JPH089070B2 - How to create numerical control data for drilling - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a method for creating numerical control data for hole drilling, which creates numerical control data for a punching machine that performs hole drilling on a workpiece such as sheet metal.

[Prior art]

Generally, the following two types of methods are known as methods for forming holes in a work such as a sheet metal using a punching machine. That is, a tool that matches the shape of the hole to be formed is prepared, and a punching operation is performed only once with the tool to form a desired hole. There is a method in which an optimum hole is selected and punching is performed a plurality of times while changing the relative position between the work and the tool to form a hole.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The former method of forming holes by one punching requires the same number of tools as the kinds of holes to be formed, requires a large number of tools, and needs to replace the tools for each hole type. However, there is a problem in that the cost required for the tool and the time required for exchanging the tool increase. On the other hand, in the latter method of selecting the most suitable tool for machining the desired hole from the limited types of tools and punching multiple times, the work of selecting the tool that seems to be the best is done manually. However, since there is no suitable algorithm for tool selection, it takes time to select the tool, and the position control must be performed so that the selected tool moves along the optimum path. There is a problem that it takes a lot of time to set the numerical control data. Also, since the machining time required to form a hole using that tool is not taken into consideration, there is a problem that it is not possible to evaluate whether the selected tool is the optimum tool that minimizes the machining time. is there. In short, the latter method also increases the time loss. The present invention aims to solve the above problems,
When forming a hole by punching multiple times, the tool is selected to minimize the machining time, and numerical control data for the selected tool is given to reduce the time loss. It is intended to provide a method of creating data.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in forming a square hole larger than the size of a square hole that can be formed by a single punching process by a plurality of punching processes,
In the method of creating the numerical control data for hole drilling that creates the numerical control data to be given to the punching machine, for all the tools that can be used to form the square holes, specify the desired vertical and horizontal widths of each hole. Divide by the vertical width and horizontal width of, respectively, and use the quotient as the calculated value if there is no remainder in the
If there is a surplus, the value obtained by rounding up the division result is used as the calculated value, and by multiplying the calculated values obtained for the vertical width and the horizontal width, respectively, the case of using each tool to form the desired hole The number of times of punching is calculated, and after selecting the tool that minimizes the number of times of punching from the calculation results, the position and movement order of the tool at each punching are determined and converted into numerical control data.

[Action]

According to the above method, the number of punches required to form a desired hole is calculated for all the usable tools, and the tool with the smallest number of punches is selected.Therefore, in the range of usable tools, The number of punches, that is, the processing time can be minimized. In particular, for all tools that can be used to make square holes,
Divide the vertical and horizontal widths of the desired hole by the vertical and horizontal widths of each tool respectively. If there is no remainder in the division result, use the quotient as the calculated value, and if there is a remainder, round up the division result as the calculated value. Then, by multiplying the calculated values respectively for the vertical width and the horizontal width, the number of punching when each tool is used to form a desired hole is calculated,
For all usable tools, the minimum number of punching times when forming a desired hole with only one type of tool is obtained by obtaining the number of punching times when forming a desired hole using that tool. It will be possible. In other words, since it is not necessary to select a plurality of types of tools, the calculation is simple and the processing time required for tool selection is shortened. That is, since one type of tool is selected by the four arithmetic operations, the time required for selecting the tool is short, and the selected tool is the tool that minimizes the machining time when drilling with one type of tool. , The time required for selecting a tool and machining a hole with the tool is shortened. As a result, the selection of tools is automated, no skill is required, and the processing time is minimized, so that the time loss can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case.

