0.5 micron or less.

In the fiber yarn to which the spinning / drawing oil agent of the present invention is added, the emulsifier component, which is an obstacle in improving the performance of the oil agent, is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional spinning / drawing oil agent. It is possible to solve the above-mentioned various problems inherent in the spinning and drawing oil agent. For example, the quality or operability can be significantly improved by preventing the adhesive force from being lowered in the adhesive tape application, preventing white powder from falling off at the intersection nozzle portion during the air entanglement processing, and the like.

Furthermore, since the emulsifier component is generally a component that lowers the smoothness, the conventional spinning / stretching oil agent containing the emulsifier component in an amount of about 20 to 50% by weight has a limit in improving the smoothness. -The oil for stretching can lower the compounding ratio of the emulsifier component and can increase the compounding ratio of the smoothing agent component, so that the smoothness can be further improved.

The treated oil agent of the present invention is applied to synthetic fiber yarns such as nylon and polyester, and is suitable as an oil agent for spinning / spinning / stretching in all fields from clothing to industrial use.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 An undiluted oil solution having the compounding ratio of the oil agent compositions shown in Nos. 1 to 3 in Table 1 was added to water with stirring to form a primary emulsion, and then a homogenizer (manufactured by Gorin Co. 15M-8TA type) (treatment liquid flow rate 500 Km / hr) to obtain an aqueous emulsion. Table 2 Experiment Nos. 1 to 3 show the evaluation results of the particle size of the oil agent, the emulsion stability, the oil film state on the roller surface and the adhesiveness of the adhesive tape in the obtained aqueous emulsion. The oil particle size of the water-based emulsion in the table is the centrifugal automatic particle size distribution measuring device (CAPA-500 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
Was measured by

The oil film state on the roller surface was evaluated by evaluating the oil film state on the roller surface when the obtained water-based emulsion was supplied by a touch roll type oil supply device. Regarding the adhesiveness of the adhesive tape, the adhesive agent tape was applied to the oil-added yarn prepared by immersing the deoiled polyester yarn in the obtained aqueous emulsion, and the adhesiveness between the yarn and the adhesive tape was evaluated.

As a comparative example, the results of evaluation when the undiluted oil solution having the compounding ratio of the oil composition shown in Nos. 1 to 3 of Table 1 was made into a 20 wt% aqueous emulsion by using a homomixer are shown in Table 2 Experiment N
It is shown together with o.4 to 6.

The oils having a compounding ratio of the emulsifier components shown in Nos. 1 to 3 in Table 1 of less than 15% by weight have insufficient emulsifying power. As shown in (1), a good aqueous emulsion having a large particle size could not be obtained due to insufficient emulsifying power, and the emulsion was completely separated into two layers in several tens of minutes, and the emulsion stability was poor. Further, the roller surface was cracked, and it was difficult to stably apply the oil agent to the spun yarn. Furthermore, since the particle diameter is large, a uniform oil agent-applied yarn cannot be obtained, and the adhesiveness to the adhesive tape is poor. On the other hand, the examples of Table 2 Experiment Nos. 1 to 3 were processed by the high-speed liquid stream particle forming means. In the present invention, the particle size is remarkably small, and the specific surface area is large. Even if the ratio is less than 15% by weight, it is possible to maintain a stable emulsified state. Excellent adhesiveness to the adhesive tape was obtained because a stable oil film was obtained with good leakability to the roller, and a uniform oil agent applied yarn was obtained.

Example 2 Treatment liquid flow velocity and oil agent particles when the oil agent stock solution having the compounding ratio of the oil agent composition shown in Table 1, No. 3 of Example 1 was changed to a 20 wt% aqueous emulsion by changing the means for atomizing. The evaluation results of the diameter, the emulsion stability, the oil film state on the roller surface, and the adhesive tape adhesiveness are shown in the third experiment Nos. 7 to 8.

As a comparative example, the evaluation results when using a homomixer are also shown in Table 3, Experiment Nos. 9 and 10.

As shown in Experiment Nos. 7 to 8 of Table 3, when the treatment liquid is treated with the high-speed liquid stream atomizing means, the average particle diameter of the oil agent particles can be 1.0 micron or less, and a stable emulsified state can be maintained.

In addition, it had a good leak property with the roller, was a stable oil film, and showed excellent adhesive tape adhesiveness. On the other hand, in Comparative Example of Experiment No. 9 in Table 3, the emulsion state was stable for 2 days.
However, an oil film crack occurred on the roller surface, the particle size was large, and the surface property of the oil agent was not uniform, and the adhesiveness of the adhesive tape was poor. In Table 3, Experiment No. 10, the emulsion stability, the oil film state on the roller surface, and the adhesiveness of the adhesive tape were poor.

Example 3 When melt-spinning polyethylene terephthalate at a spinning speed of 1600 m / min, Experiment Nos. 11 to 1 in Table 4 were added to the spun yarn.
Using the same high-speed liquid stream atomizing means as in Example 1, the undiluted oil solution having the compounding ratio described in 5 was applied as a 20% by weight aqueous emulsion so that the pure content was 0.9%. The obtained undrawn yarn was drawn at a draw ratio of 3.0 and a drawing speed of 900 m / min to obtain a drawn yarn of 100 denier / 48 filaments.

The coefficient of friction of the drawn yarn against metal was measured by the running yarn method to obtain an initial tension of 10
It was measured under the conditions of g and yarn speed of 50 m / min.

In addition, an adhesive tape was applied to the knitted fabric prepared using the drawn yarn, and the adhesiveness between the knitted fabric and the adhesive tape was evaluated.

Further, the undiluted oil solution having the compounding ratios shown in Experiment Nos. 11 to 15 was added to a 9% solution of plus size J-6 as a sizing agent to prepare a film, and the state of the sizing of the film was evaluated.

In addition, the viscosity when the undiluted oil solution having the compounding ratios shown in Experiment Nos. 11 to 15 was made into a 50% by weight aqueous solution was evaluated.

 The above evaluation results are also shown in Table 4.

Experiment Nos. 14 and 15 are comparative examples for clarifying the effect of the present invention.

In Experiment Nos. 11 to 13, the blending ratio of the emulsifier component can be reduced and the blending ratio of the smoothing agent component can be increased. Therefore, the smoothness is several stages higher than that of the conventional spinning and drawing oils of Experiments 14 and 15. Are better. Further, in Experiment Nos. 11 to 13, the adhesive has a small interaction with the adhesive and has an excellent adhesive. Also,
Also in the evaluation of the paste, the paste film has a small plasticizing property and is in a good film state, and there is almost no increase in viscosity when water is applied.

On the other hand, in Experiment Nos. 14 and 15, especially Experiment No. 15, the smoothness was inferior, the adhesiveness to the adhesive tape was low, the plasticizing action of the glue film was caused, and the viscosity was significantly increased when water was applied.

[Effects of the Invention] The fiber yarn to which the oil agent of the present invention is applied has excellent adhesiveness to adhesive tape, little plasticization of the paste film, and exhibits remarkable effects such as high smoothness or low viscosity when applied with water. However, these effects are exhibited for the first time by an oil agent for spinning / stretching prepared by blending an emulsifier component as an oil agent composition so as to be less than 15% by weight, and the oil agent for spinning / drawing of the present invention is also
Only by using the high-speed liquid stream atomizing means was it possible to form an aqueous emulsion in which the oil agent particles had an average particle size of 1 micron or less, and it was possible to provide stable practical use.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An oil agent composition comprising a smoothing agent component, an additive component and an emulsifier component comprising water-insoluble fatty acid esters and / or aromatic esters, wherein the emulsifier component is 0 relative to the oil agent composition. An oil agent for spinning / drawing for synthetic fibers, which is an aqueous emulsion in which the oil agent particles have an average particle size of 1 micron or less. 2. A smoothing agent component, an additive component, comprising water-insoluble fatty acid ester and / or aromatic ester,
In an oil agent composition containing an emulsifier component and other components other than water as an active ingredient, the emulsifier component is blended in an amount of 0 to less than 15% by weight with respect to the oil agent composition, water is mixed with the oil agent composition, and the mixed solution is obtained. Is a water-based emulsion in which the average particle size of the oil agent particles is 1 micron or less by means of a high-speed liquid stream atomization means. 3. An oil agent for spinning / drawing for synthetic fibers according to claim 2, wherein the high-speed liquid stream atomizing means is a means for making a mixed liquid of the oil agent composition and water into a liquid flow having a flow velocity of 100 km / hr or more. Production method.