【Example】

The process of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This processing is executed by a numerical control data creating device such as a computer. In the numerical control data creating device, hole data including the shape, position, and size of each hole to be formed in the work is created in advance. I shall.
The hole data is information about the shape (square), position, and size of each hole finally formed in the work, and is stored in the hole data file. The following processing is performed to select the optimum tool for the set hole data. When a tool is selected by the following processing, actual numerical control data is created for a punching machine such as a turret punch. Since the types of tools that can be used for drilling are limited, first of all, the size or position of the holes that will be finally formed depends on the total punching method (that is, all positions of the holes that are finally formed are If the range is not suitable for the punching method (in the example of FIG. 1, it is determined that the size or position is not suitable for the total punching method), other than the total punching method Method (here, not the entire hole that is finally formed is punched, but only the peripheral part of the hole is punched), and the hole data that matches the processing method is created. Fix it.
That is, when the hole is very large compared to the maximum size of the tool that can be used, it is more efficient to punch only the peripheral part of the hole to be formed and leave the central part. The processing method is selected according to the size of the hole to be formed. Further, since the portion that holds the work cannot be punched out, and only the peripheral portion of the hole is punched out, the processing method changes depending on the position of the hole to be formed. That is, if only the peripheral portion of the finally formed hole is punched, the hole data is replaced with the shape of only the punched portion, not the shape of the finally formed hole.
You will have to select the tools required to punch this part. On the other hand, if the above conditions are not met (ie,
When it is determined that the total punching method is suitable), a process of selecting a tool to be used for performing the punching is performed. That is, for the usable tools registered in advance, the machining time when the tool is used is sequentially evaluated, and the tool that minimizes the machining time is determined. In order to perform such processing, first, one tool is selected from a tool master file in which usable tools are registered, and the size of the hole that can be formed by the tool is compared with the size of the hole to be machined. . Here, when the hole formed by the tool is larger than the size of the hole to be processed, the next tool is selected. That is, the following process is performed only for a tool in which the size of the hole that can be formed by one punching is equal to or smaller than the size of the hole to be processed. When a tool is selected, how many punches are performed with the tool to obtain a desired hole is evaluated. When a square hole is formed by total punching, the total number of punching is obtained as the product of the number of horizontal punching and the number of vertical punching. For example, if the horizontal width of the tool is Tw, the horizontal width is Th, and the horizontal width of the hole is Hw and the vertical width is Hh, the punching number N is N = int (Hw / Tw + 0.999) ・ int It can be represented by (Hh / Th + 0.999). Here, int (x) means the integer part of x. Further, since the step size of the tool is 0.05, the division result can be rounded up by the above calculation. When the final hole is formed by the partial punching method, the hole data may be divided into a plurality of square holes along each side of the final hole (for example, if the hole has four closed sides). 4 square holes can be cut out, and if one side is open, 3 square holes can be cut out.) Even if the partial punching method is adopted, it is divided into multiple square holes. Therefore, the method described above can be applied. If the number of punches N obtained by the above method becomes 1 (that is, when the final hole and the hole formed by the selected tool match), it is only necessary to perform one punching process using that tool. Since it means that holes can be formed,
The tool to use is determined. The present invention is an invention in the case where there is only a tool in which N is 2 or more, and N obtained as described above is 2
If it is above, it compares with the minimum value of the number of times of punching obtained by other tools up to that point, and the smaller one is stored as the minimum value of the number of punching together with the identification number assigned to the tool. However, in the present embodiment, since the case where N is 1 is included, the number of punching times obtained as described above may be 1. In this case, 1 may be adopted as the minimum value. This kind of judgment is performed for all tools,
The tool with the smallest number of punches is determined as the tool to be used. After the tool is determined, a machining command as to how to move the tool is determined and converted into numerical control data. The numerical control data is output in a form readable by a punching machine such as a paper tape or a magnetic medium.

【The invention's effect】

As described above, the present invention calculates the number of punches required to form a desired hole for all available tools, and selects the tool with the smallest number of punches.
The range of usable tools has the advantage that the number of punches, that is, the machining time, can be minimized. As a result, the selection of tools is automated, no skill is required, and the processing time is minimized, so that the time loss can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case. Also, for all tools that can be used for forming rectangular holes, the desired hole vertical width and horizontal width are divided by the vertical width and horizontal width of each tool, and if there is no remainder in the division result, the quotient is calculated. If there is a remainder, use the value obtained by rounding up the division result as the calculated value, and multiply each of the calculated values for the vertical and horizontal widths to use each tool to form the desired hole. Since a method of calculating the number of punching times in the case of being used is adopted, it is possible to obtain the minimum number of punching when forming a desired hole with only one type of tool, and it is necessary to select a plurality of types of tools. Since there is no such tool, it is easy to select a tool, and the number of punches can be easily calculated by four arithmetic operations.
As a result, there is an advantage that the processing time required for selecting a tool is shortened. That is, since one type of tool is selected by the four arithmetic operations, the time required for selecting the tool is short, and the selected tool is the one that minimizes the machining time when drilling with one type of tool. Thus, the time required for selecting a tool and machining a hole with the tool can be shortened.

[Brief description of drawings]

 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of the embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A numerical value for drilling that creates numerical control data to be given to a punching machine when a rectangular hole larger than the size of a rectangular hole that can be formed by one punching is formed by punching multiple times. In the control data creation method, for all the tools that can be used to form the square holes, divide the desired hole height and width by the height and width of each tool, and leave the remainder in the division result. If not, the quotient is used as the calculation value, and if there is a remainder, the value obtained by rounding up the division result is used as the calculation value, and the calculation values obtained for the vertical width and the horizontal width are multiplied to form the desired hole. Calculate the number of punching times when each tool is used for, select the tool with the smallest number of punching times from the calculation results, then determine the position and movement order of the tool at each punching How to create the drilling for numerical control data and converting the control data.